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Efficient wide-bandgap perovskite solar cells with open-circuit voltage deficit below 0.4 V via hole-selective interface engineering

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Science China Chemistry 2024年第6期67卷 2102-2110页

作者： Xiaoyu Ji shuo Zhang Furong Yu Huidong Zhang Liqing Zhan Yue Hu Wei-Hong Zhu Yongzhen Wu Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials ChemistryFrontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic ChemistryInstitute of Fine ChemicalsSchool of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringEast China University of Science and TechnologyShanghai200237China School of Chemistry University of EdinburghKing’s BuildingsEdinburghEH93FJUK

Wide-bandgap mixed-halide perovskite solar cells(WBG-PSCs)are promising top cells for efficient tandem photovoltaics to achieve high power conversion efficiency(PCE)at low cost.However,the open-circuit voltage(V_(OC))of WBG-PSCs is still unsatisfactory as the V_(OC)-deficit is generally larger than 0.45 V.Herein,we report a buried interface engineering strategy that substantially improves the V_(OC)of WBG-PSCs by inserting amphiphilic molecular hole-selective materials featuring with a cyanovinyl phosphonic acid(CPA)anchoring group between the perovskite and substrate.The assembly and redistribution of CPA-based amphiphilic molecules at the perovskite-substrate buried interface not only promotes the growth of a low-defect crystalline perovskite thin film,but also suppresses the photo-induced halide phase separation.The energy level alignment between wide-bandgap perovskite and the hole-selective layer is further improved by modulating the substituents on the triphenylamine donor moiety(methoxyls for MPA-CPA,methyls for Me PA-CPA,and bare TPA-CPA).Using a 1.68 e V bandgap perovskite,the Me PA-CPA-based devices achieved an unprecedentedly high V_(OC)of 1.29 V and PCE of 22.3%under standard AM 1.5 sunlight.The V_(OC)-deficit(<0.40 V)is the lowest value reported for WBG-PSCs.This work not only provides an effective approach to decreasing the V_(OC)-deficit of WBG-PSCs,but also confirms the importance of energy level alignment at the charge-selective layers in PSCs.

关键词： cyanovinyl phosphonic acid energy level alignment hole-selective material open-circuit voltage wide-bandgap perovskite

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Development and formation of wing cuticle based on transcriptomic analysis in Locusta migratoria during metamorphosis

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2024年第4期23卷 1285-1299页

作者： Jing Zhang Zhaochen Wu shuo Li He Huang Suning Liu Weimin Liu Xiaoming Zhao Jianzhen Zhang Shanxi Key Laboratory of Nucleic Acid Biopesticides Institute of Applied BiologyShanxi UniversityTaiyuan 030006China College of Life Science Shanxi UniversityTaiyuan 030006China Guangmeiyuan R&D Center/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied Technology South China Normal UniversityMeizhou 514779China

Wings are an important flight organ of insects.Wing development is a complex process controlled by a series of genes.The flightless wing pad transforms into a mature wing with the function of migratory flight during the nymphto-adult metamorphosis.However,the mechanism of wing morphogenesis in locusts is still unclear.This study analyzed the microstructures of the locust wing pads at pre-eclosion and the wings after eclosion and performed the comparative transcriptome analysis.RNA-seq identified 25,334 unigenesand 3,430 differentially expressed genes(DEGs)(1,907 up-regulated and 1,523 down-regulated).The DEGs mainly included cuticle development(LmACPs),chitin metabolism(Lm Idgf4),lipid metabolism-related genes,cell adhesion(Integrin),zinc finger transcription factors(LmSalm,LmZF593 andLmZF521),and others.Functional analysis based on RNA interference and hematoxylin and eosin(H&E)staining showed that the three genes encoded zinc finger transcription factors are essential for forming wing cuticle and maintaining morphology in Locusta migratoria.Finally,the study found that the LmSalm regulates the expression of LmACPs in the wing pads at pre-eclosion,and LmZF593 and LmZF521 regulate the expression of LmIntegrin/LmIdgf4/LmHMT420 in the wings after eclosion.This study revealed that the molecular regulatory axis controls wing morphology in nymphal and adult stages of locusts,offering a theoretical basis for the study of wing development mechanisms in hemimetabolous insects.

关键词： Locusta migratoria wing development metamorphosis RNA-seq

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Chaiqin Chengqi Decoction as an adjuvant treatment for mild/moderately severe hypertriglyceridemic acute pancreatitis: A retrospective study

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第11期12卷 1918-1928页

作者： Hai-Fu Zhang Ze-Xuan Su Yong-Hang Feng shuo-Jun Li Bi-Yun Xie Department of Internal Medicine The First People's Hospital of FuyangHangzhou 311400Zhejiang ProvinceChina

Hypertriglyceridemia is the third leading cause of acute pancreatitis(AP),and its incidence is increasing.Due to its relatively insidious etiology,it is easy to be ignored in the early stages.In China,Chaiqin Chengqi Decoction(CQCQD)has long been employed for treating AP.AIM To evaluate the effectiveness of CQCQD in patients diagnosed with mild/moderately severe hypertriglyceridemic AP(HTG-AP).METHODS In this study,the clinical data of 39 patients with HTG-AP admitted from January 2019 to November 2022 were collected.The changes of blood lipids,gastrointestinal symptoms,and abdominal pain before and after treatment were analyzed and compared between the two groups.RESULTS Twenty patients were treated with the conventional HTG-AP regimen,and 19 patients were additionally treated with CQCQD.After receiving treatment,the triglycerides(TG)level of the CQCQD group was lower than that of the CQCQD group(3.14±0.25 mmol/L vs 4.96±0.47 mmol/L,P<0.01).After 3 d of treatment,the patients in the CQCQD group had more bowel movements than the control group(2.51±0.25 times vs 1.00±0.17 times,P=0.01).The gastrointestinal function of most patients returned to normal,and the acute gastrointestinal injury score was significantly lower than that of the control group(0.11±0.07 vs 0.42±0.11,P<0.01).CONCLUSION In patients with HTG-AP,CQCQD can significantly reduce the TG level,shorten the recovery time of defecation,significantly improve the gastrointestinal function.

关键词： Hypertriglyceridemic acute pancreatitis Chinese medicine Chaiqin Chengqi Decoction Serum lipid Triglycerides

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Instrumented oscillographic study on impact toughness of an axle steel DZ2 with different tempering temperatures

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2024年第7期31卷 1590-1598页

作者： shuo Liu Peng Zhang Bin Wang Kaizhong Wang Zikuan Xu Fangzhong Hu Xin Bai Qiqiang Duan Zhefeng Zhang Shi-changxu Innovation Center for Advanced Materials Institute of Metal ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesShenyang 110016China School of Materials Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology of ChinaShenyang 110016China Technology Center Ma'anshan Iron and Steel Co.Ltd.Ma'anshan 243000China

Compared with the conventional Charpy impact test method,the oscillographic impact test can help in the behavioral analysis of materials during the fracture process.In this study,the trade-off relationship between the strength and toughness of a DZ2 axle steel at various tempering temperatures and the cause of the improvement in impact toughness was evaluated.The tempering process dramatically influenced carbide precipitation behavior,which resulted in different aspect ratios of carbides.Impact toughness improved along with the rise in tempering temperature mainly due to the increase in energy required in impact crack propagation.The characteristics of the impact crack propagation process were studied through a comprehensive analysis of stress distribution,oscilloscopic impact statistics,fracture morphology,and carbide morphology.The poor impact toughness of low-tempering-temperature specimens was attributed to the increased number of stress concentration points caused by carbide morphology in the small plastic zone during the propagation process,which resulted in a mixed distribution of brittle and ductile fractures on the fracture surface.

关键词： axle steel DZ2 tempering process impact toughness oscillographic impact test impact crack propagation carbides

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Genetically predicted fatty liver disease and risk of psychiatric disorders: A mendelian randomization study

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第14期12卷 2359-2369页

作者： Wei-Ming Xu Hai-Fu Zhang Yong-Hang Feng shuo-Jun Li Bi-Yun Xie Department of Medicine The First People's Hospital of FuyangHangzhou 311400Zhejiang ProvinceChina Department of Internal Medicine The First People's Hospital of FuyangHangzhou 311400Zhejiang ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)and alcohol-related liver disease(Ar-LD)constitute the primary forms of chronic liver disease,and their incidence is progressively increasing with changes in lifestyle habits.Earlier studies have do-cumented a correlation between the occurrence and development of prevalent mental disorders and fatty liver.AIM To investigate the correlation between fatty liver and mental disorders,thus ne-cessitating the implementation of a mendelian randomization(MR)study to elu-cidate this association.METHODS Data on NAFLD and ArLD were retrieved from the genome-wide association studies catalog,while information on mental disorders,including Alzheimer's disease,schizophrenia,anxiety disorder,attention deficit hyperactivity disorder(ADHD),bipolar disorder,major depressive disorder,multiple personality dis-order,obsessive-compulsive disorder(OCD),post-traumatic stress disorder(PTSD),and schizophrenia was acquired from the psychiatric genomics consor-tium.A two-sample MR method was applied to investigate mediators in signifi-cant associations.RESULTS After excluding weak instrumental variables,a causal relationship was identified between fatty liver disease and the occurrence and development of some psychia-tric disorders.Specifically,the findings indicated that ArLD was associated with a significantly elevated risk of developing ADHD(OR:5.81,95%CI:5.59-6.03,P<0.01),bipolar disorder(OR:5.73,95%CI:5.42-6.05,P=0.03),OCD(OR:6.42,95%CI:5.60-7.36,P<0.01),and PTSD(OR:5.66,95%CI:5.33-6.01,P<0.01).Meanwhile,NAFLD significantly increased the risk of developing bipolar disorder(OR:55.08,95%CI:3.59-845.51,P<0.01),OCD(OR:61.50,95%CI:6.69-565.45,P<0.01),and PTSD(OR:52.09,95%CI:4.24-639.32,P<0.01).CONCLUSION Associations were found between genetic predisposition to fatty liver disease and an increased risk of a broad range of psychiatric disorders,namely bipolar disorder,OCD,and PTSD,highlighting the significance of preven-tive measures against psychiatric disorders in patients with fatty liver

关键词： Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease Alcohol-related liver disease Psychiatric disorders Mendelian randomization Single nucleotide polymorphisms

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D-Psicose intake exacerbates dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis in mice through alteration in the gut microbiota and dysfunction of mucosal barrier

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年第1期13卷 173-182页

作者： Xuejiao Zhang Ang Li Yuanyifei Wang Jin Wang Bowei Zhang Yan Zhang Jingmin Liu shuo Wang Tianjin Key Laboratory of Food Science and Health School of MedicineNankai UniversityTianjin 300072China College of Food Science and Technology Hebei Agricultural UniversityBaoding 071001China

D-Psicose,as a low-calorie rare sugar,has attracted a lot of attention in recent years for alternating to sucrose.The anti-obesity effect of D-psicose has been extensively confirmed in previous studies,however,the impact of D-psicose on colitis remains vague.Here,we firstly evaluated the effect of the D-psicose prophylactic intervention on dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis in C57BL/6 mice.The pathological symptoms,inflammatory cytokines levels,gut microbiota composition,short chain fatty acids(SCFAs)production and colonic barrier integrity were comprehensively evaluated.The results confirmed that D-psicose intervention aggravated colitis,characterized by the exacerbation of colon shortening,increase of colonic inflammatory infiltration,and marked exaltation of disease activity indices and IL-6,IL-1βand TNF-αlevels.Further,the dysfunction of gut microbiota was identified in the psicose group.The abundance of pro-inflammatory bacteria Lachnospiraceae_NK4A136_group was significantly up-regulated while the abundance of probiotics Akkermansia and Lactobacillus were significantly down-regulated in the psicose group compared to the model group.Moreover,the production of SCFAs was suppressed in the psicose group,accompanied by a decrease in the level of mucin 2(Muc-2).Collectively,the underlying mechanism of the exacerbation of colitis by D-psicose intervention might be attributed to microbiota dysfunction accompanied by the reduction of SCFAs,which leads to the damage of the mucosal barrier and the intensifi cation of inflammatory invasion.

关键词： D-Psicose Colitis Gut microbiota Short chain fatty acids Mucin 2

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深度学习在动物行为分析中的应用研究进展

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计算机科学与探索 2024年第3期18卷 612-626页

作者：申通王硕李孟秦伦明上海电力大学电子与信息工程学院上海201306 中国科学院上海微系统与信息技术研究所上海200050

近年来动物行为分析已成为脑科学与人工智能等领域的重要研究手段之一,研究者基于深度学习的图像分析技术,构建了自动化、智能化的动物行为分析方法。相较于传统的动物行为分析方法,该类方法无需对动物进行特殊标记,可高效地对动物的姿... 详细信息

近年来动物行为分析已成为脑科学与人工智能等领域的重要研究手段之一,研究者基于深度学习的图像分析技术,构建了自动化、智能化的动物行为分析方法。相较于传统的动物行为分析方法,该类方法无需对动物进行特殊标记,可高效地对动物的姿态进行估计和跟踪,实验情景贴近自然情况,为复杂的动物行为实验提供了潜在可能性。对深度学习在动物行为分析中的应用研究进行综述,首先简要分析动物行为分析的任务及现状;然后重点介绍并比较现有的基于深度学习的动物行为分析工具,根据实验分析的行为维度,将该类工具分为二维的动物行为分析工具和三维的动物行为分析工具,并对工具的功能、性能以及适用范围进行论述;进而介绍了现有的动物数据集和评价指标,对现有的动物行为分析工具所利用的算法机制从优势、局限性、适用场景做出总结;最后,从数据集、实验范式和低延时性等方面对基于深度学习的动物行为分析工具做出展望。

关键词：动物行为分析方法深度学习动物姿态估计

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Statistical Channel Modeling for Indoor VLC Communications Based on Channel Measurements

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China Communications 2024年第1期21卷 131-147页

作者： shuo Liu Pan Tang Jianhua Zhang Yue Yin Yu Tong Baobao Liu Guangyi Liu Liang Xia State Key Laboratory of Information Photonics and Optical Communications Beijing University of Posts and TelecommunicationsBeijing 100876China State Key Laboratory of Networking and Switching Technology Beijing University of Posts and TelecommunicationsBeijing 100876China China Mobile Research Institute Beijing 100053China

Visible light communication(VLC)has attracted much attention in the research of sixthgeneration(6G)systems.Furthermore,channel modeling is the foundation for designing efficient and robust VLC systems.In this paper,we present extensive VLC channel measurement campaigns in indoor environments,i.e.,an office and a corridor.Based on the measured data,the large-scale fading characteristics and multipath-related characteristics,including omnidirectional optical path loss(OPL),K-factor,power angular spectrum(PAS),angle spread(AS),and clustering characteristics,are analyzed and modeled through a statistical method.Based on the extracted statistics of the above-mentioned channel characteristics,we propose a statistical spatial channel model(SSCM)capable of modeling multipath in the spatial domain.Furthermore,the simulated statistics of the proposed model are compared with the measured statistics.For instance,in the office,the simulated path loss exponent(PLE)and the measured PLE are 1.96and 1.97,respectively.And,the simulated medians of AS and measured medians of AS are 25.94°and 24.84°,respectively.Generally,the fact that the simulated results fit well with measured results has demonstrated the accuracy of our SSCM.

关键词： channel characteristics channel measurement channel modeling 6G spatial lobe VLC

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Tirofiban combined with Aspirin in the Treatment of Acute Penetrating Artery Territory Infarction (STRATEGY): protocol for a multicentre, randomised controlled trial

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Stroke & Vascular Neurology 2024年第1期9卷 75-81,I0047-I0052页

作者： Xiaoling Liao shuo Feng Yicong Wang Yuesong Pan Weiqi Chen Hui Qu Xingquan Zhao Liping Liu Yongjun Wang Yilong Wang Department of Neurology Beijing Tiantan HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases Beijing TiantanHospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina Chinese Institute for Brain Research BeijingChina National Center for Neurological Diseases BeijingChina Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection Capital Medical UniversityBeijingChina Beijing Laboratory of Oral Health Capital Medical UniversityBeijingChina

Background Perforating artery territorial infarction(PAI)caused by branch atheromatous disease(BAD)is prone to recurrence and early progression without an effective and well-documented antiplatelet treatment regimen.Tirofiban,an adjunctive antiplatelet agent,has shown great potential to treat acute ischaemic stroke.However,whether the combination of tirofiban and aspirin can improve the prognosis of PAI remains unclear.Aim To explore an effective and safe antiplatelet regimen for reducing the risk of recurrence and early neurological deterioration(END)in PAI caused by BAD by comparing the tirofiban and aspirin combination with placebo and aspirin combination.Methods Tirofiban combined with Aspirin in the Treatment of Acute Penetrating Artery Territory Infarction(STRATEGY)trial is an ongoing multicentre,randomised,placebo-controlled trial in China.Eligible patients shall be randomly assigned to receive standard aspirin with tirofiban or placebo on the first day and standard aspirin from days 2 to 90.The primary endpoint is a new stroke or END within 90 days.The primary safety endpoint is severe or moderate bleeding within 90 days.Discussion The STRATEGY trial will assess whether tirofiban combined with aspirin is effective and safe in preventing recurrence and END in patients with PAI.Trial registration number NCT05310968.

关键词： Aspirin regimen centre

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Anti-corrosive and highly reversible zinc metal anode enabled by the phenolic resin coating

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Rare Metals 2024年第5期43卷 2115-2124页

作者： Ya-Ping Wang Ya-Di Yang Shu-Qi Duan Li Wang Jia-shuo Guo An-Qiang Pan School of Materials Science and Engineering Hebei University of Technology Key Laboratory of Special Functional Materials for Ecological Environment and Information (Hebei University of Technology) Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for New Type of Functional Materials in Hebei Province Hebei University of Technology School of Materials Science and Engineering Central South University

Aqueous zinc-ion batteries have attracted much attention due to their high theoretical capacity,low cost high safety,and eco-friendly.However,challenges such as dendrite growth and side reactions severely hinder the electrochemical performance of the Zn anode,leading to low Coulombic efficiency (CE) or even short circuits Herein,phenolic resin (PF) is used as a protective coating on the surface of the zinc metal electrode.The PF layer can greatly improve the corrosion resistance of the Zn electrode in the electrolyte.Importantly,this artificial electrode/electrolyte interphase also elevates the nucleation barrier and restrains Zn2+2D diffusion,regulating the zinc deposition/dissolution behavior.As a result,PF@Zn symmetric cells exhibit superior performance than that of bare Zn symmetric cells,achieving a stable and dendrite-free cycle of 1400 h.Furthermore,the carbon nanotube MnO2||PF@Zn (CNT/MnO2||PF@Zn) full cell also delivers a long cycle life with a high-capacity retention of about 180.0 m Ah·g-1after 1400 cycles,far exceeding that of bare Zn anode.This work provides a facile strategy for achieving a dendrite-free and rechargeable zinc anode.

关键词： Rechargeable aqueous batteries Zn metal anode Phenolic resin Anti-corrosion

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