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Regenerative Biomaterials 2015年第2期2卷 77-85页

作者： Zafar Ahmad jennifer H.Shepherd David V.Shepherd Siddhartha Ghose simon j.kew Ruth E.Cameron Serena M.Best Roger A.Brooks john Wardale Neil Rushton Orthopaedic Research Unit Department of Surgery University of CambridgeAddenbrooke’s HospitalCambridgeCB20QQUK Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy University of CambridgeCambridgeCB30FSUK Tigenix Ltd CambridgeCB40FYUK

Reconstituted type I collagen fibres have received considerable interest as tendon implant materials due to their chemical and structural similarity to the native *** produced through a semi-continuous extrusion process were cross-linked with different concentrations of the zerolength cross-linker 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide(EDC)in combination with N-hydroxysuccinimide(NHS).Tensile properties of the fibres were considered,along with imaging of both surface structure and fibrillar *** of the fibres to bacterial collagenase was investigated and fibre sections seeded with human tendon cells for biological characterization,including cell adhesion and *** work clearly demonstrated that whilst the concentration of EDC and NHS had no significant effect on the mechanics,a higher concentration was associated with higher collagenase resistance,but also provided a less attractive surface for cell adhesion and proliferation.A lower cross-linking concentration offered a more biocompatible material without reduction in mechanics and with a potentially more optimal degradability.

关键词： biopolymer scaffolds soft tissue

In situ characterization of particle formation in spray flame synthesis using wide-angle light scattering

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Particuology 2024年第3期86卷 304-312页

作者： simon Aβmann Franz j.T.Huber Stefan Will Lehrstuhl für Technische Thermodynamik(LTT) Friedrich-Alexander-Universitat Erlangen-Nürnberg(FAU)Erlangen91058Germany Erlangen Graduate Schoolin Advanced Optical Technologies(SAOT) Friedrich-Alexander-Universitat Erlangen-Nurnberg(FAU)Erlangen91052Germany Competence Unit Engineering of Advanced Materials(EAM) Friedrich-Alexander-Universitat Erlangen-Nürnberg(FAU)Erlangen91052Germany

Wide-angle light scattering(WALS)was used for in situ measurements of droplet and nanoparticle size distributions during the synthesis of titania and iron oxide particles from liquid precursor solutions in the standardized SpraySyn burner for spray flame *** was synthesized from titanium tetraisopropoxide(TTIP)and iron oxide from iron(II)nitrate nonahydrate(INN)using ethanol(EtOH)as *** images were taken at heights up to 120 mm above the burner surface and classified into droplet and particle *** size distributions were derived from a sequential analysis of scattering data containing the oscillating Mie pattern,the lognormal size distribution parameters for spherical and fractal particle fractions from a multivariate approach on averaged particle scattering *** results show that the precursor addition leads to altered evaporation behavior and even droplet disruption probably induced by puffing or micro-explosions compared to pure *** the case of TTIP(a hygroscopic alkoxide),the synthesis of a large fraction of spheres was observed,while the nitrate INN leads to the formation of mostly fractal aggregates.

关键词： Spray flame synthesis Metal oxide particles Elastic light scattering Droplet size distribution Nanoparticle morphology Particle size distribution

Effects of a school-based karate intervention on academic achievement,psychosocial functioning,and physical fitness:A multi-country cluster randomized controlled trial

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journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第1期13卷 90-98页

作者： Tania Pinto-Escalona Erica Gobbi Pedro L.Valenzuela simon j.Bennett Pierluigi Aschieri Manuel Martin-Loeches Antonio Paoli Oscar Martinez-de-Quel Faculty of Education Complutense University of MadridMadrid 28040Spain Department of Biomolecular Sciences University of Urbino“Carlo Bo”Urbino 61029Italy Department of Systems Biology University of AlcaláMadrid 28805Spain Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences Faculty of ScienceLiverpool John Moores UniversityLiverpoolL33AFUK Italian judo WrestlingKarate and Martial Arts FederationRome 00122Italy Psychobiology&Methods for the Behavioural Sciences Department Complutense University of MadridMadrid 28040Spain Department of Biomedical Sciences University of PaduaPadua 35122Italy

Purpose:To examine the effects of a school-based karate intervention on academic achievement,psychosocial functioning,and physical fitness in children aged 7-8 ***:Twenty schools in 5 different European countries(2 second-grade classrooms per school)participated in a cluster randomized controlled trial(Sport at School trial).Participants were assigned to either a control group,which continued with their habitual physical education lessons,or to an intervention group,which replaced these lessons with a 1-year karate intervention(Karate Mind and Movement program).A total of 721 children(344 girls and 377 boys,7.4±0.5 years old,mean±SD)completed the study,of which 333 and 388 were assigned to the control group and intervention group,*** included academic performance(average grade),psychosocial functioning(Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire for parents),and different markers of physical fitness(cardiorespiratory fitness,balance,and flexibility).Results:The intervention provided small but significant benefits compared to the control group for academic achievement(d=0.16;p=0.003),conduct problems(d=-0.28;p=0.003),cardiorespiratory fitness(d=0.36;p0.05).Conclusion:A 1-year school-based karate intervention was effective in improving academic achievement,conduct problems,and physical fitness in primary school *** results support the inclusion of karate during physical education lessons.

关键词： Academic performance Cardiorespiratory fitness Conduct problems Karate Physical fitness

Piezo1 expression in chondrocytes controls endochondral ossification and osteoarthritis development

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Bone Research 2024年第1期12卷 199-214页

作者： Laura j.Brylka Assil-Ramin Alimy Miriam E.A.Tschaffon-Müller Shan jiang Tobias Malte Ballhause Anke Baranowsky simon von Kroge julian Delsmann Eva Pawlus Kian Eghbalian Klaus Püschel Astrid Schoppa Melanie Haffner-Luntzer David j.Beech Frank Timo Beil Michael Amling johannes Keller Anita Ignatius Timur A.Yorgan Tim Rolvien Thorsten Schinke Department of Osteology and Biomechanics University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf20246 HamburgGermany Department of Trauma and Orthopedic Surgery University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf20246 HamburgGermany Institute of Orthopedic Research and Biomechanics University Medical Center UlmBadenWürttemberg89081 UlmGermany Department Legal Medicine University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf20246 HamburgGermany Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine School of MedicineUniversity of LeedsLS29JT LeedsUK

Piezo proteins are mechanically activated ion channels,which are required for mechanosensing functions in a variety of cell *** we and others have previously demonstrated that the expression of Piezo1 in osteoblast lineage cells is essential for boneanabolic processes,there was only suggestive evidence indicating a role of Piezo1 and/or Piezo2 in *** we addressed the question if and how chondrocyte expression of the mechanosensitive proteins Piezo1 or Piezo2 controls physiological endochondral ossification and pathological osteoarthritis(OA)*** with chondrocyte-specific inactivation of Piezo1(Piezo1^(Col2a1Cre)),but not of Piezo2,developed a near absence of trabecular bone below the chondrogenic growth plate ***,all Piezo1^(Col2a1Cre) animals displayed multiple fractures of rib bones at 7 days of age,which were located close to the growth *** skeletal growth was only mildly affected in these mice,OA pathologies were markedly less pronounced compared to littermate controls at 60 weeks of ***,when OA was induced by anterior cruciate ligament transection,only the chondrocyte inactivation of Piezo1,not of Piezo2,resulted in attenuated articular cartilage ***,osteophyte formation and maturation were also reduced in Piezo1^(Col2a1Cre) *** further observed increased Piezo1 protein abundance in cartilaginous zones of human ***,we identified Ptgs2 and Ccn2 as potentially relevant Piezo1 downstream genes in ***,our data do not only demonstrate that Piezo1 is a critical regulator of physiological and pathological endochondral ossification processes,but also suggest that Piezo1 antagonists may be established as a novel approach to limit osteophyte formation in OA.

关键词： Piezo1 markedly ossification

A system-on-chip microwave photonic processor solves dynamic RF interference in real time with picosecond latency

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Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第1期13卷 91-102页

作者： Weipeng Zhang joshua C.Lederman Thomas Ferreira de Lima jiawei Zhang simon Bilodeau Leila Hudson Alexander Tait Bhavin j.Shastri Paul R.Prucnal Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Princeton UniversityPrinceton08544NJUSA NEC Laboratories America Princeton08540NJUSA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Queen’s UniversityKingstonK7L 3N6OntarioCanada Department of Physics Engineering Physics and AstronomyQueen’s UniversityKingstonK7L 3N6OntarioCanada

Radio-frequency interference is a growing concern as wireless technology advances,with potentially life-threatening consequences like interference between radar altimeters and 5 G cellular *** transceivers mix signals with varying ratios over time,posing challenges for conventional digital signal processing(DSP)due to its high *** challenges will worsen as future wireless technologies adopt higher carrier frequencies and data ***,conventional DSPs,already on the brink of their clock frequency limit,are expected to offer only marginal speed *** paper introduces a photonic processor to address dynamic interference through blind source separation(BSS).Our system-on-chip processor employs a fully integrated photonic signal pathway in the analogue domain,enabling rapid demixing of received mixtures and recovering the signal-of-interest in under 15 *** reduction in latency surpasses electronic counterparts by more than three orders of *** complement the photonic processor,electronic peripherals based on field-programmable gate array(FPGA)assess the effectiveness of demixing and continuously update demixing weights at a rate of up to 305 *** compact setup features precise dithering weight control,impedance-controlled circuit board and optical fibre packaging,suitable for handheld and mobile *** experimentally demonstrate the processor’s ability to suppress transmission errors and maintain signal-to-noise ratios in two scenarios,radar altimeters and mobile *** work pioneers the real-time adaptability of integrated silicon photonics,enabling online learning and weight adjustments,and showcasing practical operational applications for photonic processing.

关键词： processor mixing dynamic

Learning from the heaviest ancient whale

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The Innovation 2023年第5期4卷 21-22页

作者： Peijun Zhang simon j.Goodman Marine Mammal and Marine Bioacoustics Laboratory Institute of Deep-sea Science and EngineeringChinese Academy of Sciences28 Luhuitou RoadSanya 572000China School of Biology Faculty of Biological SciencesUniversity of LeedsLeeds LS29JTUK

A groundbreaking study published in Nature by Bianucci et *** reported the discovery of a new basilosaurid species,Perucetus colossus(Figure 1).The incomplete fossil skeleton found in Peru is around 39 million years *** ancient whale challenges the long-held belief that the blue whale represents the largest known animal to have ever lived on *** is estimated to have had a body mass between 85 and 340 tons,with an average of 180 tons.1 In comparison,extant blue whales have an estimated body mass of 100–150 *** new study proposes that *** was adapted to a fully aquatic lifestyle in shallow water with slow swimming speeds,similar to extant *** bone mass would have aided buoyancy control while diving to shallow depths,as seen in modern-day *** new discovery not only challenges our understanding of mammalian maximum body mass evolution,but it also expands our knowledge of the lifestyle of ancient cetaceans.

关键词： shallow Figure ancient

Spin-polarized electron beam generation in the colliding-pulse injection scheme

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Matter and Radiation at Extremes 2023年第6期8卷 49-62页

作者： Zheng Gong Michael j.Quin simon Bohlen Christoph HKeitel Kristjan Põder Matteo Tamburini Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik Saupfercheckweg 169117 HeidelbergGermany Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY Notkestr.8522607 HamburgGermany

Employing colliding-pulse injection has been shown to enable the generation of high-quality electron beams from laser-plasma ***,by using test particle simulations,Hamiltonian analysis,and multidimensional particle-in-cell simulations,we lay the theoretical framework for spin-polarized electron beam generation in the colliding-pulse injection ***,we show that this scheme enables the production of quasi-monoenergetic electron beams in excess of 80%polarization and tens of pC charge with commercial 10-TW-class laser systems.

关键词： polarized scheme enable

High Q and sub-wavelength THz electric field confinement in ultrastrongly coupled THz resonators

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光子学研究:英文版 2023年第7期11卷 1203-1216页

作者： simon MESSELOT SOLEN COEYMANS jEROME TIGNON SUKHDEEP DHILLON jULIETTE MANGENEY Laboratoire de Physique de l’Ecole Normale Supérieure Ecole normale supérieurePSL UniversitySorbonne UniversitéUniversitéParis DiderotSorbonne Paris CitéCNRS24 rue Lhomond75005 ParisFrance

The control of light–matter coupling at the single electron level is currently a subject of growing interest for the development of novel quantum devices and for studies and applications of quantum *** the terahertz(THz)spectral range,this raises the particular and difficult challenge of building electromagnetic resonators that can conciliate low mode volume and high quality ***,we report on hybrid THz cavities based on ultrastrong coupling between a Tamm cavity and an LC circuit metamaterial and show that they can combine high quality factors of up to Q=37 with a deep-subwavelength mode volume of V=3.2×10^(-4)λ^(3).Our theoretical and experimental analysis of the coupled mode properties reveals that,in general,the ultrastrong coupling between a metamaterial and a Fabry–Perot cavity is an effective tool to almost completely suppress radiative losses and,thus,ultimately limit the total losses to the losses in the metallic *** Tamm cavity-LC metamaterial coupled resonators open a route toward the development of single photon THz emitters and detectors and to the exploration of ultrastrong THz light–matter coupling with a high degree of coherence in the few to single electron limit.

关键词： coupling cavity coupled

A simultaneous approach for integration of thermal energy storages in industrial processes using multiperiod heat integration

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Energy Storage and Saving 2022年第2期1卷 117-128页

作者： simon Möhren Christian Schäfer jörg Meyer Hartmut Krause SWK E2 Institute for Energy Technology and Energy Management Hochschule Niederrhein University of Applied ScienceKrefeld47805Germany Institute of Thermal Engineering TU Bergakademie FreibergFreiberg09599Germany

In times of increasing global warming,enormous efforts are required to rapidly reduce greenhouse gas(GHG)*** to the EU’s target of climate neutrality by 2050 and the even more ambitious goal of becoming climate-neutral in Germany by 2045,it is necessary to systematically increase energy efficiency and decarbonize the industrial heat *** methods of heat integration can be used to exploit existing potentials for waste heat utilization and to integrate renewable technologies for heating and *** using a non-stationary,multiperiod approach,additional energy savings can be achieved by integrating a thermal energy storage(TES)that enables heat transportation over *** paper presents a simultaneous approach for thermal energy storage integration into multiperiod heat integration *** approach can be used to minimize energy demand,costs and CO 2 emissions and is demonstrated in two case *** case study 1,it is shown that the presented approach is capable of integrating a TES properly into a simple multiperiod heat integration problem with two *** case study 2,a simplified example from a cosmetics manufactory is *** total utility demand can be reduced by up to 44.3%due to TES integration and the energetic optimal storage size can be determined as 125 m *** savings are strongly dependent on the constellation of heat flows between the periods,on the temperature levels and on the storage *** reductions of energy demand,costs and CO 2 emissions can be achieved with TES being properly integrated into a suitable operating environment.

关键词： Multiperiod heat integration Thermal energy storage Waste heat utilization Heat exchanger network Energy efficiency

Hemispheric Specialization of the Primate Inferior Parietal Lobule

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2022年第3期38卷 334-336页

作者： Sam Vickery simon B Eickhoff Patrick Friedrich Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine Brain&Behaviour(INM-7)Research Centre Jülich52428JülichGermany Institute of Systems Neuroscience Medical FacultyHeinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf40225DüsseldorfGermany

Hemispheric asymmetries can be seen as one of the evolutionary adaptations that allowed the human brain to muster more complex cognitive processes than other *** this vein,the study published by Cheng et al.[1]presents a pivotal investigation of both the regional and connectional asymmetries within the inferior parietal lobule(IPL)in human,chimpanzee,and *** investigating 4 sub-divisions of the IPL across the three species,Cheng and colleagues showed that the macroanatomical and connectional architecture of the IPL became more asymmetric throughout the primate *** macaques show little to no structural asymmetries,chimpanzees display a more asymmetric architecture but with both leftward and rightward asymmetries in various *** contrast,the human IPL displayed the highest number of asymmetries among the three species with a clear tendency towards more *** evolutionary trend towards a more lateralized organization of the IPL may have accompanied an improved command of tool-use,stronger forelimb asymmetries,and the increasing complexity of communicative behavior.

关键词： asymmetric erior allowed