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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2024年第2期37卷 81-92页

作者： Mikhail PETROV sofia ZIMINA Moscow Institute of Physics&Technology Dolgoprudny 141701Russia

When carrying out calculations for turbulent flow simulation,one inevitably has to face the choice between accuracy and speed of *** order to simultaneously obtain both a computationally efficient and more accurate model,a surrogate model can be built on the basis of some fast special model and knowledge of previous calculations obtained by more accurate base models from various test bases or some results of serial *** objective of this work is to construct a surrogate model which allows to improve the accuracy of turbulent calculations obtained by a special model on unstructured *** this purpose,we use 1D Convolutional Neural Network(CNN)of the encoder-decoder architecture and reduce the problem to a single dimension by applying space-filling *** an approach would have the benefit of being applicable to solutions obtained on unstructured *** this work,a non-local approach is applied where entire flow fields obtained by the special and base models are used as input and ground truth output ***-Allmaras(SA)model and Near-wall Domain Decomposition(NDD)method for SA are taken as the base and special models *** efficiency and accuracy of the obtained surrogate model are demonstrated in a case of supersonic flow over a compression corner with different values for angleαand Reynolds number *** conducted an investigation into interpolation and extrapolation by Re and also into interpolation byα.

关键词： Space-filling curves Convolutional neural network Domain decomposition Turbulent flows Unstructured mesh

Overcoming geographical and socioeconomic limitations in colorectal cancer screening

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2024年第5期16卷 1683-1689页

作者： sofia Rozani Panagis M Lykoudis School of Medicine National and Kapodistrian University of AthensAthens 11527Greece Division of Surgery and Interventional Science University College LondonLondon WC1E 6BTUnited Kingdom

Despite colorectal cancer’s(CRC)high global incidence,residents of low-and middle-income countries,as well as low-income minorities in advanced economies have low screening *** studies demonstrate that in these groups higher incidence of CRC is observed,yet screening rates remain low for consistent *** income,low educational background,and lack of awareness in combination with inadequate social security of certain population groups impede access and compliance rates to CRC *** the other hand,despite the global availability of multiple screening approaches(colonoscopy,sigmoidoscopy,faecal occult blood test,faecal immunochemical test,computed tomography-colonography,etc.)with proven diagnostic validity,many low-income countries still lack established screening *** absence of screening guidelines in these countries along with the heterogeneity of guidelines in the rest of the world,demonstrate the need for global measures to tackle this issue *** essential step forward is to develop a global approach that will link specific elements of screening with the incidence and available resources in each country,to ensure the achievement of at least a minimum screening program in low-income *** cheaper,cost-effective techniques,which can be carried out by less specialized healthcare providers,might not be equivalent to endoscopy for CRC screening but seems more realistic for areas with fewer *** has been highlighted as the most pivotal element for the effective implementation of any screening program concerning ***,multiple studies have demonstrated that outreach strategies and community-based educational programs are associated with encouraging outcomes,yet a centrally coordinated expansion of these programs could provide more consistent ***,patient navigator programs,wherever implemented,have increased CRC screening and improved ***,global coordin

关键词： Colorectal cancer Screening Low-and middle-income countries Socioeconomic disparities Cancer

Design multifunctional Mg–Zr coatings regulating Mg alloy bioabsorption

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2024年第4期12卷 1461-1478页

作者： Zohra Benzarti Sandesh Itani JoséDavid Castro Sandra Carvalho Ana sofia Ramos University of Coimbra CEMMPREARISEDepartment of Mechanical EngineeringRua Luís Reis Santos3030-788CoimbraPortugal Laboratory of Multifunctional Materials and Applications(LaMMA) Department of PhysicsFaculty of Sciences of SfaxUniversity of SfaxSoukra Road km 3.5B.P.1171Sfax3000Tunisia

Magnesium(Mg)alloys are widely used for temporary bone implants due to their favorable biodegradability,cytocompatibility,hemocompatibility,and close mechanical properties to ***,rapid degradation and inadequate strength limit their *** overcome this,the direct current magnetron sputtering technique is employed for surface coating in Mg-based alloys using various zirconium(Zr)*** approach presents a promising strategy for simultaneously improving corrosion resistance,maintaining biocompatibility,and enhancing strength without compromising *** leveraging Mg’s inherent biodegradability,it has the potential to minimize the need for secondary surgeries,thereby reducing costs and *** paper is a systematic study aimed at understanding the corrosion mechanisms of Mg–Zr coatings,denoted Mg-xZr(x=0–5 at.%).Zr-doped coatings exhibited columnar growth leading to denser and refined structures with increasing Zr *** analysis confirmed the presence of the Mg(00.2)basal plane,shifting towards higher angles(1.15°)with 5 at.%Zr doping due to lattice parameter changes(i.e.,decrease and increase of“c”and“a”lattice parameters,respectively).Mg–Zr coatings exhibited“liquidphilic”behavior,while Young’s modulus retained a steady value around 80 GPa across all ***,the hardness has significantly improved across all samples’coating,reaching the highest value of(2.2±0.3)GPa for 5 at.%*** testing in simulated body fluid(SBF)at 37℃ revealed a significant enhancement in corrosion resistance for Mg–Zr coatings containing 1.0–3.4 at.%*** with the 5 at.%Zr coating which exhibited a corrosion rate of 32 mm/year,these coatings displayed lower corrosion rates,ranging from 1 to 12 mm/*** synergistic enhancement in mechanical properties and corrosion resistance,achieved with 2.0–3.4 at.%Zr,suggests potential ability for reducing stress shielding and controlled degradation performance,and consequentl

关键词： Mg-Zr coatings Magnetron sputtering Nanoindentation Corrosion resistance Bone implants

Application of a simplified ADM1 for full-scale anaerobic co-digestion of cattle slurry and grass silage:assessment of input variability

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2024年第4期18卷 125-139页

作者： sofia Tisocco Sören Weinrich Gary Lyons Michael Wills Xinmin Zhan Paul Crosson Civil Engineering College of Science and EngineeringUniversity of GalwayGalwayH91 TK33Ireland Teagasc Animal and Bioscience Research Department Animal and Grassland Research and Innovation CentreDunsanyC15 PW93Ireland Biochemical Conversion Department Deutsches Biomasseforschungszentrum gemeinnützige GmbHLeipzig 04347Germany Faculty of Energy·Building Services·Environmental Engineering Münster University of Applied SciencesSteinfurt 48565Germany Agri-Food and Biosciences Institute HillsboroughBT266DRUK Ryan Institute University of GalwayGalwayH91 TK33Ireland MaREI Research Centre for Energy Climate and MarineRyan InstituteUniversity of GalwayGalwayH91 TK33Ireland

Mathematical modeling of anaerobic digestion is a powerful tool to predict gas yields and optimize the *** Anaerobic Digestion Model No.1(ADM1)is a widely implemented model for this ***,modeling full-scale biogas plants is challenging due to the extensive substrate and parameter characterization *** study describes the modification of the ADM1 through a simplification of individual process phases,characteristic components and required ***,the ability of the simplified model to simulate the co-digestion of grass silage and cattle slurry was evaluated using data from a full-scale biogas *** impacts of substrate composition(crude carbohydrate,protein and lipid concentration)and variability of carbohydrate degradability on simulation results were assessed to identify the most influential *** indicated that the simplified version was able to depict biogas and biomethane production with average model efficiencies,according to the Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency(NSE)coefficient,of 0.70 and 0.67,respectively,and was comparable to the original ADM1(average model efficiencies of 0.71 and 0.63,respectively).The variability of crude carbohydrate,protein and lipid concentration did not significantly impact biogas and biomethane output for the data sets *** contrast,carbohydrate degradability seemed to explain much more of the variability in the biogas and methane ***,the application of simplified models provides a reliable basis for the process simulation and optimization of full-scale agricultural biogas plants.

关键词： ADM1 Agricultural feedstocks Biogas technology Input variability Parameter estimation

Downstaging strategies for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第20期30卷 2731-2733页

作者： Georgia sofia Karachaliou Nikolaos Dimitrokallis Dimitrios P Moris Division of Gastroenterology Department of MedicineDuke University Medical CenterDurhamNC 27710United States First Department of Surgery&Organ Transplant Unit Evangelismos General HospitalAthens 10676Greece Department of Surgery Duke University Medical CenterDurhamNC 27710United States

A significant number of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)are usually diagnosed in advanced stages,that leads to inability to achieve *** options are focusing on downstaging a locally advanced *** is wellsupported in the literature that patients with HCC who undergo successful conversion therapy followed by curative-intent surgery may achieve a significant survival benefit compared to those who receive chemotherapy alone or those who are successfully downstaged with conversion therapy but not treated with *** artery infusion chemotherapy can be a potential downstaging strategy,since recent studies have demonstrated excellent outcomes in patients with colorectal liver metastatic disease as well as primary liver malignancies.

关键词： Unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma Hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy Downstaging Hepatocellular carcinoma

Integration of multiple flexible electrodes for realtime detection of barrier formation with spatial resolution in a gut-on-chip system

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2024年第1期10卷 105-114页

作者： Mara Lucchetti Gabriel Werr sofia Johansson Laurent Barbe Léa Grandmougin Paul Wilmes Maria Tenje Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine(LCSB) University of LuxembourgEsch-sur-Alzette L-4362Luxembourg Division of Biomedical Engineering Department of Materials Science and EngineeringScience for Life LaboratoryUppsala University75121 UppsalaSweden Department of Life Sciences and Medicine Faculty of ScienceTechnology and MedicineUniversity of LuxembourgEsch-sur-Alzette L-4362Luxembourg

In healthy individuals,the intestinal epithelium forms a tight barrier to prevent gut bacteria from reaching blood *** study the effect of probiotics,dietary compounds and drugs on gut barrier formation and disruption,human gut epithelial and bacterial cells can be cocultured in an in vitro model called the human microbial crosstalk(HuMiX)gut-on-a-chip ***,we present the design,fabrication and integration of thin-film electrodes into the HuMiX platform to measure transepithelial electrical resistance(TEER)as a direct readout on barrier tightness in *** various aspects of the HuMiX platform have already been set in their design,such as multiple compressible layers,uneven surfaces and nontransparent materials,a novel fabrication method was developed whereby thin-film metal electrodes were first deposited on flexible substrates and sequentially integrated with the HuMiX system via a transfer-tape ***,to measure localized TEER along the cell culture chamber,we integrated multiple electrodes that were connected to an impedance analyzer via a *** further developed a dynamic normalization method because the active measurement area depends on the measured TEER *** fabrication process and system setup can be applicable to other barrier-on-chip *** a proof-of-concept,we measured the barrier formation of a cancerous Caco-2 cell line in real-time,which was mapped at four spatially separated positions along the HuMiX culture area.

关键词： barrier system multiple

Temporal and spatial differences in human activities performed in Urban Green Spaces of Vilnius(Lithuania)

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Geography and Sustainability 2024年第2期5卷 302-317页

作者： Luís Valença Pinto Carla sofia Santos Ferreira Paulo Pereira Research Centre for Natural Resources Environment and Society(CERNAS) Polytechnic Institute of CoimbraBencanta3045-601 CoimbraPortugal Environmental Management Laboratory Mykolas Romeris UniversityVilniusLithuania Polytechnic Institute of Coimbra Applied Research InstituteRua da MisericórdiaLagar dos Cortiços-S.Martinho do Bispo3045-093 CoimbraPortugal

Urban green spaces(UGS)are relevant to city well-being,as recognized by the United Nations’Sustainable Development Goals(SDGs).However,few studies have studied the temporal use of *** work assessed the seasonal,weekly,and daily use of three urban green spaces(Vingis Park,Bernardino Garden,and Jomantas Park)in Vilnius(Lithuania).The study is based on an on-site observation-based survey,which recorded users’characteristics,activities,and weather conditions during summer and *** results showed that UGS’s seasonal,weekly,and daily use differed according to park and users’*** with a higher diversity of facilities had a high seasonal difference in the number of observed *** numbers were higher in the summer for activities with children,social activities,sports,and water activities than in the *** Park had the lowest variability in user *** variables were linked to changes in users’*** precipitation and lower temperature were associated with reducing the number of users and the diversity of registered *** of the stationary activities were observed during *** diversity of the observed activities was associated with the available facilities rather than the park *** distribution of stationary activities was spatially correlated with facility/equipment(benches,playgrounds,sports,and fitness equipment)and proximity to water *** results of this study are relevant for UGS design,planning,and management.

关键词： Urban parks Seasonal differences Temporal use Time of day Spatial distribution of UGS users

Testicular prostheses-impact on quality of life and sexual function

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2024年第2期26卷 160-164页

作者： Ana sofia Araujo Sara Anacleto Ricardo Rodrigues Catarina Tinoco Andreia Cardoso Carlos Oliveira Ricardo Leao Department of Urology Braga's HospitalBraga 4710Portugal Faculty of Medicine Coimbra UniversityCoimbra 3000Portugal

Orchiectomy is the recommended treatment for many testicular ***,testicular prosthesis placement is not always performed for different *** this study,we aimed to evaluate patients'opinions and the impact on sexual function and quality of *** retrospective observational single-center study included patients who underwent orchiectomy between January 2014 and December 2020 at the Department of Urology,Braga's Hospital(Braga,Portugal),where testicular implants were always available and the decision to undergo the procedure was made fully independent of *** completed four questionnaires that assessed demographic data,satisfaction,self-esteem,and sexual *** the 96 patients who underwent orchidectomy,59 replied to the questionnaires,and of these patients,86.4%decided to undergo silicone-based testicular prostheses *** remaining 13.6%refused the implant based on concerns about complications(37.5%),because they felt that it was unnecessary(37.5%),or because it was not offered by the doctor(25.0%).Overall,96.1%of these patients were satisfied with the implant;however,25.5%classified it as"too firm".No statistically significant differences were found in sexual function(all P>0.05).However,it can be observed that there are more patients with prostheses presenting normal sexual activity compared to patients without prostheses(74.0%vs 50.0%),and none of them reported severe erectile dysfunction(0 vs 16.7%).Regarding self-esteem,both patients with and without prostheses present very similar average scores with no statistically significant *** present study highlights the highest level of satisfaction among patients who received testicular *** prostheses implantation is a safe procedure that does not hamper sexual function after orchiectomy.

关键词： orchiectomy patient satisfaction quality of life sexual dysfunction sexual health testicular prostheses

Current devices,outcomes,and pain management considerations in penile implant surgery:an updated review of the literature

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2024年第4期26卷 335-343页

作者： Nirupama Ancha Maya Eldin Tarah Woodle sofia Gereta Krishna Hariprasad Imani Butler E Charles Osterberg III Department of Surgery and Perioperative Care University of Texas at Austin Dell Medical SchoolAustinTX 78712USA Department of Urology Brooke Army Medical CenterSan AntonioTX 78234USA Department of Molecular Biosciences The University of Texas at AustinAustinTX 78712USA.

Penile prosthesis surgery is a definitive treatment for erectile dysfunction(ED).The two categories of penile prosthesis are endorsed by professional guidelines,inflatable penile prosthesis(IPP)and malleable penile prosthesis(MPP).Each modality of penile prosthesis offers distinct advantages and incorporates specific design features,allowing for personalized device selection that aligns with individual needs and *** the overall complication rate of penile implant surgery remains low,surgeons should maintain a high index of suspicion for complications in the perioperative time *** analgesic regimens including nerve blocks and narcotic-free pathways should be administered to manage perioperative ***,the high patient satisfaction after penile prosthesis surgery underscores the success of this ED treatment option.

关键词： erectile dysfunction penile implant penile prosthesis

Alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency and Pi*Z allele as important co-factors in the development of liver fibrosis

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World Journal of Hepatology 2024年第8期16卷 1099-1110页

作者： Ana Isabel Ferreira Catarina Guimarães Vitor Macedo Silva sofia Xavier Joana Magalhães JoséCotter Department of Gastroenterology Hospital da Senhora da Oliveira-GuimarãesGuimarães 4835-044Portugal Life and Health Sciences Research Institute School of MedicineUniversity of MinhoBraga 4710-057Portugal Life and Health Sciences Research Institute/3B’s PT Government Associate LaboratoryBraga 4710-057Portugal Department of Pulmonology Hospital Senhora da Oliveira-GuimarãesGuimarães 4835-044Portugal

BACKGROUND Alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency(AATD)is a codominant autosomal hereditary condition that predisposes patients to the development of lung and/or liver disease,and Pi*Z allele is the most clinically relevant *** To evaluate the impact of clinical parameters and AATD phenotypes,particularly the Pi*Z allele,in liver *** Cross-sectional cohort study including consecutive patients with AATD followed in Pulmonology or Hepatology *** Included 69 patients,49.3%had Pi*MZ phenotype and 10.1%Pi**** age≥55 years,age at diagnosis≥41 years and AAT at diagnosis<77 mg/dL predicted a nonalcoholic fatty liver disease fibrosis score(NFS)not excluding advanced fibrosis[area under the curve(AUC)=0.840,P<0.001;AUC=0.836,P<0.001;AUC=0.681,P=0.025].An age≥50 years and age at diagnosis≥41 years predicted a fibrosis-4 index of moderate to advanced fibrosis(AUC=0.831,P<0.001;AUC=0.795,P<0.001).Patients with hypertension,type 2 diabetes mellitus(DM),dyslipidaemia,metabolic syndrome,and regular alcohol consumption were more likely to have a NFS not excluding advanced fibrosis(P<0.001,P=0.002,P=0.008,P<0.001,P=0.033).Patients with at least one Pi*Z allele and type 2 DM were 8 times more likely to have liver stiffness measurement≥7.1 kPa(P=0.040).CONCLUSION Risk factors for liver disease in AATD included an age≥50 years,age at diagnosis≥41 years,metabolic risk factors,regular alcohol consumption,at least one Pi*Z allele,and AAT value at diagnosis<77 mg/*** created an algorithm for liver disease screening in AATD patients to use in primary care,selecting those to be referred to Hepatology consultation.

关键词： Alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency Liver fibrosis Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease fibrosis score Fibrosis-4 index Liver stiffness measurement