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TMPRSS2 Polymorphism and Its Correlation with SARS-CoV-2 Susceptibility - A Secondary Publication

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Journal of Clinical and Nursing Research 2024年第5期8卷 329-335页

作者： Saleem Awan Anum siraj Amber Khan Arifa Anwar muhammad Naeem Kiani Saira Yahya Department of Biosciences Shaheed Zulfikar Ali Bhutto Institute of Science and Technology(SZABIST)UniversityKarachiPakistan Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics Sindh Agriculture UniversityTandojamPakistan Guangdong Key Laboratory of Biomedical Measurements and Ultrasound Imaging School of Biomedical EngineeringShenzhen University Medical SchoolShenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060Guangdong ProvinceChina

Background:Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)virus affected more people than SARS-CoV-1 and related *** genetic factors,besides respiratory droplets and direct exposure to the virus,are found highly responsible for transmitting SARS-CoV-2 ***:The objective of this study was to determine the plasma levels of the TMPRSS2 gene and its role in SARS-CoV-2 ***:A total of 100 patients,i.e.50 SARS-CoV-2 positive patients as the case group and 50 SARS-CoV-2 negative samples as the control group,were selected randomly and included in this case-control study to determine the association between TMPRSS2 gene and susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 infection and severity of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19).The TMPRSS2 levels of case and control samples were measured through an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).Following the genomic DNA extraction,a set of reverse and forward primers of human TMPRSS2 gene primers were used for the amplification of the TMPRSS2 ***:In the control group,the ratio of men to women was more or less the same while in the case group 62%of the population were *** TMPRSS2 level was found to be 4.70±7.7 ng/ml in case samples while it was 4.73±5.7 ng/ml in control ***:The levels of TMPRSS2 in plasma samples of both controls and cases were found to be the same indicating that the entry of SARS-CoV-2 is not dependent on the plasma levels of this protein.

关键词： TMPRSS2 SARS-CoV-2 ACE2 Gene COVID-19 Expression

National guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of hilar cholangiocarcinoma

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第9期30卷 1018-1042页

作者： Faisal Saud Dar Zaigham Abbas Irfan Ahmed muhammad Atique Usman Iqbal Aujla muhammad Azeemuddin Zeba Aziz Abu Bakar Hafeez Bhatti Tariq Ali Bangash Amna Subhan Butt Osama Tariq Butt Abdul Wahab Dogar Javed Iqbal Farooqi Faisal Hanif Jahanzaib Haider siraj Haider Syed Mujahid Hassan Adnan Abdul Jabbar Aman Nawaz Khan muhammad Shoaib Khan muhammad Yasir Khan Amer Latif Nasir Hassan Luck Ahmad Karim Malik Kamran Rashid Sohail Rashid Mohammad Salih Abdullah Saeed Amjad Salamat Ghias-un-Nabi Tayyab Aasim Yusuf Haseeb Haider Zia Ammara Naveed Department of Hepatopancreatic Biliary Surgery&Liver Transplant Pakistan Kidney and Liver Institute&Research CentreLahore 54000Pakistan Department of Hepatogastroenterology and Liver Transplantation Dr.Ziauddin University HospitalKarachi 75600SindhPakistan University of Aberdeen Aberdeen B243FXUnited Kingdom Department of Pathology Pakistan Kidney and Liver Institute&Research CentreLahore 54000Pakistan Department of Gastroenterology&Hepatology Pakistan Kidney and Liver Institute&Research CentreLahore 54000Pakistan Department of Radiology Aga Khan UniversityKarachi 74800Pakistan Department of Oncology Hameed Latif HospitalLahore 54000Pakistan Division of Hepatopancreatic Biliary Surgery&Liver Transplantation Shifa International HospitalIslamabad 44000Pakistan Department of Hepatopancreatic Biliary Surgery&Liver Transplant Shaikh Zayed Hospital and Post Graduate Medical InstituteLahore 54000Pakistan Department of Medicine Aga Khan University HospitalKarachi 74800Pakistan Department of Liver Transplant Pir Abdul Qadir Shah Jeelani Institute of Medical SciencesGambat 66020Pakistan Department of Medicine&Gastroenterology Lifecare Hospital and Research CentrePeshawar 25000Khyber PakhtunkhwaPakistan Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary&Liver Transplant Bahria International HospitalLahore 54000Pakistan Department of Surgery Hepatopancreatobiliary&Liver TransplantDow University of Health SciencesKarachi 74800Pakistan Department of Gastroenterology Hepatology&NutritionPir Abdul Qadir Shah Jeelani Institute of Medical SciencesGambat 66020Pakistan Department of Oncology Dr.Ziauddin HospitalKarachi 74800Pakistan Department of Radiology Rehman Medical InstitutePeshawar 25000Pakistan Army Liver Transplant Unit Pak Emirates Military HospitalRawalpindi 46000Pakistan Department of Gastroenterology Sindh Institute of Urology and TransplantationKarachi 75500Pakistan Rashid Nursing Home and Cancer Clinic Rashid Nursing Home and Cancer ClinicRawalpindi 46000Pakistan Department of Gastroentero

A consensus meeting of national experts from all major national hepatobiliary centres in the country was held on May 26,2023,at the Pakistan Kidney and Liver Institute&Research Centre(PKLI&RC)after initial consultations with the *** Pakistan Society for the Study of Liver Diseases(PSSLD)and PKLI&RC jointly organised this *** effort was based on a comprehensive literature review to establish national practice guidelines for hilar cholangiocarcinoma(hCCA).The consensus was that hCCA is a complex disease and requires a multidisciplinary team approach to best manage these *** coordinated effort can minimise delays and give patients a chance for curative treatment and effective *** diagnostic and staging workup includes high-quality computed tomography,magnetic resonance imaging,and magnetic resonance *** cytology or biopsy utilizing endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography is a mainstay for ***,histopathologic confirmation is not always required before *** ultrasound with fine needle aspiration of regional lymph nodes and positron emission tomography scan are valuable adjuncts for *** only curative treatment is the surgical resection of the biliary tree based on the Bismuth-Corlette *** patients with unresectable hCCA can be considered for liver *** chemotherapy should be offered to patients with a high risk of *** use of preoperative biliary drainage and the need for portal vein embolisation should be based on local multidisciplinary *** with acute cholangitis can be drained with endoscopic or percutaneous biliary *** chemotherapy with cisplatin and gemcitabine has shown improved survival in patients with irresectable and recurrent hCCA.

关键词： Hilar cholangiocarcinoma Bismuth-Corlette classification Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Centre Staging Preoperative biliary drainage Portal vein embolisation Surgical resection Hepatectomy

Application of Zinc, Iron and Boron Enhances Productivity and Grain Biofortification of Mungbean

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2023年第4期92卷 983-999页

作者： muhammad Zafar siraj Ahmed muhammad Kashif Munir Nawal Zafar muhammad Saqib muhammad Aleem Sarwar Saba Iqbal Baber Ali Naveed Akhtar Basharat Ali Sadam Hussain muhammad Saeed Mohammad Khalid Al-Sadoon Aneela Gulnaz Agronomic Research Institute Ayub Agricultural Research Institute FaisalabadFaisalabad38000Pakistan Soil and Water Testing Laboratory Ayub Agricultural Research Institute FaisalabadFaisalabad38000Pakistan Department of Plant Sciences Quaid-i-Azam UniversityIslamabad45320Pakistan Department of Agricultural Engineering Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering and TechnologyRahim Yar Khan64200Pakistan College of Agronomy Northwest A&F UniversityYangling712100China Plant Pathology Research Institute Faisalabad38000Pakistan Department of Zoology College of ScienceKing Saud UniversityRiyadh11451Saudi Arabia Department of Biotechnology Yeungnam UniversityGyeongsan38641Korea

Deficiencies of essential vitamins,iron(Fe),and zinc(Zn)affect over one-half of the world’s population.A significant progress has been made to control micronutrient deficiencies through supplementation,but new approaches are needed,especially to reach the rural *** biofortification of pulses with Zn,Fe,and boron(B)offers a pragmatic solution to combat hidden hunger instead of food fortification and ***,it also has positive effects on crop production as ***,we conducted three separate field experiments for two consecutive years to evaluate the impact of soil and foliar application of the aforementioned nutrients on the yield and seed biofortification of *** application of Zn at 0,4.125,8.25,Fe at 0,2.5,5.0 and B at 0,0.55,1.1 kg ha−1 was done in the first,second and third experiment,*** application in these experiments was done at 0.3%Zn,0.2%Fe and 0.1%B respectively one week after flowering *** revealed that soil-applied Zn,Fe and B at 8.25,5.0 and 1.1 kg ha−1,respectively,enhanced the grain yield of mungbean;however,this increase in yield was statistically similar to that recorded with Zn,Fe and B at 4.125,2.5 and 0.55 kg ha−1,*** application of these nutrients at flower initiation significantly enhanced the Zn contents by 28%and 31%,Fe contents by 80%and 78%,while B contents by 98%and 116%over control during 2019 and 2020,*** was concluded from the results that soil application of Zn,Fe,and B enhanced the yield performance of mungbean;while significant improvements in seed Zn,Fe,and B contents were recorded with foliar application of these nutrients.

关键词： Biofortification seed biofortification mungbean iron zinc boron foliar application

Effect of Cumulative Nanosecond Laser Pulses on the Plasma Emission Intensity and Surface Morphology of Pt-and Ag-Ion Deposited Silicon

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Plasma Science and Technology 2012年第4期14卷 333-337页

作者： Khurram siraj muhammad Zakria BUTT muhammad KHALEEQ-UR-RAHMAN muhammad Shahid RAFIQUE Saima RAFIQUE FAKHAR-UN-NISA Advanced Physics Laboratory Department of PhysicsUniversity of Engineering and Technology

In this work, the laser induced plasma plume characteristics and surface morphology of Pt- and Ag-ion deposited silicon were studied. The deposited silicon was exposed to cumulative laser pulses. The plasma plume images produced by each laser shot were captured through a computer controlled image capturing system and analyzed with image-J software. The integrated optical emission intensity of both samples showed an increasing trend with increasing pulses. Agion deposited silicon showed higher optical emission intensity as compared to Pt-ion deposited silicon, suggesting that more damage occurred to the silicon by Ag ions, which was confirmed by SRIM/TRIM simulations. The surface morphologies of both samples were examined by optical microscope showing thermal, exfoliational and hydrodynamical sputtering processes along with the re-deposition of the material, debris and heat affected zones＇ formation. The crater of Ption deposited silicon was deeper but had less lateral damage than Agion deposited silicon. The novel results clearly indicated that the ion deposited silicon surface produced incubation centers, which led to more absorption of incident light resulting into a higher emission intensity from the plasma plume and deeper crater formation as compared to pure silicon. The approach can be effectively utilized in the laser induced breakdown spectroscopy technique, which endures poor limits of detection.

关键词： ions deposited silicon laser irradiation plasma plume emission intensity,crater formation

Evaluating the Optimum Transplanting Time for Different Coarse Rice Genotypes under Semi-Arid Conditions of Faisalabad

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Agricultural Sciences 2018年第1期9卷 69-77页

作者： muhammad Ahtisham Tahir muhammad Ahmad Arain Saba Durrani Abdul Shakoor Ahtsham Bilal Nasir Ali muhammad Ishfaq Umer Farooq siraj Ahmed muhammad Irfan Department of Agronomy University of Agriculture Faisalabad Pakistan Department of Botany University of Agriculture Faisalabad Pakistan Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics University of Agriculture Faisalabad Pakistan Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics Bahauddin Zakariya University Multan Pakistan

Continuously changing climate and availability of different rice genotypes make it necessary to find optimum time of sowing as well as suitable variety for cultivation to get maximum productivity under a specific set of climatic conditions. A field study was carried out to search out the suitable rice transplanting time for four different coarse genotypes under the semi-arid environment of Faisalabad. The experiment was conducted at Agronomic Research Area, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad and was laid out in randomized complete block design (RCBD) with split plot arrangement keeping transplanting time in main plots while rice genotypes in subplots. Variability among treatments was measured by Fisher’s ANOVA (P ≤ 5%) and LSD test was applied to compare the differences among treatments’ means. The ANOVA indicated statistically significant differences among genotypes as well as transplanting dates irrespective of all studied traits while interactive effects of both were found to be non-significant. NIBGE-1 performed best with maximum paddy yield of 6.05 t/ha while KSK-434 performed poor with paddy yield of 2.78 t/ha. Increased paddy yield and yield related parameters of all rice genotypes were recorded where transplantation was done on 25th of June. Generally, paddy yield decreased with delaying the transplanting time. The results suggested that NIBGE-1 can perform better under the semi-arid conditions of Faisalabad and last week of June might be the optimum time for nursery transplantation. It can also be further elucidated that late transplanting causes yield reduction which could not be recommended among farmers.

关键词： Coarse Rice Genotypes Transplanting Time Paddy Yield Semi-Arid

The Assessment of Carbon Stocks in the Oak Scrub Forest of Sheringal Valley Dir Kohistan

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Open Journal of Forestry 2015年第5期5卷 510-517页

作者： Alamgir Khan Adnan Ahmad Ziaur Rahman siraj-ud-Din Rahmatullah Qureshi Juma muhammad Department of Forestry Shaheed Benazir Bhutto University Sheringal Dir Upper Pakistan Department of Botany University of Peshawar Peshawar Pakistan Department of Botany PMAS-Arid Agriculture University Rawalpindi Rawalpindi Pakistan Department of Environmental Sciences Shaheed Benazir Bhutto University Sheringal Dir Upper Pakistan

The present study estimates carbon stocks (C-stocks) of the Oak scrub forest of Sheringal valley through field inventory. Stem density (haǃ), tree height (m), basal area (m2·haǃ), stem volume (m2·haǃ), stem biomass (t·haǃ), total biomass (t·haǃ), and total C-stock (t·haǃ), were calculated. Stem density varied between 80±8.16 to 510 ± 42 trees haǃ, with a mean value of 226 ± 7 tress haǃ. The average tree height, basal area and stem volume were 5.47 ± 0.76 m, 12.82 ± 0.25 m2·haǃ and 46.37 ± 0.85 m3·haǃ respectively. The total calculated stem biomass was 32.46 ± 0.60 t·haǃ and total tree biomass was 51.61 ± 0.60 t·haǃ. The calculated C-stocks in the Oak scrub forest ranged from 2.005 ± 1.32 t·haǃ to 63.1 ± 3.34 t·haǃ and the mean C stocks was 25.80 ± 0.47 t·haǃ. The results of the study confirmed that the Oak scrub forest acts as a valuable sink of carbon, but this valuable storage factory of carbon faced the problems of excess uses for fuel wood, forage, domestic uses (mostly for construction) and unscientific management. Proper scientific management and proper utilization of the forest can be significant measures to enhance the potential of the forest to stored and sink more carbon and can be included for CDM and REED++ under Keyto protocol.

关键词： Sheringal Oak Scrub Forest Biomass and Carbon Stocks

Detection of Acid Fast Bacilli in Tuberculous Lymph Node Tissue and Touch Preparations—A Comparative Study

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Journal of Tuberculosis Research 2017年第3期5卷 168-177页

作者： Ghulam Rasool muhammad Rashid siraj Nadia Naseem Sameer Anjum Waqas Lateef A. H. Nagi Department of Morbid Anatomy & Histopathology University of Health Sciences Lahore Pakistan Department of Surgery Akhtar Saeed Medical & Dental College Lahore Pakistan

Background: The most common form of extrapulmonary tuberculosis is lymphadenitis. Lymphadenitis is considered mainly a disease of young children and has a peak age of onset at 20 to 40 years. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to detect and compare the presence of acid fast bacilli in lymph node biopsies and their touch preparations using Ziehl Neelsen and fluorescence staining. Materials and Methods: The lymph node biopsies and their touch preparations were prepared and stained with Haematoxylin and eosin to determine their morphology. Slides were stained with ZN staining and fluorescent staining technique using Auramine O and Rohdamine B to demonstrate the presence of acid fast bacilli in tissue and their touch preparations. Results: AFB was detected in 56% of biopsies and 54% of touch preparations. In addition in these cases we observed that fluorescent staining technique using Auramine O and Rohdamine B is superior to ZN stain because low magnification used in fluorescent staining technique makes it possible to scan the smear rapidly and detects the AFB as glowing spots even if it is present in small numbers. Conclusion: The results of AFB in tissue biopsies are in equivalent in their touch preparation.

关键词： Haematoxylin and Eosin Acid Fast Bacilli Touch Preparation

Comparative Review of Drugs Used in Diabetes Mellitus—New and Old

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Journal of Diabetes Mellitus 2021年第4期11卷 115-131页

作者： Furqan Ul Haq Abuzar siraj muhammad Atif Ameer Tanveer Hamid Mansoor Rahman Salman Khan Saad Khan Sarwat Masud Hayatabad Medical Complex Peshawar Peshawar Pakistan Shaukat Khannum Memorial Hospital and Research Centre Peshawar Pakistan Medical Research Centre University of Nebraska Nebraska USA Saidu Group of Teaching Hospitals Swat Pakistan Lady Reading Hospital Peshawar Pakistan Khyber Teaching Hospital Peshawar KP Pakistan Agha Khan University Karachi Pakistan

Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a syndrome of chronically elevated glucose level in the blood either due to insulin resistance, insulin deficiency or both. In addition, it may occur due to defective metabolism of carbohydrates, fats and proteins. There are 3 main types of DM: Type 2 DM is more prevalent in adults and is typically due to relative insulin deficiency, deficiency of insulin in children leads to DM type 1;and lastly, gestational diabetes occurs during pregnancy resulting from an imbalance of placental hormones. Introduction: Insulin, Biguanides and Sulfonylureas are some of the drug classes used to treat DM. However, their use is complicated by numerous side effects, such as;hypoglycemia & weight gain from insulin and sulfonylureas;lactic acidosis, vitamin B12 deficiency and gastrointestinal upset with metformin. Route of administration and cost are also important factors to consider when prescribing. It is for this reason the quest for newer, safer and easier to administer drugs is ongoing. Methodology: Used all the articles available on anti Diabetic drugs on web especially in British Medical Journal, Elsevier, Pubmed, Google scholar and Wikipedia etc. Got a final review article to compare the older and newer anti Diabetic drugs. Results and Conclusion: Insulin is good for controlling acute hyperglycemic states in DM but it causes acute hypoglycemia and lipodystrophy. Metformin is good hypoglycemic and easily available but causes hypoglycemia, metallic taste, Lactic acidosis and B12 deficiency. Sulfonylureas are good hypoglycemic but causes severe hypoglycemia acutely and weight gain so contraindicated for obese or hypertensive patients. While newer antidiabetics such as GLP 1 agonists increases insulin secretions has very low risk of hypoglycemia, causes weight loss as compared to insulin and decreases risk of cardiovascular side effects but still can’t be used in renally impair

关键词： Anti-Diabetic Drugs Metformin Sitagliptin Canagliflozin Exenatide Pioglitazone Insulin Use and Its Efficacy Glipizide