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Implications of membrane fouling toward the removal of the pharmaceutical sulfamethoxazole by nanofiltration processes

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science A(Applied Physics & Engineering) 2011年第8期12卷 575-582页

作者： Alexander simon William PRICE Long Duc NGHIEM School of Civil Mining and Environmental Engineering the University of Wollongong School of Chemistry the University of Wollongong

The influence of membrane fouling on the retention of the trace organic contaminant sulfamethoxazole by a nanofiltration(NF) process was *** fouling caused a severe flux decline possibly due to pore blocking and adsorption directly after the commencement of the fouling layer *** membrane-foulant interactions were absent for colloidal fouling,which resulted in a more gradual flux *** charge played a significant role in the separation process of inorganic salts,where the retention was the highest in a caustic environment(high pH) due to more swollen membrane material caused by the higher negative charge on the *** fouling and a combination of colloidal and organic fouling led to a significant increase in the membrane negative *** influence of membrane fouling on solute retention was dependent on the fouling behaviour and the physicochemical properties of the model foulants,where the model foulants probably contributed to an increase in the retention of charged solutes due to enhanced electrostatic *** fouling caused an increase in the retention of inorganic salts and sulfamethoxazole due to pore *** contrast,colloidal fouling caused a decrease in the retention of inorganic salts due to cake-enhanced concentration ***,the presence of a colloidal fouling layer did not reduce the retention of sulfamethoxazole.A mixture of colloidal and organic matter improved the retention of inorganic salts.A similar conclusion can be inferred for sulfamethoxazole at pH 4 when the compound exists in a neutral form.

关键词： Nanofiltration(NF) Organic fouling Colloidal fouling Combined fouling Trace organics Water reuse

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Primitive to conventional geometry projection for efficient phonon transport calculations

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npj Computational Materials 2023年第1期9卷 365-371页

作者： Xun Li simon Thébaud Lucas Lindsay Materials Science and Technology Division Oak Ridge National LaboratoryOak RidgeTNUSA Univ Rennes INSA RennesCNRSInstitut FOTON-UMR 6082RennesFrance

The primitive Wigner-Seitz cell and corresponding first Brillouin zone(FBZ)are typically used in calculations of lattice vibrational and transport properties as they contain the smallest number of degrees of freedom and thus have the cheapest computational ***,in complex materials,the FBZ can take on irregular shapes where lattice symmetries are not ***,conventional cells(with more atoms and regular shapes)are often used to describe materials,though dynamical and transport calculations are more *** we discuss an efficient anharmonic lattice dynamic method that maps conventional cell dynamics to primitive cell dynamics based on translational *** symmetries have not been utilized in typical lattice dynamical *** leads to phase interference conditions that act like conserved quantum numbers and a conservation rule for phonon scattering that is hidden in conventional dynamics which significantly reduces the computational *** demonstrate this method for phonon transport in a variety of materials with inputs from first-principles calculations and attribute its efficiency to reduced scattering phase space and fewer summations in scattering matrix element calculations.

关键词： phonon conventional primitive

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Treatment of eosinophlic esophagitis with swallowed topical corticosteroids

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2020年第36期26卷 5395-5407页

作者： simon Nennstiel Christoph Schlag Klinikum rechts der Isar der Technischen Universität München Klinik und Poliklinik für Innere Medizin IIMunich 81675Germany

Eosinophilic esophagitis(EoE)is an emerging chronic local immune-mediated disease of the *** proton pump inhibitors and food-restrictiondiets swallowed topical corticosteroids(STC)can be offered as a first line therapy according to current *** review describes the background and practical management of STCs in *** far,mainly asthma inhalers containing either budesonide or fluticasone have been administered to the esophagus by swallowing these medications“off label”.Recently esophagus-targeted formulations of topical steroids have been developed showing clinicopathological response rates up to 85%-an orodispersible tablet of budesonide has been approved as the first“in label”medication for EoE in Europe in June *** it was shown that disease remission induction of EoE by STCs is highly effective,there is still a lack of data regarding long-term and maintenance ***,current studies on STC maintenance therapy add some movement into the game.

关键词： Eosinophilic esophagitis Swallowed topical corticosteroids Esophagustargeted formulations of topical steroids Fluticasone Budesonide Budesonide orodispersible tablet Budesonide oral suspension

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Computational Intelligence and Games:Challenges and Opportunities

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International Journal of Automation and computing 2008年第1期5卷 45-57页

作者： simon M.Lucas Centre for Computational Intelligence Department of Computing and Electronic SystemsUniversity of EssexColchester CO4 3SQUK

The last few decades have seen a phenomenal increase in the quality, diversity and pervasiveness of computer games. The worldwide computer games market is estimated to be worth around USD 21bn annually, and is predicted to continue to grow rapidly. This paper reviews some of the recent developments in applying computational intelligence （CI） methods to games, points out some of the potential pitfalls, and suggests some fruitful directions for future research.

关键词： Games machine learning evolution temporal difference learning (TDL) neural networks n-tuple systems

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In vitro corrosion behaviour of phenolic coated nickel–titanium surfaces

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Biosurface and Biotribology 2020年第1期6卷 25-30页

作者： simon Longela Athanasios Chatzitakis IRC Tz P.O.Box 106048Dar es SalaamTanzania Department of Chemistry Centre for Materials Science and NanotechnologyUniversity of OsloFERMiOGaustadalléen 21NO-0349 OsloNorway

The biocompatibility of implantable nickel-titanium biomaterials relies on the quality of their *** this study,nickel-titanium surfaces are coated with phenolic thin films of tannic acid and pyrogallol with the purpose of studying their corrosion resistance in physiological *** tests are performed:the open-circuit potential test,potentiodynamic polarisation and potentiostatic electrochemical impedance *** measurements are scrutinised in order to gain knowledge concerning the kinetics of the cathodic and anodic reactions,while the open-circuit potentials and impedance spectroscopy help to study the electrolyte-surficial *** is found that coating nitinol with polyphenols results in the depletion of the native oxide layer and thus a decrease of corrosion *** treated nitinol surfaces(with a corrosion rate of 0.119 mm/year)are half as electrochemically corrosion resistive as tannic acid-coated ***,it is proposed that tannic treated nitinol would be a better option if implanted on biomaterial surfaces.

关键词： spectroscopy titanium phenolic

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A review of dual-spin projectile stability

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2020年第1期16卷 1-9页

作者： James Norris Amer Hameed John Economou simon Parker Centre for Defence Engineering Cranfield UniversityDefence Academy of the United KingdomShrivenhamSN68LA United Kingdom BAE Systems United Kingdom

This paper gives a succinct review of dual-spinprojectile stability and some technologies relating to *** describes how the traditional stability factors from linear projectile theory are modified to better describe a controlled dual-spin ***,it reviews works which have investigated how different aspects of a controlled dual-spin design can affect flight stability,primarily airframe structure and canard properties.A conclusion is given,highlighting important guidelines from the enclosed discussions.

关键词： Guided projectiles Dual-spin Gyroscopic Dynamic Stability Canards

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Strategies to prevent and detect intraoperative spinal cord ischemia during complex aortic surgery:from drainages and biomarkers

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Neural Regeneration Research 2021年第4期16卷 678-679页

作者： Alexander Gombert Florian simon Department of Vascular Surgery University Hospital RWTH Aachen AachenGermany Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery Heinrich-Heine-University of DüsseldorfDüsseldorfGermany

Spinal cord ischemia(SCI),a frequent complication following open and endovascular thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysm(TAAA)repair,is a feared complication with relevant impact on a patient's quality of *** the early days of open TAAA repair,more than one third of the patients suffered from ***,due to improved preventive measures and the option of staged endovascular TAAA repair,10%of all patients are affected by spinal cord problems after TAAA repair(Rocha et al.,2020).

关键词： ischemia aortic SCI

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Moving magnesium

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Molecular Plant 2022年第5期15卷 796-798页

作者： Arkadipta Bakshi simon Gilroy Department of Botany University of Wisconsin-MadisonBirge Hall430 Lincoln DriveMadisonWI 53076USA

Magnesium is required for multiple processes that are critical for plant growth and *** is an integral component of the chlorophyll molecule,is required for CO_(2) assimilation,acts as a cofactor for numerous enzymes,... 详细信息

关键词： development. magnesium component

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In situ characterization of particle formation in spray flame synthesis using wide-angle light scattering

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Particuology 2024年第3期86卷 304-312页

作者： simon Aβmann Franz J.T.Huber Stefan Will Lehrstuhl für Technische Thermodynamik(LTT) Friedrich-Alexander-Universitat Erlangen-Nürnberg(FAU)Erlangen91058Germany Erlangen Graduate Schoolin Advanced Optical Technologies(SAOT) Friedrich-Alexander-Universitat Erlangen-Nurnberg(FAU)Erlangen91052Germany Competence Unit Engineering of Advanced Materials(EAM) Friedrich-Alexander-Universitat Erlangen-Nürnberg(FAU)Erlangen91052Germany

Wide-angle light scattering(WALS)was used for in situ measurements of droplet and nanoparticle size distributions during the synthesis of titania and iron oxide particles from liquid precursor solutions in the standardized SpraySyn burner for spray flame *** was synthesized from titanium tetraisopropoxide(TTIP)and iron oxide from iron(II)nitrate nonahydrate(INN)using ethanol(EtOH)as *** images were taken at heights up to 120 mm above the burner surface and classified into droplet and particle *** size distributions were derived from a sequential analysis of scattering data containing the oscillating Mie pattern,the lognormal size distribution parameters for spherical and fractal particle fractions from a multivariate approach on averaged particle scattering *** results show that the precursor addition leads to altered evaporation behavior and even droplet disruption probably induced by puffing or micro-explosions compared to pure *** the case of TTIP(a hygroscopic alkoxide),the synthesis of a large fraction of spheres was observed,while the nitrate INN leads to the formation of mostly fractal aggregates.

关键词： Spray flame synthesis Metal oxide particles Elastic light scattering Droplet size distribution Nanoparticle morphology Particle size distribution

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Tweaking the acid-sensitivity of transiently thermoresponsive polyacrylamides with cyclic acetal repeating units

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Science China Chemistry 2020年第4期63卷 504-512页

作者： simon Van Herck Bruno G.De Geest Department of Pharmaceutics Ghent UniversityGhentBelgium

Merging the characteristics of thermoresponsive and stimuli-degradable polymers yields so-called transiently thermoresponsive polymers, which can find application for the design of injectable gels, nanoparticles, etc. within a biomedical context. Among these polymers, only a limited number is reported which shows selective degradation under mild acidic conditions. However,extension of the library of transiently thermoresponsive polymers is desired to broadening the biomaterials toolbox to suit specific needs. Three monomers were developed by modification of 2-hydroxyethylacrylamide(HEAm) via tetrahydropyranylation or-furanylation with 3,4-dihydro-2 H-pyran(DHP), 2,3-dihydrofuran(DHF) or 2,3-dihydro-5-methylfuran(MeDHF). The presence of an acetal or ketal bond provided the monomers a pH-dependent hydrolysis behavior ranging from minutes to days. RAFT polymerisation allowed for the construction of homopolymers with temperature responsive behavior and pH-dependent hydrolysis which was strongly influenced by nature of the monomeric repeating units.

关键词： acetals polyacrylamides stimuli-responsive

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