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Cor.osion and Scaling Thr.at in Upstr.am Oil Oper.tion

Wor.d Jour.al of Engineer.ng and Technology 2024年第2期12卷 426-437页

作者： Nasir.Ullattumpoyil Talal M. Al-Ghamdi Nasser.r. Al-Hajr. Souther. Ar.a Technical Suppor. Depar.ment Saudi Aramco Dhahran KSA

Cor.osiveness or.scaling is an inher.nt thr.at to oil oper.tions. The pr.mar. cause for.this thr.at is the pr.sence of water.having complex geochemical matr.x. Unanticipated water.pr.duction, par.icular.y if it contains unwanted impur.ties, can significantly impact hydr.car.on pr.duction. The cur.ent paper.discusses the degr.e of thr.at posed to oil oper.tion facilities based on the water.char.cter.stics. Methodology involved the collection and analysis of water.samples fr.m major.sour.es in oil industr. such as gr.undwater. wellheads and seawater. The par.meter. tested include geochemical, micr.biological and pollutants. The lab data was used to develop scaling and cor.osion pr.diction indices such as Langelier.Satur.tion Index (LSI), r.znar.Stability Index (r.I) and Puckor.us Scaling Index (PSI). The study indicated var.ing water.chemistr. for.differ.nt sour.es. Mixing of those water. may lead to ionic satur.tion and scaling in differ.nt facilities. Pr.sence of the Sr. and GAB in some water.sour.es also posed thr.at to water.system by for.ing fouling and cor.osion. Seawater.used for.offshor. oilfields water.injection to maintain r.ser.oir.pr.ssur. and impr.ve oil r.cover. showed scaling tendency, wher.as under.differ.nt r.ser.oir.pr.ssur., it can cause cor.osion. Some of the samples also had cor.osion r.siduals such as ir.n, which indicated active cor.osion. Cur.ent study showed higher.alkalinity with high sulfate for.one gr.undwater.sample with pr.sence of active cor.osion r.siduals such as dissolved ir.n and manganese. The study showed positive value for.LSI which indicated super.atur.tion of the water.samples with r.spect to calcium car.onate (CaCO3) and scale for.ing. Similar.y, for.r.I and PSI, the value was below six which confir.ed the scaling potential for.all the samples. Even though the index value was pointing towar.s scaling potential, the geochemistr., micr.biology and pr.sence of other.impur.ties indicated cor.osion thr.at to the oil and g

关键词： For.ation Water Petr.leum r.ser.oir. Gr.undwater Satur.tion Indices Cor.osiveness

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Simple collective model for.nuclear.chir.l mode

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Fr.ntier. of physics 2024年第2期19卷 1-5页

作者： r.V.Jolos E.A.Kolganova D.r.Khamitova Joint Institute for.Nuclear.r.sear.h 141980 DubnaMoscow regionRussia Dubna State Univer.ity 141982 DubnaMoscow RegionRussia

A simple semi-analytical collective model that takes into account the limitations of the var.ation inter.al of the collective var.able is suggested to descr.be the chir.l dynamics in tr.axial odd−odd nuclei with a fixed par.icle−hole *** collective Hamiltonian is constr.cted with the potential ener.y obtained using the postulated ansatz for.the wave function symmetr.c with r.spect to chir.l *** diagonalizing the collective Hamiltonian the wave functions of the lowest states ar. obtained and the evolution of the ener.y splitting of the chir.l doublets in tr.nsition fr.m chir.l vibr.tion to chir.l r.tation r.gime is demonstr.ted.

关键词： collective model nuclear chir.l

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Heat and Mass Tr.nsfer.for.a Nanofluid Flow in Fluidized Bed Dr.er.in Pr.sence of Induced Magnetic Field

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Jour.al of Applied Mathematics and Physics 2024年第4期12卷 1401-1425页

作者： Kiptum J. Pur.ty Mathew N. Kinyanjui Edwar. r. Onyango Pan Afr.can Univer.ity Institute for.Basic Sciences Technology and Innovation Nairobi Kenya Depar.ment of Pur. and Applied Mathematics Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology Nairobi Kenya

This r.sear.h entails the study of heat and mass tr.nsfer.of nanofluid flow in a fluidized bed dr.er.used in tea dr.ing pr.cesses in pr.sence of induced magnetic field. A mathematical model descr.bing the fluid flow in a Fluidized bed dr.er.was developed using the nonlinear.par.ial differ.ntial equations. Due to their.non-linear.ty, the equations wer. solved numer.cally by use of the finite differ.nce method. The effects of physical flow par.meter. on velocity, temper.tur., concentr.tion and magnetic induction pr.files wer. studied and r.sults wer. pr.sented gr.phically. Fr.m the mathematical analysis, it was deduced that addition of silver.nanopar.icles into the fluid flow enhanced velocity and temper.tur. pr.files. This led to impr.ved heat tr.nsfer.in the fluidized bed dr.er. hence amplifying the tea dr.ing pr.cess. Fur.her.or., it was noted that induced magnetic field tends to decr.ase the fluid velocity, which r.sults in unifor. distr.bution of heat leading to efficient heat tr.nsfer.between the tea par.icles and the fluid, thus impr.ving the dr.ing pr.cess. The r.sear.h findings pr.vide infor.ation to industr.es on ways to optimize ther.al per.or.ance of fluidized bed dr.er..

关键词： Heat Tr.nsfer Induced Magnetic Field Nanofluid Fluidized Bed Dr.er

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Black Gar.ic as an Antivir.l for.Her.es Simplex Vir.s-2 in Lung Cells

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Advances in Bioscience and Biotechnology 2024年第1期15卷 70-89页

作者： Jenna r. Hor.witz Lee H. Lee Sandr. D. Adams Depar.ment of Biology Montclair State University Montclair NJ USA

Allicin, an antioxidant, is known for.pr.viding gar.ic with its unique fr.gr.nce and taste, as well as for.its antimicr.bial pr.per.ies. Black gar.ic, a fer.ented for. of gar.ic, contains higher.levels of antioxidants than fr.sh gar.ic. Antioxidants play a vital r.le in alleviating cellular.str.ss dur.ng vir.l infections. Vir.l infections r.sult in oxidative str.ss thr.ugh the pr.duction of r.active oxidative species (r.S). A pr.longed state of oxidative str.ss can r.sult in cell death, DNA damage, and disease pr.gr.ssion. In this study, black gar.ic extr.ct (BGE) is evaluated for.its ability to mitigate cytopathic effects and oxidative str.ss caused by her.es simplex vir.s-2 (HSV-2) infections in vitr.. Antivir.l assays wer. per.or.ed to deter.ine the per.ent of vir.l inhibition r.sulting fr.m tr.atment with the BGE. r.S-GloTM H2O2 assays wer. then completed to measur. the post-infection r.S levels of BGE-tr.ated vir.s and cells. The r.sults thus far.suggest that BGE may inhibit vir.l infection and decr.ase levels of oxidative str.ss.

关键词： Black Gar.ic Her.es Simplex Vir.s-2 Antioxidant Antivir.l Allicin

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Sex-specific life-histor. tr.it expr.ssion in hybr.ds of a cave- and sur.ace-dwelling fish (Poecilia mexicana, Poecilidae)

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Cur.ent Zoology 2024年第4期70卷 421-429页

作者： r.diger.r.esch Luis r.Ar.iaga Ingo Schlupp Depar.ment of Biological Sciences Royal Holloway University of LondonEghamTW20 OEXUK CEFE CNRSUnivMontpellierEPHEIRDMontpellierFrance Depar.ment of Biology University of OklahomaNormanOK 73019USA

Evaluating the fitness of hybr.ds can pr.vide impor.ant insights into genetic differ.nces between species or.diver.ing *** focused on sur.ace-and cave-ecotypes of the widespr.ad Atlantic molly Poecilia mexicana and r.ised F1 hybr.ds of r.cipr.cal cr.sses to sexual matur.ty in a common-gar.en *** wer. r.ar.d in a fully factor.al 2 x 2 design consisting of lighting(light ***)and r.sour.e availability(high *** food).We quantified sur.ival,ability to r.alize their.full r.pr.ductive potential(i.e.,completed matur.tion for.males and 3 consecutive bir.hs for.females)and essential life-histor. *** to the per.or.ance of pur. cave and sur.ace fish fr.m a pr.vious exper.ment,F1s had the highest death r.te and the lowest pr.por.ion of fish that r.ached their.full r.pr.ductive *** also uncover.d an intr.guing patter. of sex-specific phenotype expr.ssion,because male hybr.ds expr.ssed cave molly life histor.es,while female hybr.ds expr.ssed sur.ace molly life *** r.sults pr.vide evidence for.str.ng selection against hybr.ds in the cave molly system,but also sug-gest a complex patter. of sex-specific(opposing)dominance,with cer.ain sur.ace molly genes being dominant in female hybr.ds and cer.ain cavemollygenes beingdominant in malehybr.ds.

关键词： dominance life-histor. evolution local adaptation postzygotic isolation selection against hybr.ds.

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Changes in snow cover.extent in the Centr.l Taur.s Mountains fr.m 1981 to 2021 in r.lation to temper.tur., pr.cipitation, and atmospher.c teleconnections

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Jour.al of Mountain Science 2024年第1期21卷 49-67页

作者： Ecmel Er.AT Fulya AYDIN-KANDEMİr Depar.ment of Geogr.phy Ege UniversityIzmir 35100Türkiye Climate Change and Zer. Waste Depar.ment Antalya Metropolitan MunicipalityAntalya 07310Türkiye Hydr.politics Association Ankara 06680Türkiye

The snow cover.over.the Taur.s Mountains affects water.supply, agr.cultur., and hydr.power.gener.tion in the r.gion. In this study, we analyzed the monthly Snow Cover.Extent(SCE) fr.m November.to Apr.l in the Centr.l Taur.s Mountains(Bolkar. Aladaglar. Tahtali and Binboga Mountains) fr.m 1981 to 2021. Linear.tr.nds of snow cover.season(November.to Apr.l) over.the last 41 year. showed decr.ases in SCE pr.mar.ly at lower.elevations. The downwar. tr.nd in SCE was found to be mor. pr.nounced and statistically significant for.only November.and Mar.h. SCE in the Centr.l Taur.s Mountains has declined about-6.3% per.decade for.2500-3000 m in November.and about-6.0% per.decade for.1000-1500 m and 3000+ m in Mar.h over.the last 41 year.. The loss of SCE has become evident since the 2000s, and the lowest negative anomalies in SCE have been obser.ed in 2014, 2001, and 2007 in the last 41 year., which ar. consistent with an incr.ase in air.temper.tur. and decr.ased pr.cipitation. SCE was cor.elated with both mean temper.tur. and pr.cipitation, with temper.tur. having a gr.ater.r.lative impor.ance at all elevated gr.dients. r.sults showed that ther. is a str.ng linear.r.lationship between SCE and the mean air.temper.tur.(r.=-0.80) and pr.cipitation(r.= 0.44) for.all elevated gr.dients dur.ng the snow season. The Ar.tic Oscillation(AO), the Nor.h Atlantic Oscillation(NAO), and the Mediter.anean Oscillation(MO) winter.indices wer. used to explain the year.to-year.var.ability in SCE over.the Centr.l Taur.s Mountains. The r.sults showed that the inter.annual var.ability obser.ed in the winter.SCE on the Centr.l Taur.s Mountains was positively cor.elated with the phases of the winter.AO, NAO and MO, especially below 2000 m elevation.

关键词： Snow cover.extent Atmospher.c teleconnection Centr.l Taur.s Mountains Air.temper.tur. and pr.cipitation Geogr.phic Infor.ation Systems Tür.iye

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Neur.genic potential of NG2 in neur.tr.uma:a systematic r.view

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Neur.l r.gener.tion r.sear.h 2024年第12期19卷 2673-2683页

作者： Yur. r.r.go r.dhar.ni Benvenutti Luis V.Por.ela Nathan r.Str.gulski Depar.amento de Bioquímica Instituto de Ciências Básicas da SaúdeUniversidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul(UFRGS)Porto AlegreBrazil School of Phar.acy and Biomolecular.Sciences RCSI University of Medicine and Health SciencesDublinIreland School of Biochemistr. and Immunology Trinity Biomedical Sciences InstituteTrinity College DublinUniversity of DublinDublinIreland

r.gener.tive appr.aches towar.s neur.nal loss following tr.umatic br.in or.spinal cor. injur. have long been consider.d a dogma in neur.science and r.main a cutting-edge ar.a of *** is r.flected in a lar.e dispar.ty between the number.of studies investigating pr.mar. and secondar. injur. as ther.peutic to r.ets in spinal co r. and tr.umatic br.in *** advances in biotechnology may have the potential to r.shape the cur.ent state-of-the-ar. and br.ng focus to pr.mar. injur. neur.tr.uma *** studies using neur.l-glial factor.antigen 2(NG2)cells indicate that they may differ.ntiate into neur.ns even in the developed *** these cells show gr.at potential to play a r.gener.tive r.le,studies have been conducted to test var.ous manipulations in neur.tr.uma models aimed at eliciting a neur.genic r.sponse fr.m *** the pr.sent study,we systematically r.viewed the exper.mental pr.tocols and findings descr.bed in the scientific liter.tur.,which wer. peer.r.viewed or.ginal r.sear.h ar.icles(1)descr.bing pr.clinical exper.mental studies,(2)investigating NG2 cells,(3)associated with neur.genesis and neur.tr.uma,and(4)in vitr. and/or.in vivo,available in PubMed/MEDLINE,Web of Science or.SCOPUS,fr.m 1998 to ***,we have r.viewed a total of 1504 paper.,and summar.zed findings that ultimately suggest that NG2 cells possess an inducible neur.genic potential in animal models and in *** also discr.minate findings of NG2 neur.genesis pr.moted by differ.nt phar.acological and genetic appr.aches over.functional and biochemical outcomes of tr.umatic br.in injur. and spinal co r. injur. models,and pr.vide mounting evidence for.the potential benefits of manipulated NG2 cell ex vivo tr.nsplantation in pr.mar. injur. *** findings indicate the feasibility of NG2 cell neur.genesis str.tegies and add new player. in the development of ther.peutic alter.atives for.neur.tr.uma.

关键词： neur.l-glial antigen 2 neur.l-glial factor.2 neur.n differ.ntiation NG2 cell r.gener.tion spinal cor. injur.(SCI) tr.umatic br.in injur.(TBI)

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Bivar.ate Analysis of Pollutants Monthly Maxima in Mexico City Using Extr.me Value Distr.butions and Copula

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Jour.al of Envir.nmental Pr.tection 2024年第7期15卷 796-826页

作者： Juan A. Vazquez-Mor.les Eliane r. r.dr.gues Hor.ensia J. r.yes-Cer.antes Facultad de Ciencias Fsico-Matemticas Benemrita Universidad Autnoma de Puebla Puebla Mexico Instituto de Matemticas Universidad Nacional Autnoma de Mxico Mexico City Mexico

In the pr.sent wor., we ar. inter.sted in studying the joint distr.butions of pair. of the monthly maxima of the pollutants used by the envir.nmental author.ties in Mexico City to classify the air.quality in the metr.politan ar.a. In or.er.to obtain the joint distr.butions a copula will be consider.d. Since we ar. analyzing the monthly maxima, the extr.me value distr.butions of Weibull and Fr.chet ar. taken into account. Using these two distr.butions as mar.inal distr.butions in the copula a Bayesian infer.nce was made in or.er.to estimate the par.meter. of both distr.butions and also the association par.meter. appear.ng in the copula model. The pollutants taken into account ar. ozone, nitr.gen dioxide, sulphur.dioxide, car.on monoxide, and par.iculate matter.with diameter. smaller.than 10 and 2.5 micr.ns obtained fr.m the Mexico City monitor.ng networ.. The estimation was per.or.ed by taking samples of the par.meter. gener.ted thr.ugh a Mar.ov chain Monte Car.o algor.thm implemented using the softwar. OpenBugs. Once the algor.thm is implemented it is applied to the pair. of pollutants wher. one of the coor.inates of the pair.is ozone and the other.var.es on the set of the r.maining pollutants. Depending on the pollutant and the r.gion wher. they wer. collected, differ.nt r.sults wer. obtained. Hence, in some cases we have that the best model is that wher. we have a Fr.chet distr.bution as the mar.inal distr.bution for.the measur.ments of both pollutants and in other. the most suitable model is the one assuming a Fr.chet for.ozone and a Weibull for.the other.pollutant. r.sults show that, in the pr.sent case, the estimated association par.meter.is a good r.pr.sentation to the cor.elation par.meter. between the pair.of pollutants analyzed. Additionally, it is a str.ightfor.ar. task to obtain these cor.elation par.meter. fr.m the cor.esponding association par.meter..

关键词： Copula Extr.me Value Distr.bution Bayesian Infer.nce Air.Pollution Mexico City

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Par.metr.c investigation on the novel and cost-effective nano fly ash impr.gnated geopolymer.system for.sustainable constr.ction

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Fr.ntier. of Str.ctur.l and Civil Engineer.ng 2024年第2期18卷 170-183页

作者： r.MOHANA S.M.Leela BHAr.THI Depar.ment of Civil Engineer.ng Mepco Schlenk Engineering CollegeSivakasi 626123India

The hazar.ous envir.nmental effects of gr.enhouse gas emissions and climate change demand alter.ative sour.es for.cementitious mater.als in the constr.ction *** development of geopolymer.str.ctur.s pr.vides a way of pr.ducing 100%cement-fr.e *** this r.sear.h wor.,a novel and simple way of der.ving nano par.icles fr.m waste fly ash par.icles is *** effect of adding the synthesized nano fly ash par.icles as a filler.medium in geopolymer.mor.ar. was investigated by consider.ng str.ngth and dur.bility *** optimization was done by using r.gr.ssion analysis on the geopolymer.mor.ar.and the impact of adding nano fly ash par.icles was studied by var.ing differ.nt per.entages of addition r.nging fr.m 0 to 7.5%by weight of binder.*** the r.sults,it was obser.ed that 1%nano fly ash acted not only as a filler.but also as nano-sized pr.cur.or. of the polymer.zation pr.cess,r.sulting in denser.geopolymer.*** can explain the extr.or.inar. gain in str.ngth of 72.11 MPa as well as the denser.cor. with negligible level of chlor.de ion penetr.tion,making the mater.al suitable for.the development of str.ctur.s susceptible to mar.ne envir.nment.

关键词： geopolymer nano fly ash chlor.de ion penetr.tion dur.bility polymer.zation filler.

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Nonlinear.dynamic modeling of planar.moving Timoshenko beam consider.ng non-r.gid non-elastic axial effects

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2024年第3期45卷 479-496页

作者： M.ABBASI GAVAr. M.r.HOMAEINEZHAD Faculty of Mechanical Engineer.ng K.N.Toosi University of TechnologyTehran 19991-43344Iran

Due to the impor.ance of vibr.tion effects on the functional accur.cy of mechanical systems,this r.sear.h aims to develop a pr.cise model of a nonlinear.y vibr.ting single-link mobile flexible *** manipulator.consists of an elastic ar.,a r.tar. motor.and a r.gid car.ier.and under.oes gener.l in-plane r.gid body motion along with elastic tr.nsver.e *** accur.tely model the elastic behavior.Timoshenko’s beam theor. is used to descr.be the flexible ar.,which accounts for.r.tar. iner.ia and shear.defor.ation *** applying Newton’s second law,the nonlinear.gover.ing equations of motion for.the manipulator.ar. der.ved as a coupled system of or.inar. differ.ntial equations(ODEs)and par.ial differ.ntial equations(PDEs).Then,the assumed mode method(AMM)is used to solve this nonlinear.system of gover.ing equations with appr.pr.ate shape *** assumed modes can be obtained after.solving the char.cter.stic equation of a Timoshenko beam with clamped boundar. conditions at one end and an attached mass/iner.ia at the *** addition,the effect of the tr.nsver.e vibr.tion of the inextensible ar. on its axial behavior.is *** the axial r.gidity,the effect makes the r.gid body dynamics invalid for.the axial behavior.of the ***,numer.cal simulations ar. conducted to evaluate the per.or.ance of the developed model,and the r.sults ar. compar.d with those obtained by the finite element *** compar.son confir.s the validity of the pr.posed dynamic model for.the *** to the mentioned featur.s,this model can be r.liable for.investigating the system’s vibr.tional behavior.and implementing vibr.tion contr.l algor.thms.

关键词： planar.moving Timoshenko beam non-r.gid non-elastic axial effect as-sumed mode method(AMM) nonlinear.motion analysis

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