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Yield of testing for micronutrient deficiencies associated with pancreatic exocrine insufficiency in a clinical setting: An observational study

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2021年第36期9卷 11320-11329页

作者： Mustafa Jalal Jennifer Anne Campbell solomon tesfaye Ahmed Al-Mukhtar Andrew Derek Hopper Academic Department of Gastroenterology Sheffield Teaching HospitalsSheffield S102JFUnited Kingdom Department of Infection Immunology and Cardiovascular diseaseUniversity of SheffieldSheffield S102TNUnited Kingdom Academic Unit of Diabetes and Endocrinology Sheffield Teaching HospitalsSheffield S102JFUnited Kingdom Department of Surgery Sheffield Teaching HospitalsSheffield S102JFUnited Kingdom

BACKGROUND Pancreatic exocrine insufficiency(PEI)can be difficult to diagnose and causes maldigestion symptoms and *** has been a number of studies that have identified PEI associated micronutrient deficiencies(PEI-MD),however there is variation in both the frequency and type of PEI-MD reported,with the majority of studies including patients with PEI due to chronic pancreatitis(CP)or CP without *** is a paucity of information regarding the prevalence of PEIMD in patients with PEI without CP and the yield of testing for PEI-MD in a clinical setting in patients with suspected benign pancreatic *** To prospectively assess the yield and type of PEI–MD in patients with and without PEI secondary to benign pancreatic *** Patients investigated for maldigestion symptoms with Faecal Elastase-1(FEL-1)and suspected or proven benign pancreatic disease were prospectively *** the time of FEL-1 testing,serum samples were taken for micronutrients identified by previous studies as PEI-MD:prealbumin,retinol binding protein,copper,zinc,selenium,magnesium and later in the study lipid adjusted vitamin ***-1 was recorded,with a result<200μg/g considered diagnostic of *** underwent computed tomography(CT)imaging when there was a clinical suspicion of CP,a new diagnosis of PEI recurrent,pancreatic type pain(epigastric abdominal pain radiating to back with or without previous acute pancreatitis attacks)or weight *** After exclusions,112 patients were recruited that underwent testing for FEL-1 and *** was identified in 41/112(36.6%)patients and a pancreatic CT was performed in 82 *** a PEI-MD was identified in 21/112(18.8%)*** yield of PEI-MD was 17/41(41.5%)if PEI was present which was significantly higher than those without 4/71(5.6%)(P=0.0001).The yield of PEI–MD was significantly higher when PEI and CP were seen together 13/22(59.1%)compared to CP without PEI and PEI without CP(P<0.03).In

关键词： Pancreatic exocrine insufficiency Chronic pancreatitis Micronutrient Malnutrition Malabsorption Nutritional markers

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Apicoplast Biosynthetic Pathways as Possible Targetsfor Combination Therapy of Malaria

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Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology 2015年第3期3卷 101-115页

作者： solomon tesfaye Bhanu Prakash Prati Pal Singh Center of Infectious Diseases Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education andResearch India

The emergence of malaria parasite strains resistant to practically all the antimalarial drugs in clinical use is now making itnecessary to discover and develop both new antimalarial drugs and treatments. Recent advances in molecular techniques along withthe availability of genome sequence ofPlasmodiumfalciparum may provide a wide range of novel targets in metabolic pathways likeisoprenoid biosynthesis, fatty acid biosynthesis and heme biosynthesis in the apicoplast of Plasmodiurn. On the other hand, thecombination therapy approach （currently used to retard the selection of parasite strains resistant to individual components of acombination of drugs） has proved to be a success in the combination of sulphadoxine and pyrimethamine, which targets two differentsteps in the folate pathway of malaria parasite. However, after the success of this therapeutic combination, the efficacy of othercombinations of drugs which target different enzymes in a particular metabolic pathway has, apparently, not been reported. Therefore,herein, we review various drug targets so far discovered in apicoplast-related anabolic pathways, especially, with a sharper focus onthe possibility to target more than one enzyme at a time in a particular metabolic pathway of malaria parasites.

关键词： Apicoplast, combination therapy, fatty acid, isoprenoid, malaria, Plasmodiumfalciparum.

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糖尿病神经病变

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国际内科双语杂志（中英文） 2007年第1期7卷 1-4,34-37页

作者： solomon tesfaye 许建萍（译）肖新华（校）英国谢菲尔德皇家Hallamshire医院的内科和糖尿病顾问医师不详

流行病学和危险因素糖尿病多神经病变是糖尿病的一个最常见并发症，也是发达国家最常见的神经病变形式。糖尿病多神经病变不是一个独立的疾病，它包括几种神经病变的综合征，最常见的是对称性末梢神经病变（也叫做周围神经病变或糖尿病... 详细信息

流行病学和危险因素糖尿病多神经病变是糖尿病的一个最常见并发症，也是发达国家最常见的神经病变形式。糖尿病多神经病变不是一个独立的疾病，它包括几种神经病变的综合征，最常见的是对称性末梢神经病变（也叫做周围神经病变或糖尿病神经病变）。几项临床和流行病学研究均显示有相同的糖尿病周围神经病变发病率（约30％的糖尿病患者）。患糖尿病25年后，约50％的1型和2型患者出现糖尿病周围神经病变。男女发病率相同。最近的流行病学研究表明，糖尿病神经病变的相关因素包括高龄、病程过长、血糖控制不良、高血压、吸烟、肥胖和高血脂。

关键词：糖尿病神经病变糖尿病周围神经病变流行病学末梢神经病变血糖控制不良常见并发症危险因素发达国家

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下消化道症状与1型糖尿病患者血糖控制差和生活质量差相关

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英国医学杂志中文版 2018年第9期21卷 537-537页

作者：宋艳宁(译) 巩纯秀(校) 北京儿童医院

目的：在1型糖尿病患者中，下消化道症状不常出现，而且血糖控制和生活质量对其影响尚不清楚。本研究的目的是确定血糖控制和生活质量对下消化道症状患病率的影响，并研究其潜在的病因。研究设计和方法：次级治疗的前瞻性队列研究。1型... 详细信息

目的：在1型糖尿病患者中，下消化道症状不常出现，而且血糖控制和生活质量对其影响尚不清楚。本研究的目的是确定血糖控制和生活质量对下消化道症状患病率的影响，并研究其潜在的病因。研究设计和方法：次级治疗的前瞻性队列研究。1型糖尿病患者完成胃肠症状问卷，并填写36份V．2生活质量调查表，并进行血红蛋白Alc测定。腹泻患者按国家指南进行重新评估和调查。对照组为非糖尿病患者，比较消化道症状患病率和生活质量评分。

关键词：糖尿病症状胃肠类型控制质量生活

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Woody species composition,structure and environmental determinants in a moist evergreen Afromontane forest,southern Ethiopia

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Journal of Forestry Research 2020年第4期31卷 1173-1186页

作者： Befkadu Mewded Mesele Negash tesfaye Awas Forest and Range Land Plants Diversity Directorate Ethiopian Biodiversity InstituteP.O.Box:30726Addis AbabaEthiopia Wondo Genet College of Forestry and Natural Resources Hawassa UniversityP.O.Box:123ShashemeneEthiopia

Ethiopian moist evergreen Afromontane forests are vital for the conservation of plant diversity,including genetic pools of Coffea arabica ***,these forests are continuously shrinking and need empirical scientific studies for their effective conservation and sustainable *** study was,therefore,conducted to assess woody species composition,diversity,endemicity,structure,plant communities,and environmental determinants in Sirso moist evergreen Afromontane forest of southern *** variables such as altitude,slope,aspect,disturbance levels,and geographical location were recorded for each main *** structure and importance value index(IVI),diversity,vegetation classification,and correlation with environmental factors were analyzed.A total of 74 woody species representing 70 genera and 34 families were *** species were *** glutinosa *** *** and Prunus africana(Hook.f.)*** species categorized as vulnerable according to the IUCN red list *** highest number of species was recorded for the Rubiaceae family(8),followed by Euphorbiaceae(6),and Asteraceae(6).Five plant communities were identified:Maesa lanceolata-Dombeya torrida,Galiniera saxifraga-Cyathea manniana,Vepris dainellii-Triumfetta tomentosa,Dracaena fragrans-Rytigynia neglecta,and Arundinaria *** distribution of these communities depends on altitude,slope,and disturbance *** guineense(Wild.)DC.,Schefflera abyssinica(*** ***.)Harms,and Galiniera saxifraga(Hochst.)Bridson were species with the highest IVI,while ***,Cordia africana Lam.,Hagenia abyssinica(Bruce)***,Bridelia micrantha(Hochst.)Baill.,and *** had the *** structure of woody species showed an inverted J-shape,a J-shape,a bell-shape,and an irregular shaped *** latter three population structure revealed signs of disturbances,and were negatively correlated with altitude and *** study sh

关键词： Endemicity Plant community Population recruitment Regeneration status

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Variation in seed traits and seedling vigour of Cordia africana *** in Ethiopia

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Journal of Forestry Research 2017年第5期28卷 925-934页

作者： Abayneh Derero Genene tesfaye Zewdie Woldemariam Ethiopian Environment and Forest Research Institute

Cordia africana is a very important indigenous tree species for timber and other products and services in Ethiopia. Seed traits and seedling vigour of seeds from 12 provenances of the species were compared. Mean seed mass for each provenance was assessed for 1000 seeds in 10 replications, and seed length and width were measured for 100 seeds in four replications per provenance. Germination was assessed in a glasshouse taking 400 seeds from each provenance. Root collar diameter and height of 440 seedlings grown in a nursery for 290 days in Addis Ababa were measured. Seed length, seed width, seed mass, and shoot height and root collar diameter of seedlings showed significant differences (P < 0.001) among provenances. Correlation analysis between seed and seedling traits and environmental variables revealed significant positive correlations between seed width and germination percentage, seed width and altitude, seed width and longitude and seed length and latitude. Negative correlations were obtained between seed width and temperature, seed width and rainfall, seed mass and temperature, and germination and temperature of the seed source. As expected, differences in seed trait did not explain the variability in seedling vigour. Determining quantitative variations in seed traits and seedling vigour among provenances and the patterns along environmental gradients are essential for informing decisions on the tree improvement programme of the species.

关键词： Clinal Correlation Environmental gradient Improvement Quantitative

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Combining machine learning,space-time cloud restoration and phenology for farm-level wheat yield prediction

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Artificial Intelligence in Agriculture 2021年第1期5卷 208-222页

作者： Andualem Aklilu tesfaye Daniel Osgood Berhane Gessesse Aweke Department of Remote sensing at Ethiopian Space Science and Technology Institute Addis Ababa UniversityEthiopia International Research Institute for Climate and Society Earth InstituteColumbia UniversityUnited States of America Department head of the remote sensing unit at Ethiopian Space Science and Technology Institute Addis Ababa UniversityEthiopia

Though studies showed the potential of high-resolution optical sensors for crop yield prediction,several factors have limited their wider *** main factors are obstruction of cloud,identification of phenology,demand for high computing infrastructure and the complexity of statistical *** this research,we created a novel approach by combining four ***,we implemented the cloud restoration algorithm called gapfill to restore missed Normalized Difference Vegetation Index(NDVI)values derived from Sentinel-2 sensor(S2)due to cloud ***,we created square tiles as a solution for high computing infrastructure demand due to the use of high-resolution ***,we implemented gapfill following critical crop phenology ***,observations from restored images combined with original(from cloud-free images)values and applied for winter wheat *** applied seven base machine learning as well as two groups of super learning *** study successfully applied gapfill on high-resolution image to get good quality estimates for cloudy ***,yield prediction accuracy increased due to the incorporation of restored values in the regression *** models such as Generalized Linear Regression(GLM)and Random Forest(RF)showed improved capacity compared to other base and ensemble *** two models revealed RMSE of 0.001 t/ha and 0.136 t/ha on the holdout *** twomodels also revealed consistent and better performance using scatter plot analysis across three *** approach developed is useful to predict wheat yield at field scale,which is a rarely available but vital in many developmental projects,using optical sensors.

关键词： Cloud restoration Ensemble learning Machine learning Phenology Sentinel-2 Wheat yield prediction

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Estimating landscape susceptibility to soil erosion using a GIS-based approach in Northern Ethiopia

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International Soil and Water Conservation Research 2017年第3期5卷 221-230页

作者： Lulseged Tamene Zenebe Adimassu Ermias Aynekulu tesfaye Yaekob International Center for Tropical Agriculture(CIAT) Chitedze Agricultural Research StationP.O.Box 158LilongweMalawi International Water Management Institute(IWMI) PO.Box 5689Addis AbabaEthiopia Agroforestry Center UN AvenueGigiriNairobiKenya Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research(EIAR) P.O.Box 2003Addis AbabaEthiopia

Soil erosion is a very critical form of land degradation resulting in the loss of soil nutrients and downstream sedimentation of water storages in the highlands of *** it is technically and financially impossible to conserve all landscapes affected by erosion,identification of priority areas of intervention is *** distributed erosion models can help map landscape susceptibility to erosion and identify high erosion risk *** of erosion models with geographic information systems(GIS)enables assessing evaluate the spatial variability of soil erosion and plan implementing conservation measures at landscape *** this study,the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation adjusted for sediment delivery ratio was used in a GIS system to assess landscape sensitivity to erosion and identify *** approach was applied in three catchments with size being 10–20 km^(2) and results were compared against quantitative and semi-quantitative *** model estimated mean soil loss rates of about 45 t ha^(−1) y^(−1) with an average variability of 30%between *** estimated soil loss rate is above the tolerable limit of 10 t ha^(−1) y^(−1).The model predicted high soil loss rates at steep slopes and shoulder positions as well as along *** results of the study demonstrate that knowledge of spatial patterns of high soil loss risk areas can help deploy site-specific conservation measures.

关键词： Revised universal soil loss equation Sediment delivery ratio Hot-spot areas Watershed Sediment deposition

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Direct Shear and Unconfined Compressive Behavior of Cement-clay Mixed by Lime and Nano-materials

Direct Shear and Unconfined Compressive Behavior of Cement-c...

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作者： Henok tesfaye 绍兴文理学院

学位级别：硕士

沿海地区去的软土由于含水率大和强度低,难以满足工程对地基承载能力的要求。水泥土作为一种常用的地基处理方式,但其在仍然难以在强度和变形方面很好地满足岩土工程的要求。迫切需要新的地基处理方式。本文采用石灰和纳米氧化钛作为添... 详细信息

沿海地区去的软土由于含水率大和强度低,难以满足工程对地基承载能力的要求。水泥土作为一种常用的地基处理方式,但其在仍然难以在强度和变形方面很好地满足岩土工程的要求。迫切需要新的地基处理方式。本文采用石灰和纳米氧化钛作为添加材料对传统是泥土进行改性。试样分为水泥土(SC)、石灰改性水泥土(SCL)、石灰和纳米二氧化钛复合改性水泥土(SCLT)等三类。考虑了7天、14天、28天共3个养护龄期。采用直剪试验和无侧限试验两种试验方法。实验结果表明,石灰和纳米氧化钛能够很好地对水泥土的力学性能进行改良。试样的抗压强度和剪切强度均随着养护龄期的增长而增加。石灰和纳米材料是沿海地区改性水泥土的一个有效方式

关键词：水泥土纳米材料无侧限抗压强度剪切强度

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Preservation of nucleic acids by freeze-drying for next generation sequencing analyses of soil microbial communities

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2017年第1期10卷 81-90页

作者： Christina Weißbecker François Buscot tesfaye Wubet Department of Soil Ecology UFZ—Helmholtz Centre for Environmental ResearchTheodor-Lieser-Straße 406120 Halle(Saale)Germany Institute of Biology University of LeipzigJohannis-Allee 3-504103 LeipzigGermany German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research(iDiv)Jena-Halle-Leipzig Deutscher Platz 5e04103 LeipzigGermany

Aims Soil sample preservation is a challenging aspect in molecular studies on soil microbial *** demands for specialized sample storage equipment,chemicals and standardized protocols for nucleic acid extraction often require sample processing in a home laboratory that can be continents apart from sampling *** sampling procedures,especially when dealing with RNA,comprise immediate snap freezing of soils in liquid nitrogen and storage at−80℃until further *** these instances,organizing a reliable cooling chain to transport hundreds of soil samples between continents is very costly,if possible at *** this study we tested the effect of soil sample preservation by freeze-drying with subsequent short-term storage at 4℃or ambient temperatures compared to−80℃freezing by comparative barcoding analyses of soil microbial *** Two grassland soil samples were collected in Central Germany in the Biodiversity Exploratory Hainich-Dü*** were freeze-dried or stored at−80℃as ***-dried samples were stored at 4℃or ambient *** storage times for both storage temperatures were 1 and 7 *** DNA and RNA were extracted and bacterial and arbuscular mycorrhizal(AM)fungal communities were analyzed by amplicon 454 pyrosequencing of the 16S(V4-V5 variable region)and 18S(NS31-AM1 fragment)of ribosomal RNA(rRNA)marker genes,*** Findings Bacterial communities were sufficiently well preserved at the rDNA and rRNA level although storage effects showed as slightly decreased alpha diversity indices for the prolonged storage of freeze-dried samples for 7 *** fungal communities could be studied without significant changes at the rDNA and rRNA *** results suggest that proper sampling design followed by immediate freeze-drying of soil samples enables short-term transportation of soil samples across continents.

关键词： lyophilization soil preservation biodiversity microbial communities

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