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Edaravone combined with Schwann cell transplantation may repair spinal cord injury in rats

Neural Regeneration Research 2015年第2期10卷 230-236页

作者： Shu-quan Zhang Min-fei Wu zhe piao Jin Yao Ji-hai Li Xin-gang Wang Jun Liu Department of Orthopedics Tianjin Nankai Hospital Department of Spine Surgery Orthopedic Hospital Second Hospital Clinical Hospital Jilin University Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery China-Japan Union Hospital Jilin University Department of Hand and Foot Surgery and Reparative & Reconstructive Surgery Center Orthopedic Hospital Second Hospital Clinical Hospital Jilin University

Edaravone has been shown to delay neuronal apoptosis, thereby improving nerve function and the microenvironment after spinal cord injury. Edaravone can provide a favorable environment for theAa：eatment of spinal cord injury using Schwann cell transplantation. This study used rat models of complete spinal cord transection at T9. Six hours later, Schwann cells were transplanted in the head and tail ends of the injury site. Simultaneously, edaravone was injected through the caudal vein. Eight weeks later, the PKH-26-1abeled Schwann cells had survived and migrated to the center of the spinal cord injury region in rats after combined treatment with edaravone and Schwann cells. Moreover, the number of PKH-26-1abeled Schwann cells in the rat spinal cord was more than that in rats undergoing Schwann cell transplantation alone or rats without any treatment. Horseradish peroxidase retrograde tracing revealed that the number of horserad- ish peroxidase-positive nerve fibers was greater in rats treated with edaravone combined with Schwann cells than in rats with Schwann cell transplantation alone. The results demonstrated that lower extremity motor function and neurophysiological function were better in rats treated with edaravone and Schwann cells than in rats with Schwann cell transplantation only. These data confirmed that Schwann cell transplantation combined with edaravone injection promoted the regeneration of nerve fibers of rats with spinal cord injury and improved neurological function.

关键词： nerve regeneration spinal cord injury Schwann cells cell transplantation edaravone motor function electrophysiological function neural regeneration

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An Improved Unsupervised Image Segmentation Method Based on Multi-Objective Particle Swarm Optimization Clustering Algorithm

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2019年第2期58卷 451-461页

作者： zhe Liu Bao Xiang Yuqing song Hu Lu Qingfeng Liu School of Computer Science and Telecommunication Engineering Jiangsu UniversityZhenjiang212013China School of Computer Science Jilin Normal UniversitySiping136000China Institute of Science and Technology Information Jiangsu UniversityZhenjiang212013China

Most image segmentation methods based on clustering algorithms use singleobjective function to implement image *** avoid the defect,this paper proposes a new image segmentation method based on a multi-objective particle swarm optimization(PSO)clustering *** unsupervised algorithm not only offers a new similarity computing approach based on electromagnetic forces,but also obtains the proper number of clusters which is determined by scale-space *** is experimentally demonstrated that the applicability and effectiveness of the proposed multi-objective PSO clustering algorithm.

关键词： Multi-objective optimization particle swarm optimization electromagnetic forces scale-space theory

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Vertical and temporal distribution of nitrogen and phosphorus and relationship with their influencing factors in aquatic-terrestrial ecotone:a case study in Taihu Lake,China

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2007年第6期19卷 689-695页

作者： YANG Hong-jun SHEN zhe-min ZHU song-he WANG Wen-hua School of Environmental Science and Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200240 China

Vertical and temporal distributions of N and P in soil solution in aquatic-terrestrial ecotone （ATE） of Taihu Lake were investigated, and the relations among N, P, ORP （oxidation reduction potential）, TOC, root system biomass and microorganism were studied. As a whole, significant declines in TN, NO3^--N, DON （dissolved organic nitrogen） and TP concentration in soil solution have occurred with increase of the depth, and reached their minima at 60 cm depth, except for NH4^＋-N, which increased with depth. The concentration of TP increased gradually from spring to winter in the topsoil, the maximum 0.08 mg/L presented in the winter while the minimum 0.03 mg/L in spring. In the deeper layer, the concentration value of TP fluctuated little. As for the NO3^--N, its seasonal variation was significant at 20 cm depth, its concentration increased gradually from spring to autumn, and decreased markedly in winter. Vertical and temporal distribution of DON is contrary to that of NO3^--N. The results also show that the variation of N and P in the percolate between adjacent layers is obviously different. The vertical variation ofTN, TP, NO3^--N, NH4^＋-N and DON is significant, of which the variation coefficient of NO3^--N along the depth reaches 100.23%, the highest; while the variation coefficient of DON is 41.14%, the smallest. The results of correlation analysis show that the concentration of nitrogen and phosphorus correlate significantly with TOC, ORP, root biomass and counts of nitrifying bacteria. Most nutrients altered much from 20 to 40 cm along the depth. However, DON changed more between 60 and 80 cm. Results show that soil of 0-60 cm depth is active rhizoplane, with strong capability to remove the nitrogen and phosphorus in ATE. It may suggest that there exists the optimum ecological efficiency in the depth of above 60 cm in reed wetland. This will be very significant for ecological restoration and reestablishment.

关键词： aquatic-terrestrial ecotone (ATE) soil percolate vertical and temporal distribution coefficient of variation ecological efficiency

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2D-π-A Type Organic Dyes Based on N,N-Dimethylaryl Amine and Rhodamine-3-acetic Acid for Dye-sensitized Solar Cells

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Chinese Journal of Chemistry 2011年第1期29卷 89-96页

作者： Tang, Kai Liang, Mao Liu, Yongkang Sun, zhe Xue, song Department of Chemistry University of Science and Technology of China Hefei Anhui 230026 China Department of Applied Chemistry Tianjin University of Technology Tianjin 300384 China

Three organic dyes XS17--19 based on N,N-dimethylaryl amine and rhodamine-3-acetic acid moieties are designed and synthesized. These dyes were applied into nanocrystalline TiOa dye-sensitized solar cells through standard operations, showing strong absorption bands at around 320--650 rim, and exhibiting broad IPCE responses. Cell based on XS17 gave a Jsc of 3.7 mA/cm2, an open circuit voltage of 550 mV, and a fill factor of 0.68, corresponding to an overall conversion efficiency of 1.4%. The low overall conversion efficiency is due to the modest IPCE and Voc values, which mainly stem from the acceptor of rhodanine-3-acetic acid.

关键词： dye-sensitized solar cell photovoltaic N,N-dimethylaryl amine organic dyes

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Characterization of odorous charge and photochemical reactivity of VOC emissions from a full-scale food waste treatment plant in China

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2015年第3期27卷 34-44页

作者： zhe Ni Jianguo Liu Mingying song Xiaowei Wang Lianhai Ren Xin Kong School of Environment Tsinghua University Key Laboratory for Solid Waste Management and Environment Safety Ministry of Education School of Food and Chemical Engineering Beijing Technology and Business University

Food waste treatment plants （FWTPs） are usually associated with odorous nuisance and health risks, which are partially caused by volatile organic compound （VOC） emissions. This study investigated the VOC emissions from a selected full-scale FWTP in China. The feedstock used in this plant was mainly collected from local restaurants. For a year, the FWTP was closely monitored on specific days in each season. Four major indoor treatment units of the plant, including the storage room, sorting/crushing room, hydrothermal hydrolysis unit, and aerobic fermentation unit, were chosen as the monitoring locations. The highest mean concentration of total VOC emissions was observed in the aerobic fermentation unit at 21,748.2-31,283.3 μg/m^3, followed by the hydrothermal hydrolysis unit at 10,798.1-23,144.4 μg/m^3. The detected VOC families included biogenic compounds （oxygenated compounds, hydrocarbons, terpenes, and organosulfur compounds） and abiogenic compounds （aromatic hydrocarbons and halocarbons）. Oxygenated compounds, particularly alcohols, were the most abundant compounds in all samples. With the use of odor index analysis and principal components analysis, the hydrothermal hydrolysis and aerobic fermentation units were clearly distinguished from the pre-treatment units, as characterized by their higher contributions to odorous nuisance. Methanthiol was the dominant odorant in the hydrothermal hydrolysis unit, whereas aldehyde was the dominant odorant in the aerobic fermentation unit. Terpenes, specifically limonene, had the highest level of propylene equivalent concentration during the monitoring periods. This concentration can contribute to the increase in the atmospheric reactivity and ozone formation potential in the surrounding air.

关键词： Food waste treatment plant In-situ monitoring VOC emissions Odorous charge Photochemical reactivity

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Seed dormancy and germination characteristics of two Rheum species in the Himalaya-Hengduan Mountains

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Plant Diversity 2017年第4期39卷 180-186页

作者： Deli Peng zhe Chen Xiaojian Hu Zhimin Li Bo song Hang Sun Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia Kunming Institute of Botany Chinese Academy of Sciences Kunming 650201 Yunnan China School of Life Science Yunnan Normal University Kunming 650500 Yunnan China Germplasm Bank of Wild Species in Southwest China Kunming Institute of Botany Chinese Academy of Sciences Kunming 650201 Yunnan China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Belting 100049 China

Seed dormancy and germination characteristics are important factors determining plant reproductive success, and may be expected to have a major influence on plant distribution. In this study, we aimed to explore the characteristics of seed dormancy and germination in two endemic Rheum species(Rheum nobile and Rheum alexandrae) in the Himalaya-Hengduan Mountains. To determine the type of dormancy,fresh seeds of the two species(one population each) were incubated in light at 25/15 and 15/5℃, and then dry after-ripening(DAR) seeds were incubated on water agar substrate with or without GA_3. To determine the effect of temperature and light on germination, DAR seeds of the two species(two populations each) were incubated both in the light and in the dark at several temperatures, including constant and alternating temperatures. Base temperature(T_b) and thermal times for 50% germination(θ_(50)) were calculated. DAR released physiological dormancy(PD), increasing final germination at 15/5℃ and widening the range of germination temperatures from higher to lower, indicative of type 2 non-deep PD for the two Rheum species. Light had no significant effect on germination of seeds from the two species(two populations each). Seeds of the two species germinated significantly better(>80%) at medium temperatures(10-25℃) than at extreme low(5℃) or high(35℃) temperatures. Alternating temperatures(25/15 and 15/5℃) did not significantly increase the final germination of the two species either in the light and in the dark, but it promoted seed germination more quickly than corresponding constant temperatures in the light in both Rh. alexandrae populations, especially at 15/5℃. Germination in response to temperature was well described by the thermal-time model at suboptimal temperatures. The estimated Tbvalues were 1 and 0.9℃, respectively, in two Rh. nobile populations; 4 and 4.1℃,respectively, in two Rh. alexandrae populations; θ_(50)(thermal time) were 100 and 125℃d, respectively in tw

关键词： Germination Light Rheum alexandrae Rheum nobile Dormancy Temperature

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Effects of wildfire on soil respiration and its heterotrophic and autotrophic components in a montane coniferous forest

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2019年第2期12卷 336-345页

作者： Jian song zhen Liu Yuan Zhang Tao Yan Zehao Shen Shilong piao College of Life Science Hebei UniversityBaoding 071000HebeiChina Sino-French Institute for Earth System Science College of Urban and Environmental SciencesPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China Key Laboratory of Alpine Ecology and Biodiversity Institute of Tibetan Plateau ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China Center for Excellence in Tibetan Earth Science Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China

Aims Episodic wildfires are expected to occur more frequently under future climate change scenarios,with substantial effects on CO_(2) exchange between terrestrial ecosystems and the *** study examined the effects of wildfire on soil respiration(R_(S))and its heterotrophic(R_(H))and autotrophic(R_(A))components,as well as their temperature responses(temperature sensitivity,Q_(10)).Methods We began this study in January 2014,8 months after a wildfire,in a montane coniferous forest in southwestern China.A trenching method was used to exclude plant roots and quantify R_(H).R_(A) was calculated by subtracting R_(H) from R_(S).Important findings From 2014 to 2015,the wildfire significantly reduced R_(S),R_(H) and R_(A) by 61.3%,42.5%and 84.0%,respectively,leading to increases in the ratio of R_(H) to R_(S),from 0.63 in the unburned stand to 0.85 in the burned *** diurnal differences,the wildfire did not affect the Q_(10) of R_(S) or R_(H),but substantially decreased the Q_(10) of R_(A),from 2.62 in the unburned stand to 2.08 in the burned ***,the daytime Q_(10) of R_(S) and R_(H) was suppressed follow-ing the wildfire by 25.1%and 28.8%,respectively,primarily due to increased daytime soil *** the montane coniferous for-est,monthly precipitation but not soil temperature drove seasonal dynamics of soil CO_(2) *** findings help to clarify the mech-anisms underlying carbon cycling responses to natural disturbance,especially under a warmer future climate.

关键词： carbon cycling climate change forest management natural hazards subtropical forests temperature sensitivity

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Morphology Engineering for Covalent Organic Frameworks (COFs) by Surfactant Mediation and Acid Adjustment

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2022年第4期40卷 338-344页

作者： Guang-Hui Yang zhe Zhang Cong-Cong Yin Xian-song Shi Yong Wang State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering College of Chemical EngineeringNanjing Tech UniversityNanjing 211816China

Two-dimensional covalent organic frameworks(COFs)with specific morphologies including nanofibers and nanoplates are highly desired in both nanoscience research and practical *** far,however,morphology engineering for COFs remains challenging because the mechanism underlying the morphology formation and evolution of COFs is not well ***,we propose a strategy of surfactant mediation coupled with acid adjustment to engineer the morphology of aβ-ketoenamine-linked COF,TpPa,during solvothermal *** surfactants function as stabilizers that can encapsulate monomers and prepolymers to create micelles,enabling the formation of fiber-like and plate-like morphologies of TpPa rather than irregularly shaped *** is also found that acetic acid is important in regulating such morphologies,as the amino groups inside the prepolymers can be precisely protonated by acid adjustment,leading to an inhibited ripening process for the creation of specific *** from the synergistic enhancement of surfactant mediation and acid adjustment,TpPa nanofibers with a diameter down to~20 nm along with a length of up to a few microns and TpPa nanoplates with a thickness of~18 nm are *** work sheds light on the mechanism underlying the morphology formation and evolution of TpPa,providing some guidance for exquisite control over the growth of COFs,which is of great significance for their practical applications.

关键词： Covalent organic frameworks(COFs) Morphology engineering Surfactants Nanofibers Nanoplates

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Surface micromorphology and nanostructures evolution in hybrid laser processes of slicing and polishing single crystal 4H-SiC

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2024年第17期184卷 235-244页

作者： Yuhang Li zhe Zhang Qi song Haiyan Shi Yu Hou song Yue Ran Wang Shunshuo Cai Zichen Zhang Microelectronics Instruments and Equipment R&D Center Institute of MicroelectronicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China International Research Centre for Nano Handling and Manufacturing of China Changchun University of Science and TechnologyChangchun 130022China

Slicing and post-treatment of SiC crystals have been a significant challenge in the integrated circuit and microelectronics *** compete with wire-sawing and mechanical grinding technology,a promis-ing approach combining laser slicing and laser polishing technologies has been innovatively applied to increase utilization and decrease damage defects for single crystal *** material utiliza-tion has been achieved in the hybrid laser processes,where material loss is reduced by 75%compared to that of conventional machining *** any special process control or additional treat-ment,an internally modified layer formed by laser slicing can easily separate the 4H-SiC crystals using an external force of about∼3.6 *** modified layer has been characterized using a micro-Raman method to determine residual *** sliced surface exhibits a combination of smooth and coarse appearances around the fluvial morphology,with an average surface roughness of over S_(a) 0.89μ*** amorphous phase surrounds the SiC substrate,with two dimensions of lattice spacing,d=0.261 nm and d=0.265 nm,confirmed by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy(HRTEM).The creation of laser-induced periodic surface nanostructures in the laser-polished surface results in a flatter surface with an average roughness of less than S_(a) 0.22μ*** to the extreme cooling rates and multiple thermal cy-cles,dissociation of Si-C bonding,and phase separation are identified on the laser-polished surface,which is much better than that of the machining *** anticipate that this approach will be applicable to other high-value crystals and will have promising viability in the aerospace and semiconductor industries.

关键词： Laser polishing Silicon carbide Internal modification Laser slicing Surface quality Microstructure

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Application of Muskingum routing method with variable parameters in ungauged basin

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Water Science and Engineering 2011年第1期4卷 1-12页

作者： Xiao-meng song Fan-zhe KONG Zhao-xia ZHU School of Resource and Earth Science China University of Mining and Technology Xuzhou 221116 P. R. China Graduate School China University of Mining and Technology Xuzhou 221008 P. R. China Department of Resources and Survey Engineering Chongqing Vocational Institute of Engineering Chongqing 400037 B R. China

This paper describes a flood routing method applied in an ungauged basin, utilizing the Muskingum model with variable parameters of wave travel time K and weight coefficient of discharge x based on the physical characteristics of the river reach and flood, including the reach slope, length, width, and flood discharge. Three formulas for estimating parameters of wide rectangular, triangular, and parabolic cross sections are proposed. The influence of the flood on channel flow routing parameters is taken into account. The HEC-HMS hydrological model and the geospatial hydrologic analysis module HEC-GeoHMS were used to extract channel or watershed characteristics and to divide sub-basins. In addition, the initial and constant-rate method, user synthetic unit hydrograph method, and exponential recession method were used to estimate runoff volumes, the direct runoff hydrograph, and the baseflow hydrograph, respectively. The Muskingum model with variable parameters was then applied in the Louzigou Basin in Henan Province of China, and of the results, the percentages of flood events with a relative error of peak discharge less than 20% and runoff volume less than 10% are both 100%. They also show that the percentages of flood events with coefficients of determination greater than 0.8 are 83.33%, 91.67%, and 87.5%, respectively, for rectangular, triangular, and parabolic cross sections in 24 flood events. Therefore, this method is applicable to ungauged basins.

关键词： Muskingum model," flood routing." variable parameters ungauged basin HEC-HMS

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