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Mechanisms of altered bone remodeling in children with type 1 diabetes

World Journal of Diabetes 2021年第7期12卷 997-1009页

作者： Giacomina Brunetti Gabriele D'Amato stefania de santis Maria Grano Maria Felicia Faienza department of Biosciences Biotechnologies and BiopharmaceuticsUniversity"A.Moro"of BariBari 70125Italy department of Women’s and Children’s Health ASL BariNeonatal Intensive Care UnitDi Venere HospitalBari 70124Italy department of Pharmacy-Drug Science University of Bari Aldo MoroBari 70126Italy department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation Univ BariBari 70124Italy department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology Pediatric UnitUniversity"A.Moro"Bari 70124Italy

Bone loss associated with type 1 diabetes mellitus(T1DM)begins at the onset of the disease,already in childhood,determining a lower bone mass peak and hence a greater risk of osteoporosis and fractures later in *** mechanisms underlying diabetic bone fragility are not yet completely *** and insulin deficiency can affect the bone cells functions,as well as the bone marrow fat,thus impairing the bone strength,geometry,and *** factors,like insulin and growth hormone/insulin-like growth factor 1,can control bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell commitment,and the receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand/osteoprotegerin and Wnt-b catenin pathways can impair bone *** myokines may have a key role in regulating metabolic control and improving bone mass in T1DM *** aim of this review is to provide an overview of the current knowledge of the mechanisms underlying altered bone remodeling in children affected by T1DM.

关键词： Type 1 diabetes Children Bone remodeling Osteoclasts Osteoblasts

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Application of ultrasonography-elastography score to suspect porto-sinusoidal vascular disease in patients with portal vein thrombosis

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2024年第1期23卷 20-24页

作者： stefania Gioia Adriano de santis Giulia d’Amati Silvia Nardelli Alessandra Spagnoli Arianna Di Rocco Lorenzo Ridola Oliviero Riggio department of Translational and Precision Medicine Sapienza University of RomeRomeItaly department of Radiological Oncologicaland Pathological SciencesSapienza University of RomeRomeItaly department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases Sapienza University of RomeRomeItaly

Background:Porto-sinusoidal vascular disease(PSVD)and portal vein thrombosis(PVT)are causes of portal hypertension characterized respectively by an intrahepatic and a pre-hepatic obstacle to the flow in the portal *** PVT may be a consequence of PSVD,in PVT patients at presentation,a pre-existing PSVD should be *** these patients the identification of an underlying PSVD would have relevant implication regarding follow-up and therapeutic management,but it could be *** this setting ultrasonography may be valuable in differential *** aim of the study was to use ultrasonography to identify parameters to discriminate between PSVD and“pure”PVT and then to suspect PVT secondary to a pre-existing ***:Fifty-three patients with histologically proven PSVD and forty-eight patients affected by chronic PVT were enrolled and submitted to abdominal ultrasonography with elastography by acoustic radiation force impulse(ARFI).Results:ARFI was higher and superior mesenteric vein(SMV)diameter was wider in PSVD patients than in PVT ***,a prognostic score was obtained as linear combinations of the two parameters with a good discrimination capacity between PSVD and PVT(the area under the curve=0.780;95%confidence interval:0.690-0.869).Conclusions:A score based on ARFI and SMV diameter may be useful to suspect an underlying PSVD in patients with PVT and to identify a subgroup of patients to be submitted to liver biopsy.

关键词： Non-cirrhotic portal hypertension Porto-sinusoidal vascular disease Chronic portal vein thrombosis Liver stiffness Portal hypertension Acoustic radiation force impulse

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Bayesian Set Estimation with Alternative Loss Functions: Optimality and Regret Analysis

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Open Journal of Statistics 2023年第2期13卷 195-211页

作者： Fulvio de santis stefania Gubbiotti department of Statistical Sciences Sapienza University of Rome Rome Italy

decision-theoretic interval estimation requires the use of loss functions that, typically, take into account the size and the coverage of the sets. We here consider the class of monotone loss functions that, under quite general conditions, guarantee Bayesian optimality of highest posterior probability sets. We focus on three specific families of monotone losses, namely the linear, the exponential and the rational losses whose difference consists in the way the sizes of the sets are penalized. Within the standard yet important set-up of a normal model we propose: 1) an optimality analysis, to compare the solutions yielded by the alternative classes of losses;2) a regret analysis, to evaluate the additional loss of standard non-optimal intervals of fixed credibility. The article uses an application to a clinical trial as an illustrative example.

关键词： Bayesian Inference decision-Theoretic Approach Highest Posterior density Sets Interval Estimation Regret

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