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Transformation of organic matters in fresh leachate during anaerobic degradation under long hydraulic retention time

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2009年第9期21卷 1302-1308页

作者： XU Suyun,HE Pinjing,LU Fan,LI Min,SHAO Liming state key laboratory of Pollution Control and resources Reuse,key laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment,College of Environmental Science and Engineering,Tongji University,Shanghai 200092,China state key laboratory of Pollution Control and resources Reuse Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment College of Environmental Science and Engineering Tongji University Shanghai 200092 China

This study investigated the biodegradability of fresh leachate from a young municipal solid waste landfill at the inoculum to substrate ratios （V/V） of 10/100, 25/100, 50/100 and 100/100, as well as the transformation of organic matters in leachate under prolonged hydraulic retention time （HRT） of 50 d. Fresh leachate showed a good biodegradability, with chemical oxygen demand （COD） removal efficiency as high as 87%-92% and cumulative methane yield close to theoretical value （0.35 L CH4/g CODdeg）. Methane production and COD depletion presented biphasic characteristics associated with the successive utilization of two major intermediates, acetate and propionate, The biphasic degradation of fresh leachate was resulted from the different hydrolysis rates of diverse substrates and the changes in microorganism community structure. After 50 d, the effluents were dominated by high-MW organic compounds （MW 〉 10 kDa） at each inoculum ratio, which might be refractory compounds released from cell lyses.

关键词： biodegradability biomass lyses methane production ratio of inoculum to substrate volatile fatty acids

Analysis of genome-wide gene expression in root of wheat hybrid and its parents using Barleyl GeneChip

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2006年第7期16卷 712-720页

作者： ZHANG Yinhong, NI Zhongfu, YAO Yingyin, ZHAO Jun and SUN Qixin (Department of Plant genetics & Breeding and state key laboratory for Agrobiotechnology, key laboratory of Crop Genomics and genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture / Beijing key laboratory of Crop genetic Improvement, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100094, China) China Agr Univ Dept Genet & Plant Breeding Beijing 100094 Peoples R China China Agr Univ Minist AgrBeijing Key Lab Crop Genet Improvement State Key Lab Agrobiotechnol Key Lab Crop Genom & Genet Improvement Beijing 100094 Peoples R China

Previous studies indicated that differential gene expression between hybrids and their parents is responsible for the hct-crosis. In this paper, we report genome-wide gene expression analysis in roots of a highly heterotic inter-specific hybrid 3338/2463 and its parental inbreds using Barley GeneChip. A total of 1187 genes displayed difference in gene expressions between hybrid 3338/2463 and its parents, and they can be clustered into eight differential expression patterns. Further analysis revealed that among these 1187 genes, 975 genes showed high sequence similarity to the GenBank entries, and represented diverse functional categories, such as metabolism, cell growth and maintenance, signal transduction, response to stress, transcription regulation and others. Fourteen genes were selected for RT-PCR analysis and expression patterns of 9 (64. 29% ) genes were confirmed. Remarkably, 380 differentially expressed genes could be mapped on the Chinese Spring deletion bins, and with the number of genes in seven homoeologous groups being 158, 148, 121, 140, 132, 94 and 127 respectively. It is concluded that a combination of systematic identification of differentially expressed genes with comparative mapping would provide further insight into understanding of molecular basis of heterosis.

关键词： GeneChip gene expression heterosis hybrid wheat.

Study on 3D simulation of wave fields in acoustic reflection image logging

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Science China Earth Sciences 2008年第S2期51卷 186-194页

作者： TAO Guo,HE FengJiang,WANG Bing,WANG Hua & CHEN Ping state key laboratory of Petroleum resources and Prospecting,China University of Petroleum,Beijing 102249,China state key laboratory of Petroleum resources and Prospecting China University of Petroleum Beijing China

The borehole acoustic reflection imaging logging is a newly developed acoustic logging method that has attracted many interests. These converted and reflected waves for imaging are usually mixed up with borehole guided waves and therefore difficult to be clearly identified. To improve the downhole tool design and develop more sophisticate data processing and interpretation algorithms,studies on precisely numerical modeling of the wave fields in the acoustic reflection imaging logging are neces-sary and critical. This paper developed a parallelized scheme of 3D finite difference (3DFD) with non-uniform staggered grid and PML absorbing boundary to simulate the acoustic wave fields in isotropic and anisotropic formations. Applications of this scheme to the typical cases of isotropic and anisot-ropic formations and comparison with the results from published analytical solutions have demon-strated the validation and efficiency of the scheme. Higher accuracy and lower computation cost (3.5 times faster than the conventional schemes) have been achieved with this scheme for modeling such a complex wave fields of 60 dB dynamic range with higher frequency (10 kHz). This simulating program provides a quantitative analytical means for studying acoustic reflection imaging tool and development of the data processing and interpretation methods.

关键词： acoustic reflection imaging 3D wave field modeling non-uniform staggered grid PML absorb ring boundary parallel scheme

Eu^(3+)-doped LaPO_4 and LaAlO_3 nanosystems and their luminescence properties

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Science China Chemistry 2009年第8期52卷 1104-1112页

作者： WAN Qiang,HE YuPing,DAI Ning & ZOU BingSuo state key laboratory of state key laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics and key laboratory for Micro-Nano Opto-Electronic Devices of Ministry of Education,Hunan University,Changsha 410082,China state key laboratory of state key laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics and key laboratory for Micro-Nano Opto-Electronic Devices of Ministry of Education Hunan University Changsha China

Eu3+ ion-doped LaPO4 nanowires or nanorods have been successfully synthesized by a simple hydrothermal *** influence of varying the hydrothermal and subsequent sintering conditions on the morphology and structure of the LaPO4 host has been investigated by scanning electron microscopy(SEM) and X-ray diffraction(XRD).For comparison,the Eu3+ ions were also doped into monoclinic monazite LaPO4 nanoparticles and perovskite LaAlO3 *** relative intensities of the emission lines of the LaPO4:Eu3+ nanosystems were essentially independent of their *** optimal doping concentrations in the monoclinic LaPO4 and perovskite LaAlO3 nanosystems were determined to be about 5.0 and 3.5 mol%,*** appropriate UV-radiation,the red light emitted from LaAlO3:Eu3+(3.5 mol%) was brighter than that from LaPO4:Eu3+(5.0 mol%) nanomaterial,resulting from differences in their spin-orbit couplings and covalence,which indicates that the nanoscale LaAlO3 is a promising host material for rare earth ions.

关键词： doping synthesis luminescence nanosystem

Activation of fly ashes by the high temperature and high alkalinity in ASR tests

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2011年第S1期54卷 28-32页

作者： CAI YueBo ,DING JianTong & BAI Yin state key laboratory of Hydrology-Water resources and Hydraulic Engineering,Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute,Nanjing 210029,China state key laboratory of Hydrology-Water resources and Hydraulic Engineering Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute Nanjing China

High temperature and high alkalinity are typical testing conditions to accelerate the appraisal process of the suppressing effect of fly ashes on alkali silica reaction(ASR),but the reaction mechanism of fly ashes would be quite different under such conditions compared to the normal condition of temperature and *** make a reasonable analysis of the suppressing effect of fly ashes,13 types of fly ashes were tested in this paper by both the accelerated mortar bar test method and the 60°C accelerated concrete prism test *** results showed that the effect of fly ashes would be magnified under the condition of high temperature and high *** XRD analysis showed that all the phases of fly ash could react with the hot alkaline solution except for mullite and a small amount of *** ash could be significantly activated by the 80°C 1 mol/L NaOH solution,and form mainly C-S-H phase and P type zeolite,but its effect on inhibiting ASR was exaggerated *** to the mortar strength test and the ASR suppressing test results,C-S-H phase contributed to mortar strength,but its amount did not decide the ASR suppressing effect of fly ash.

关键词： fly ash Alkali silica reaction Activation

A new species of Mountain Dragon Reptilia: Agamidae: Diploderma from the D. dymondi complex in southern Sichuan Province, China

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Development of an integrated model system to simulate transport and fate of oil spills in seas

动物学研究 2019年第5期

作者： Kai Wang Jia-Wei Wu Ke Jiang Jin-Min Chen Ben-Fu Miao Cameron D.Siler Jing Che state key laboratory of genetic resources Evolution Kunming Institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of Sciences Kunming Yunnan 650223 China

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2010年第11期53卷 2423-2434页

作者： WANG JinHua & SHEN YongMing state key laboratory of Coastal and Offshore Engineering,Dalian University of Technology,Dalian 116023,China state key laboratory of Coastal and Offshore Engineering Dalian University of Technology

A three-dimensional integrated model is developed for simulating transport and final fate of oil spills in *** model contains two main modules,flow and transport-fate *** flow module uses an unstructured finite-volume wave-ocean coupling *** unstructured meshes provides great flexibility for modeling the flow in complex geometries of tidal creeks,barriers and *** the transport-fate module the oil dispersion is solved using a particle-tracking *** diffusion is simulated using random walk techniques in a Monte Carlo framework,whereas the vertical diffusion process is solved on the basis of the Langeven *** model simulates the most significant processes that affect the motion of oil particles,such as advection,surface spreading,evaporation,dissolution,emulsification and turbulent diffusion as well as the interaction of the oil particles with the shoreline,sedimentation and the temporal variations of oil viscosity,density and surface *** model simulates either continuous or instantaneous oil spills,and also other toxic *** model has been applied to simulate the oil spill accident in the Bohai *** comparison with the observations,the numerical results indicate that the model is reasonably accurate.

关键词： oil-spill modeling finite-volume method oil particles 3-D unstructured grid

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Cloning of a down-regulated gene encoding small GTP binding protein in hybrid wheat

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2005年第7期15卷 621-626页

作者： YAO Yingyin, NI Zhongfu, CHEN Rongmin, WU Limin and SUN Qixin (Department of Plant genetic & Breeding, state key laboratory for Agro-biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100094, China) Department of Plant genetic & Breeding State Key Laboratory for Agro-biotechnology China Agricultural University Beijing 100094 China

Previous studies showed that differential gene expression between wheat hybrids and their parents was responsible for the heterosis. To provide an insight into the molecular basis of wheat heterosis, one cDNA, designated TaRab, was identified from the cDNA library of wheat seedling leaves. The sequence comparison in GenBank revealed that TaRab is homologous to a group of genes encoding Rab-GTP binding protein. Semi-quantitative RT-PCR analysis indicated that TaRab was expressed in all plant tissues examined, but at slightly higher level in leaves. Further analysis exhibited that TaRab displayed lower expression in hybrid than in its patents in both roots and leaves, which was in agreement with the original results of suppression subtractive hybridization. TaRab was located on chromosome 7B and C-7DS5-0.36 by in silico mapping. The relationship between differential expression of TaRab and the molecular basis of wheat heterosis was also discussed.

关键词： wheat Rab protein gene expression heterosis.

BINARY COMPETITIVE AND COOPERATIVE ADSORPTION OF AROMATIC COMPOUNDS ON POLYMERIC RESINS

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2005年第5期23卷 503-511页

作者： Wei-ming Zhang Jin-long Chen Bing-cai Pan Quan-xing Zhang state key laboratory of Pollution Control and resources Reuse,School of the Environment,Nanjing University,Nanjing 210093,China state key laboratory of Pollution Control and resources Reuse School of the Environment Nanjing University Nanjing 210093

The adsorption behaviors of 2-naphthalenesulfonic acid and aniline on a conventional macroporous resin Amberlite XAD4 and the other two newly-developed hypercrosslinked resins NDA101 and NDAI00 were investigated in a single or binary batch system at 293 K and 313 K, respectively. All the adsorption isotherms of 2-naphthalenesulfonic acid and aniline on the test resins in both systems can fit well with the Langmuir equation, indicating that the adsorption is a favorable process. At the identical equilibrium concentration, the amount of aniline adsorbed on polymeric resins in the single system is higher than that in the binary system because of the competitive adsorption between 2-naphthalenesulfonic acid and aniline on the resin surface. However, the uptake amount of 2-naphthalenesulfonic acid in the binary system is markedly larger than that in the single system, which is presumably due to the cooperative effect arisen from the electrostatic interaction between 2-naphthalenesulfonic acid and aniline adsorbed on the resin surface. The simultaneous adsorption system was proven to be helpful for the selective adsorption toward 2-naphthalenesulfonic acid due to its larger selective index.

关键词： Polymeric resin 2-Naphthalenesulfonic acid Aniline Competitive adsorption Cooperative adsorption.