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Dependence of impact regime boundaries on the initial temperatures of projectiles and targets

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2024年第1期31卷 49-57页

作者： stefano Signetti Andreas Heine Fraunhofer-Institut für Kurzzeitdynamik Ernst-Mach-InstitutEMIErnst-Zermelo-Str.479104 Freiburg im BreisgauGermany

Towards higher impact velocities,ballistic events are increasingly determined by the material *** effects might range from moderate thermal softening to full phase *** particular,it is of great interest to quantify the conditions for incipient or full melting of metals during impact interactions,which result in a transition from still strength-affected to hydrodynamic material *** this work,we investigate to which extent the respective melting thresholds are also dependent on the initial,and generally elevated,temperatures of projectiles and targets before *** is studied through the application of a model developed recently by the authors to characterize the transition regime between high-velocity and hypervelocity impact,for which the melting thresholds of materials were used as the defining *** obtained results are expected to be of general interest for ballistic application cases where projectiles or targets are *** conditions might result,for example,from aerodynamic forces acting onto a projectile during atmospheric flight,explosive shapedcharge-jet formation or armor exposure to environmental *** performed analyses also broaden the scientific understanding of the relevance of temperature in penetration events,generally known since the 1960s,but often not considered thoroughly in impact studies.

关键词： Ballistic impact Thermal effects Metallic targets Energy partitioning Homologous temperature

Physical exercise and traumatic brain injury: is it question of time?

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第3期19卷 475-476页

作者： Valentina Mastrorilli stefano Farioli Vecchioli Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology Institute of Biochemistry and Cell BiologyNational Research Council(IBBC/CNR)MonterotondoRomeItaly Plaisant S.R.L. RomeItaly

Is it better to be safe than sorry?This Hamletic dilemma has always stimulated medical-scientific debates in numerous fields of *** among these,the preventive-therapeutic approach to the treatment of brain trauma is one of the most striking *** brain injury(TBI)is a leading cause of brain damage among young and elderly populations with a very high hospitalization and death *** is characterized by two pathologically distinct but strictly consequential phases:a first characterized by an immediate and highly variable mechanical dysfunction of the brain tissue,which involves widespread cell death and tissue degeneration,followed by a second phase which can last from days to even years depending on the severity of the TBI and the patient’s pre-existing health *** processes,including inflammatory phenomena,oxidative stress associated with metabolic,vascular,and neuro-modulatory deficits,are very often responsible for neuro-motor and psychological deficits leading to long-term disabilities(Kaur and Sharma,2018).

关键词： injury striking modulator

Integrated CO_(2)capture and reduction catalysis:Role ofγ-Al_(2)O_(3)support,unique state of potassium and synergy with copper

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第6期140卷 113-122页

作者： Donato Pinto stefano Minorello Zhouping Zhou Atsushi Urakawa Catalysis Engineering Department of Chemical EngineeringDelft University of TechnologyDelft2629HZNetherlands

Carbon dioxide capture and reduction(CCR)process emerges as an efficient catalytic strategy for CO_(2)capture and conversion to valuable chemicals.K-promoted Cu/Al_(2)O_(3)catalysts exhibited promising CO_(2)capture efficiency and highly selective conversion to syngas(CO+H_(2)).The dynamic nature of the Cu-K system at reaction conditions complicates the identification of the catalytically active phase and surface *** present work aims at more precise understanding of the roles of the potassium and copper and the contribution of the metal oxide ***γ-Al_(2)O_(3)guarantees high dispersion and destabilisation of the potassium phase,potassium and copper act synergistically to remove CO_(2)from diluted streams and promote fast regeneration of the active phase for CO_(2)capture releasing CO while passing H_(2).A temperature of 350℃is found necessary to activate H_(2)dissociation and generate the active sites for CO_(2)*** effects of synthesis parameters on the CCR activity are also described by combination of ex-situ characterisation of the materials and catalytic testing.

关键词： Carbon dioxide Carbon capture and utilisation CO_(2)capture and reduction Solid CO_(2)sorbents Heterogeneous catalysis Potassium Copper catalysts Aluminium oxide

CBE Clima Tool:A free and open-source web application for climate analysis tailored to sustainable building design

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Building Simulation 2024年第3期17卷 493-508页

作者： Giovanni Betti Federico Tartarini Christine Nguyen stefano Schiavon Center for the Built Environment University of California BerkeleyBerkeleyUSA Berkeley Education Alliance for Research in Singapore SingaporeSingapore Heat and Health Research Incubator Faculty of Medicine and HealthThe University of SydneyCamperdownAustralia College of Letters and Sciences University of California BerkeleyBerkeleyUSA

Climate-responsive building design holds immense potential for enhancing comfort,energy efficiency,and environmental ***,many social,cultural,and economic obstacles might prevent the wide adoption of designing climate-adapted *** of these obstacles can be removed by enabling practitioners to easily access,visualize and analyze local climate *** CBE Clima Tool(Clima)is a free and open-source web application that offers easy access to publicly available weather files and has been created for building energy simulation and *** provides a series of interactive visualizations of the variables contained in the EnergyPlus Weather Files and several derived ones like the UTCI or the adaptive comfort *** is aimed at students,educators,and practitioners in the architecture and engineering *** its inception,Clima’s user base has exhibited robust growth,attracting over 25,000 unique users annually from across 70 *** tool is poised to revolutionize climate-adaptive building design,transcending geographical boundaries and fostering innovation in the architecture and engineering fields.

关键词： architectural design climate analysis sustainable building design web application building energy simulation open-source software

Estimating wood quality attributes from dense airborne LiDAR point clouds

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Forest Ecosystems 2024年第2期11卷 226-235页

作者： Nicolas Cattaneo stefano Puliti Carolin Fischer Rasmus Astrup Norwegian Institute of Bioeconomy Research(NIBIO) Division of Forest and Forest ResourcesHøgskoleveien 81433ÅsNorway

Mapping individual tree quality parameters from high-density LiDAR point clouds is an important step towards improved forest *** present a novel machine learning-based workflow that uses individual tree point clouds from drone laser scanning to predict wood quality indicators in standing *** object reconstruction methods,our approach is based on simple metrics computed on vertical slices that summarize information on point distances,angles,and geometric attributes of the space between and around the *** models use these slice metrics as predictors and achieve high accuracy for predicting the diameter of the largest branch per log (DLBs) and stem diameter at different heights (DS) from survey-grade drone laser *** show that our models are also robust and accurate when tested on suboptimal versions of the data generated by reductions in the number of points or emulations of suboptimal single-tree segmentation *** approach provides a simple,clear,and scalable solution that can be adapted to different situations both for research and more operational mapping.

关键词： UAV laser scanning Wood quality Machine learning Point cloud metrics

Optimized generation of entanglement based on the f-STIRAP technique

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2024年第7期76卷 37-43页

作者： Dongni Chen Jiahui Li stefano Chesi Ying-Dan Wang Department of Physics Korea UniversitySeoul 02841South Korea School of Quantum Information Future Technology Henan UniversityZhengzhou 450046China Beijing Computational Science Research Center Beijing 100193China Department of Physics Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China CAS Key Laboratory of Theoretical Physics Institute of Theoretical PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China School of Physical Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China

We consider generating maximally entangled states(Bell states)between two qubits coupled to a common bosonic mode,based on *** the systematic approach developed by Wang et al(2017 New ***.19093016),we quantify the effects of non-adiabatic leakage and system dissipation on the entanglement generation,and optimize the entanglement by balancing non-adiabatic leakage and system *** find the analytical expressions of the optimal coupling profile,the operation time,and the maximal *** findings have broad applications in quantum state engineering,especially in solid-state devices where dissipative effects cannot be neglected.

关键词： f-STIRAP entanglement optimization perturbation theory

Simultaneous removal of critical rare earth elements and chalcogen oxyanions by anaerobic granular sludge

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Rare Metals 2024年第9期43卷 4595-4611页

作者： Chiara Belloni Mohanakrishnan Logan stefano Papirio Piet N.L.Lens University of Galway Galway H91 TK33Ireland Department of Civil Architectural and Environmental EngineeringUniversity of Naples Federico II80125 NaplesItaly

Conventional mining of economically and strategically important critical rare earth elements(REEs)(such as neodymium,lanthanum and dysprosium),and chalcogens(such as selenium and tellurium)are associated with a huge economic and environmental ***,the need to recover REEs as well as chalcogens from different waste streams including wastewaters is becoming *** assays on synthetic chalcogen/REE-laden wastewater showed that the presence of REEs significantly improved the tellurite removal rate(>80%)and enhanced selenate removal by 66%±10%.Three 3.9 L continuous upflow anaerobic granular sludge bed(UASB)reactors were operated at a hydraulic retention time of 24 h and30℃.Selenate reduction was achieved with a removal efficiency of~98%with an influent p H of 4.0 for more than 28 *** effect of REEs on tellurite removal in the UASB bioreactor could not be clearly established since a soluble tellurium removal efficiency of more than 98%was observed already before the addition of REEs at elevated tellurite *** complete REE removal in both batch assays and UASB reactors at higher pH(7.0±0.5)was attributed to precipitation,whereas chalcogen oxyanions removal was due to microbial ***,at acidic p H,biosorption was responsible for REE's removal,and the Se-enriched sludge exhibited a superior REE's removal efficiency than the non-enriched and Te-enriched sludge.

关键词： Rare earth elements Selenium Tellurium Bioreduction Adsorption

Good and bad dispositions between archaea and bacteria in the human gut:New insights from metagenomic survey and co-occurrence analysis

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Synthetic and Systems Biotechnology 2024年第1期9卷 88-98页

作者： Francesco Candeliere Laura Sola stefano Raimondi Maddalena Rossi Alberto Amaretti Department of Life Sciences University of Modena and Reggio Emilia41125 ModenaItaly Biogest-Siteia University of Modena and Reggio Emilia41125 ModenaItaly

Archaea are an understudied component of the human *** this study,the gut archaeome and bacteriome of 60 healthy adults from different region were analyzed by whole-genome shotgun *** were ubiquitously found in a wide range of abundances,reaching up to 7.2%.The dominant archaeal phylum was Methanobacteriota,specifically the family Methanobacteriaceae,encompassing more than 50%of Archaea in 50 *** previously underestimated Thermoplasmatota,mostly composed of Methanomassiliicoccaceae,dominated in 10 subjects(>50%)and was present in all others except ***,the sole other archaeal phylum,occurred in negligible concentration,except for two samples(4.6-4.8%).This finding confirmed that the human gut archaeome is primarily composed of methanogenic organisms and among the known methanogenic pathway:i)hydrogenotrophic reduction of CO_(2) is the predominant,being the genus Methanobrevibacter and the species Methanobrevibacter smithii the most abundant in the majority of the samples;ii)the second pathway,that involved Methanomassiliicoccales,was the hydrogenotrophic reduction of methyl-compounds;iii)dismutation of acetate or methyl-compounds seemed to be ***-occurrence analysis allowed to unravel correlations between Archaea and Bacteria that shapes the overall structure of the microbial community,allowing to depict a clearer picture of the human gut archaeome.

关键词： Gut microbiota Archaea Metagenome Co-occurrence Methanomassiliicoccus Methanobrevibacter smithii

A quantitative analysis of the US materials flow methodology and comparison to the EU methodology for MSW statistics

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Waste Disposal and Sustainable Energy 2024年第1期6卷 85-94页

作者： Demetra Tsiamis Fabio Poretti stefano Consonni Marco J.Castaldi Earth Engineering Center Department of Chemical EngineeringThe City College of New YorkNew YorkNYUSA Dipartimento Di Energetica Politecnico Di MilanoPiazza Leonardo da Vinci 3220133MilanItaly

The European Union(EU)and the United States(US)determine municipal solid waste(MSW)statistics *** EU applies a site-specific methodology that directly measures waste whereas the US employs a materials flow methodology that estimates MSW statistics indirectly based on production and recovery data from *** study dissects the materials flow methodology and presents quantitative materials flow Sankey diagrams for the primary MSW materials to highlight data gaps that can be addressed to improve the methodology’s *** industry plastics data were applied to the materials flow methodology,and the results were within 10%of the plastics statistics reported by the US Environmental Protection Agency(US EPA).Drawbacks to the methodologies include EU measurement inaccuracies due to double-counting and not accounting for residual waste in the *** latter may partially explain why landfilling tonnages reported by the US EPA were approximately 60%less than the tonnages reported by the Waste to Energy Research and Technology Council(WTERT)in its national MSW survey that applied the EU methodology in the *** the EU,there is no US national policy that requires states to measure and report state-level waste data to the US *** improvements in US MSW statistics rely heavily on the implementation of national policies to homogenize the measurement and collection of waste data from states.

关键词： Materials flow methodology Site-specific methodology United States European Union Municipal solid waste Discrepancy