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Glycemic Indices of Multiple Oral Nutritional Supplements: A Randomized Cross-Over Study in Indian Adults

Food and Nutrition Sciences 2023年第10期14卷 941-962页

作者： Deepti Khanna Jaladhi Bhatt Jayanti Gupta simran sethi Parth Joshi Manoj Pareek Divya Agrawal Hindustan Unilever Limited R&D Department Gurugram India Independent Biostatistician & Researcher Mumbai India Cliantha Research Ahmedabad India

Background: A randomized cross-over study was conducted to assess the glycemic index (GI) of seven Oral Nutritional Supplements (ONSs). These ONSs are designed to support the nutritional requirements of different age-groups, physiological states, or health conditions among Indian adults. Methods: The study had two phases viz., phase1 (n = 18) studied two ONSs: A1 and B1 and phase 2 (n = 20) studied five ONSs: A2, B2, C2, D2 & E2. The subjects were healthy, non-diabetic adults, aged between 20 - 44 years with a mean Body Mass Index of 21.2 ± 1.52 kg/m2 (Phase 1) and 21.0 ± 1.45 kg/m2 (Phase 2). All these ONSs were compared with reference drinks (glucose). The carbohydrates in one serving of each ONS were matched to carbohydrates from 25 grams of glucose following ISO 2010 guidelines. Capillary blood was assessed for blood glucose response at baseline, 15, 30, 45, 60, 90 and 120 minutes. GI was calculated as the incremental area under the curve (iAUC) for the test drinks and expressed as a percentage of the average iAUC from glucose. Results: Phase 1 indicated that the high fiber diabetes-specific nutrition supplement A1 with higher protein (23% energy), higher fat (25% energy) and reduced carbohydrates (40% energy) had a significantly (p = 0.002) lower GI [34 (±6)] as compared to B1 [63 (±7)] (protein 19%, fat 7% and carbohydrates 60% energy) even with similar amount (22%) and type of fiber. Phase 2 reported that all test products [A2 (32 ± 5), B2 (37 ± 4), C2 (31 ± 5), D2 (31 ± 5) and E2 (55 ± 4)] had a low GI. As compared to phase 1, ONSs in phase 2 had lower fiber content (1.6% - 4.6% energy). Conclusion: The glycemic index of oral nutrition supplements is influenced not only by their fiber content, but also by the overall macronutrient composition including protein (≥17% energy), fat (≥10% - 27% energy) and carbohydrates (40% - 57.5% energy).

关键词： Glycemic Index Oral Nutritional Supplements Incremental Area under the Curve Diabetes

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Efficacy of a Diabetes Specific Nutritional Supplement (DSNS) on Glycemic Response in Prediabetic Adults: A Two-Armed, Open-Labelled Randomized Controlled Study

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2024年第7期15卷 612-643页

作者： Deepti Khanna Kejal Joshi Reddy Hema S. Gopalan Jaladhi Bhatt Jayanti Gupta simran sethi Parth Joshi Manoj Pareek Department of R&D Hindustan Unilever Limited Gurugram India Mumbai India Cliantha Research Ahmedabad India

It is well known that Diabetes Specific Nutritional Supplements (DSNSs) are linked to improved glycemic control in individuals with diabetes. However, data on efficacy of DSNSs in prediabetics is limited. This was a two-armed, open-labelled, randomized controlled six-week study on 199 prediabetics [30 - 65 years;Glycosylated Hemoglobin (HbA1c) 5.7% - 6.4% and/or Fasting Blood Glucose (FBG) 100-125 mg/dl]. Two parallel phases were conducted: Acute Blood Glucose Response (ABGR) and Intervention phase. Prediabetic participants were randomized into test (n = 100) and control (n = 99). The primary objective was to assess the ABGR of DSNS versus an isocaloric snack, measured by incremental Area under the Curve (iAUC). Test and control received 60 g of DSNS and 56 g of isocaloric snack (cornflakes) respectively, both in 250 ml double-toned milk on visit days 1, 15, 29 and 43. Postprandial Blood Glucose (PPG) was estimated at 30, 60, 90, 120, 150 and 180 minutes. During the 4 weeks intervention phase, the test group received DSNS with lifestyle counselling (DSNS + LC) and was compared with the control receiving lifestyle counselling alone (LC alone). Impact was studied on FBG, HbA1C, anthropometry, body composition, blood pressure, nutrient intake, and physical activity. The impact of DSNS was also studied using CGM between two 14-day phases: CGM1 baseline (days 1 - 14) and CGM2 endline (days 28 - 42). DSNS showed significantly lower PPG versus isocaloric snack at 30 (p 12, and chromium were reported by DSNS + LC versus LC alone. No other significant changes were reported between groups. It may be concluded that DSNS may be considered as a snack for prediabetic or hyperglycemic individuals requiring nutritional support for improved glycemic control.

关键词： Diabetes Specific Nutritional Supplement Prediabetes Acute Blood Glucose Response Incremental Area under Curve Lifestyle Counselling

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Viscous cosmology in holographic dark energy with Granda–Oliveros cut-off

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2023年第2期75卷 144-156页

作者： simran Kaur C P Singh Department of Applied Mathematics Delhi Technological UniversityBawana RoadDelhi-110042India

We study the effect of bulk viscosity on holographic dark energy(HDE)with Granda–Oliveros infra-red *** focus on a generalized form of the bulk viscous coefficient which successfully describes the present-day evolution of the *** observe that the model with bulk viscosity provides an elegant description of the early and late-time evolution of the *** constrain the model through the combined observational data of the Strong Lensing System(SLS),measurements of Hubble parameter,Type Ia supernova data of Pantheon sample and local H_(0)measured by *** best-fit values obtained from two different combinations of data,we estimate the present value of Hubble’s constant H_(0)=71.567-0.848+1.448and H_(0)=69.197-1.924+1.563,the deceleration parameter q_(0)=-0.535-0.016+0.016and q_(0)=-0.536-0.016+0.016,and the equation of state w_(0)=-0.690-0.010+0.010and w_(0)=-0.691-0.011+0.011,*** HDE model with bulk viscosity exhibits the phase transition from decelerated epoch to accelerated epoch.A comparison of the model with the standardΛCDM model is discussed with the statefinder and cosmographic parameters.

关键词： viscosity holographic dark energy cosmology

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Data mining-based algorithm for assortment planning

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Journal of Management Analytics 2020年第3期7卷 443-457页

作者： Praveen Ranjan Srivastava Satyendra Sharma simran Kaur Information Technology Indian Institute of Management(IIM)RohatakRohtakIndia Operation and Supply Chain Birla Institute of Technology and Science(BITS)PilaniPilaniRajasthanIndia Computer Science Birla Institute of Technology and Science(BITS)PilaniPilaniRajasthanIndia

With increasing varieties and products,management of limited shelf space becomes quite difficult for ***,an efficient product assortment,which in turn helps to plan the organization of various products across limited shelf space,is extremely important for *** can be distinguished based on quality,price,brand,and other attributes,and decision needs to be made about an assortment of the products based on these *** efficient assortment planning improves the financial performance of the retailer by increasing profits and reducing operational *** techniques can be very effective in grouping products,stores,*** help managers solve the problem of assortment *** paper proposes data mining approaches for assortment planning for profit maximization with space,and cost constraints by mapping it into well-known knapsack problem.

关键词： Retail assortment SKU rationalization data mining

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Soluble alpha-synuclein post-translational modifications:unexpected regulators of pathological alpha-synuclein amplification

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第5期19卷 959-960页

作者： simran Kapila Yuhan Sun Chao Peng Shujing Zhang Department of Neurology David Geffen School of MedicineUniversity of CaliforniaLos AngelesCAUSA Molecular Biology Institute Brain Research InstituteMary S.Easton Center for Alzheimer’s ResearchUniversity of CaliforniaLos AngelesCAUSA

The build-up of misfoldedα-synuclein(α-syn)in the central nervous system is the pathological hallmark of a number of neurodegenerative diseases that are known asα-*** include Parkinson’s disease(PD),Parkinson’s disease with dementia(PDD),dementia with Lewy body(LB),multiple system atrophy(MSA),and a subset of Alzheimer’s *** evidence underscores that the intercellular transmission and amplification of pathologicalα-syn are critical processes underlying the progression ofα-synucleinopathies(Peng et al.,2020),and as such,the study of these processes could lead to the identification of promising therapeutics to mitigate disease *** previous studies have focused solely on pathological seeds in relation to disease progression.

关键词： pathological diseases

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Robotic-assisted cholecystectomy: Current status and future application

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Laparoscopic, Endoscopic and Robotic Surgery 2022年第3期5卷 85-91页

作者： simran Chandhok Phillip Chao Jonathan Koea Sanket Srinivasa Upper GI Unit Department of SurgeryNorth Shore HospitalUniversity of AucklandAuckland 0620New Zealand

Robotic-assisted cholecystectomy(RC)is increasingly ***,its exact role remains unde-fined,with multiport conventional laparoscopic cholecystectomy(LC)being regarded as the established gold *** review aims to provide an overview of the evidence for RC and to define its current and future role.A literature search was performed on the PubMed and Medline databases to identify relevant articles published between 1994 and February *** evidence obtained was summarised in a narrative *** emphasis was placed on recent 10-year articles and studies of higher meth-odological *** is noninferior to *** robotic platform facilitates the application of minimally invasive surgery in a way conventional laparoscopy *** remains appropriate for the majority of patients requiring *** advantages of RC include inherent technical benefits,facilitating the learning of new surgical technology and its potential to reduce the risk of open conversion and bile leakage in certain populations(Mirizzi syndrome,complicated calculous disease,chronic liver disease and possibly malignancy).It also has increasing applicability to related biliary *** limitations include cost,loss of tactile feedback and the learning curve associated with initial *** applications of robotic surgical systems include utilisation in difficult cholecystectomy,cases of biliary malignancy,telerobotic surgery and telementoring.

关键词： Robotic-assisted cholecystectomy Laparoscopic cholecystectomy Bile duct injury repair

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Diabetes among Muslims during Ramadan:A narrative review

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2023年第26期11卷 6031-6039页

作者： Rohan Kumar Ochani Asim Shaikh simran Batra Gauri Pikale Salim Surani Internal Medicine SUNY Upstate Medical University HospitalSyracuseNY 13210United States Medicine Aga Khan UniversitySindhKarachi 74500Pakistan Internal Medicine Dow University of Health SciencesSindhKarachi 74200Pakistan Internal Medicine Chicago Medical School at Rosalind Franklin UniversityChicagoIL 60064United States Medicine and Pharmacology Texas A and M UniversityCollege StationTX 77843United States Medicine Aga Khan UniversityNairobi 00100Kenya

Fasting during the month of Ramadan is one of the five fundamental principles of Islam,and it is obligatory for healthy Muslim adults and *** the fasting month,Muslims usually have two meals a day,suhur(before dawn)and iftar(after dusk).However,diabetic patients may face difficulties when fasting,so it is important for medical staff to educate them on safe fasting *** strict fasting can increase the risk of hypoglycemia and diabetic ketoacidosis,but with proper knowledge,careful planning,and medication adjustment,diabetic Muslim patients can fast during *** this review,a literature search was conducted using PubMed and Google Scholar until May *** other than the English language were *** strategies for managing blood sugar levels during Ramadan include a combination of patient education on nutrition,regular monitoring of blood glucose,medications,and insulin *** therapy can be continued during fasting if properly titrated to the patients’needs,and finger prick blood sugar levels should be assessed *** certain symptoms such as hypoglycemia,hyperglycemia,dehydration,or acute illness occur,or blood glucose levels become too high(>300 mg/dL)or too low(<70 mg/dL),the fast should be *** insulin formulations such as pegylated insulin and medications like tirzepatide,a dual agonist of gastric-inhibitory peptideand glucagonlike-peptide 1 receptors,have shown promise in managing blood sugar levels during ***-insulin dependent medications like sodium-glucose-cotransporter-2 inhibitors,including the Food and Drug Administration-approved ertugliflozin,are also being used to provide additional cardiovascular benefits in patients with type 2 diabetes.

关键词： Ramadan Fasting Diabetes Complications Insulin therapy Newer advances Hypoglyccemia

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A review on re-emerging bacteriophage therapy in the era of XDR

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BIOCELL 2023年第9期47卷 1915-1930页

作者： POOJA BHADORIYA RICHA SHARMA REKHA MEHROTRA simran KAUR ISHA SRIVASTAVA MUKUL JAIN PRASHANT KAUSHIK Department of Microbiology Shaheed Rajguru College of Applied Sciences for WomenUniversity of DelhiVasundhara EnclaveNew Delhi110096India Lab-209 Cell&Developmental biology labCenter of Research for DevelopmentParul UniversityVadodara391760GujaratIndia Instituto de Conservacióny Mejora de la Agrodiversidad Valenciana Universitat Politècnica de ValènciaValencia46022Spain

In the present medicine world antibiotic resistance is one of the key threats to universal health *** continue to work hard to combat this global health *** therapy,an age-old practice during the early twentieth century,was outshined by the discovery of *** the advent of widespread antibiotic resistance,phage therapy has again redeemed itself as a potential alternative owing to its adeptness to target bacteria *** side effects,the ability to migrate to different body organs,a distinct mode of action,and proliferation at the infection site,make phages a profitable candidate to replace conventional *** progressive outcome of numerous in vitro studies and case reports has validated the clinical efficacy of phage *** bright perspective of using phages to treat bacterial infections has fueled enormous medical research to exploit their potential as *** gaps in the information about phages and the lack of consent for clinical trials is major hurdle for consideration of phage *** phage therapy as a reality in medicine requires a coordinated effort from different *** this review,we aim to emphasize the importance of phage therapy in modern *** review explains their historical journey,basic phage biology,cross-talk with the host immunity,obstacles with phage therapy,and their possible *** data on the various significant clinical trials of phage therapy has been *** evaluated the efficacy of antibiotics and phage therapy in part and in combination,along with recent progress and future perspectives of phage therapy.

关键词： Bacteriophages Antibiotic resistance Phage biology Phage therapy Phage therapy clinical trials Phage therapy in India

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Stem cell therapy: A paradigm shift in breast cancer treatment

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World Journal of Stem Cells 2021年第7期13卷 841-860页

作者： Sabiha Khan Moushumi Suryavanshi Jasamrit Kaur Debadatta Nayak Anil Khurana Raj Kumar Manchanda Chanderdeep Tandon simran Tandon Amity Institute of Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research Amity UniversityNoida 201313Uttar PradeshIndia Department of Pathology Rajiv Gandhi Cancer Institute and Research CentreNew Delhi 110085India Department of Chemistry Goswami Ganesh Dutta Sanatan Dharma CollegeChandigarh 160030India Central Council for Research in Homeopathy New Delhi 110058India Department of AYUSH Karol BaghNew Delhi 110011India Amity Institute of Biotechnology Amity UniversityNoida 201313Uttar PradeshIndia

As per the latest Globocan statistics,the high prevalence rate of breast cancer in low-and middle-income countries has led to it becoming the most common cancer to be diagnosed,hence posing a major public health *** per this data,more than 11.7%of the estimated new cancer cases in 2020 were due to breast cancer.A small but significant subpopulation of cells with self-renewing ability are present in the tumor stroma and have been given the nomenclature of cancer stem cells(CSCs).These cells display a high degree of plasticity owing to their ability to transition from the slowly cycling quiescent phase to the actively proliferating *** attribute of CSCs allows them to differentiate into various cell types having diverse *** CSCs have a pivotal role in development,metastasis,treatment resistance and relapse of breast *** review focuses on the pathways regulating breast CSC maintenance and the current strategies that are being explored for directing the development of novel,targeted,therapeutic approaches for limiting and eradicating this aberrant stem cell population.

关键词： Molecular genomics Breast cancer stem cells Tumor microenvironment Molecular pathways Targeted therapy Inhibitors

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Effect of Purified Paper Wasp Ropalidia marginata Venom Toxin Enzyme Activity in Blood Serum, Liver, and Gastrocnemius Muscle of Albino Mice

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Advances in Enzyme Research 2023年第3期11卷 113-145页

作者： simran Sharma Ravi Kant Upadhyay Department of Zoology Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Gorakhpur University Gorakhpur India

In the present, investigation effects of sub-lethal dose of purified paper wasp Ropalidia marginata venom toxins were evaluated on important metabolic enzymes i.e. ALP ACP, GPT, GOT, LDH, and AchE enzyme activity in serum, liver, and gastrocnemius muscles of albino mice. Alkaline phosphatase was found to be increased up to 119.9% at the 6th hr of the toxin injection in comparison to control. This elevation may be due to cytolysis. Maximum increase i.e., 153.33% level of glutamate pyruvate transaminase (GPT) was found at 6 hrs of 40% of 24-h LD50 treatment while it was found to be 151.1% at 6 hrs of 24 hr 80% of LD50, venom injection. A significant elevation was observed in LDH activity in serum, liver, and muscles, while the activity of AchE was decreased in serum, liver, and gastrocnemius muscles of albino mice after injecting the sub-lethal dose of Ropalidia marginata venom. This increase in the activity of LDH produces liver damage, massive disintegration and necrosis of hepatic cells. This elevation in LDH level led to a significant increase in the glucose catabolism and elevated oxidative stress in muscle and liver cells. It also displays insufficient oxygen supply and consequently leads to cell death. In experimental animals, venom toxin treatment decreased AchE level, and animals showed muscular paralysis. When mice were treated with 40% and 80% of 24-h LD50 of purified venom caused a significant (p < 0.05) elevation in the level of ACP, GOT, GPT, and LDH while the reduction in ALP and AChE level. Present study will be useful in the development of prototypes for study of pharmacological and therapeutic effects of various venom toxins. For this purpose structure activity relationship of enzyme and venom toxin, its due interaction to various metabolic enzymes and receptors must be explored.

关键词： Ropalidia marginata Serum Liver and Rectus Abdominis Gastrocnemius Muscle Atria and Ventricle Acid Phosphatase (ACP) Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP) Glutamate Pyruvate Transaminase (GPT) and Glutamate Oxaloacetate Transaminase (GOT) Lactic Dehydrogenase (LDH) Acetylcholinesterase (AchE)

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