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Discrimination of conspecifics from heterospecifics in a hybrid zone: Behavioral and chemical cues in ants

Insect Science 2022年第1期29卷 276-288页

作者： marion Cordonnier Bernard Kaufmann Laurent simon Gilles Escarguel Nathalie mondy Univ Lyon Universite Claude Bernard Lyon 1CNRSENTPEUMR 5023 LEHNAF-69622VilleurbanneFrance

Species and nestmate recognition in social insects occurs mostly through cuticular hydrocarbons acting as chemical cues. These compounds generate a colony-specific odor profile depending on genetic and environmental factors. Species and nestmate recognition results in specific behavioral responses, regulating the level of aggression toward other individuals during an interaction. Although species discrimination and recognition cues have been poorly studied in the context of interspecific hybridization, such systems offer an opportunity to further investigate the influence of heritable and environmental factors on recognition. We explored the strength of discrimination in a hybrid zone between two ant species—Tetramorium immigrans and T. caespitum—by comparing cuticular hydrocarbon profiles and measuring intra- and interspecific worker aggression in both areas of sympatry and areas of allopatry among species. Species cuticular hydrocarbon profiles were well-differentiated and interspecific aggression was high, revealing highly discriminating species recognition cues. Hybrids’ cuticular hydrocarbon profiles consisted of a mixture of the parental bouquets, but also exhibited hybrid-specific patterns. Behavioral assays showed that T. immigrans is as aggressive toward hybrids as toward heterospecifics. Finally, aggression between heterospecific workers was lower when interacting individuals came from areas of sympatry among species than from areas of allopatry. Taken as a whole, these findings paint a particularly complex picture of the recognition system in T. immigrans, T. caespitum, and their hybrids, and highlight that hybrid zones afford a still underexplored opportunity for investigating recognition mechanisms and discrimination between species.

关键词： aggressive behavior ants cuticular hydrocarbons hybrid zone recognition cues Tetramorium

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machine learning potentials for metal-organic frameworks using an incremental learning approach

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npj Computational materials 2023年第1期9卷 2147-2154页

作者： Sander Vandenhaute maarten Cools-Ceuppens simon DeKeyser Toon Verstraelen Veronique Van Speybroeck Center for molecular modeling Ghent UniversityTechnologiepark 469052 ZwijnaardeBelgium

Computational modeling of physical processes in metal-organic frameworks(mOFs)is highly challenging due to the presence of spatial heterogeneities and complex operating conditions which affect their *** functional theory(DFT)may describe interatomic interactions at the quantum mechanical level,but is computationally too expensive for systems beyond the nanometer and picosecond ***,we propose an incremental learning scheme to construct accurate and data-efficient machine learning potentials for *** scheme builds on the power of equivariant neural network potentials in combination with parallelized enhanced sampling and on-the-fly training to simultaneously explore and learn the phase space in an iterative *** only a few hundred single-point DFT evaluations per material,accurate and transferable potentials are obtained,even for flexible frameworks with multiple structurally different *** incremental learning scheme is universally applicable and may pave the way to model framework materials in larger spatiotemporal windows with higher accuracy.

关键词： framework incremental neural

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Urban growth dynamics and expansion forms in 11 Tanzanian cities from 1990 to 2020

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2023年第1期16卷 1985-2001页

作者： Neema simon Sumari Fanan Ujoh Calvin Samwel Swai muchen Zheng Department of Informatics and Information TechnologyCollege of Natural and Applied Sciences(CoNAS)Sokoine University of AgricultureMorogoroTanzania Center for Sustainability and Resilient Infrastructure and Communities(SaRIC) London South Bank UniversityLondonUnited Kingdom Department of Water Resources and Environmental management Faculty of GeoInformation Science and Earth Observation(ITC)University of TwenteEnschedeThe Netherlands School of Resource and Environmental Sciences Wuhan UniversityWuhanPeople’s Republic of China

With rapid urban expansion across Tanzania,there is a need to institute steps to address factors and forms as well as impacts and challenges associated with the observed *** study’s aim is to use spatial urban landscape indices to analyze the spatial changes in urban forms,patterns,and rates across 11 urban centers in Tanzania over a 30-year study period(1990–2020).During the past three decades,urban lands of 11 cities and town in Tanzania have grown by a total of 480 *** growth was found as the most dominant form of urban expansion in Tanzania while Dodoma,the capital city of Tanzania,had the highest rate of urban expansion when compared to all other individual *** most robust and significant interaction of the AWmLEI and mLEI was found in Kigoma,Arusha,mtwara,mafinga,and Tunduma *** contrast,mbeya agricultural city,Arusha the tourist city,Tabora,and Geita Lake zone areas did show their own peculiarities revealing an interesting spatial temporal variation in rate and form of *** outcome of this study reveals that the influence and management of economic and socio-cultural opportunities will be an effective tool for the determination of the rapidly expanding cities and towns of Tanzania.

关键词： Urban growth indices drivers of urban forms urban forms and patterns landscape metrics Tanzania

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Patterns of sperm use by twice-mated female Queensland fruit flies

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Insect Science 2022年第4期29卷 1159-1169页

作者： Jason Shadmany Siu F.lee Thu N.m.Nguyen Phillip W.Taylor Applied BioSciences Macquarie UniversityNorth RydeNSWAustralia CSIRO Land and Water Black MountainACTAustralia School of BioSciences University of MelbourneParkvilleVictoriaAustralia

multiple mating by females,polyandry,is common in insects,including in tephritid fruit *** insects that remate commonly store sperm of multiple *** the sperm of different males contribute to paternity is an important element of sexual *** behavior and reproduction of the Queensland fruit fly(Qfly),Bactrocera tryoni,has been extensively investigated both in relation to understanding this economically important species’reproductive biology and in relation to implications for Sterile Insect Technique(SIT),whereby sterile flies are released to constrain reproduction of pest *** numerous studies of pre-and postcopulatory sexual selection in Qfly,there have been no direct studies of paternity patterns in polyandrous female *** used two morphologically distinguishable lines to investigate patterns of sperm use in *** two lines showed comparable mating performance evidenced by similar mating and remating frequency,copula duration,and proportion of second mate paternity(P2)between reciprocal *** mechanism of sperm usage,with P2 close to 0.5 immediately after the second mating followed by gradual decrease of P2 as females aged,is most consistent with stratification or repositioning of *** observed in the present study are compared with the available information from other tephritid fruit flies,and are discussed in relation to this species’reproductive biology,known patterns of sperm storage,and SIT.

关键词： muliple mating polyandry sperm competition sperm pecedence Tephritidac

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Emission spectroscopy of NayF_(4):Eu nanorods optically trapped by Fresnel lens fibers

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Photonics Research 2022年第2期10卷 332-339页

作者： Aashutosh Kumar Asa Asadollahbaik Jeongmo Kim Khalid Lahlil simon Thiele Alois m.Herkommer Síle Nic Chormaic Jongwook Kim Thierry Gacoin Harald Giessen Jochen Flck Universite Grenoble Alpes CNRSInstitut Neel38000 GrenobleFrance 4th Physics Institute and Research Center SCoPE University of Stuttgart70569 StuttgartGermany Universite Paris Saclay CNRSLaboratoire de Physique de la Matiere CondenseeEcole Polytechnique91128 PalaiseauFrance Institute of Applied Optics and Research Center SCoPE University of Stuttgart70569 StuttgartGermany Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University Okinawa 904-0495Japan

NayF_(4):Eu nanorods with high aspect ratios are elaborated and optically trapped using dual fiber optical tweezers in a counterpropagating geometry. High trapping efficiency is observed using converging beams, emitted from diffractive Fresnel lenses directly 3D printed onto cleaved fiber facets. Stable nanorod trapping and alignment are reported for a fiber-to-fiber distance of 200 μm and light powers down to 10 m W. Trapping of nanorod clusters containing one to three nanorods and the coupling of nanorod motion in both axial and transverse directions are considered and discussed. The europium emission is studied by polarization-resolved spectroscopy with particular emphasis on the magnetic and electric dipole transitions. The respective σ and π orientations of the different emission lines are determined. The angles with respect to the nanorod axes of the corresponding magnetic and electric dipoles are calculated. mono-exponential emission decay with decay time of 4–5 ms is reported. It is shown that the nanorod orientation can be determined by purely spectroscopic means.

关键词： nanorods Fresnel trapping

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Double-skin façade simulation with computational fluid dynamics:A review of simulation trends,validation methods and research gaps

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Building Simulation 2023年第12期16卷 2307-2331页

作者： simon Pommerencke melgaard Ivan Titov Nikolaisson Chen Zhang Hicham Johra Olena Kalyanova Larsen Department of the Built Environment Aalborg UniversityDenmarkThomas Manns Vej 239220 AalborgDenmark

Dynamic simulation of a double-skin façade(DSF)with computational fluid dynamics(CFD)can be challenging due to the lack of validated models and benchmarking ***,there is a lack of consensus in the scientific community on what constitutes a successfully validated DSF *** present review study identifies simulation trends and research gaps for DSFs simulated with ***,this article presents a series of CFD simulations in which key aspects of the DSF modelling are varied:2D or 3D modelling approaches,turbulence viscosity models(TVms),radiation models,and wall *** simulation results are compared to the empirical data(both temperature and velocity fields)of a benchmark test with laboratory-controlled boundary *** analysis shows that using the k-εRNG model with enhanced wall treatment and surface-to-surface(S2S)radiation model yields the best results for the 2D case of natural convection ***,it is shown that accounting for the velocity field in the validation process is essential to ensure the suitability of a ***,the authors advocate for the use of selected dimensionless numbers to improve the comparability of the different DSF scientific *** would also help to identify relevant experimental datasets for validation and suitable CFD simulation settings for specific DSF cases.

关键词： double-skin facade ventilated cavity computational fluid dynamics empirical validation modelling parameters dimensionless numbers convection

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Preclinical models in ophthalmic oncology-a narrative review

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Annals of Eye Science 2022年第2期7卷 59-73页

作者： Daria Lehrmann Nasrin Refaian michael simon Alexander C.Rokohl Ludwig m.Heindl Department of Ophthalmology Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital CologneUniversity of CologneCologneGermany Center for Integrated Oncology(CIO) Aachen-Bonn-Cologne-DüsseldorfCologneGermany

Objective:This review serves as a comprehensive description and summary of currently available preclinical models of three tumors in ophthalmic oncology:conjunctival melanoma(Cm),uveal melanoma(Um),and ***:malignant melanomas are the most common tumors of the eye in adults,most often localized in the uvea and *** the primary tumor can be successfully eliminated in many cases,nearly one in two Ums-and one in three Cms-are fatal to the patient due to *** therapies for metastatic uveal and Cms are unfortunately still not available,so there is an urgent need for new therapeutic strategies to improve prognosis quoad vitam and prolong the survival of melanoma *** widely known tumor of the eye is retinoblastoma,which is the most common pediatric ocular malignancy,occurring in approximately 1 in 15,000-18,000 live ***,it is considered well treatable,with a survival rate of approximately 90%at 3 years,although fatal if *** a long time,enucleation was also considered the treatment of choice,with bilateral cases having one eye irradiated and the eye with the more advanced tumor *** the 1990s,however,systemic chemotherapy has been predominantly used to preserve the quality of life and vision of young patients,although the cellular activity of the retinoblastoma often remains after treatment with chemotherapeutic *** of the disease is immensely depending on the stage and time of diagnosis and is varying between countries due to different developmental status of health care ***:We review recent advances in the available literature on established preclinical models in Cm,Um,and *** addition,we discuss the advantages and limitations of these models and provide an overview of current alternatives to animal testing in preclinical ***:In the case of all three diseases,further research is needed for improved therapeutic ***

关键词： Conjunctival melanoma(Cm) uveal melanoma(Um) retinoblastoma ocular tumor preclinical models

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Limb malformation Secondary to maternal Diabetes: A Case at mother and Children Tertiary Hospital in Cotonou-Benin Republic

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Open Journal of Pathology 2022年第1期12卷 31-36页

作者： simon Azonbakin Daniel Sewadouno maroufou Jules Alao Anatole Lalèyè Service d’Histologie Biologie de la reproduction Cytogénétique et Génétique Médicale Faculté des Sciences de la Santé Université d’Abomey-Calavi Abomey-Calavi Benin Service de Pédiatrie CHU de la Mère et de l’Enfant-Lagune de Cotonou Cotonou Benin

Diabetes in pregnant women could be source of morbidity and mortality if management was not optimal. One of the main complications of diabetes in pregnant women is birth defects. They have an estimated prevalence of 1.5%. They can be isolated or associated to other malformations. Prevention includes systematic screening when monitoring pregnancies, in particular carrying out morphological obstetrical ultrasounds. A case of limb malformation secondary to unbalanced maternal diabetes and absence of prenatal diagnosis despite the high number of ultrasounds that have been performed is reported here. This situation requests more attention to the quality of antenatal ultrasounds caregiving in developing countries.

关键词： Congenital Limb malformation Diabetes

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Computational Intelligence and Games:Challenges and Opportunities

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International Journal of Automation and computing 2008年第1期5卷 45-57页

作者： simon m.Lucas Centre for Computational Intelligence Department of Computing and Electronic SystemsUniversity of EssexColchester CO4 3SQUK

The last few decades have seen a phenomenal increase in the quality, diversity and pervasiveness of computer games. The worldwide computer games market is estimated to be worth around USD 21bn annually, and is predicted to continue to grow rapidly. This paper reviews some of the recent developments in applying computational intelligence （CI） methods to games, points out some of the potential pitfalls, and suggests some fruitful directions for future research.

关键词： Games machine learning evolution temporal difference learning (TDL) neural networks n-tuple systems

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Identification and treatment of biliary complications after liver transplantation:more relevant than ever

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Hepatobiliary Surgery and Nutrition 2022年第3期11卷 443-445页

作者： simon moosburner Johann Pratschke Nathanael Raschzok Department of Surgery Campus CharitéMitte/Campus Virchow-KlinikumExperimental SurgeryCharité-Universitätsmedizin BerlinFreie Universität BerlinHumboldt-Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of HealthBerlinGermany BIH CharitéClinician Scientist Program Berlin Institute of Health(BIH)BerlinGermany

Liver transplantation remains the treatment of choice for patients with end-stage liver *** the increasing demand for liver transplantation,the spectrum of potential grafts has been widened and includes now not only regular grafts from donation after brain death(DBD)but also organs from donation after cardiac death(DCD),split liver and living donor grafts,as well as so-called“marginal grafts”from donors with extended criteria such as significant steatosis hepatis or older age(1).These grafts are associated with higher rates of early allograft dysfunction and primary non-function-which stresses the healthcare system with increased length of hospital stay for patients and higher costs(2,3).moreover,marginal grafts are at risk for biliary complications such as anastomotic and non-anastomotic strictures as well as biliary leakages,which is caused by more severe ischemia reperfusion injury and in consequence reduced micro perfusion of the biliary tract(4).

关键词： liver organs death treatment

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