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Advances i. di.covery of novel i.vesti.ati.nal agents for functi.nal cure of chroni. hepati.i. B:A comprehensi.e revi.w of phases i. and i.i.therapeuti. agents

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World Journal of Hepatology 2024年第3期16卷 331-343页

作者： Robert Lam joseph K Li. Secti.n of Di.esti.e Di.eases Yale University School of MedicineNew HavenCT 06520United States

Chroni. hepati.i. B vi.us(HBV)i.fecti.n affects over 295 mi.li.n people globally and an esti.ated 1.6 mi.li.n people i. the Uni.ed *** i. associ.ted wi.h si.ni.i.ant morbi.i.y and mortali.y due to ci.rhosi.,li.er fai.ure,and li.er *** therapy wi.h oral nucleos(t)i.e analogues i. associ.ted wi.h hi.h rates of vi.ologi. suppressi.n,whi.h i. turn has been associ.ted wi.h a decreased ri.k of li.er ***,current anti.i.al regi.ens are li.i.ed by concerns wi.h adverse effects,adherence,resi.tance,long-term treatment,and ongoi.g ri.k for li.er *** i.vesti.ati.nal agents are currently i. development and are targeted at achi.vi.g functi.nal cure wi.h sustai.ed hepati.i. B surface anti.en(HBsAg)loss and suppressi.n of HBV *** we revi.w key evi.ence from phases i. and i.i.tri.ls defi.i.g the effi.acy and safety profi.es for key i.vesti.ati.nal agents for functi.nal cure of chroni. hepati.i. B,i.cludi.g core/capsi. i.hi.i.ors,entry i.hi.i.ors,RNA i.terference(si.NA/ASO),HBsAg i.hi.i.ors,Toll-li.e receptor agoni.ts,checkpoi.t i.hi.i.ors,and therapeuti. vacci.es.

关键词： Hepati.i. B vi.us Treatment Cli.i.al tri.ls RNA i.terference Entry i.hi.i.ors Core i.hi.i.ors i.munomodulators

Acoustoflui.i. scanni.g fluorescence nanoscopy wi.h a large fi.ld of vi.w

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Mi.rosystems & Nanoengi.eeri.g 2024年第3期10卷 159-167页

作者： Geonsoo Ji. Nei. Upreti.joseph Ri.h Ji.npi.g Xi. Chenglong Zhao Tony Jun Huang Thomas Lord Department of Mechani.al Engi.eeri.g and Materi.ls Sci.nce Duke UniversityDurhamNC 27708USA Department of Bi.medi.al Engi.eeri.g Duke UniversityDurhamNC 27708USA The Mi.RE Corporati.n McLeanVA 22102USA

Large-fi.ld nanoscale fluorescence i.agi.g i. i.valuable for many appli.ati.ns,such as i.agi.g subcellular structures,vi.uali.i.g protei. i.teracti.ns,and hi.h-resoluti.n ti.sue ***,conventi.nal fluorescence mi.roscopy requi.es a trade-off between resoluti.n and fi.ld of vi.w due to the nature of the opti.s used to form the *** overcome thi. barri.r,we developed an acoustoflui.i. scanni.g fluorescence nanoscope that si.ultaneously achi.ves superi.r resoluti.n,a large fi.ld of vi.w,and strong fluorescent *** acoustoflui.i. scanni.g fluorescence nanoscope uti.i.es the superresoluti.n capabi.i.i.s of mi.rospheres that are controlled by a programmable acoustoflui.i. devi.e for rapi. fluorescence enhancement and *** acoustoflui.i. scanni.g fluorescence nanoscope resolves structures that cannot be resolved wi.h conventi.nal fluorescence mi.roscopes wi.h the same objecti.e lens and enhances the fluorescent si.nal by a factor of~5 wi.hout alteri.g the fi.ld of vi.w of the *** i.proved resoluti.n reali.ed wi.h enhanced fluorescent si.nals and the large fi.ld of vi.w achi.ved vi. acoustoflui.i. scanni.g fluorescence nanoscopy provi.es a powerful tool for versati.e nanoscale fluorescence i.agi.g for researchers i. the fi.lds of medi.i.e,bi.logy,bi.physi.s,and bi.medi.al engi.eeri.g.

关键词： fi.ld resoluti.n uti.i.e

Exi.tence and Uni.ueness for the Non-Compact Yamabe Problem of Negati.e Curvature Type

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Analysi. i. Theory and Appli.ati.ns 2024年第1期40卷 57-91页

作者： joseph Hogg Luc Nguyen Mathemati.al i.sti.ute and St Edmund Hall University of OxfordAndrew Wiles BuildingRadcliffe Observatory QuarterWoodstock RoadOxford OX26GGUK

We study exi.tence and uni.ueness results for the Yamabe problem on non-compact mani.olds of negati.e curvature ***ﬁrst exi.tence and uni.ueness result concerns those such mani.olds whi.h are asymptoti.ally locally *** thi. context,our result requi.es only a parti.l C2 decay of the metri.,namely the full decay of the metri. i. C1 and the decay of the scalar *** parti.ular,no decay of the Ri.ci.curvature i. *** our second result we establi.h that a local volume rati. condi.i.n,when combi.ed wi.h negati.i.y of the scalar curvature at i.ﬁni.y,i. sufﬁci.nt for exi.tence of a *** volume rati. condi.i.n appears *** paper i. based on the DPhi. thesi. of theﬁrst author.

关键词： Yamabe problem non-compact mani.olds negati.e curvature asymptoti.ally locally hyperboli. asymptoti.ally warped product relati.e volume compari.on non-smooth conformal compacti.cati.n

A Novel Approach for Developi.g a Li.ear Regressi.n Model wi.hi. Logi.ti. Cluster Usi.g Sci.i.-Learn

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Journal of Data Analysi. and i.formati.n Processi.g 2024年第3期12卷 348-369页

作者： Nwosu Ambrose Gi.bert i. O. Ai.ufua Choji.Davou Nyap Departments of Computer Sci.nces Nasarawa State University Keffi Nigeria Departments of Computer Sci.nces University of Jos Jos Nigeria

Due to the rapi. development of logi.ti. i.dustry, transportati.n cost i. also i.creasi.g, and fi.di.g trends i. transportati.n acti.i.i.s wi.l i.pact posi.i.ely i. i.vestment i. transportati.n i.frastructure. There i. li.i.ed li.erature and data-dri.en analysi. about trends i. transportati.n mode. Thi. thesi. delves i.to the operati.nal challenges of vehi.le performance management wi.hi. logi.ti.s clusters, a cri.i.al aspect of effi.i.nt supply chai. operati.ns. i. ai.s to address the i.sues faced by logi.ti.s organi.ati.ns i. opti.i.i.g thei. vehi.le fleets’ performance, essenti.l for seamless logi.ti.s operati.ns. The study’s core desi.n i.volves the development of a predi.ti.e logi.ti.s model based on regressi.n, focused on forecasti.g, and evaluati.g vehi.le performance i. logi.ti.s clusters. i. encompasses a comprehensi.e li.erature revi.w, research methodology, data sources, vari.bles, feature engi.eeri.g, and model trai.i.g and evaluati.n and F-test analysi. was done to i.enti.y and veri.y the relati.nshi.s between attri.utes and the target vari.ble. The fi.di.gs hi.hli.ht the model’s effi.acy, wi.h a low mean squared error (MSE) value of 3.42, i.di.ati.g i.s accuracy i. predi.ti.g performance metri.s. The hi.h R-squared (R2) score of 0.921 emphasi.es i.s abi.i.y to capture relati.nshi.s between i.put characteri.ti.s and performance metri.s. The model’s trai.i.g and testi.g accuracy further attest to i.s reli.bi.i.y and generali.ati.n capabi.i.i.s. i. i.terpretati.n, thi. research underscores the practi.al si.ni.i.ance of the fi.di.gs. The regressi.n-based model provi.es a practi.al soluti.n for the logi.ti.s i.dustry, enabli.g i.formed deci.i.ns regardi.g resource allocati.n, mai.tenance planni.g, and deli.ery route opti.i.ati.n. Thi. contri.utes to enhanced overall logi.ti.s performance and customer servi.e. By addressi.g performance gaps and embraci.g modern logi.ti.s technologi.s, the study supports the ongoi.g evoluti.n of vehi.le performance management

关键词： Mean Squared Error R2 Score F-Test MSE

Non-pharmacologi.al i.terventi.ns for di.beti. peri.heral neuropathy:Are we wi.ni.g the battle?

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World Journal of Di.betes 2024年第4期15卷 579-585页

作者： Dani. Blai.el Corneli.s James Fernandez joseph M Pappachan Department of Endocri.ology and Metaboli.m Lancashire Teaching Hospitals NHS TrustPreston PR29HTUnited Kingdom Department of Endocri.ology&Metaboli.m Pilgrim HospitalUnited Lincolnshire Hospitals NHS TrustBoston PE219QSUnited Kingdom Faculty of Sci.nce Manchester Metropolitan UniversityManchester M156BHUnited Kingdom Faculty of Bi.logy Medicine&HealthThe University of ManchesterManchester M139PLUnited Kingdom

Despi.e the advent of relati.ely reli.ble modali.i.s of di.gnosi.g di.beti. peri.heral neuropathy(DPN),such as nerve conducti.n studi.s,there i. sti.l a knowledge gap about the pathophysi.logy,and thus li.i.ed avai.able i.-terventi.ns for symptom control and curtai.i.g di.ease *** pharma-cologi. aspect of management i. mai.ly centred on pai. control,however,there are several i.portant aspects of DPN such as loss of vi.rati.n sense,pressure sense,and propri.cepti.n whi.h are associ.ted wi.h ri.ks to lower li.b health,whi.h pharmacotherapy does not ***,publi.hed evi.ence suggests non-pharmacologi. i.terventi.ns such as glycaemi. control through di.tary modi.i.ati.n and exerci.e need to be combi.ed wi.h other measures such as psychotherapy,to reach a desi.ed,however modest *** i. emergi.g as an i.portant treatment modali.y for several chroni. medi.al condi.i.ns i.cludi.g neuropathi. and other pai. *** thei. study publi.hed i. the World Journal of Di.betes on the potenti.l of acupuncture to reduce DPN symptoms and enhance nerve conducti.n parameters,Hoerder et al have been able to demonstrate that acupuncture i.proves sensory functi.n and that thi. effect i. li.ely sustai.ed two months after treatment *** previ.us studi.s also support these fi.di.gs,larger multi.center randomi.ed control tri.ls i.cludi.g a sham-controlled arm accounti.g for a placebo effect are ***,gi.en the sati.factory safety profi.e and the posi.i.e results found i. these studi.s,i. i. li.ely that acupuncture may become an i.portant aspect of the repertoi.e of effecti.e DPN management.

关键词： Di.beti. peri.heral neuropathy Di.betes melli.us Pharmacotherapy Acupuncture Neuropathi. pai. Nonpharmacologi.al i.terventi.n

Acute worseni.g of mi.rovascular compli.ati.ns of di.betes melli.us duri.g rapi. glycemi. control:The pathobi.logy and therapeuti. i.pli.ati.ns

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World Journal of Di.betes 2024年第3期15卷 311-317页

作者： Dani. Blai.el Corneli.s James Fernandez joseph M Pappachan Department of Endocri.ology and Metaboli.m Lancashire Teaching Hospitals NHS TrustPreston PR29HTUnited Kingdom Department of Endocri.ology and Metaboli.m Pilgrim HospitalUnited Lincolnshire Hospitals NHS TrustBoston PE219QSUnited Kingdom Faculty of Sci.nce Manchester Metropolitan UniversityManchester M156BHUnited Kingdom Faculty of Bi.logy Medicine and HealthThe University of ManchesterManchester M139PLUnited Kingdom

Whi.e chroni. hyperglycaemi. resulti.g from poorly controlled di.betes melli.us(DM)i. a well-known precursor to compli.ati.ns such as di.beti. reti.opathy,neuropathy(i.cludi.g autonomi. neuropathy),and nephropathy,a paradoxi.al i.tensi.i.ati.n of these compli.ati.ns can rarely occur wi.h aggressi.e glycemi. management resulti.g i. a rapi. reducti.n of glycated ***,acute onset or worseni.g of reti.opathy and treatment i.duced neuropathy of di.betes are more common among these compli.ati.ns,rarely other problems such as albumi.uri.,di.beti. ki.ney di.ease,Charcot’s neuroarthropathy,gastroparesi.,and uri.ary bladder dysfuncti.n are also *** World Journal of Di.betes recently publi.hed a rare case of all these compli.ati.ns,occurri.g i. a young type 1 di.beti. female i.tensely managed duri.g pregnancy,as a case report by Huret et *** i. essenti.l to have a comprehensi.e understandi.g of the pathobi.logy,prevalence,predi.posi.g factors,and management strategi.s for acute onset,or worseni.g of mi.rovascular compli.ati.ns when rapi. glycemi. control i. achi.ved,whi.h serves to allevi.te pati.nt morbi.i.y,enhance di.ease management compli.nce,and possi.ly to avoi. medi.o-legal i.sues around thi. rare cli.i.al *** edi.ori.l delves i.to the dynami.s surroundi.g the acute exacerbati.n of mi.rovascular compli.ati.ns i. poorly controlled DM duri.g rapi. glycaemi. control.

关键词： Di.betes melli.us Mi.rovascular compli.ati.ns Di.beti. reti.opathy Treatment i.duced neuropathy of di.betes Di.beti. nephropathy Charcot’s neuropathy

Di.beti. cardi.myopathy:Emergi.g therapeuti. opti.ns

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World Journal of Di.betes 2024年第8期15卷 1677-1682页

作者： Corneli.s James Fernandez Sahana Shetty joseph M Pappachan Department of Endocri.ology&Metaboli.m Pilgrim HospitalUnited Lincolnshire Hospitals NHS TrustBoston PE219QSUnited Kingdom Department of Endocri.ology Kasturba Medical CollegeManipal Academy of Higher EducationManipal 576104KarnatakaIndia Department of Endocri.ology and Metaboli.m Lancashire Teaching Hospitals NHS TrustPreston PR29HTUnited Kingdom Faculty of Sci.nce Manchester Metropolitan UniversityManchester M156BHUnited Kingdom Faculty of Bi.logy Medicine and HealthThe University of ManchesterManchester M139PLUnited Kingdom

Di.beti. cardi.myopathy(DbCM)i. a common but underrecogni.ed compli.ati.n of pati.nts wi.h di.betes melli.us(DM).Although the pathobi.logy of other cardi.c compli.ati.ns of di.betes such as i.chemi. heart di.ease and cardi.c autonomi. neuropathy are mostly known wi.h reasonable therapeuti. opti.ns,the mechani.ms and management opti.ns for DbCM are sti.l not fully *** i.s early stages,DbCM presents wi.h di.stoli. dysfuncti.n followed by heart fai.ure(HF)wi.h preserved ejecti.n fracti.n that can progress to systoli. dysfuncti.n and HF wi.h reduced ejecti.n fracti.n i. i.s advanced stages unless appropri.tely *** from prompt control of DM wi.h li.estyle changes and anti.i.beti. medi.ati.ns,di.ease-modi.yi.g therapy for DbCM i.cludes prompt control of hypertensi.n and dysli.i.emi. i.herent to pati.nts wi.h DM as i. other forms of heart di.eases and the use of treatments wi.h proven effi.acy i. HF.A basi. study by Zhang et al,i. a recent i.sue of the World Journal of Di.betes elaborates the potenti.l pathophysi.logi.al alterati.ns and the therapeuti. role of teneli.li.ti. i. di.beti. mouse models wi.h *** thi. preli.i.ary basi. study mi.ht help to i.prove our understandi.g of DbCM and offer a potenti.l new management opti.n for pati.nts wi.h the di.ease,the posi.i.e results from such ani.al models mi.ht not always translate to cli.i.al practi.e as the pathobi.logy of DbCM i. humans could be ***,such experi.ental studi.s can encourage more sci.nti.i. efforts to fi.d a better soluti.n to treat pati.nts wi.h thi. eni.mati. di.ease.

关键词： Di.beti. cardi.myopathy Di.beti. cardi.myopathy Heart fai.ure Pathobi.logy Teneli.li.ti.

Defi.i.g the associ.ti.n between the prolonged operati.e ti.e and 90-day compli.ati.ns i. pati.nts undergoi.g radi.al cystectomy

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Asi.n Journal of Urology 2024年第3期11卷 429-436页

作者： Peter Hanna joseph Zabell Badri.ath Konety Chri.topher Warli.k Department of Urology University of MinnesotaMinneapolisMNUSA Department of Urology Aswan UniversityAswanEgypt Department of Urology Rush UniversityChicagoILUSA

Objecti.e:Radi.al cystectomy i. a complex lengthy procedure associ.ted wi.h postoperati.e *** ai.ed to assess the operati.e ti.e(OT)i. pati.nts undergoi.g radi.al cystectomy and i.s i.pact on 90-day postoperati.e compli.ati.ns and readmi.si.n ***:The retrospecti.e cohort study i.cluded 296 pati.nts undergoi.g radi.al cystectomy and uri.ary di.ersi.n from May 2010 to December 2018 i. our *** OT of 369 mi. was set as a cutoff value between short and long OT *** pri.ary outcome was 90-day postoperati.e compli.ati.n *** outcomes were gastroi.testi.al recovery ti.e,length of hospi.al stay,and 90-day readmi.si.n ***:The overall i.ci.ence of 90-day postoperati.e compli.ati.ns was 79.7%where 43.2%representi.g low-grade compli.ati.ns accordi.g to the Clavi.neDi.do classi.i.ati.n(Grade 1 and Grade 2),and 36.5%representi.g hi.h-grade compli.ati.ns(Grade3).Gastroi.testi.al tract and i.fecti.us compli.ati.ns are the most common compli.ati.ns i. our data set(45.9%and 45.6%,respecti.ely).On multi.ari.ble analysi.,prolonged OT was si.ni.i.antly associ.ted wi.h odds of hi.h-grade compli.ati.ns(odds rati. 2.340,95%confi.ence i.terval 1.288e4.250,p=0.005).After propensi.y score-matched analysi.,a hi.her i.ci.ence of major compli.ati.ns was i.enti.i.d i. the long OT group 55(51.4%)compared to 35(32.7%)i. the short OT group(p=0.006).A shorter gastroi.testi.al tract recovery ti.e was noti.ed i. the short OT group(p=0.009).Prolonged OT was associ.ted wi.h a hi.her 90-day readmi.si.n rate on uni.ari.te and multi.ari.te analyses(pi.ely).

关键词： Radi.alcystectomy Operati.eti.e Compli.ati.n Readmi.si.n

Di.betes and tuberculosi.:An emergi.g dual threat to healthcare

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World Journal of Di.betes 2024年第7期15卷 1409-1416页

作者： Sahana Shetty joseph M Pappachan Corneli.s James Fernandez Department of Endocri.ology Kasturba Medical CollegeManipalManipal Academy of Higher EducationManipal 576104KarnatakaIndia Department of Endocri.ology and Metaboli.m Lancashire Teaching Hospitals NHS TrustPreston PR29HTUnited Kingdom Faculty of Sci.nce Manchester Metropolitan UniversityManchester M156BHUnited Kingdom Faculty of Bi.logy Medicine and HealthThe University of ManchesterManchester M139PLUnited Kingdom Department of Endocri.ology&Metaboli.m Pilgrim HospitalUnited Lincolnshire Hospitals NHS TrustBoston PE219QSUnited Kingdom

Tuberculosi.(TB)remai.s a huge global healthcare challenge even i. the 21^(st) century though the prevalence has dropped i. developed countri.s i. recent *** melli.us(DM)i. an i.portant ri.k factor for the development and perpetuati.n of TB owi.g to the i.mune dysfuncti.n i. pati.nts wi.h *** coexi.tence of both di.eases i. the same i.di.i.ual also aggravates di.ease severi.y,compli.ati.ns,and chance of treatment fai.ure because of gross i.mune alterati.ns posed by DM as well as *** complex cellular and humoral i.munologi.al factors are i.volved i. the dangerous i.teracti.n between TB and DM,some of whi.h remai. unknown even *** i. hi.hly i.portant to i.enti.y the ri.k factors for TB i. pati.nts wi.h DM,and vi.e versa,to ensure early di.gnosi. and management to prevent compli.ati.ns from thi. omi.ous *** thei. research study publi.hed i. the recent i.sue of the World Journal of Di.betes,Shi.et al elaborate on the factors associ.ted wi.h the development of TB i. a large cohort of DM pati.nts from *** such research output from di.ferent regi.ns of the world i. expected to i.prove our knowledge to fi.ht the health devastati.n posed by TB i. pati.nts wi.h di.betes.

关键词： Tuberculosi. Di.betes melli.us i.mune dysfuncti.n Treatment fai.ure Multi.drug resi.tant tuberculosi.