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Callus proliferation-induced hypoxic microenvironment decreases shoot regeneration competence in Arabidopsis

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Molecular Plant 2024年第3期17卷 395-408页

作者： Dohee Koo hong Gil Lee soon Hyung Bae Kyounghee Lee Pil Joon seo Department of Chemistry Seoul National UniversitySeoul 08826Korea Plant Genomics and Breeding Institute Seoul National UniversitySeoul 08826Korea Research Institute of Basic Sciences Seoul National UniversitySeoul 08826Korea

Plants are aerobic organisms that rely on molecular oxygen for respiratory energy *** conditions,with oxygen levels ranging between 1%and 5%,usually limit aerobic respiration and affect plant growth and ***,we demonstrate that the hypoxic microenvironment induced by active cell proliferation during the two-step plant regeneration process intrinsically represses the regener-ation competence of the callus in Arabidopsis *** showed that hypoxia-repressed plant regener-ation is mediated by the RELATED TO APETALA2.12(RAP2.12)protein,a memberof the Ethylene Response Factor VIl(ERF-Vll)*** found that the hypoxia-activated RAP2.12 protein promotes salicylic acid(SA)biosynthesis and defense responses,thereby inhibiting pluripotency acquisition and de novo shoot regeneration in *** and genetic analyses revealed that RAP2.12 could bind directly to the SALICYLIC ACID INDUCTION DEFICIENT 2(SID2)gene promoter and activate SA biosynthesis,repressing plant regeneration possibly via a PLETHORA(PLT)-dependent ***,the rap2.12 mutant calli exhibits enhanced shoot regeneration,which is impaired by SA *** together,these find-ings uncover that the cell proliferation-dependent hypoxic microenvironment reduces cellular pluripotency and plant regeneration through the RAP2.12-SID2 module.

关键词： callus cell proliferation-induced hypoxia SID2 plant regeneration salicylic acid RAP2.12

Surface-modified Ag@Ru-P25 for photocatalytic CO_(2) conversion with high selectivity over CH_(4) formation at the solid–gas interface

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Carbon Energy 2024年第1期6卷 182-196页

作者： Chaitanya B.Hiragond Sohag Biswas Niket SPowar Junho Lee Eunhee Gong Hwapyong Kim hong soo Kim Jin-Woo Jung Chang-Hee Cho Bryan M.Wong Su-Il In Department of Energy Science&Engineering Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology(DGIST)DaeguRepublic of Korea Department of Chemical&Environmental Engineering Materials Science&Engineering ProgramDepartment of ChemistryDepartment of Physics&AstronomyUniversity of California-RiversideRiversideCaliforniaUSA Department of Physics and Chemistry Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology(DGIST)DaeguRepublic of Korea NiceScience Corporation DaeguRepublic of Korea

Systematic optimization of the photocatalyst and investigation of the role of each component is important to maximizing catalytic activity and comprehending the photocatalytic conversion of CO_(2) reduction to solar fuels.A surface-modified Ag@Ru-P25 photocatalyst with H_(2)O_(2) treatment was designed in this study to convert CO_(2) and H_(2)O vapor into highly selective *** doping followed by Ag nanoparticles(NPs)cocatalyst deposition on P25(TiO_(2))enhances visible light absorption and charge separation,whereas H_(2)O_(2) treatment modifies the surface of the photocatalyst with hydroxyl(–OH)groups and promotes CO_(2) ***-resonance transmission electron microscopy,X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy,X-ray absorption near-edge structure,and extended X-ray absorption fine structure techniques were used to analyze the surface and chemical composition of the photocatalyst,while thermogravimetric analysis,CO_(2) adsorption isotherm,and temperature programmed desorption study were performed to examine the significance of H_(2)O_(2) treatment in increasing CO_(2) reduction *** optimized Ag1.0@Ru1.0-P25 photocatalyst performed excellent CO_(2) reduction activity into CO,CH4,and C2H6 with a~95%selectivity of CH4,where the activity was~135 times higher than that of pristine TiO_(2)(P25).For the first time,this work explored the effect of H_(2)O_(2) treatment on the photocatalyst that dramatically increases CO_(2) reduction activity.

关键词： gas-phase CO_(2) reduction H_(2)O_(2) treatment plasmonic nanoparticles solar fuel photocatalyst surface modification

Artificial optoelectronic synapse based on spatiotemporal irradiation to source-sharing circuitry of synaptic phototransistors

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InfoMat 2024年第2期6卷 131-141页

作者： Seungho Song Changsoon Choi Jongtae Ahn Je-Jun Lee Jisu Jang Byoung-soo Yu Jung Pyo hong Yong-Sang Ryu Yong-Hoon Kim Do Kyung Hwang Center for Opto-Electronic Materials and Devices Post-Silicon Semiconductor InstituteKorea Institute of Science and Technology(KIST)SeoulRepublic of Korea School of Advanced Materials Science and Engineering Sungkyunkwan UniversitySuwonRepublic of Korea Center for Spintronics Post-Silicon Semiconductor InstituteKorea Institute of Science and Technology(KIST)SeoulRepublic of Korea Division of Nanoscience&Technology KIST SchoolUniversity of Science and Technology(UST)SeoulRepublic of Korea School of Biomedical Engineering Korea UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea KU-KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology Korea UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea

To overcome the intrinsic inefficiency of the von Neumann architecture,neuromorphic devices that perform analog vector–matrix multiplication have been highlighted for achieving power-and time-efficient data *** particular,artificial synapses,of which conductance should be programmed to represent the synaptic weights of the artificial neural network,have been intensively researched to realize neuromorphic ***,inspired by excitatory and inhibitory synapses,we develop an artificial optoelectronic synapse that shows both potentiation and depression characteristics triggered only by optical *** design of the artificial optoelectronic synapse,in which excitatory and inhibitory synaptic phototransistors are serially connected,enables these characteristics by spatiotemporally irradiating the phototransistor channels with optical ***,a negative synaptic weight can be realized without the need for electronic components such as *** such attributes,the artificial optoelectronic synapse is demonstrated to classify three digits with a high recognition rate(98.3%)and perform image preprocessing via analog vector-matrix multiplication.

关键词： amorphous oxide semiconductor analog processing artificial synapse neuromorphic optoelectronics

RUFY4 deletion prevents pathological bone loss by blocking endo-lysosomal trafficking of osteoclasts

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Bone Research 2024年第2期12卷 407-420页

作者： Minhee Kim Jin Hee Park Miyeon Go Nawon Lee Jeongin seo Hana Lee Doyong Kim Hyunil Ha Taesoo Kim Myeong seon Jeong Suree Kim Taesoo Kim Han Sung Kim Dongmin Kang Hyunbo Shim soo Young Lee Department of Life Science Ewha Womans UniversitySeoul 03760South Korea The Research Center for Cellular Homeostasis Ewha Womans UniversitySeoul 03760South Korea Department of Biomedical Engineering Yonsei UniversityWonju 26493South Korea KM Convergence Research Division Korea Institute of Oriental MedicineDaejeon 34054South Korea Chuncheon Center Korea Basic Science InstituteChuncheon 24341South Korea Fluorescence Core Imaging Center and Bioimaging Data Curation Center Ewha Womans UniversitySeoul 03760South Korea Multitasking Macrophage Research Center Ewha Womans UniversitySeoul 03760South Korea

Mature osteoclasts degrade bone matrix by exocytosis of active proteases from secretory lysosomes through a ruffled ***,the molecular mechanisms underlying lysosomal trafficking and secretion in osteoclasts remain largely ***,we show with GeneChip analysis that RUN and FYVE domain-containing protein 4(RUFY4)is strongly upregulated during *** lacking Rufy4 exhibited a high trabecular bone mass phenotype with abnormalities in osteoclast function in ***,deleting Rufy4 did not affect osteoclast differentiation,but inhibited bone-resorbing activity due to disruption in the acidic maturation of secondary lysosomes,their trafficking to the membrane,and their secretion of cathepsin K into the extracellular ***,RUFY4 promotes late endosome-lysosome fusion by acting as an adaptor protein between Rab7 on late endosomes and LAMP2 on primary ***,Rufy4-deficient mice were highly protected from lipopolysaccharide-and ovariectomy-induced bone ***,RUFY4 plays as a new regulator in osteoclast activity by mediating endo-lysosomal trafficking and have a potential to be specific target for therapies against bone-loss diseases such as osteoporosis.

关键词： osteoclast inhibited traffic

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A Study on How Urban Rail Operators Can Secure New Growth Engines for the Future Approach: The Case of Underground Urban Logistics System

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Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering 2024年第3期12卷 130-140页

作者： Su Min hong Oek seok Jeon Young soo Na Metro Research Institute Seoul MetroSeoul 04806Korea Department of Transportation Engineering University of SeoulSeoul 02504Korea

seoul Metro is seoul’s leading metro company, transporting up to 3 billion people annually. However, future ridership is expected to plummet due to an aging and shrinking population with one of the fastest declining total fertility rates in the world. The COVID-19 pandemic in 2019 accelerated this phenomenon. On the contrary, the e-commerce and home delivery industries have developed significantly since COVID-19. seoul’s current logistics infrastructure cannot handle it. Under the inflection point of declining passenger transportation demand and increasing urban logistics demand, urban rail operators need new growth engines. Therefore, it is necessary to consider the introduction of an UULS (underground urban logistics system) that transports parcels instead of passengers through urban railways. If the UULS becomes a reality, it can be expected to secure scarce logistics land in cities, protect the environment and prevent traffic congestion by operating eco-friendly mass urban transportation, and acquire new revenue sources for urban rail operators. The UULS’s B/C ratio is 1.32. The sensitivity analysis shows that the ratio is above 1 in most cases where the unit cost of transportation is not significantly reduced.

关键词： UULS metro new growth engines COVID-19 traffic congestion environment.

Changes in microorganisms and metabolites during long-term fermentation of commercially manufactured anchovy sauce

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年

作者： Daehyeon Kim seong-Eun Park Eun-Ju Kim Seung-Ho seo Kwang-Moon Cho Sun Jae Kwon hong-seok Son Department of Biotechnology College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology Korea University Sonlab Inc. 3. AccuGene Inc.

This study was performed to investigate the changes in microbial communities and metabolites during the long-term fermentation of commercially manufactured anchovy sauce. Samples of commercial anchovy sauce were collected from large-scale fermentation tanks with fermentation periods of up to 7.87 years. The complex bacterial community was simplified to two genera， Tetragenococcus and Halanaerobium， after approximately 0.55 years of fermentation. Although genera， such as Saccharomyces， Cladosporium， Candida， and Aspergillus， were relatively dominant， no clear pattern was identified in fungal community analysis. The longitudinal metabolite profile demonstrated that approximately half (55.8%) of the metabolites present in anchovy sauce were produced within a year of fermentation due to rapid fermentation. Despite the static microbial community， the contents of several metabolites including amino acids and biogenic amines changed continuously during the long-term fermentation of anchovy sauce. This study provides novel insights into the changes in microbiota and metabolites in fish sauce produced without any starter inoculation.

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Survival benefit of concurrent chemoradiotherapy for advanced ampulla of Vater cancer

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第2期12卷 267-275页

作者： Chae Hwa Kwon Hyung Il seo Dong Uk Kim Sung Yong Han Suk Kim Nam Kyung Lee Seung Baek hong Ji Hyun Ahn Young Mok Park Byeong Gwan Noh BioMedical Research Institute Pusan National University HospitalBusan 49241South Korea Department of Surgery Pusan National University School of Medicine and Biomedical Research InstitutePusan National University HospitalBusan 49241South Korea Department of Internal Medicine Pusan National University School of Medicine and Biomedical Research InstitutePusan National University HospitalBusan 49241South Korea Department of Radiology Pusan National University School of Medicine and Biomedical Research InstitutePusan National University HospitalBusan 49241South Korea Department of Pathology and Biomedical Research Institute Pusan National University HospitalBusan 49241South Korea

BACKGROUND Currently,there is no standard adjuvant therapy for patients with resected ampulla of Vater(AoV)*** To evaluate the effectiveness of adjuvant concurrent chemoradiotherapy(CCRT)in patients with advanced AoV cancer who underwent curative *** This single-centered,retrospective study included 29 patients with advanced AoV cancer who underwent pancreaticoduodenectomy between 2006 and *** impact of CCRT on advanced AoV cancer was *** The 1-,3-,and 5-yr recurrence-free survival(RFS)rates for patients with advanced AoV cancer were 82.8%,48.3%,and 40.8%,respectively,and the overall survival(OS)rates were 89.7%,62.1%,and 51.7%,***-cular invasion was found to be a significant risk factor for RFS and OS in patients with advanced AoV cancer in the univariate analysis,whereas T stage and lymph node metastasis were significantly associated with OS in the multivariate *** to the patients who did not receive adjuvant CCRT,those who received adjuvant CCRT did not show statistically significant improvements in the RFS and OS,although they had a significantly lower average age and significantly higher platelet-to-lymphocyte *** Adjuvant CCRT did not improve survival outcomes in patients with advanced AoV *** findings contribute to existing knowledge on the effectiveness of CCRT in this patient population and provide important insights for clinical decision-making.

关键词： Advanced ampulla of Vater cancer Adjuvant concurrent chemoradiotherapy Recurrence Survival Vater cancer

Magnetic field regression using artificial neural networks for cold atom experiments

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Chinese Physics B 2024年第2期33卷 46-51页

作者：陈子霆黃建陶 Bojeong seo 黄明琛 Mithilesh K.Parit 何逸飞甄浩廷 Jensen Li Gyu-Boong Jo Department of Physics The Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyKowloon 999077China

Accurately measuring magnetic fields is essential for magnetic-field sensitive experiments in areas like atomic,molecular,and optical physics,condensed matter experiments,and other ***,since many experiments are often conducted in an isolated environment that is inaccessible to experimentalists,it can be challenging to accurately determine the magnetic field at the target ***,we propose an efficient method for detecting magnetic fields with the assistance of an artificial neural network(NN).Instead of measuring the magnetic field directly at the desired location,we detect fields at several surrounding positions,and a trained NN can accurately predict the magnetic field at the target *** training,we achieve a below 0.3%relative prediction error of magnetic field magnitude at the center of the vacuum chamber,and successfully apply this method to our erbium quantum gas apparatus for accurate calibration of magnetic field and long-term monitoring of environmental stray magnetic *** demonstrated approach significantly simplifies the process of determining magnetic fields in isolated environments and can be applied to various research fields across a wide range of magnetic field magnitudes.

关键词： ultracold gases trapped gases measurement methods and instrumentation

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Verruca plana arising in a tattooed eyebrow

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Verruca plana arising in a tattooed eyebrow