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世界核心医学期刊文摘（皮肤病学分册） 2006年第1期2卷 38-39页

作者： Britton J.E.R goulden V stables g 李政霄 Leeds Centre for Dermatology Leeds General Infirmary Leeds West Yorkshire United Kingdom

Background: The use of 5-aminolaevulinic acid photodynamic therapy (ALA-PDT) for the treatment of Bowen’s disease is well established. However, treatment w ith a continuous light source has the disadvantage of prolonged treatment time d uring which patients often experience significant discomfort requiring the use o f local anaesthetic. Objectives: The aim of this study was to assess the efficac y and safety of the pulsed dye laser (PDL)as the light source for photoactivatio n of the protoporphyrin IX to treat Bowen’s disease by PDT. Methods: Thirteen p atients with a total of 17 patches of histologically proven Bowen’s disease wer e treated with 20%5-ALA in Unguentum M(r) (Crookes Healthcare, Nottingham, U.K .) under occlusion for 4 h. The patches were then irradiated using a Candela SPL TL-1b (Candela Corporation, Wayland, MA, U.S.A.) PDL using a wavelength of 585 nm, with a 7-mm diameter spot at a fluence of 10 J cm-2. The spots overlapped by 50%to cover the lesion and extend beyond the clinical margin of the patch of Bowen’s disease by 0.5 cm. Patients were then followed up initially at 2 month s, then at 3-monthly intervals for a period of 12 months to assess treatment su ccess and recurrence rate. Results: Subjects consisted of 10 females and three m ales, between 47 and 88 years. The mean area of the patches of Bowen’s disease was 315.4 mm2 (range 36-2464 mm2) requiring a median of 32 pulses (range 3-260 ). Lesions sites were hands (two), foot (one) and lower leg (14). All patients e xperienced varying degrees of discomfort during treatment but none required the use of local anaesthetic. At 2 months eight treatment sites could not be assesse d due to loose overlying crusts and removal of these revealed superficial erosio ns in seven patients. Of the 17 lesions treated, on follow-up at 1 year, 14 pat ches (82%) demonstrated a complete clinical response, although one of these had required a second treatment. Two patients with three lesions that would have re qu

关键词： Bowen 脉冲式染料激光氨基酮戊酸光疗法光动力疗法局部麻醉照射点原卟啉复发率临床反

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局部外用氨基酮戊酸光动力疗法治疗指甲下Bowen病

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世界核心医学期刊文摘（皮肤病学分册） 2006年第2期2卷 17-17页

作者： Usmani N. stables g.I. Telfer N.R. Stringer M.R. 吴佳纹 Centre for Dermatology Leeds General Infirmary 27 Belle Vue Ave Leeds West Yorkshire LS8 2NN United Kingdom

A 66- year- old man presented with an 18- month history of progressive nail dystrophy involving his left index finger. A diagnostic biopsy specimen confirmed the clinical suggestion of subungual Bowen’ s disease (carcinoma in situ). Various treatment options were considered, and the decision was made to treat with photodynamic therapy using topical 5- aminolevulunic acid administered as two treatments 4 weeks apart. The patient was reviewed 3 months after treatment and then regularly at 6- month intervals. Thirty months after treatment there remained no clinical evidence of recurrence of the condition with preservation of a normal nail unit. Although the successful treatment of cutaneous Bowen’ s disease with photodynamic therapy is well documented, this is the first report of the successful treatment of subungual Bowen’ s disease using topical aminolevulunic acid- photodynamic therapy.

关键词： Bowen 光动力疗法氨基酮戊酸甲营养不良原位癌左手食指活检标本病已

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Conceptions of Childhood and the Educational Rights of the Child

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Journal of Philosophy Study 2013年第9期3卷 857-866页

作者： Andrew stables Ph.D. Full Professor School of Education University of Roehampton Britain main research field

Formulations of children＇s rights rest on assumptions about the nature of childhood yet conceptions of childhood are not stable across time and space. Such conceptions can be understood as placing different emphases among three different factors： the child as subservient to parents and ancestors （Child 1）, as a young person requiring special protection and having characteristics distinct from adults （Child 2） and as a novice （Child 3）. Different social arrangements place relatively different emphases on these three factors in their overall conceptions of childhood. Adopting the distinction between Will and Interest rights （Archard 2002）, the paper considers how an emphasis on Child 1, 2 or 3 presupposes and demands a distinctive consideration of children＇s rights. The argument concludes with a reflection on how children＇s rights might be construed if the nature of adulthood is problematised alongside that of childhood. In this case, capabilities （as means to enable functionings） may prove a more fruitful concept than rights （as actual or possible existential conditions）.

关键词： children's rights education childhood philosophy of education

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稳定型心绞痛患者成功进行经皮冠状动脉介入后血清心肌标记物与其后运动耐量的关系：一项初步研究

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世界核心医学期刊文摘（心脏病学分册） 2005年第8期1卷 26-27页

作者： Williams S.g. stables R.H. Wright D.J. 王永兴 Cardiothoracic Centre Thomas Drive Liverpool L14 3PE United Kingdom

We performed a pilot study to assess the significance of modest, asymptomatic, elevated serum cardiac markers- troponin T(TnT) and creatinine kinase- MB(CK- MB)- 18- 24 h following successful elective percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI) and to explore their relationship with changes in aerobic exercise capacity, as measured by peak oxygen consumption(VO2), 6 weeks following the procedure. Twenty-three patients with single-vessel disease and chronic angina performed an incremental cardiopulmonary exercise test before and 6 weeks after successful uncomplicated PCI. A venous blood sample was taken at rest before PCI and 18-24 h after the procedure. Successful PCI resulted in a trend towards an increased peak VO2 [21. 62 ±0. 64(pre) vs. 23. 03±0. 75 ml/kg/min(post), p = 0. 07; mean ± SEM] . There was a significant increase [median(IQR) ] in TnT, from 0. 00(0. 00) μg/l at baseline increasing to 0.02(0.03) μg/l at 18-24 h, p = 0. 002. CK-MB levels showed no significant difference. In the group of 15/23(65%) patients with an elevation in serum TnT( FF>> 0. 01 μg/l), 18-24 h after successful PCI, there was no significant increase in peak VO2 [23. 31 ±0. 96(pre)vs. 23. 89 ± 1. 09 ml/kg/min(post), p=0. 57] . In 8(35% ) patients with no rise in TnT at 18 - 24 h, a significant increase in peak VO2 was observed following successful PCI[23. 10 ±0. 91 (pre) vs. 25. 09 ± 0. 75 ml/ kg/min(post), p =0. 02]. Although 7 of these 8 patients increased their peak VO2, the absence of a TnT rise at 18-24 h was not significantly associated with an increase in peak VO2 following successful PCI(p =0. 18). To confirm these interesting initial results and investigate the relationship of serum cardiac markers following successful PCI and subsequent exercise capacity, further studies are required.

关键词：稳定型心绞痛运动耐量血清心肌单支血管病变肌酸肌酶肌钙蛋白无症状介入治疗耗氧量

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Pig Manure Systems in germany and China and the Impact on Nutrient Flow

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Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology(A) 2011年第6期1卷 858-865页

作者： F. Schuchardtl, T. Jiang T. Jiang g. X. Li R. Mendoza Huaitalla Federal Research Institute for Rural Areas Forestry and Fisheries Institute of Agricultural Technology and Biosystems Engineering Braunschweig 38116 Germany Department of Environment Science and Engineering China Agricultural University Beijing 100193 China College of Chemistry and Biology Leshan Normal College Leshan 614004 China Department of Agricultural Engineering University Hohenheim Stuttgart 70599 Germany

germany and China use different stable systems for fattening pigs. Widespread systems in germany are closed stables with slatted or partly slatted floor, which produce liquid manure （a mixture of urine, faeces, and cleaning water） whereas in China open stables with closed concrete floors are used with separate collection of faeces and urine. Based on data from literature and own analyses nutrient flows of both systems are calculated. The Chinese manure system or mechanized belt or V-shaped pit floor systems with faeces/urine separation are more effective to separate solids, nutrients, carbon, and heavy metal than mechanical separation from liquid manure. The separation rates can be up to 88% for the solids, 67% for nitrogen, 93% for phosphorus, 60% for potassium, 94% for magnesium, 97% for cupper, and 98% for zinc. The faeces can be used for composting to produce a market product.

关键词： Pig manure China germany nutrient flow fattening pigs gan qing fen.

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