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Stepping up to meet the challenge of freezing of gait in Parkinson’s disease

Translational Neurodegeneration 2022年第1期11卷 589-600页

作者： simon lewis Stewart Factor Nir Giladi Alice Nieuwboer John Nutt Mark Hallett ForeFront Parkinson’s Disease Research Clinic Brain and Mind CentreSchool of Medical SciencesUniversity of SydneySydneyNSWAustralia Jean and Paul Amos Parkinson’s Disease and Movement Disorders Program Emory University School of MedicineAtlantaGAUSA Movement Disorders Unit Department of NeurologyTel-Aviv Sourasky Medical CenterSackler School of Medicine and Sagol School of NeuroscienceTel Aviv UniversityTel AvivIsrael Department of Rehabilitation Sciences KU LeuvenLeuvenBelgium Movement Disorder Section Department of NeurologyOregon Health&Science UniversityPortlandORUSA Human Motor Control Section National Institute of Neurological Disorders and StrokeNational Institutes of HealthBethesdaMDUSA.

There has been a growing appreciation for freezing of gait as a disabling symptom that causes a significant burden in Parkinson’s disease. Previous research has highlighted some of the key components that underlie the phenomenon, but these reductionist approaches have yet to lead to a paradigm shift resulting in the development of novel treatment strategies. Addressing this issue will require greater integration of multi-modal data with complex computational modeling, but there are a number of critical aspects that need to be considered before embarking on such an approach. This paper highlights where the field needs to address current gaps and shortcomings including the standardization of definitions and measurement, phenomenology and pathophysiology, as well as considering what available data exist and how future studies should be constructed to achieve the greatest potential to better understand and treat this devastating symptom.

关键词： Freezing of gait Computational modeling Standardized definitions and assessments Novel paradigms Phenomenology Pathophysiology Treatment

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Prediction modelling in the early detection of neonatal sepsis

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2022年第3期18卷 160-175页

作者： Puspita Sahu Elstin Anbu Raj Stanly Leslie Edward simon lewis Krishnananda Prabhu Mahadev Rao Vijayanarayana Kunhikatta Department of Pharmacy Practice Manipal College of Pharmaceutical SciencesManipal Academy of Higher Education(MAHE)Manipal 576104KarnatakaIndia Department of Paediatrics Kasturba Medical CollegeManipal Academy of Higher Education(MAHE)ManipalKarnatakaIndia 576104 Department of Biochemistry Kasturba Medical CollegeManipal Academy of Higher Education(MAHE)ManipalKarnatakaIndia 576104

Background Prediction modelling can greatly assist the health-care professionals in the management of diseases,thus sparking interest in neonatal sepsis *** main objective of the study was to provide a complete picture of performance of prediction models for early detection of neonatal *** PubMed,Scopus,CINAHL databases were searched and articles which used various prediction modelling measures for the early detection of neonatal sepsis were *** extraction was carried out based on Critical Appraisal and Data Extraction for Systematic Reviews of Prediction Modelling Studies *** data consisted of objective,study design,patient characteristics,type of statistical model,predictors,outcome,sample size and *** model Risk of Bias Assessment Tool was applied to gauge the risk of bias of the *** An aggregate of ten studies were included in the review among which eight studies had applied logistic regression to build a prediction model,while the remaining two had applied artificial *** predictors like neonatal fever,birth weight,foetal morbidity and gender,cervicovaginitis and maternal age were identified for the early detection of neonatal ***,birth weight,endotracheal intubation,thyroid hypofunction and umbilical venous catheter were promising factors for predicting late-onset sepsis;while gestational age,intrapartum temperature and antibiotics treatment were utilised as budding prognosticators for early-onset sepsis *** Prediction modelling approaches were able to recognise promising maternal,neonatal and laboratory predictors in the rapid detection of early and late neonatal sepsis and thus,can be considered as a novel way for clinician decisionmaking towards the disease diagnosis if not used alone,in the years to come.

关键词： Neonatal sepsis Predictors Prediction modelling Systematic review Validation

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A simple,azulene-based colorimetric probe for the detection of nitrite in water

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Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2020年第1期14卷 90-96,F0004页

作者： Lloyd C.Murfin Carlos M.Lopez-Alled Adam C.Sedgwick Jannis Wenk Tony D.James simon E.lewis Department of Chemistry University of BathBath BA27AYUK Centre for Sustainable Chemical Technologies University of BathBath BA27AYUK Department of Chemical Engineering and Water Innovation and Research Centre(WIRC@Bath) University of BathBath BA27AYUK

We describe the synthesis and evaluation of an azulene-based chemodosimeter for *** probe was found to undergo two distinct color changes upon introduction of aqueous nitrite ion.A near-instant formation of a grey color provides a qualitative indication of the presence of nitrite,followed by the formation of a deep-yellow/orange color,the endpoint from which quantitative data can be *** azulene probe exhibits 1:1 stoichiometry of reaction with nitrite in water,and is selective for nitrite over other *** azulene probe was applied to determine nitrite content in cured meat,and compared with the British Standard testing procedure(Griess test).The value obtained from the azulene-based probe agreed closely with the standard *** procedure only requires the preparation of one standard solution,instead of the three required for the standard Griess test.

关键词： azulene nitrite diazoquinone

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Engineering Colloidal Metal-Semiconductor Nanorods Hybrid Nanostructures for Photocatalysis

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Chinese Journal of Chemistry 2023年第22期41卷 3050-3062页

作者： Jiayi Chen Derek Hao Wei Chen Yazi Liu Zongyou Yin Hsien-Yi Hsu Bing-Jie Ni Aixiang Wang simon W.lewis Guohua Jia School of Molecular and LifeSciences Curtin UniversityBentleyPerth WA6102Australia Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater School of Civil and Environmental EngineeringUniversity of Technology SydneyUltimo NSW2007Australia School of the Environment Nanjing Normal UniversityNanjingJiangsu 210046China Research School of Chemistry TheAustralian National UniversityACT2601Australia School of Energy and Environment&Departmentof Materials Science and Engineering City University of Hong KongKowloon TongHongKongChinaand Shenzhen Research Instituteof City University of Hong KongShenzhen518057China school of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering LinyiUniversityLinyhandong 276005China

Emerging engineering strategies of colloidal metal-semiconductor nanorod hybrid nanostructures spanning from type,size,dimension,and location of both metal nanoparticles and semiconductors,co-catalyst,band gap structure,surface ligand to hole scavenger are elaborated symmetrically to rationalize the design of this type of intriguing materials for efficient photocatalytic applications.

关键词： Hybrid nanostructure Metal-semiconductor nanorod Engineering strategy Photocatalysis Hydrogen production

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Extravascular use of drug-eluting beads: A promising approach in compartment-based tumor therapy

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2013年第43期19卷 7586-7593页

作者： simon Binder Andrew L lewis J-Matthias Lhr Michael Keese Faculty of Medicine Mannheim University of Heidelberg68167 MannheimGermany Biocompatibles UK Ltd. Department for Research and DevelopmentFarnham GU98QL SurreyUnited Kingdom Karolinska Institute Department of Clinical ScienceIntervention and Technology17177 StockholmSweden Clinic for Vascular and Endovascular Surgery University Hospital Frankfurt60590 Frankfurt am MainGermany

Intraperitoneal carcinomatosis(PC)may occur with several tumor *** prognosis of patients suffering from PC is usually *** treatment depends on the cancer entity and includes systemic chemotherapy,radiation therapy,hormonal therapy and surgical *** few patients may also benefit from hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy with a complete tumor *** therapies are often accompanied by severe systemic *** approach to reduce side effects is to target chemotherapeutic agents to the tumor with carrier *** experimental results have been achieved using drug-eluting beads(DEBs).A series of in vitro and in vitro experiments has been conducted to determine the suitability of their extravascular *** encapsulation devices were able to harbor CYP2B1producing cells and to shield them from the hosts immune system when injected *** this way ifosfamide-which is transformed into its active metabolites by CYP2B1-could be successfully targeted into pancreatic tumor *** DEBs can be used to target chemotherapeutics into the abdominal cavity for treatment of *** CYP2B1 producing cells are proven to be save for usage in man and if local toxic effects of chemotherapeutics can be controlled,DEBs will become promising tools in compartmentbased anticancer treatment.

关键词： Compartment based therapy Intraperitoneal Drug-eluting beads Carcinomatosis Hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy Glioblastoma Pancreatic cancer CYP2B1 Ifosfamide

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Could zinc dipicolinate be used to“smuggle”zinc into prostate cancer cells?

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Journal of Cancer Metastasis and Treatment 2020年第1期6卷 209-213页

作者： Mark F.McCarty simon Iloki Assanga Lidianys lewis Lujan Catalytic Longevity Foundation San DiegoCA 92109USA Department of Research and Postgraduate in Food University of SonoraHermosillo 83210Mexico

Although prostate epithelium concentrates zinc for the purpose of promoting citrate secretion,it loses its capacity to import zinc while undergoing malignant *** exclusion of zinc may be necessary for the viability of prostate cancer,as measures which increase the intracellular zinc content of prostate cancers lead to cell death,oxidative stress,and a marked reduction in ATP,suggestive of mitochondrial *** anti-fungal drug clioquinol,which can act as a zinc ionophore,can markedly slow the growth of human prostate cancer in nude mice,and has been proposed as a clinical therapy for prostate ***,clioquinol is currently only available as a topical agent,as it was linked to subacute myelo-optic neuropathy with oral use.A more practical option for promoting zinc transport may be offered by the nutraceutical zinc dipicolinate,a stable chelate in which four coordination positions of zinc are occupied by two molecules of the tryptophan metabolite picolinic *** dipicolinate is a highly effective supplemental source of zinc that has been shown to be more potent than soluble zinc salts for alleviating the symptoms of acrodermatitis enteropathica,a genetic zinc deficiency disorder reflecting homozygous loss of functional ZIP4 zinc importers in *** suggests that the zinc dipicolinate complex is sufficiently stable and lipophilic to transfer zinc across cellular *** so,it may have potential for“smuggling”zinc into prostate cancer ***,cell culture and rodent studies to evaluate the impact of zinc dipicolinate on human prostate cancer are warranted.

关键词： Prostate cancer zinc clioquinol picolinic acid ZIP4

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Influence of Rehabilitation on Oxygen Uptake Kinetics during High Intensity Exercise in Patients with Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis

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Open Journal of Respiratory Diseases 2020年第4期10卷 59-74页

作者： Sameera Peumal Senanayake Kim Harrison simon Hilldrup Michael lewis Swansea University Swansea UK General Sir John Kotelawala Defence University Ratmalana Sri Lanka Respiratory Unit Morriston Hospital Abertawe Bro Morgannwg University Health Board Swansea UK

Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic, progressive and life-limiting condition of unknown cause with no curative treatment. The impact of IPF on a patient’s quality of life is devastating and palliative treatment such as pulmonary rehabilitation programmes are used to improve quality of life among these individuals, yet relatively little attention has been made to access the effectiveness of rehabilitation programs aimed designed for these patients. There are large gaps in our knowledge on the cardiorespiratory response to exercise and rehabilitation among IPF patients and this study aims to fill this gap in a physiological prospective. We quantified the effects of an eight-week pulmonary rehabilitation program for IPF patients, conducted at Morriston Hospital, Swansea. Fifteen individuals (13 with Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis and two with Pulmonary Fibrosis associated with Rheumatoid Disease) underwent physical and physiological assessments during a three-day testing protocol: 1) On Day 1, physical function (six-minute walk test) and ventilatory function (spirometry) were measured;2) On Day 2, patients’ cardio-respiratory responses to slowly-increasing, wide-ranging metabolic challenge (using a protocol consisting of periods of rest, incremental bicycle exercise to maximal effort, and post-exercise recovery) were assessed via respiratory gas analysis and ECG recording;3) On Day 3, patients’ cardio-respiratory responses to rapid-onset, high-workload metabolic challenge were assessed (using a protocol including a rapid-onset, constant workload bicycle exercise) by modelling dynamic respiratory oxygen and heart rate responses. Respiratory gas analysis was used to measure the rate of oxygen uptake ( VO2 ) and oxygen uptake efficiency (OUES). All assessments were performed before and after participants completed the pulmonary rehabilitation programme. A Holter ECG recorder (Pathfinder/Lifecard Digital CF system;Spacelabs Medical Ltd., UK) provided

关键词： IPF VO2 OUES Rehabilitation Physiology

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Modulating arousal to overcome gait impairments in Parkinson’s disease:how the noradrenergic system may act as a double-edged sword

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Translational Neurodegeneration 2023年第1期12卷 666-676页

作者： Anouk Tosserams Bastiaan R.Bloem Kaylena A.Ehgoetz Martens Rick C.Helmich Roy P.C.Kessels James M.Shine Natasha L.Taylor Gabriel Wainstein simon J.G.lewis Jorik Nonnekes Department of Neurology Center of Expertise for Parkinson and Movement DisordersRadboud University Medical CentreDonders Institute for BrainCognition and BehaviourNijmegenThe Netherlands Department of Rehabilitation Center of Expertise for Parkinson and Movement DisordersRadboud University Medical CentreDonders Institute for BrainCognition and BehaviourPO Box 91016500 HB NijmegenThe Netherlands Department of Kinesiology and Health Sciences University of WaterlooWaterlooONCanada Department of Neuropsychology and Rehabilitation Psychology Donders Institute for BrainCognition and BehaviourRadboud UniversityNijmegenThe Netherlands Department of Medical Psychology and Radboudumc Alzheimer Center Radboud University Medical CentreDonders Institute for BrainCognition and BehaviourNijmegenThe Netherlands Vincent Van Gogh Institute for Psychiatry VenrayThe Netherlands Klimmendaal Rehabili-tation Center ArnhemThe Netherlands Brain and Mind Centre Parkinson’s Disease Research ClinicSchool of Medical SciencesUniversity of SydneyCamperdownNSWAustralia Centre for Complex Systems The University of SydneyCamperdownNSWAustralia Department of Rehabilitation Sint MaartenskliniekNijmegenThe Netherlands.

In stressful or anxiety-provoking situations,most people with Parkinson’s disease(PD)experience a general worsening of motor symptoms,including their gait ***,a proportion of patients actually report benefits from experiencing-or even purposely inducing-stressful or high-arousal *** data from a large-scale international survey study among 4324 people with PD and gait impairments within the online Fox Insight(USA)and ParkinsonNEXT(NL)cohorts,we demonstrate that individuals with PD deploy an array of mental state alteration strategies to cope with their gait ***,these strategies differ along an axis of arousal-some act to heighten,whereas others diminish,overall sympathetic ***,our observations suggest that arousal may act as a double-edged sword for gait control in *** propose a theoretical,neurobiological framework to explain why heightened arousal can have detrimental effects on the occurrence and severity of gait impairments in some individuals,while alleviating them in ***,we postulate that this seemingly contradictory phenomenon is explained by the inherent features of the ascending arousal system:namely,that arousal is related to task performance by an inverted u-shaped curve(the so-called Yerkes and Dodson relationship).We propose that the noradrenergic locus coeruleus plays an important role in modulating PD symptom severity and expression,by regulating arousal and by mediating network-level functional integration across the *** ability of the locus coeruleus to facilitate dynamic‘cross-talk’between distinct,otherwise largely segregated brain regions may facilitate the necessary cerebral compensation for gait impairments in *** the presence of suboptimal arousal,compensatory networks may be too segregated to allow for adequate ***,with supraoptimal arousal,increased cross-talk between competing inputs of these complementary networks may emerge and become dysf

关键词： Arousal Gait Parkinson’s disease Freezing of gait Locus coeruleus

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Rapid,high-resolution detection of environmental change over continental scales from satellite data–the Earth Observation Data Cube

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2016年第1期9卷 106-111页

作者： Adam lewis Leo Lymburner Matthew B.J.Purss Brendan Brooke Ben Evans Alex Ip Arnold G.Dekker James R.Irons Stuart Minchin Norman Mueller simon Oliver Dale Roberts Barbara Ryan Medhavy Thankappan Rob Woodcock Lesley Wyborn Geoscience Australia CanberraAustralia National Computational Infrastructure Australian National UniversityCanberraAustralia Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation CanberraAustralia NASA Goddard Space Flight Center GreenbeltMDUSA Research School of Finance Actuarial Studies and Applied StatisticsANUCanberraAustralia The Group on Earth Observations Secretariate GenevaSwitzerland

The effort and cost required to convert satellite Earth Observation(EO)data into meaningful geophysical variables has prevented the systematic analysis of all available *** overcome these problems,we utilise an integrated High Performance Computing and Data environment to rapidly process,restructure and analyse the Australian Landsat data *** this approach,the EO data are assigned to a common grid framework that spans the full geospatial and temporal extent of the observations–the EO Data *** approach is pixel-based and incorporates geometric and spectral calibration and quality assurance of each Earth surface reflectance *** demonstrate the utility of the approach with rapid time-series mapping of surface water across the entire Australian continent using 27 years of continuous,25 m resolution *** preliminary analysis of the Landsat archive shows how the EO Data Cube can effectively liberate high-resolution EO data from their complex sensor-specific data structures and revolutionise our ability to measure environmental change.

关键词： Earth Observation Data Cube HPD HPC surface water Landsat Australia

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Molten Salt-Shielded Synthesis(MS^(3))of MXenes in Air

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Energy & Environmental Materials 2023年第2期6卷 159-164页

作者： Jinjin Chen Qianqian Jin Youbing Li Hui Shao Pengcheng Liu Ying Liu Pierre-Louis Taberna Qing Huang Zifeng Lin Patrice simon College of Materials Science and Engineering Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610065China Materials Science and Engineering Research Center Guangxi University of Science and TechnologyLiuzhou 545006China Engineering Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesNingbo 315201China Qianwan Institute of CNiTECH Zhongchuangyi RoadHangzhou Bay DistrictNingbo 315336China CIRIMAT Universit´e de ToulouseCNRSToulouse 31400France R´eseau sur le Stockage Electrochimique de l’Energie(RS2E)FR CNRS no 3459 Engineering Research Center of Alternative Energy Materials&Devices Ministry of EducationChina

MXenes are two-dimensional transition metal carbides and/or nitrides with unique physiochemical properties and have attracted extensive interest in numerous ***,current MXene synthesis methods are limited by hazardous synthesis conditions,high production costs,or difficulty in largescale ***,a general,safe,cost-effective,and scalable synthesis method for MXenes is ***,we report the fast synthesis of MXenes in the open air using a molten salt-shielded synthesis(MS^(3))method,which uses lewis-acid salts as etchants and a low-melting-point eutectic salt mixture as the reaction medium and shield to prevent MXene oxidation at high *** and nitride MXenes,including Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x),Ti_(2)CT_(x),Ti_(3)CNT_(x),and Ti_(4)N_(3)T_(x),were successfully synthesized using the MS^(3) *** also present the flexibility of the MS^(3) method by scaling the etching process to large batches of 20 and 60 g of Ti_(3)AlC_(2) MAX precursor in one *** used as negative electrodes,the prepared MS^(3)-MXenes delivered excellent electrochemical properties for high-rate Li-ion storage.

关键词： carbides lithium-ion storage molten salt synthesis MXene nitrides

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