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simultaneous harvesting and cell disruption of microalgae using ozone bubbles:optimization and characterization study for biodiesel production

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Frontiers of Chemical science and Engineering 2021年第5期15卷 1257-1268页

作者： Wan N.A.Kadir Man K.Lam Yoshimitsu Uemura Jun W.Lim Peck L.Kiew steven Lim siti s.rosli Chung Y.Wong Pau L.show Keat T.Lee Chemical Engineering Department Universiti Teknologi PETRONASSeri Iskandar32610Malaysia HICoE-Centre for Biofuel and Biochemical Research Institute of Self-Sustainable BuildingUniversiti Teknologi PETRONASSeri Iskandar32610Malaysia NPO Kuramae Bioenergy Tokyo108-0023Japan Fundamental and Applied sciences Department Universiti Teknologi PETRONASSeri Iskandar32610Malaysia Faculty of Engineering Technology&Built EnvironmentUniversity College Sedaya InternationalCheras Kuala Lumpur56000Malaysia Department of Chemical Engineering Lee Kong Chian Faculty of Engineering and ScienceUniversiti Tunku Abdul RahmanSungai LongSelangor43000Malaysia Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering Faculty of Science and EngineeringUniversity of Nottingham MalaysiaSemenyih43500Malaysia school of Chemical Engineering Universiti Sains MalaysiaEngineering CampusNibong Tebal14300Malaysia

In the present study, ozone was introduced as an alternative approach to harvest and disrupt microalgae cells (Chlorella vulgaris) simultaneously for biodiesel production. At the optimum ozonation conditions (6.14 g·h^(−1) ozone concentration, 30 min ozonation time, 1 L·min^(−1) of ozone flowrate at medium pH of 10 and temperature of 30℃), the sedimentation efficiency of microalgae cells increased significantly from 12.56% to 68.62%. It was observed that the microalgae cells aggregated to form flocs after pretreated with ozone due to the increment of surface charge from −20 to −6.59 mV. Besides, ozone had successfully disrupted the microalgae cells and resulted in efficient lipid extraction, which was 1.9 times higher than the control sample. The extracted microalgae lipid was mainly consisted of methyl palmitate (C16:0), methyl oleate (C18:1) and methyl linolenate (C18:3), making it suitable for biodiesel production. Finally, utilization of recycled culture media after ozonation pre-treatment showed robust growth of microalgae, in which the biomass yield was maintained in the range of 0.796 to 0.879 g ·h^(−1) for 5 cycles of cultivation.

关键词： microalgae biodiesel ozonation pre-treatment lipid

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Redefining biofuels:Investigating oil palm biomass as a promising cellulose feedstock for nitrocellulose-based propellant production

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2024年第7期37卷 111-132页

作者： Khoirul solehah binti Abdul Rahim Alinda binti samsuri siti Hasnawati binti Jamal siti Aminah binti Mohd Nor siti Nor Ain binti Rusly Hafizah binti Ariff Nur shazwani binti Abdul Latif Centre for Tropicalization(CENTROP) Defence Research InstituteUniversiti Pertahanan Nasional MalaysiaKem Sungai Besi57000 Kuala LumpurMalaysia Department of Chemistry and Biology Centre for Defence Foundation StudiesUniversiti Pertahanan Nasional MalaysiaKem Sungai Besi57000 Kuala LumpurMalaysia

This review paper explores the potential of oil palm biomass as a valuable cellulose source for the production of nitrocellulose-based propellants,contributing to the green revolution and sustainable energy *** highlights the availability of the corresponding biomass in Malaysia and in line with global studies,the chemical compositions,as well as a brief description of current technologies for converting biomass of oil palm into value added products specifically *** to achieve maximum utilization of biomass from oil palm industry for cellulose production and prospective source for nitrocellulose-based propellant are also *** methodology section outlines the pretreatment of lignocellulosic fibres,cellulose extraction,and nitrocellulose production ***,the review underscores the prospective of palm oil biomass as a sustainable cellulose source for propellant manufacturing,while acknowledging the need for further research and advancements in the field.

关键词： Biopolymer Cellulose nitrate Energetic materials Green technology Palm oil

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Radiative Blood-Based Hybrid Copper-Graphene Nanoliquid Flows along a source-Heated Leaning Cylinder

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & sciences 2024年第4期139卷 1017-1037页

作者： siti Nur Ainsyah Ghani Noor Fadiya Mohd Noor Institute of Mathematical sciences Faculty of ScienceUniversiti MalayaKuala Lumpur50603Malaysia Center for Data Analytics Consultancy&services(UM-CDACs) Faculty of ScienceUniversiti MalayaKuala Lumpur50603Malaysia

Variant graphene,graphene oxides(GO),and graphene nanoplatelets(GNP)dispersed in blood-based copper(Cu)nanoliquids over a leaning permeable cylinder are the focus of this *** forms of graphene are highly beneficial in the biological and medical fields for cancer therapy,anti-infection measures,and drug *** non-Newtonian sutterby(blood-based)hybrid nanoliquid flows are generalized within the context of the Tiwari-Das model to simulate the effects of radiation and heating *** governing partial differential equations are reformulated into a nonlinear set of ordinary differential equations using similar transformational *** equations are then transformed into boundary value problems through a shooting technique,followed by the implementation of the bvp4c tool in *** influences of various parameters on the model’s nondimensional velocity and temperature profiles,reduced skin friction,and reduced Nusselt number are presented for detailed *** results indicated that Cu-GNP/blood and Cu-GO/blood hybrid nanofluids exhibit the lowest and highest velocity distributions,respectively,for increased nanoparticles volume fraction,curvature parameter,sutterby fluid parameter,Hartmann number,and wall permeability ***,opposite trends are observed for the temperature distribution for all considered parameters,except the mixed convection *** in the reduced skin friction magnitude and the reduced Nusselt number with higher values of graphene/GO/GNP nanoparticle volume fraction are also ***,GNP is identified as the superior heat conductor,with an average increase of approximately 5%and a peak of 7.8%in the reduced Nusselt number compared to graphene and GO nanoparticles in the Cu/blood nanofluids.

关键词： Hybrid nanofluid sutterby fluid tiwari-das model thermal radiation graphene graphene oxides graphene nanoplatelets

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structural engineering of antimicrobials for optimal broad-spectrum activity

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Green Chemical Engineering 2024年第4期5卷 473-482页

作者： Arunmozhiarasi Armugam Diane s.W.Lim siti Nurhanna Riduan shook Pui Chan Jerome Asugan Yugen Zhang Institute of Bioengineering and Bioimaging Institute of sustainability for Chemicals Energy and Environment(ISCE2) Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR) Diploma in Biomedical science School of Chemical and Life SciencesSingapore Polytechnic

Antimicrobial materials are a crucial component in eradicating and managing the spread of infectious *** are expected to act on a broad-spectrum of microbes, including emerging pathogens which could cause the next Disease X. Herein, we reassessed a series of antimicrobial imidazolium polymers on our shelves and uncovered extended functionality through dual modes of action. By redesigning their structures, a truly broadspectrum antimicrobial material with optimized activity against bacteria(G +ve, G-ve) and fungi, as well as enveloped and non-enveloped viruses was developed. We demonstrated that the imidazolium polymer exhibits dual modes of function against microbes: targeting the microbial membrane and binding DNA. The latter DNA binding affinity was found to be key against non-enveloped viruses. With this insight, we designed small molecule compounds that exhibited optimum broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity and excellent efficacy against EsKAPE group of pathogens that are responsible for some of the deadliest nosocomial infections worldwide. Our results could also shed light on the design of broad-spectrum antimicrobial compounds against Disease X.

关键词： Broad-spectrum Antimicrobial Polyimidazolium structure-function Membrane active

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Appraisal of pollution levels and non-carcinogenic health risks associated with the emergence of heavy metals in Indonesian community water for sanitation,hygiene,and consumption

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Emerging Contaminants 2024年第3期10卷 230-249页

作者： Nurul Fahimah Indah Rachmatiah siti salami Katharina Oginawati Haryo Mubiarto Department of Environmental Engineering Faculty of Civil and Environmental EngineeringInstitut Teknologi BandungJl.Ganesha 10Bandung40132West JavaIndonesia Environmental Management Technology Research Group Department of Environmental EngineeringFaculty of Civil and Environmental EngineeringInstitut Teknologi BandungJl.Ganesha 10Bandung40132West JavaIndonesia Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology Laboratory Faculty of Civil and Environmental EngineeringInstitut Teknologi BandungJl.Ganesha 10Bandung40132West JavaIndonesia

Excessive heavy metal concentrations in water can pose a threat to human *** research analyzed 160 groundwater samples used for hygiene and sanitation,of which 62 were used for consumption,and 98 other types of drinking water were *** research findings indicate that 6%of groundwater for hygiene and sanitation and 13%of drinking water(7.8%groundwater,5.2%refill water)were deemed unfit for use due to elevated concentrations of certain heavy metals surpassing the maximum ***,Cd,Co,Hg,Mn,and Pb were detected in several drinking water samples deemed unsuitable for *** heavy metals suspected to originate from natural sources are Co,Fe,Mn,As,and Zn,while Pb,Cd,Hg,and Co are suspected to have anthropogenic *** arsenic exposure through the ingestion pathway posed a non-carcinogenic health risk to the local *** were found to be more susceptible than adult males and *** estimated average non-carcinogenic risk levels based on the water sources were refill water>well water>rainwater>spring ***,it is essential to monitor raw water sources at refill water depots in the study area and implement policies related to the quality of raw water sources,technology maintenance processes,and the quality of processed water from refill water ***,the community should be educated about householdscale water treatment to minimize health risks and consider using untreated well water and rainwater for consumption.

关键词： Bandung regency Groundwater Heavy metal Human health risk Water quality Refill water

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single-cell RNA sequencing analysis of the retina under acute high intraocular pressure

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第11期19卷 2522-2531页

作者： shaojun Wang siti Tong Xin Jin Na Li Pingxiu Dang Yang sui Ying Liu Dajiang Wang Division of Ophthalmology The Third Medical Center of PLA General HospitalBeijingChina Department of Ophthalmology Beijing Rehabilitation HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina

High intraocular pressure causes retinal ganglion cell injury in primary and secondary glaucoma diseases,yet the molecular landscape characteristics of retinal cells under high intraocular pressure remain *** models of acute hypertension ocular pressure were established by injection of cross-linked hyaluronic acid hydrogel(Healaflow■).single-cell RNA sequencing was then used to describe the cellular composition and molecular profile of the retina following high intraocular *** results identified a total of 12 cell types,namely retinal pigment epithelial cells,rod-photoreceptor cells,bipolar cells,Müller cells,microglia,cone-photoreceptor cells,retinal ganglion cells,endothelial cells,retinal progenitor cells,oligodendrocytes,pericytes,and *** single-cell RNA sequencing analysis of the retina under acute high intraocular pressure revealed obvious changes in the proportions of various retinal cells,with ganglion cells decreased by 23%.Hematoxylin and eosin staining and TUNEL staining confirmed the damage to retinal ganglion cells under high intraocular *** extracted data from retinal ganglion cells and analyzed the retinal ganglion cell cluster with the most distinct *** found upregulation of the B3gat2 gene,which is associated with neuronal migration and adhesion,and downregulation of the Tsc22d gene,which participates in inhibition of *** study is the first to reveal molecular changes and intercellular interactions in the retina under high intraocular *** data contribute to understanding of the molecular mechanism of retinal injury induced by high intraocular pressure and will benefit the development of novel therapies.

关键词： apoptosis axon degeneration high intraocular pressure microglia ocular hypertension photoreceptor cells retina retinal degeneration retinal ganglion cells single-cell RNA sequencing

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Validity and reliability of sarcopenia Quality of Life® Indonesia questionnaire in sarcopenic patients

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Rheumatology & Autoimmunity 2024年第1期4卷 47-56页

作者： Anna Ariane Purwita W.Laksmi siti setiati Rudy Hidayat suryo Anggoro Kusumo-Wibowo sumariyono Fadhli Mahri Caroline Tanadi Charlotte Beaudart Internal Medicine Department Rheumatology DivisionFaculty of Medicine Universitas IndonesiaDr.Cipto Mangunkusumo HospitalJakartaIndonesia Internal Medicine Department Geriatric DivisionFaculty of Medicine Universitas IndonesiaDr.Cipto Mangunkusumo HospitalJakartaIndonesia Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia JakartaIndonesia st.Carolus Hospital JakartaIndonesia Department of Biomedical sciences Namur Research Institute for Life Sciences(NARILIS)Faculty of MedicineUniversity of NamurNamurBelgium

Background:sarcopenia significantly impairs quality of life(QoL).The sarcopenia Quality of Life®(sarQol®)questionnaire provides a sarcopenia-specific instrument for the assessment of *** aim of this study was to cross-culturally adapt the sarQol®to an Indonesian language questionnaire and to confirm its validity and reliability as a tool to measure QoL in Indonesian-speaking elderly patients with ***:This cross-sectional study translated and cross-culturally adapted the sarQol®questionnaire,followed by evaluating the psychometric properties of the final cross-culturally adapted sarQol®Indonesia ***:Fifty-nine elderly Indonesian subjects(29 sarcopenic and 30 nonsarcopenic)with a mean age of 72.2±6.3 years were included in this ***®Indonesia questionnaire overall provides a good discriminative value[60.61±14.34 vs.73.60±13.17,p=0.001],good internal consistency(Cronbach'sαcoefficient=0.896 and McDonald'sωcoefficient=0.906,both with good correlation to the questionnaire individual domains),acceptable construct validity,and good test-retest reliability(intraclass correlation coefficient:0.962[95%confidence interval:0.883-0.987]).Conclusions:The sarQol®Indonesia questionnaire provides a conceptual and literally equivalent questionnaire content to its original source with good discriminative value,good internal consistency,acceptable construct validity,and good test-retest *** sarQol®Indonesia questionnaire is ready to be used to measure QoL in Indonesian elderly sarcopenic individuals.

关键词： cross-cultural adaptation quality of life sarcopenia sarQol validation

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A Grid-tied PV Inverter with sag-severity-independent Low-voltage Ride Through, Reactive Power support, and Islanding Protection

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Journal of Modern Power systems and Clean Energy 2021年第6期9卷 1300-1311页

作者： Muhammad Talha siti Rohani s.Raihan Nasrudin Abd.Rahim UM Power Energy Dedicated Advanced Center(UMPEDAC) University of Malaya IEEE

This paper proposes a grid-tied photovoltaic(PV)inverter capable of low-voltage ride through(LVRT), reactive power support, and islanding protection. Unlike other LVRT inverters, the proposed inverter is independent of sag severity while maintaining the maximum power-point tracking(MPPT)under normal and faulty conditions. The addition of an energy storage buffer stage mitigates the DC-link voltage surge during sags. At the same time, the inverter injects the reactive power during back-to-back sags of variable depths. The control system of the inverter generates the appropriate reference signals for normal, LVRT, and anti-islanding modes while the MPPT continues running. The salient features of the proposed inverter are:(1) active power injection under normal grid conditions;(2)sag-depth independent LVRT with reactive power support;(3)no DC-link fluctuations;(4) continuous MPPT mode;and(5) simultaneous LVRT and anti-islanding support during a grid outage. The inverter demonstrates an uninterrupted operation and seamless transition between various operating modes. simulations and the experimental prototype have been implemented to validate the efficacy of the proposed PV inverter.

关键词： Low-voltage ride through(LVRT) sag maximum power point tracking(MPPT) single-phase photovoltaic(PV)inverter PV-battery system

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A Hybrid Modified sine Cosine Algorithm Using Inverse Filtering and Clipping Methods for Low Autocorrelation Binary sequences

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第5期71卷 3533-3556页

作者： siti Julia rosli Hasliza A Rahim Khairul Najmy Abdul Rani Ruzelita Ngadiran Wan Azani Mustafa Muzammil Jusoh Mohd Najib Mohd Yasin Thennarasan sabapathy Mohamedfareq Abdulmalek Wan suryani Firuz Wan Ariffin Ahmed Alkhayyat Advanced Communication Engineering Centre of Excellence(ACE)Universiti Malaysia Perlis(UniMAP)01000 KangarPerlisMalaysia Faculty of Electronic Engineering Technology Universiti Malaysia Perlis(UniMAP)02600 ArauPerlisMalaysia Advanced Computing(AdvCOMP) Centre of ExcellenceUniversiti Malaysia Perlis(UniMAP)02600 ArauPerlisMalaysia Faculty of Electrical Engineering Technology Universiti Malaysia Perlis(UniMAP)02600 ArauPerlisMalaysia Faculty of Engineering and Information science University of Wollongong in DubaiDubai 20183United Arab Emirates Department of Computer Technical Engineering College of Technical Engineeringthe Islamic University54001 NajafIraq

The essential purpose of radar is to detect a target of interest and provide information concerning the target’s location,motion,size,and other *** knowledge about the pulse trains’properties shows that a class of signals is mainly well suited to digital processing of increasing practical importance.A low autocorrelation binary sequence(LABs)is a complex combinatorial *** main problems of LABs are low Merit Factor(MF)and shorter length ***,the maximum possible MF equals 12.3248 as infinity length is unable to be ***,this study implemented two techniques to propose a new metaheuristic algorithm based on Hybrid Modified sine Cosine Algorithm with Cuckoo search Algorithm(HMsCACsA)using Inverse Filtering(IF)and clipping method to achieve better *** proposed algorithms,LABs-IF and HMsCACsA-IF,achieved better results with two large MFs equal to 12.12 and 12.6678 for lengths 231 and 237,respectively,where the optimal solutions belong to the skew-symmetric *** MF outperformed up to 24.335%and 2.708%against the state-of-the-art LABs heuristic algorithm,xLastovka,and Golay,*** results indicated that the proposed algorithm’s simulation had quality solutions in terms of fast convergence curve with better optimal means,and standard deviation.

关键词： Merit factor autocorrelation skew-symmetric sequences combinatorial optimization sine cosine algorithm cuckoo search algorithm radar system wearable antenna antenna and propagation

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surface hydrophobicity: effect of alkyl chain length and network homogeneity

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Frontiers of Chemical science and Engineering 2021年第1期15卷 90-98页

作者： Wenqian Chen Vikram Karde Thomas N.H.Cheng siti s.Ramli Jerry Y.Y.Heng Department of Chemical Engineering Imperial College LondonLondonSW72AZUK Department of Food Technology Faculty of Applied SciencesUniversiti Teknologi MARA(UiTM)Shah AlamSelangorMalaysia

Understanding the nature of hydrophobicity has fundamental importance in environmental *** spherical silica nanoparticles(diameter=369±7 nm)as the model material,the current study investigates the relationship between the alkyl chain network and *** alkyl silanes with different chain length(triethoxymethylsilane(C1)***(octyl)silane(C8))were utilised separately for the functionalisation of the *** contact angle and inverse gas chromatography results show that the alkyl chain length is essential for controlling hydrophobicity,as the octyl-functionalised nanoparticles were highly hydrophobic(water contact angle=150.6°±6.6°),whereas the methyl-functionalised nanoparticles were hydrophilic(i.e.,water contact angle=0°,similar to the pristine nanoparticles).The homogeneity of the octyl-chain network also has a significant effect on hydrophobicity,as the water contact angle was reduced significantly from 148.4°±3.5°to 30.5°±1.0°with a methyl-/octyl-silane mixture(ratio=160:40µL·g^(–1) nanoparticles).

关键词： hydrophobicity surface energy wettability alkyl chain network silica nanoparticle

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