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Mantle avalanches in a Venus-like stagnant lid planet

Earth and Planetary Physics 2024年第5期8卷 686-702页

作者： Madeleine c.Kerr Dave r.Stegman Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics Scripps Institution of OceanographyUniversity of CaliforniaSan DiegoLa JollaCAUSA

Stagnant lid planets are characterized by a globe-encircling,conducting lid that is thick and strong,which leads to reduced global surface heat ***,the mantles of such planets can have warmer interiors than Earth,and interestingly,a pyrolitic mantle composition under warmer conditions is predicted to have a distinctly different mantle transition zone compared to the present-day Earth(Hirose,2002;Stixrude and Lithgow-Bertelloni,2011;Ichikawa et al.,2014;Dannberg et al,2022).Instead of olivine primarily transforming into its higher-pressure polymorphs such as wadsleyite and then ringwoodite,at pressures corresponding to 410 km and 520 km depth in Earth,respectively,it instead transforms into a mineral assemblage of wadsleyite,majorite,and ferropericlase(WMF),and then to majorite+ferropericlase(MF),before finally transforming into bridgmanite at pressures corresponding to 660 km depth in Earth(Stixrude and Lithgow-Bertelloni,2011;Ichikawa et al.,2014).convective motions in stagnant lid planets are dominated by small-scale instabilities(cold drips)forming within the mobile rheological sublayer under the rigid *** ASPEcT and a thermodynamic model of a pyrolitic mantle composition generated by HeFESTo,we show that under certain conditions,the small drips can pond atop the WMF-MF mineral phase *** barrier to convective flow arises from the WMF mineral phase assemblage having an effective negative thermal expansivity(Stixrude and Lithgow-Bertelloni,2022).Although large-scale downwellings that typically occur within mobile lid planets are able to pass through the WMF zone without difficulty(Dannberg et al.,2022;Li rP et al.,2024),the smaller and less negatively buoyant nature of downwelling drips in stagnant lid planets are more susceptible to these effects,which leads to an ephemeral layering of the *** numerical models show that in stagnant lid planets with mantle potential temperatures that exceed 1900 K,the smaller,cold drips from t

关键词： Venus mantle avalanches numerical modelling phase transitions

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Neuroendocrine tumors of the gastrointestinal tract: case reports and literature review

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2014年第8期6卷 301-310页

作者： William J Salyers Kenneth J Vega Juan carlos Munoz Bruce W Trotman silvio S Tanev Division of Gastroenterology University of Florida College of Medicine/Jacksonville Jacksonville FL 32207 United States Division of Digestive Diseases and Nutrition University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center Oklahoma City OK 73104 United States Department of Medicine University of Maryland School of Medicine Baltimore MD 21201 United States Department of Pathology Manatee Memorial Hospital Bradenton FL 34208 United States

Neuroendocrine tumors(NET)previously called carcinoid tumors are neoplasms of enterochromaffin/neuroendocrine cell origin which display neurosecretory capacity that may result in the carcinoid *** annual incidence of patients with NET is 8.4 per 100000;yet many NET remain asymptomatic and clinically undetected.A majority of NET follows a benign course;however,some will display malignant *** most commonly occur in the gastrointestinal tract(67%)and bronchopulmonary system(25%).Gastrointestinal NET occur within the stomach,small intestine,liver,and *** report a retrospective study of 11 subjects:Eight with benign carcinoid tumors:duodenal bulb(n=2),terminal ileum(n=1),sigmoid colon(n=2),and rectum(n=3);three with malignant carcinoid:liver(n=1)and intra-abdominal site(n=2).The diagnosis,endoscopic images,outcome,treatment and review of the literature are presented.

关键词： Neuroendocrine carcinoid Gastrointestinal Tumors

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Genetic diversity in old populations of sessile oak from calabria assessed by nuclear and chloroplast SSr

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Journal of Mountain Science 2019年第5期16卷 1111-1120页

作者： Antonio LUPINI Meriem Miyassa AcI Antonio MAUcErI Giuseppe LUZZI silvio BAGNATO Giuliano MENGUZZATO Francesco MErcATI Francesco SUNSErI Department of AGrArIA Mediterranea University of Reggio Calabria Sila National Park Via Nazionale snc National research council of Italy Institute of Biosciences and Bioresources (CNR-IBBR)

In the framework of forest resources conservation, this study aims to understand the dynamic and the genetic structure of sessile oak forests in calabria, Italy. Two old populations of sessile oak(Quercus petraea(Mattuschka) Liebl.) from two areas of Sila and Aspromonte massifs in calabria were analyzed for genetic diversity and population structure based on 6 nuclear simple sequence repeat(nSSr) and 4 chloroplastic SSr(cpSSr) loci. The populations displayed high amount of genetic diversity, which was toughly structured according to their geographical origins. Number of alleles at SSr loci ranged from 11 to 20 with an average of 13.5 per locus. Gene diversity(expected heterozygosity, He) estimates ranged from 0.575 to 0.834 with a mean of 0.749. The observed heterozygosity(Ho) was on average 0.458 ranging from 0.150 to 0.682. Polymorphism information content(PIc) values ranged from 0.625 to 0.865 with an average of 0.787. The analysis of molecular variance(AMOVA) highlighted a significant higher estimated variance within populations compared to among populations. Finally, the analysis of haplotypes by using cpSSr suggested a higher diversification in the population from Sila. Hierarchical clustering analysis grouped the genotypes into two major clusters, which agreed with the geographic origin of populations, and was confirmed by the Discriminant Analysis of Principal components(DAPc). The first cluster included plants/population from Sila massif, while the second encompassed mostly plants/population sampled in Aspromonte massif. Finally, model-based clustering by STrUcTUrE analysis also supported the presence of clear genetic structuring in the collection with two major populations(K=2) supported to PcoA analysis as well. Finally, our data indicated the Aspromonte population as a marginal forest with fragmented distribution suggesting different strategies of preservation than in Sila massif.

关键词： Aspromonte and Sila massifs Genetic structure Quercus spp Population genetics Simple sequence repeat(SSr)

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Detecting the Lagoon Level Surface with GPS/rTK-Measurem ents

Detecting the Lagoon Level Surface with GPS/RTK-Measurem ent...

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第二届中国卫星导航学术年会

作者： Vagner G.Ferreira silvio r c.de Freitas Bernhard Heck Department of Geomatics Science & Engineering Hohai University Geomatics Department Federal University of ParanaCuritibaBrazil Geodetic Institute of Karlsruhe Karlsruhe UniversityKarlsruheGermany

＜正＞The approach here presented is based in the use of a water surface as a reference for studying physical aspects related to the gravity *** purpose is to use the mean surface of the lagoon system as an approximation of an equipotential surface close to *** water levels were also observed in several places with Global Positioning System（GPS） where a single reference station provides the real-time corrections,in this case,the real Time Kinematic（rTK） is a technique *** addition,three tide gauges that registered the heights of the water level in the lagoons were also *** was possible to determine an approximated equipotential surface from the mean lagoon level（MLL） with accuracy better than 0.09 m and to link it with the vertical *** to eliminate the instantaneous water level deviation from an equipotential surface during the campaign was the main hurdle to negotiate.

关键词： heights geoid water level

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crustal reworking and orogenic styles inferred from zircon Hf isotopes:Proterozoic examples from the North Atlantic region

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Geoscience Frontiers 2019年第2期10卷 417-424页

作者： c.J.Spencer c.L.Kirkland A.r.Prave r.A.Strachan V.Pease Earth Dynamics research Group The Institute of Geoscience Research (TIGeR)Department of Applied GeologyCurtin University centre for Exploration Targeting d curtin Node Department of Applied GeologyCurtin University Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences University of St Andrews School of Earth and Environmental Sciences University of Portsmouth Department of Geological Sciences Stockholm University

Zircon Hf evolutionary patterns are powerful tools to investiage magma petrogenesis and crustal evolution. The ^(176)Hf/^(177)Hf isotopic signature of a rock is particularly informative and can be used to derive an estimation of the time when mantle extraction and diagnose closed system reworking where successive samples through time define an Hf evolution array dependant on the source Lu/Hf ratio. However, many magmatic events require new mantle addition as the thermal impetus for melting pre-existing crust. In this situation, rather than simply reflecting reworking, the isotopic signature indicates mixing with contributions from both reworked crust and new radiogenic input. Different geodynamic settings have different propensities for either reworking or addition of new mantle-derived magma. Hence, Hf-time trends carry within them a record, albeit cryptic, of the evolving geodynamic environment as different tectonic configurations recycle and add new crust at different rates, magnitudes, and from different sources. As an example of the difference in apparent Hf evolution slopes, we present Hf-time compilations from three geographically distinct Meso-to Neoproterozoic orogenic belts in the North Atlantic region whose geodynamic configurations remain a subject of debate. We use the εHf/Ma trajectory to assist in understanding their evolution. The εHf/Ma trajectory of the Sveconorwegian Orogen corresponds to a ^(176)Lu/^(177) Hf ratio of 0.012, which implies a process driven primarily by reworking of preexisting crust that is balanced with input from the depleted mantle resulting in a relatively shallowεHf/Ma slope. The Valhalla Orogen reveals a similar comparatively shallow εHf/Ma path. In stark contrast to these patterns is the steep εHf/Ma trajectory of the Grenville Orogen that requires a mixing process involving a greater contribution of old crust of at least ～ 1.8 Ga age. The degree of reworking required to produce the εHf/Ma trend of the Grenville Orogen is co

关键词： Zircon Hf crustal evolution Grenville Sveconorwegian Valhalla

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Endothelial impairment evaluation by peripheral arterial tonometry in pediatric endocrinopathies:A narrative review

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World Journal of Diabetes 2021年第6期12卷 810-826页

作者： Alberto La Valle Marco crocco Decimo silvio chiarenza Mohamad Maghnie Giuseppe d'Annunzio Pediatric clinic and Endocrinology IRCCS Istituto Giannina GasliniGenoa16147Italy Pediatric clinic and Endocrinology IRCCS Giannina Gaslini InstituteDepartment of NeuroscienceRehabilitationOphthalmologyGeneticsMaternal and Child Health University of GenoaGenoa16147Italy

Endothelial dysfunction(ED)is characterized by an imbalance between vasodilator and vasoconstriction *** pathological conditions clinically diagnosed in childhood and adolescence are characterized by ED and increased risk for early development of microangiopathic and macroangiopathic impairment,in particular type 1 diabetes mellitus(T1DM),T2DM,obesity,metabolic syndromeand pituitary dysfunction associated to various *** recently insulin resistance following chemotherapy or radiotherapy for tumors,bone marrow transplantation for hematological malignancies(i.e.,cancer survivors),or immunosuppressive treatment for solid organ transplantation has been *** of ED by means of non-invasive techniques is the gold standard for early ED detection before clinical *** is aimed to recognize patients at risk and to avoid the development and progression of more serious *** hyperemia-peripheral artery tonometry is a noninvasive technique to assess peripheral endothelial function by measuring modifications in digital pulse volume during reactive hyperemia,and represents a non-invasive,reproducible and operator-independent tool able to detect precocious *** narrative review aimed to provide an overview of the most important papers regarding ED detection by EndoPat 2000 in children and adolescents with different endocrine diseases.A comprehensive search of English language articles was performed in the MEDLINE database without using other search filters except the publication interval between 2005 and 2020.

关键词： Pediatric diabetes mellitus Pediatric endocrinopathies Metabolic syndrome cancer survivors Endothelial dysfunction Peripheral artery tonometry

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DNA methylation profile of a hepatosplenic gamma/delta T-cell lymphoma patient associated with response to interferon-α therapy

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cellular & Molecular Immunology 2021年第5期18卷 1332-1335页

作者： Jaydeep Bhat Anke KBergmann silvio Waschina christoph Nerl christoph Kaleta reiner Siebert Ole Ammerpohl Dieter Kabelitz Institute of Immunology Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel&University Hospital Schleswig-HolsteinCampus KielKielGermany Metabolic Programming School of Life Sciences WeihenstephanTechnical University Munich(TUM)85354FreisingGermany Institute of Human Genetics Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel&University Hospital Schleswig-HolsteinCampus KielKielGermany Institute of Human Genetics Medical School HannoverHannoverGermany Institute of Experimental Medicine Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel&University Hospital Schleswig-HolsteinCampus KielKielGermany Institute of Human Nutrition and Food Science Christian-Albrechts-University KielKielGermany Städtisches Krankenhaus München-Schwabing MunichGermany Institute of Human Genetics Ulm University&Ulm University Medical Center89081UlmGermany

The 2–5%γδT cells in healthy human peripheral blood recognize nonpeptide antigens,in contrast toαβT cells.1 DistinctγδT-cell malignancies have been identified,with hepatosplenic T-cell lymphoma(γδ-HSTL)being a rare but aggressive(median survival 13 months)subset.2γδ-HSTL usually presents with hepatosplenomegaly without lymphadenopathy,anemia,and *** is histologically characterized by the involvement of the hepatic sinusoids,splenic red pulp and bone marrow interstitium,with or without leukemic presentation in peripheral blood.3 A standard treatment regimen is not well established,but therapy mostly includes various chemotherapeutic ***,interferon-α(IFN-α)has been proven to be effective in some patients withγδ-HSTL,but other patients require allogeneic or autologous stem cell transplantation.

关键词： hepato splenic interferon

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Strain Limit of Extra Galvannealed Interstitial-Free and Bake Hardened Steel Sheets Under Different Stress conditions

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Journal of Iron and Steel research International 2008年第5期15卷 56-60页

作者： r Narayanasamy N L Parthasarathi r ravindran c Sathiya Narayanan Department of Production Engineering National Institute of TechnologyTiruchirappalli 620015TamilnaduIndia

The formability of bake hardened steel （thickness 0.82 mm）, and the extra galvannealed IF steel （thickness 0.82 mm） have been studied. The suitability of the above steels for forming applications has been critically examined. The microstructure, tensile properties, and formability parameters of the above sheet metals were determined. The manufacturing process of the steels and the significance with reference to its formability were studied.

关键词： bake hardened steel extra galvannealed IF steel microstructure forming limit diagram tensile parameter

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Sulphur Mustard Induced Oxidative Stress and Its Prevention by Sodium 2, 3-Dimercapto Propane Sulphonic Acid (DMPS) in Mice

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2000年第3期13卷 225-232页

作者： S．c．PANT r.VIJAYArAGHAVAN 等 DivisionofPharmacologyandToxicology DefenceResearchandDevelopmentEstablishmentJhansiRoadGwalior－474002India DivisionofPharmacologyandToxicology DefenceResearchandDevelopmentEstabl

Sulphur mustard [bis(2 chloro ethyl) sulfide] (SM), a bifunctional alkylating agent has been frequently used as a chemical warfare agent. In the present study, the effects of sodium 2 3 dimercaptopropane sulphonic acid (DMPS) on some biochemical and histological parameters in mice, exposed to 1/4Lc 50 concentration of SM vapor (10.5 mg/m\+3) were examined over a period of seven days. Exposure of SM resulted in a significant loss of blood, hepatic and pulmonary glutathione (GSH) and an elevation of hepatic and pulmonary oxidized glutathione (GSSG). These biochemical changes were accompanied by a number of histopathological alterations. The most prominent was congestion and degeneration in viscera and obliteration of chromatin material. These biochemical and histopathological changes were less marked in animals pre administered with DMPS followed by DMPS exposure indicating some protective value of the thiol (DMPS) against SM induced oxidative injury in mice.

关键词： Animals Female Mice Mustard Gas Oxidative Stress Unithiol

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Significance of Stefan blowing effect on flow and heat transfer of casson nanofluid over a moving thin needle

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communications in Theoretical Physics 2021年第9期73卷 51-58页

作者： A M Jyothi r Naveen Kumar r J Punith Gowda B c Prasannakumara Bangalore Institute of Technology BangaloreIndia Department of Studies and research in Mathematics Davangere UniversityDavangere-577002KarnatakaIndia

The current mathematical model explains the influence of non-linear thermal radiation on the casson liquid flow over a moving thin needle by considering Buongiorno’s nanofluid *** influences of Stefan blowing,Dufour and Soret effects are also considered in the *** equations which represent the described flow pattern are reduced to ordinary differential equations(ODEs)by using apt similarity transformations and then they are numerically solved with runge–Kutta-Fehlberg’s fourth fifth-order method(rKF-45)with shooting *** impacts of pertinent parameters on thermal,mass and velocity curves are deliberated *** friction,rate of heat and mass transfer are also discussed *** reveal that,the increase in values of Brownian motion,thermophoresis,Dufour number,heating and radiative parameters improves the heat *** increasing values of the Schmidt number deteriorates the mass transfer but a converse trend is seen for increasing values of the Soret ***,the escalating values of the radiative parameter decays the rate of heat transfer.

关键词： moving thin needle Brownian motion and thermophoretic diffusion non-linear thermal radiation Stefan blowing condition

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