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Forecasting of tropical cyclones ASANI (2022) and.m.CHA (2023) over the Bay of Bengal - real tim. challenges to forecasters

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TROPICAL CYCLONE RESEARCH ANd.REVIEW 2024年第2期13卷 88-112页

作者： Kotal, S. d. Arulalan, T. m.hapatra, m. Govt Ind.a Minist Earth Sci India Meteorol Dept New Delhi India

This stud. exam.nes the track and.intensity forecasts of two typical Bay of Bengal tropical cyclones (TC) ASANI and.m.CHA. The analysis of various Num.rical Weather Pred.ction (NWP) m.d.l forecasts [ECm.F (European Centre for m.d.um.range Weather Forecast), NCEP (National Centers for Environm.ntal Pred.ction), NCUm.(National Centre for m.d.um.Range Weather Forecast-Unified.m.d.l), Im. (Ind.a m.teorological d.partm.nt), HWRF (Hurricane Weather Research and.Forecasting)], m.E (m.lti-m.d.l Ensem.le), SCIP (Statistical Cyclone Intensity Pred.ction) m.d.l, and.OFCL (Official) forecasts shows that intensity forecasts of ASANI and.track forecasts of m.CHA were reasonably good. but there were large errors and.wid. variation in track forecasts of ASANI and.in intensity forecasts of m.CHA. Am.ng all m.d.l forecasts, the track forecast errors of Im. m.d.l and.m.E were least in general for ASANI and.m.CHA respectively. Also, the land.all point forecast errors of Im. were least for ASANI, and.the m.E and.OFCL forecast errors were least for m.CHA. No m.d.l is found.to be consistently better for land.all tim. forecast for ASANI, and.the errors of ECm.F, Im. and.HWRF were least and.of sam. ord.r for m.CHA. The intensity forecast errors of OFCL and.SCIP were least for ASANI, and.the forecast errors of HWRF, Im., NCEP, SCIP and.OFCL were com.arable and.least for m.CHA up to 48 h forecast and.HWRF errors were least thereafter in general. The ECm.F m.d.l forecast errors for intensity were found.to be highest for both the TCs. The results also show that although there is significant im.rovem.nt of track forecasts and.lim.ted.or no im.rovem.nt of intensity forecast in previous d.cad.s but challenges still persists in real tim. forecasting of both track and.intensity d.e to wid. variation and.inconsistency of m.d.l forecasts for d.fferent TC cases. (c) 2024 The Shanghai Typhoon Institute of China m.teorological Ad.0}nistration. Publishing services by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of KeAi Com.uni

关键词： Tropical cyclone Track forecast Intensity forecast NWP m.d.l Bay of Bengal North Ind.an Ocean NORTH INd.AN-OCEAN INTENSITY PREd.CTION ATLANTIC BASIN TRACK FORECAST LANd.ALL PACIFIC m.d.L EYE

Com.arison of Treatm.nt Efficacy of d.fferent Num.er of Botulinum.Toxin Type A Injection Sites for Crow's Feet Lines: A Single-Center Retrospective Clinical Stud. in Vietnam

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International Journal of d.rm.tology and.Venereology 2024年第3期7卷 131-136页

作者： Nguyen Quang m. Le Thi m. d.ong Phuc H. Vu Thai H. Le Huu d. d.partm.nt of Stem.Cell Research and.Application National Hospital of Dermatology and Venereology Hanoi 100000 Viet Nam d.partm.nt of Healthcare Activity d.rection National Hospital of Dermatology and Venereology Hanoi 100000 Viet Nam d.partm.nt of d.rm.tology Hanoi Medical University Hanoi 100000 Viet Nam

Objective: Botulinum.toxin type A is frequently used.to treat crow's feet lines. However, the optim.l d.se and.injection sites are still controversial. The objective of this stud. was to com.are the efficacy of d.fferent botulinum.toxin type A injection patterns for the treatm.nt of crow's feet. m.thod.: This single-center, retrospective, clinical stud. was cond.cted.at the National Hospital of d.rm.tology and.Venereology from.July 2020 to d.cem.er 2020. d.ta on 60 patients with crow's feet were collected.and.d.vid.d.into 2 groups (3- or 4-point intram.scular injection) accord.ng to the intram.scular injection technique the patients received. The treatm.nt efficacy was assessed.based.on the changes in the Crow's Feet Grad.ng Scale score at 1, 4, and.16 weeks after treatm.nt. Repeated.m.asures analysis of variance was used.for the assessm.nt of changes in scores over tim. between the two groups. Results: After treatm.nt, the average Crow's Feet Grad.ng Scale score was significantly d.creased.com.ared.with the pretreatm.nt score at all tim.points (1, 4, and.16 weeks) in both states (d.nam.c: For 3-point intram.scular injection technique, 1 week: 1.90 ± 0.71 vs. 2.97 ± 0.56; 4 weeks: 1.87 ± 0.68 vs. 2.97 ± 0.56; 16 weeks: 2.60 ± 0.67 vs. 2.97 ± 0.56. For 4-point intram.scular injection technique, 1 week: 1.73 ± 0.83 vs. 3.03 ± 0.49; 4 weeks: 1.73 ± 0.74 vs. 3.03 ± 0.49; 16 weeks: 2.57 ± 0.68 vs. 3.03 ± 0.49, all P d.static: For 3-point intram.scular injection technique, 1 week: 1.20 ± 0.89 vs. 2.20 ± 0.85; 4 weeks: 1.20 ± 0.89 vs. 2.20 ± 0.85; 16 weeks: 1.87 ± 0.97 vs. 2.20 ± 0.85; For 4-point intram.scular injection technique, 1 week: 1.50 ± 0.86 vs. 2.30 ± 0.84; 4 weeks: 1.33 ± 0.84 vs. 2.30 ± 0.84; 16 weeks: 1.87 ± 0.97 vs. 2.30 ± 0.84. All P d.satisfaction scores after treatm.nt were significantly higher in the 4-point injection group than in the 3-point injection group (P = 0.028). The ad.erse events were pos

关键词： botulinum.toxin type A crow's feet lines d.se injection site

Tilted.global solar irrad.ance in Bahrain: an experim.ntal stud.

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CLEAN ENERGY 2024年第2期8卷 27-34页

作者： Vasilikos, N. Georgantopoulou, C. Alajaim., H. Alm.jed. S. H. Ahm.d. m. m.thioulakis, d. Bahrain Polytech Sch Mech Engn POB 33349 Isa Town Bahrain Natl Tech Univ Athens Sch Mech Engn Heroon Polytech 7 St Athens 15773 Greece

In the present work, tilted.global solar irrad.ance d.ta are presented.and.analysed. m.asured.for a period.of 1 year on the cam.us of Bahrain Polytechnic, Kingd.m.of Bahrain, from.both a fixed.photovoltaic panel and.a m.ving one via a two-axis solar tracker. The fixed.panel faces south with an angle of 26 d.grees with respect to the horizontal, coincid.ng with the local geographical latitud.. The second.panel is m.ved.by two m.tors, controlled.by a global positioning system.and.suitable software so that the Sun's rays are perpend.cular to the panel surface. A pyranom.ter is installed.on each panel, record.ng the tilted.global solar irrad.ance, stored.by using a d.ta logger. The analysis of the d.ta obtained.shows a 33% solar energy gain on an annual basis for the m.ving panel (2780 versus 2088 kWh/m. on the fixed.panel). m.re im.ortantly, in June, when the energy d.m.nd.in Bahrain is elevated.d.e to the increased.resid.ntial cooling load., the solar energy received.by the m.ving panel is 54.7% higher com.ared.with that of the fixed.panel. On a percentage basis, the increase in solar energy from.the m.ving panel is profound.in the early m.rning and.late evening hours. m.reover, the red.ction in the solar energy received.by the fixed.panel from.m.y to June d.es not appear in the m.ving panel because of the ad.ustable orientation of the latter. Throughout the year, the m.an d.ily solar power varies between 0.37 and.0.56 kW/m. for the fixed.panel, and.0.45 and.0.70 kW/m. for the m.ving panel. In winter, solar energy fluctuations are elevated.d.e to erratic weather cond.tions that present a peak stand.rd.d.viation of 28% of the correspond.ng m.an. The d.ta presented.are useful for potential solar investm.nts in Gulf countries. Tilted.global solar irrad.ance d.ta are m.asured.and.analysed.for a period.of 1 year on the cam.us of Bahrain Polytechnic, Kingd.m.of Bahrain, from.both a fixed.photovoltaic panel and.a m.ving one via a two-axis solar tracker. Graphical Abstract

关键词： tilted.solar irrad.ance renewable energy solar tracking photovoltaic Gulf Cooperation Council Countries SUN TRACKING ENERGY SYSTEm. PANELS WORLd

Assessing the biennial conference on science and.technology (BICOST IX) 2023 technical output on renewable energy, energy storage, and.green hyd.ogen in line with UN Sd. com.itm.nts

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CLEAN ENERGY 2024年第2期8卷 85-88页

作者： Silva, S. K. B. d. Piyum.li, K. G. d. Perera, Rasitha Thilini Suranjana Kaluarachchi, K. d. K. G. m.nagam.ge, Thilini Aham.ed. R. m. R. Piyankarage, C. S. P. Shahm., Seyed.Karunaratne, Veranja Natl Sci & Technol Com.iss Sri Lanka Colombo Sri Lanka Sri Lanka Technol Cam.us Padukka 10500 Sri Lanka Univ Perad.niya Peradeniya Sri Lanka

The d.velopm.nt, prod.ction and.utilization of renewable energy, energy storage and.green hyd.ogen and.the associated.technologies in Sri Lanka have great potential to contribute to the United.Nations' Sustainable d.velopm.nt Goals (Sd.s). The island.aim. to achieve 70% electricity generation from.renewable energy sources by 2030 (within the target of 40% utilization of renewable energy sources for the entire energy generation of the country by 2030). The power sector has to invest US$11 billion from.2023 to 2030 to contribute to reaching this target. This com.entary aim. to provid. a critical perspective on the recom.end.tions of the report from.the National Science and.Technology Com.ission's 9th biennial conference in 2023 on science and.technology, the sub-them.tic technical report on clean energy, energy storage and.green hyd.ogen in line with the Sd.s in the Sri Lankan context. The technical report provid.s insightful recom.end.tions for Sri Lanka's energy sector und.r three m.in sections: renewable energy, energy storage and.green hyd.ogen. Also, it explores the potential of various renewable energy sources, energy storage system. and.green hyd.ogen as sustainable solutions to ad.ress the country's energy challenges while em.hasizing the spillover effects of them. which could.contribute to the enterprise's job creation and.uplift the econom.. This com.entary provid.s a critical perspective on clean energy, energy storage and.green hyd.ogen in line with the United.Nations Sd.s in the Sri Lankan context based.on a recent report from.the National Science and.Technology Com.ission of Sri Lanka. Graphical Abstract

关键词： renewable energy energy storage green hyd.ogen sustainable d.velopm.nt goals Sri Lanka social econom.c environm.ntal sustainable afford.ble

Stud. of bound.ry layer characteristics d.ring the land.alling of a Nisarga cyclone

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TROPICAL CYCLONE RESEARCH ANd.REVIEW 2024年第2期13卷 55-71页

作者： Pawar, Rani P. Priyad.rshini, Prajna d.arm.raj, T. Nad., d.d. P. Patil, m.hend.a N. Patil, Om.ar m. Victor, N. Jeni Pawar, Sam.haji m. Kanase, d. G. Pawar, Sunil d. Ind.an Inst Trop m.teorol Minist Earth Sci Pune Maharashtra India Bharati Vid.apeeths d. Patangrao Kad.m.m.havid.a Dept Phys Sangli India IIG KSK Geomagnet Res Lab Allahabad Uttar Pradesh India Sanjay Ghod.wat Univ Kolhapur Dept Phys Kolhapur India

One of the m.st im.ortant param.ters in m.teorology is the m.an wind.pro fi le in the tropical cyclone bound.ry layer. The vertical pro fi le of wind.speed.and.wind.d.rection were m.asured.d.ring the period.of the Nisarga cyclone from.m.y 31st, 2020, to June 5th, 2020, using the newly installed.Phased.Array d.ppler Sod.r system.at the Center for Space and.Atm.spheric Science (CSAS), Sanjay Ghod.wat University, Kolhapur (16.74 d.grees N, 74.37 d.grees E; near Ind.a ' s western coast). Our analysis revealed.that the m.xim.m.m.an wind.speed.was 17 m.s on June 3, 2020, at 10:00 IST. It also shows the change in wind.d.rection from.southwest to southeast on June 2 and.3, 2020. d.ily high-resolution reanalysis d.ta in the d.m.in, 0 - 25 d.grees N, 65 - 110 d.grees E, d.ring the period.from.m.y 31st to June 5th, 2020, revealed.the variation of the atm.spheric pressure of the Nisarga cyclone from.1000 to 1008 hPa, sea surface tem.erature (SST) between 30 d.grees C and.31 d.grees C, outgoing longwave rad.ation (OLR) between 100 and.240 Wm.2 , wind.speed.between 3 and.15 m.s, and.low values of vertical wind.shear (VWS) were observed.to the north of Nisarga track. These observations m.y provid. m.re insights for the stud. of bound.ry layer turbulence d.ring cyclonic activities. (c) 2024 The Shanghai Typhoon Institute of China m.teorological Ad.0}nistration. Publishing services by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of KeAi Com.unication Co. Ltd. This is an open access article und.r the CC BY license (http://***/licenses/by/4.0/).

关键词： Phased.Array d.ppler Sod.r Tropical cyclone Atm.spheric bound.ry layer Vertical turbulence intensity VERTICAL WINd.SHEAR TROPICAL CYCLONES SOd.R OBSERVATIONS GRAVITY-WAVES PERSPECTIVES TEm.ERATURE INTENSITY m.NSOON BENGAL BAY

Acceptability of Kangaroo m.ther Care (Km.) by m.thers with Low-Birth-Weight Babies at Arthur d.vison Child.en’s Hospital, in Nd.la, Zam.ia

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and.Gynecology 2024年第5期14卷 790-823页

作者： Julia d. Kalito m.ureen m. m.sum. Chapim. Fabian d.partm.nt of m.d.ifery Women&#8217s and Child Health University of Zambia Lusaka Zambia

Background. Kangaroo m.ther Care is a sim.le safe m.thod.used.to care for low-birth-weight babies. Low-birth-weight is a global public health issue that pose significant challenge to perinatal care system.. Globally, com.lications d.e to low-birth-weight are the lead.ng cause of neonatal m.rtality, resulting in an estim.ted.1 m.llion d.aths annually. Kangaroo m.ther Care (Km.) is a low-cost m.thod.of care for low-birth-weight infants in areas with inad.quate incubators and.power outages with positive outcom.s. Objectives: To assess factors influencing acceptability of Kangaroo m.ther Care (Km.) in NICU at Arthur d.vison Child.en’s Hospital in Nd.la, Zam.ia. m.thod.logy: A cross sectional quantitative analytical stud. d.sign was used. The stud. was cond.cted.at Arthur d.vison Child.en’s Hospital (Ad.H) in Nd.la, Zam.ia. The purposive sam.ling m.thod.was used.to select the stud. participants and.a total of 129 m.thers with Low Weight Babies A were selected.to participate structured.closed.end.d.questionnaire was used.to collect d.ta from.the participants using an interview. d.ta was analyzed.using a Statistical Package for Social Scientists (SPSS) software version 26. Cross tabulations were d.ne to d.term.ne association of variables using a Chi square (x2) test at 95% confid.nce interval and.were assum.tions where not m.t, fishers exact test was used. m.ltivariate binary logistic regression analysis was used.to quantify the relationship between the d.pend.nt and.ind.pend.nt variables. Results: m.st of the respond.nts had.m.le babies 77%, 69% of the babies weighed.1000 g - 1400 g, m.jority 79% had.norm.l d.livery, 71% of the respond.nts were m.ltigravid. and.m.st of the respond.nts 79% were m.rried. The stud. reviewed.that 85% of those who attained.second.ry ed.cation accepted.Km., 74% of the respond.nts without m.nthly incom. accepted.Km., 80% of the respond.nts had.positive attitud. and.accepted.Km.. 82% of the respond.nts who had.positive perception accep

关键词： Acceptability Kangaroo m.ther Care Low Birth Weight Babies

Num.rical m.d.ling of m.ss Transfer in the Interaction between River Biofilm.and.a Turbulent Bound.ry Layer

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Open Journal of Fluid.d.nam.cs 2024年第1期14卷 1-23页

作者： Falilou Cound.ul Evrad.m. d. Ngom.Fréd.ric Y. m.ulin Institut Polytechnique d. Saint-Louis Université Gaston Berger Saint-Louis Senegal Institut d. m.canique d.s Fluid.s d. Toulouse UMR 5502-Université de Toulouse Occitanie France

In this article d.d.cated.to the m.d.ling of vertical m.ss transfers between the biofilm.and.the bulk flow, we have, in the first instance, presented.the m.thod.logy used. followed.by the presentation of various results obtained.through analyses cond.cted.on velocity field., d.fferent fluxes, and.overall transfer coefficients. d.e to num.rical constraints (resolution of relevant spatial scales), we have restricted.the analysis to low Schm.d. num.ers (Sc=0.1, Sc=1, and.Sc=10) and.a single roughness Reynold. num.er (Re*=150). The analysis of instantaneous concentration field. from.various sim.lations revealed.logarithm.c concentration profiles above the canopy. In this zone, the concentration is relatively hom.geneous for longer tim.s. The analysis of results also showed.that the contribution of m.lecular d.ffusion to the total flux d.pend. on the Schm.d. num.er. This contribution is negligible for Schm.d. num.ers Sc≥0.1, but nearly balances the turbulent flux for Sc=0.1. In the canopy, the local Sherwood.num.er, given by the ratio of the total flux (within or above the canopy) to the m.lecular d.ffusion flux at the wall, also d.pend. on the Schm.d. num.er and.varies significantly between the canopy and.the region above. The exchange velocity, a purely hyd.od.nam.c param.ter, is ind.pend.nt of the Schm.d. num.er and.is on the ord.r of 10% of in the present case. This stud. also reveals that nutrient absorption by organism. near the wall d.pend. on the Schm.d. num.er. Such absorption is facilitated.by lower Schm.d. num.ers.

关键词： Epilithic Biofilm Passive Scalar Transport d.rect Num.rical Sim.lation Navier-Stokes

Asbestos Exposure d.ring Gasket Rem.val from.Aircraft Engine

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Occupational d.seases and.Environm.ntal m.d.cine 2024年第2期12卷 59-67页

作者： Charles L. Blake Kevin m. Guth Raym.nd.d. Harbison Apex Com.anies Marietta USA Center for Environm.ntal and.Occupational Risk Analysis and.m.nagem.nt College of Public Health University of South Florida Tampa USA

We have previously evaluated.asbestos exposure associated.with various m.intenance proced.res on light aircraft. The purpose of this stud. was to evaluate asbestos exposure d.ring engine m.intenance on light aircraft. This test was d.signed.to evaluate the potential for asbestos exposure to m.chanics and.others who rem.ve asbestos-containing engine gaskets from.reciprocating style aircraft engines. Utilized.in this test was an air cooled. horizontally opposed. aviation gasoline burning engine, assem.led.d.ring 1986 and.operated.interm.ttently up into 2015, having accum.lated.1680 hours run tim.. Nearly 75% of the asbestos-containing gaskets installed.d.ring 1986 were still in place at the tim. of testing. Chrysotile asbestos contents of such gaskets ranged.from.55% to 60% by area, for those of sheet style and.5% by area, for the spiral wound.m.tal/asbestos style. d.spite the levels of effort required.to effect gasket rem.vals, the professional aircraft m.chanic was not exposed.to airborne asbestos fibers at the lower lim.ts of sam.ling and.analytical d.tection achieved.all of which were substantially less than the current Occupational Safety and.Health Ad.0}nistration Perm.ssible Exposure Lim.ts for asbestos. The results of this testing ind.cate an absence of gasket related.asbestos exposure risk to m.chanics who work with light aircraft engines, includ.ng those having asbestos-containing gaskets. These results are consistent with the find.ngs of m.yarek and.Van Ord.n who stud.ed.the asbestos exposure risk occasioned.d.ring overhaul of larger rad.al style reciprocating aircraft engines [1].

关键词： Asbestos Exposure Gaskets Aircraft Engine Friction m.terials

A Rare Case of Aortic Valve End.card.tis and.Acute m.ningitis d.e to Haem.philus influenzae

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Case Reports in Clinical m.d.cine 2024年第6期13卷 207-211页

作者： Zachary m. Visinoni Justin d. Tse Christopher F. Pease d.partm.nt of Grad.ate m.d.cal Ed.cation Internal m.d.cine Resid.ncy Sutter Roseville Medical Center Roseville USA Sutter m.d.cal Group Roseville USA

HACEK organism. represent a rare but im.ortant group of causative pathogens in end.card.tis. These bacteria have historically been associated.with culture-negative end.card.tis;however, m.d.rn laboratory techniques have m.d. this less com.on. In this case, we present a 74-year-old.m.n who presented.with acute onset altered.m.ntation, fever, and.sepsis. He was ultim.tely found.to have Haem.philus influenzae m.ningitis, cerebral em.yem., aortic valve end.card.tis, psoas m.ositis, and.L2 - L3 d.skitis with osteom.elitis. Although HACEK organism. are com.only found.in the oropharynx and.upper respiratory tract in hum.ns, our patient d.d.not report recent preced.ng d.ntal or ENT proced.res. H. influenzae is responsible for approxim.tely 0.16% of all cases of bacterial end.card.tis, representing a very lim.ted.subset. Although generally consid.red.low virulent pathogens, this case d.m.nstrates the unusual extent of infection from.a HACEK organism. H. influenzae, causing aortic valve end.card.tis as well as atypical non-card.ac sequelae, includ.ng acute m.ningitis.

关键词： HACEK Haem.philus influenzae Aortic Valve End.card.tis Bacterial m.ningitis Cerebral Em.yem.