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Nutritional value of a partially defatted and a highly defatted black soldier fly larvae (Hermetia illucens L.) meal for broiler chickens: apparent nutrient digestibility,apparent metabolizable energy and apparent ileal amino acid digestibility

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2017年第4期8卷 897-905页

作者： Achille Schiavone Michele De Marco silvia Martínez Sihem Dabbou Manuela Renna Josefa madrid Fuensanta Hernandez Luca Rotolo Pierluca Costa Francesco Gai Laura Gasco Department of Veterinary Sciences University of Turin Largo Paolo Braccini 2 10095 Grugliasco TO Italy Department of Animal Production University of Murcia Campus de Espinardo 30071 Murcia Spain Department of Agricultural Forest and Food Sciences University of Turin Largo Paolo Braccini 2 10095 Grugliasco TO Italy Institute of Science of Food Production National Research Council Largo Paolo Braccini 2 10095 Grugliasco TO Italy

Background: The study aimed to determine the apparent total tract digestibility coefficients(ATTDC) of nutrients, the apparent metabolizable energy(AME and AMEn) and the amino acid(AA) apparent ileal digestibility coefficients(AIDC)of a partially defatted(BSFp) and a highly defatted(BSFh) black soldier fly larvae meal. The experimental diets were: a basal diet and two diets prepared by substituting 250 g/kg(w/w) of the basal diet with BSFp or BSFh, respectively.Results: Significant differences were found between BSFp and BSFh meals for ATTDC of the nutrients: BSFp resulted more digestible than BSFh, except for ATTDC of CP which did not differed between meals, while a statistical trend was observed for ATTDC of DM and EE. The AME and AMEn values were significantly(P < 0.05) different between the two BSF meals, with higher levels for BSFp(16.25 and 14.87 MJ/kg DM, respectively). The AIDC of the AA in BSFp ranged from 0.44 to 0.92, while in BSFh they ranged from 0.45 to 0.99. No significant differences were observed for the AA digestibility(0.77 and 0.80 for BSFp and BSFh, respectively), except for glutamic acid, proline and serine that were more digestible in the BSFh meal(P < 0.05).Conclusions: Defatted BSF meals can be considered as an excellent source of AME and digestible AA for broilers with a better efficient nutrient digestion. These considerations suggested the effective utilization of defatted BSF larvae meal in poultry feed formulation.

关键词： Amino acid Apparent digestibility Black soldier fly meal Broiler chicken Metabolizable energy

Oxytocin in pig seminal plasma is positively related with in vivo fertility of inseminated sows

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2022年第2期13卷 430-440页

作者： Lorena Padilla Marina López-Arjona silvia Martinez-Subiela Heriberto Rodriguez-Martinez Jordi Roca Isabel Barranco Department of Medicine and Animal Surgery Faculty of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of MurciaE-30100 MurciaSpain Department of Biomedical&Clinical Sciences(BKV) BKH/Obstetrics&GynaecologyFaculty of Medicine and Health SciencesLinköping UniversitySE-58185 LinköpingSweden Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences University of BolognaIT-40064 Ozzano dell’EmiliaBolognaItaly

Background:Identification of relevant in vivo biomarkers for fertility remains a challenge for the livestock industry.Concentrations of the small peptide hormone oxytocin(OXT),involved in male reproductive function and present in the seminal plasma(SP)of several species could be a robust one.This study characterized concentrations of SPOXT in ejaculates from boars used in artificial insemination(AI)programs aiming to evaluate its relationship with sperm quality variables and in vivo fertility of their liquid-stored AI-semen.Seminal OXT concentrations(ng/mL)were measured in 169 ejaculates from 61 boars of the Duroc,Pietrain,Landrace and Large White breeds using a direct competitive immunoassay test based on AlphaLISA®technology.Ejaculate(ejaculate volume,sperm concentration,total sperm count)and sperm parameters(motility,viability,intracellular generation of reactive oxygen species,plasma membrane fluidity)were assessed at 0 h and 72 h in AI-semen samples stored at 17℃.In vivo fertility included only 18 Large White and Landrace boars whose AI-semen was used to inseminated>100 sows and evaluated both farrowing rate and litter size of 3,167 sows.Results:The results showed that SP-OXT differed between boars and between ejaculates within boar(P<0.05)but not between breeds(Duroc,Pietrain,Landrace and Large White).Ejaculates with higher SP-OXT concentration/mL(hierarchically grouped;P<0.001)had larger volume and came from younger boars(P<0.05).Ejaculates of boars showing positive farrowing rate deviation exhibited higher(P<0.05)SP-OXT concentration/mL than those with negative farrowing rate deviation.Conclusion:The SP concentrations of OXT are boar,ejaculate and age dependent,and positively related with ejaculate volume and farrowing rates of liquid-stored semen AI-doses.

关键词： Artificial insemination Ejaculate Fertility Oxytocin Pig Semen quality Seminal plasma

Anchoring of 10-phenylphenothiazine to mesoporous silica materials:A water compatible organic photocatalyst for the degradation of pollutants

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2022年第8期103卷 134-143页

作者： Daniel González-Muñoz Almudena Gómez-Avilés Carmen B.Molina Jorge Bedia Carolina Belver Jose Alemán silvia Cabrera Organic Chemistry Department Science FacultyUniversidad Autónoma de Madrid28049 MadridSpain Chemical Engineering Department Science FacultyUniversidad Autónoma de Madrid28049 MadridSpain Institute for Advanced Research in Chemical Sciences(IAdChem) Universidad Autónoma de Madrid28049 MadridSpain Inorganic Chemistry Department Science FacultyUniversidad Autónoma de Madrid28049 MadridSpain

The application of organic photocatalysts towards the oxidation of pollutants in water is hampered by different limitations such as their insolubility in the media.Herein,we report that the grafting of a photoorganocatalyst into mesoporous silica materials is an ideal approach to obtain effective catalysts.Thereby,the photocatalyst 10-phenylphenothiazine(PTH)was easily anchored into three different mesoporous silica-based materials(MSN,MSU-2 and SBA-15)with different particle sizes and pore sizes through an amide bond formation.The materials were characterized using IR analysis,solid-state X-ray diffraction,porosity and microscopy(SEM and TEM)techniques,showing that PTH is immobilized inside the pores of the materials and its optical properties are maintained after the anchoring.Although homogeneous PTH was inactive in water media,the three photocatalytic materials were active for the degradation of pollutants.SBA-15-AP-PTH exhibited the highest catalytic performance towards the degradation of acetaminophen and diclofenac under solar irradiation,finding in this manner a new strategy for the decontamination of pollutants.

关键词： Organic semiconductors Silica support Solar photocatalysis Water treatment Pharmaceuticals

Engineering osteoarthritic cartilage model through differentiating senescent human mesenchymal stem cells for testing disease-modifying drugs

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2022年第2期65卷 309-327页

作者： Ning Wang Yuchen He silvia Liu Meagan J.Makarcyzk Guanghua Lei Alexander Chang Peter G Alexander Tingjun Hao Anne-Marie Padget Nuria de Pedro Tsapekos Menelaos Hang Lin Department of Orthopaedic Surgery University of Pittsburgh School of MedicinePittsburgh PA 15219USA Department of Orthopedic Surgery Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangsha 410008China Department of Pathology University of Pittsburgh School of MedicinePittsburgh PA 15219USA Department of Bioengineering University of Pittsburgh Swanson School of EngineeringPittsburgh PA 15219USA Department of Bioinformatics University of Pittsburgh School of MedicinePittsburgh PA 15219USA McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine University of Pittsburgh School of MedicinePittsburgh PA 15219USA Department of Biology University of Pittsburgh Dietrich School of Arts and SciencePittsburgh PA 15219USA Department of Research B2B Life Length SLMadrid 28010Spain Xiangya Third Hospital Central South UniversityChangsha 410013China

Significant cellular senescence has been observed in cartilage harvested from patients with osteoarthritis(OA).In this study,we aim to develop a senescence-relevant OA-like cartilage model for developing disease-modifying OA drugs(DMOADs).Spe-cifically,human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells(MSCs)were expanded in vitro up to passage 10(P10-MSCs).Following their senescent phenotype formation,P10-MSCs were subjected to pellet culture in chondrogenic medium.Results from qRT-PCR,histology,and immunostaining indicated that cartilage generated from P10-MSCs displayed both senescent and OA-like phenotypes without using other OA-inducing agents,when compared to that from normal passage 4(P4)-MSCs.Interestingly,the same gene expression differences observed between P4-MSCs and P10-MSC-derived cartilage tissues were also observed between the preserved and damaged OA cartilage regions taken from human samples,as demonstrated by RNA sequencing data and other analysis methods.Lastly,the utility of this senescence-initiated OA-like cartilage model in drug development was assessed by testing several potential DMOADs and senolytics.The results suggest that pre-existing cellular senescence can induce the generation of OA-like changes in cartilage.The P4-and P10-MSCs derived cartilage models also represent a novel platform for predicting the efficacy and toxicity of potential DMOADs on both preserved and damaged cartilage in humans.

关键词： osteoarthritis MSC senescence cartilage tissue engineering disease-modifying OA drug senolytic

EQUIVALENT UNIFORM DOSE SENSITIVITY TO CHANGES IN ABSORBED DOSE DISTRIBUTION

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International Journal of Biomathematics 2013年第1期6卷 129-142页

作者： FRANCISCO CUTANDA-HENRIQUEZ silvia VARGAS-CASTRILLON Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Mara~Sn Calle Doctor Esquerdo 46 28007 Madrid Spain Universidad Politdcnica de madrid Ciudad Universitaria s/n 28040 Madrid Spain

Treatment planning in external beam radiation therapy (EBRT) utilizes dose volume histograms (DVHs) as optimization and evaluation tools. They present the fraction of planning target volume (PTV) receiving more than a given absorbed dose, against the absorbed dose values, and a number of radiobiological indices can be computed with their help. Equivalent uniform dose (EUD) is the absorbed dose that, uniformly imparted, would yield the same biological effect on a tumor as the dose distribution described by the DVH. Uncertainty and missing information can affect the dose distribution, therefore DVHs can be modeled as samples from a set of possible outcomes. This work studies the sensitivity of the EUD index when a small change in absorbed dose distribution takes place. EUD is treated as a functional on the set of DVHs. Defining a Lévy distance on this set and using a suitable expansion of the functional, a very simple expression for a bound on the variation of EUD when the dose distribution changes is found. This bound is easily interpreted in terms of standard treatment planning practice.

关键词：剂量分布吸收剂量均匀敏感度等价生物学指标评估工具生物效应

Activation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling in abdominal aortic aneurysm:A potential therapeutic opportunity?

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Genes & Diseases 2023年第3期10卷 639-642页

作者： Lídia Puertas-Umbert Saray Varona Carme Ballester-Servera Judith Alonso silvia Aguiló Mar Orriols Ernesto Martínez-Martínez Antonio Rodríguez-Sinovas JoséMartínez-González Cristina Rodríguez Institut de Recerca Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau(IRHSCSP) Barcelona 08025Spain Instituto de Investigación Biomédica Sant Pau Barcelona 08036Spain CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares ISCIIIMadrid 28029Spain Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas de Barcelona-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas(IIBB-CSIC) Barcelona 08036Spain Facultad de Medicina Universidad Complutense de MadridInstituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio MarañónMadrid 28040Spain Cardiovascular Diseases Research Group Vall d’Hebron Institut de RecercaVall d’Hebron Hospital UniversitariVall d’Hebron Barcelona Hospital CampusBarcelona 08035Spain

Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a common degenerative vascular disease with a prevalence up to 8% in males over 60 years of age.1 This is a complex disorder characterized by permanent and focal dilation of abdominal aorta that exceeds at least 50% of the normal diameter. In these patients, the aortic diameter progressively expands boosted by smoking and aging as major risk factors. Unfortunately, aneurysm growth increases the risk of aortic rupture, a life-threatening emergency that carries a mortality rate of 80%. Despite the increasing effort of the scientific community to identify therapeutic strategies for AAA, there are currently no pharmacological tools that ameliorate aneurysm expansion, while the underlying mechanisms involved in this disease are not completely understood.

关键词： aneurysm aortic therapeutic

ACE Score Identifies HBeAg-negative Inactive Carriers at a Single-point Evaluation,Regardless of HBV Genotype

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Journal of Clinical and Translational Hepatology 2022年第6期10卷 1068-1076页

作者： Luisa Roade Mar Riveiro-Barciela Adriana Palom Francisco Rodríguez-Frías Marta Bes Ariadna Rando María Teresa Salcedo Rosario Casillas Elena Vargas-Accarino David Tabernero silvia Sauleda Rafael Esteban María Buti Liver Unit Internal Medicine DepartmentHospital Universitari Vall d’HebronVall d’Hebron Barcelona Hospital CampusBarcelonaSpain Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona(UAB) Department of MedicineBarcelonaSpain Universitat Au-tònoma de Barcelona(UAB) Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyBarcelonaSpain Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas(CIBERehd) Instituto de Salud Carlos IIIMadridSpain Liver Pathology Lab Biochemistry and Microbiology Departments(Clinical Laboratories)Hospital Universitari Vall d’HebronVall d’Hebron Barcelona Hospital CampusBarcelonaSpain Vall d’Hebron Institut de Recerca(VHIR) Liver Diseases GroupBarcelonaSpain Transfusion Safety Laboratory Banc de Sang i TeixitsServei Catalàde la SalutBarcelonaSpain De-partment of Pathology Hospital Universitari Vall d’HebronUniversitat Autònoma de BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain

Background and Aims:Hepatitis B virus(HBV)biomark-ers have been used for a better categorization of patients,even though the lack of simple algorithms and the impact of genotypes limit their application.Our aim was to assess the usefulness of noninvasive markers for the identification of HBV inactive carriers(ICs)in a single-point evaluation and to design a predictive model for their identification.Meth-ods:This retrospective-prospective study included 343 consecutive HBeAg-negative individuals.Clinical,analytical,and virological data were collected,and a liver biopsy was performed if needed.Subjects were classified at the end of follow-up as ICs,chronic hepatitis B and gray zone.A pre-dictive model was constructed,and validated by 1000-boot-strap samples.Results:After 39 months of follow-up,298 subjects were ICs,36 were chronic hepatitis B CHB,and nine were gray zone.Eighty-nine(25.9%)individuals re-quired a liver biopsy.Baseline HBV DNA hazard ratio(HR)6.0,p<0.001),HBV core-related antigen(HBcrAg)(HR 6.5,p<0.001),and elastography(HR 4.6,p<0.001)were inde-pendently associated with the IC stage.The ACE score(HBV DNA,HBcrAg,elastography),obtained by bootstrapping,yielded an area under the receiver operating characteris-tics(AUROC)of 0.925(95%CI:0.880-0.970,p<0.001)for identification of ICs.The AUROC for genotype D was 0.95,0.96 for A,0.90 for E,and 0.88 for H/F.An ACE score of<1 had a positive predictive value of 99.5%,and a score≤12 points had a diagnostic accuracy of 93.8%.Conclusions:Low baseline HBV DNA,HBcrAg,and liver stiffness were in-dependently associated with the IC phase.A score including those variables identified ICs at a single-point evaluation,and might be applied to implement less intensive follow-up strategies.

关键词： Hepatitis B virus Inactive carrier Liver stiffness HBV DNA Quan-titative HBsAg Core-related antigen.

Ectopic papilla of Vater in the pylorus

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2009年第41期15卷 5221-5223页

作者： Iván Guerra Luis Ramón Rábago Fernando Bermejo Elvira Quintanilla silvia García-Garzón Gastroenterology Service University Hospital Severo Ochoa Leganés 28911 Madrid Spain

The major papilla of Vater is usually located in the second portion of the duodenum, to the posterior medial wall. Sometimes the mouth of the biliary duct is located in other areas. Drainage of the common bile duct into the pylorus is extremely rare. A 73-year old man, with a history of duodenal ulcer, was admitted to hospital with the diagnosis of cholangitis. Dilatation of the extrahepatic biliary duct was observed by abdominal ultrasonography, and endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) was performed. No area suggesting the presence of the papilla of Vater was found within the second duodenal portion. Finally the major papilla was located in the theoretical pyloric duct. Cholangiography was performed and choledocholithiasis was found in the biliary tree. The patient underwent dilatation of the papilla with a balloon tyre and removal of a 7 mm stone using a Dormia basket, which solved the problem without further complications. This anomaly increased the difficulty of performing therapeutic interventions during ERCP. This alteration in anatomy may increase the risk of complications during papillotomy, with a theoretically higher risk of perforation. Dilatation using a balloon was the chosen therapeutic technique both in our case and in the literature, due to its low rate of complications.

关键词：乳头幽门十二指肠正常现象并发症胆管气球治疗

Nutritional effects of the dietary inclusion of partially defatted Hermetia illucens larva meal in Muscovy duck

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2019年第3期10卷 768-777页

作者： Marta Gariglio Sihem Dabbou Ilaria Biasato Maria Teresa Capucchio Elena Colombino Fuensanta Hernandez Josefa madrid silvia Martinez Francesco Gai Christian Caimi Sara Bellezza Oddon Marco Meneguz Angela Trocino Riccardo Vincenzi Laura Gasco Achille Schiavone Department of Veterinary Sciences University of Turinlargo Paolo Braccini 2TurinGrugliasco 10095Italy Department of Agricultural Forest and Food SciencesUniversity of Turinlargo Paolo Braccini 2TurinGrugliasco 10095Italy Department of Animal Production University of MurciaCampus de Espinardo30071 MurciaSpain Institute of Science of Food Production National Research Councillargo Paolo Braccini 2TurinGrugliasco 10095Italy Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science University of Paduaviale dell’Universita 16PaduaLegnaro 35020Italy A.I.A.Agricola Italiana Alimentare S.p.A via Val Pantena 18G37142 VeronaItaly 7Institute of Interdisciplinary Research on Sustainability University of Turinvia Accademia Albertina 1310100 TurinItaly

Background: The present work is aimed at evaluating the effect of different inclusion levels of a partially defatted black soldier fly(Hermetia illucens,L.;HI) larva meal for ducks.A total of 192 female 3-day-old Muscovy ducklings(Cairina moschata domestica,Canedins R71 L White,Grimaud Freres Selection,France) were divided into 4 groups,assigned 4 different dietary treatments(6 replicates/treatment and 8 birds/replicate) and reared from 3 to 50 days of age.HI larva meal was included at increasing levels(0,3%,6% and 9%,HI0,HI3,HI6 and HI9,respectively) in isonitrogenous and isoenergetic diets formulated for 3 feeding phases: starter(3–17 days of age),grower(18–38 days of age) and finisher(39–50 days of age).The growth performance and apparent total tract digestibility were evaluated during the trial using titanium dioxide as an inert marker(0.3% of inclusion).At 51 days of age,two birds per pen were slaughtered and histomorphological investigations were performed.Results: The live weight and average daily gain showed a quadratic response to increasing HI meal in the grower period(minimum corresponding to the HI6 group).No effects of dietary inclusion levels were observed for the daily feed intake or feed conversion ratio.The apparent dry matter and organic matter digestibility were not affected by the dietary treatment.A linear decrease was observed for the crude protein apparent digestibility in the starter period(minimum for the HI9 groups).The ether extract apparent digestibility increased linearly during the grower and finisher periods(minimum for the HI0 group).The morphometric indices were not influenced by the dietary treatments.Conclusions: The inclusion of up to 9% of HI partially defatted larva meal in the diet of ducks did not cause any effect on growth performance,as well as the apparent digestibility.Moreover,dietary HI inclusion preserved the physiological intestinal development.

关键词： Black soldier fly Digestibility Ducks Histopathology Insect Performance