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对19世纪末中英铜货索赔案的再研究——法国史料"两广总督称西沙既不属于中国也不属于安南"的来龙去脉

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清华大学学报（哲学社会科学版） 2023年第4期38卷 117-133,223页

作者：顾跃挺曹树基许盘清三江学院中外南海历史舆图研究基地南京210012

19世纪末中英铜货索赔案指的是中国和英国政府就两艘外国商船——德国边楼拏号(Bellona)和日本姬路丸(Himegi Maru)——在西沙海域失事、部分铜货被中国渔民打捞事件的外交交涉。20世纪30年代法国文献中出现了"清朝两广总督称西沙既不... 详细信息

19世纪末中英铜货索赔案指的是中国和英国政府就两艘外国商船——德国边楼拏号(Bellona)和日本姬路丸(Himegi Maru)——在西沙海域失事、部分铜货被中国渔民打捞事件的外交交涉。20世纪30年代法国文献中出现了"清朝两广总督称西沙既不属于中国也不属于安南"一说。2021年英国学者比尔·海顿(Bill Hayton)根据一份中文照会的英文译文所称沉船地点发生于high seas,以及清廷文件中的"大海茫茫从何保护",便断定清政府官员以沉船之地为公海而推卸责任。于是,外媒大肆渲染,认为这是中国不拥有西沙群岛的"铁证"。然而,依据我们最近从英国国家档案馆新发现的中文照会原件,high seas只是对中文"大洋"一词的翻译,根本没有公海之意。中英双方根据《中英天津条约》第十九款处理该案,充分说明英国当时把西沙群岛及其海域当成中国的管辖范围。从地方到中央,清政府从没有对中国拥有西沙海域的管辖权提出异议。"清朝两广总督称西沙既不属于中国也不属于安南",只是法国人对中英文史料的曲解和臆想。

关键词：铜货索赔案西沙群岛大清总理衙门英国驻华公使

Liver-targeted hydrodynamic gene therapy: Recent advances in the technique

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2016年第40期22卷 8862-8868页

作者： Takeshi Yokoo Kenya Kamimura Hiroyuki Abe Yuji Kobayashi Tsutomu Kanefuji Kohei Ogawa Ryo Goto Masafumi Oda Takeshi Suda shuji Terai Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences Niigata University Institute for Research Collaboration and Promotion Niigata University

One of the major research focuses in the field of gene therapy is the development of clinically applicable, safe, and effective gene-delivery methods. Since the first case of human gene therapy was performed in 1990, a number of gene-delivery methods have been developed, evaluated for efficacy and safety, and modified for human application. To date, viral-vectormediated deliveries have shown effective therapeutic results. However, the risk of lethal immune response and carcinogenesis have been reported, and it is still controversial to be applied as a standard therapeutic option. On the other hand, delivery methods for nonviral vector systems have been developed, extensively studied, and utilized in in vivo gene-transfer studies. Compared to viral-vector mediated gene transfer, nonviral systems have less risk of biological reactions. However, the lower gene-transfer efficiency was a critical hurdle for applying them to human gene therapy. Among a number of nonviral vector systems, our studies focus on hydrodynamic gene delivery to utilize physical force to deliver naked DNA into the cells in the living animals. This method achieves a high gene-transfer level by DNA solution injections into the tail vein of rodents, especially in the liver. With the development of genome editing methods, in vivo gene-transfer therapy using this method is currently the focus in this research field. This review explains the method principle, efficiency, safety, and procedural modifications to achieve a high level of reproducibility in large-animal models.

关键词：基因治疗肝水动力学基因交货非病毒指导图象

ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGES IN NORTHWEST ARID CHINA DURINGRECENT 40 YEARS

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Journal of Geographical Sciences 1994年第Z1期4卷 25-33页

作者： WANG shuji(Xinjiang Institute of Geography, CAS,Urumqi 830011People’s Republic of China)

The oases environment of arid lands in Northwest Chinahas been improved during recent 40 years, but the generalenvironments out of the oases have been deteriorating. This aniclediscusses the cause and effect of the environmental changes withthe aid of rich data and puts forward countermeasures fOr eco-enviromnental protection and improvement.

关键词： desertifiction environmental protection arid lands China

Asymmetric Diels-Alder Reaction of 1-(S_R)-p-Tolylsulfinyl-3-penten-2-one with Cyclopentadiene Catalzed by a Chiral Titanium Reagent

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Chinese Chemical Letters 1997年第11期8卷 935-936页

作者： Wen PEI(Department of Chemistry, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002)Eiji WADA and shuji KANEMASA (Institute of Advanced Material study, Kyushu University, Kasugakoen, Kasuga 816, Japan) Department of Chemistry Yanbian University Yanji 133002 China Institute of Advanced Material Study Kyushu University Kasugakoea Kasuga 816 Japan

Double asymmetric Diels-Alder reaction of 1(SR)-p-Tolylsulfinyl-3-penten-2-one with cyclopentadiene using a chiral titanium reagent was performed. The diastereoselectivity dependent on the size of aryl substituent involved in the chiral ligands was discussed Absolute configuration of the cycloadducts was conformed. Dramatic reversal of selectivity is observed.

关键词： p-Tolylsulfinyl-3-penten-2-one with Cyclopentadiene Catalzed by a Chiral Titanium Reagent S_R Asymmetric Diels-Alder Reaction of 1

航线与里程:文昌七洲洋与西沙七洲洋的地理位置

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中国历史地理论丛 2022年第1期37卷 15-28,43页

作者：许盘清安俊丽曹树基三江学院历史与文化地图研究院江苏南京210012 江苏海洋大学江苏连云港222000

自宋元至明清,中国古籍中七洲洋的含义不同,所指范围亦有所变化。本文通过方向、地名、航线与里程的综合分析,特别是将不同古籍对于同一航线各个航段的里程“更”的考证与计算,发现每更平均为21.3公里,这一结果在数字地图长距离航线的... 详细信息

自宋元至明清,中国古籍中七洲洋的含义不同,所指范围亦有所变化。本文通过方向、地名、航线与里程的综合分析,特别是将不同古籍对于同一航线各个航段的里程“更”的考证与计算,发现每更平均为21.3公里,这一结果在数字地图长距离航线的测量中通过检验。据此本文对中国古籍中七洲洋的含义及范围进行考证,结果发现七洲洋的地理范围随时代变化而扩大。明中期以前,中国古籍中的七洲洋大多指“文昌七洲洋”;明后期的中国古籍中也指“西沙七洲洋”,且“文昌七洲洋”与“西沙七洲洋”是两个不同的地理实体。与此同时,包括西沙群岛、中沙群岛和东沙群岛海域在内的“广义七洲洋”已经形成。七洲洋范围的演变经历了从明中期以前的相对稳定到明后期复杂多变的过程。

关键词：文昌七洲洋西沙七洲洋广义七洲洋更

Efficacy of low-dose thiopurine therapy for the induction of remission in steroid-dependent ulcerative colitis: Comparison with cytapheresis

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Open Journal of Gastroenterology 2012年第1期2卷 9-14页

作者： shuji Kochi Shotaro Nakamura Takayuki Matsumoto Department of Medicine and Clinical Science Graduate School of Medical Sciences Kyushu University Fukuoka Japan.

Background: The role of azathioprine (AZA) and 6-mercaptopurine (6-MP) in the induction of remission in patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) remains unclear. Aims: To compare the efficacy and safety of low-dose thiopurine (AZA/6-MP) and cytapheresis (CAP) for the induction of remission in patients with steroid- dependent UC. Patients and Methods: We reviewed the clinical course of 65 patients with steroid-dependent UC with moderate activity, who were treated with either low-dose AZA/6-MP (T-group, n = 38) or with CAP (C-group, n = 27). The efficacy and safety for the first 10 weeks after the start of the therapies were compared between the two groups. The cumulative probability curves of treatment failure were estimated by the Kaplan-Meier method. Clinical remission was defined as an ulcerative colitis activity index value of less than 150 without any other treatments. Results: Neither clinical characteristics, concomitant therapies, nor laboratory data (except for serum albumin levels) were different between the two groups. The remission rate at 10 weeks was not different between the two groups (55.3% in the T-group and 70.4% in the C-group, p = 0.22 in the intention-to-treat analysis). The frequencies of adverse events did not differ be- tween the two groups (p = 0.12). The cumulative pro- bability of treatment failure at 10 weeks was 44.7% for the T-group and 29.6% for the C-group (p = 0.23). Conclusions: Low-dose thiopurine therapy is an alter- native candidate for the induction of remission in pa- tients with steroid-dependent, moderate UC.

关键词： Ulcerative Colitis Azathioprine 6-Mercaptopurine Cytapheresis Induction of Remission

Fabrication of the beam splitters for soft X-ray laser application

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2003年第18期48卷 1930-1933页

作者： WANG Zhanshan WU Yonggang TANG Weixing QIN shuji CHEN Lingyan XU Xiangdong HONG Yilin FU Shaojun ZHU Jie CUI Mingqi Institute of Precision Optical Engineering Department of PhysicsTongji UniversityShanghai 200092China National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230029China Institute of High Energy Physics Beijing 100039China

The soft X-ray interferometry is completed by the Mach-Zehnder interferometer using a soft X-ray laser, and it is also an important method to measure the electron densities of a laser-produced plasma near the critical surface. It is apparently demonstrated in this paper that the incident angle of each optical element in the soft X-ray Mach- Zehnder interferometer should be near normal incidence based on the polarized characteristics of the soft X-ray mul-tilayers, and the product of reflectivity and transmission of the beam splitter should be taken as a standard of design according to the structure of the soft X-ray Mach-Zehnder interferometer. The beam splitters used in the soft X-ray interferometry at 13.9 nm are fabricated using the ion beam sputtering. The figure error of the beam splitter has reached the nanometer magnitude, in which the product of reflectiv-ity and transmission of the beam splitter is more than 1.6%.

关键词： soft X-ray beam splitter multilayer interference.

Paraneoplastic syndromes associated with lung cancer

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World Journal of Clinical Oncology 2014年第3期5卷 197-223页

作者： Nobuhiro Kanaji Naoki Watanabe Nobuyuki Kita shuji Bandoh Akira Tadokoro Tomoya Ishii Hiroaki Dobashi Takuya Matsunaga Department of Internal Medicine Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism Hematology Rheumatology and Respiratory MedicineFaculty of MedicineKagawa University

Paraneoplastic syndromes are signs or symptoms that occur as a result of organ or tissue damage at locations remote from the site of the primary tumor or metastases. Paraneoplastic syndromes associated with lung cancer can impair various organ functions and include neurologic, endocrine, dermatologic, rheumatologic, hematologic, and ophthalmological syndromes, as well as glomerulopathy and coagulopathy(Trousseau's syndrome). The histological type of lung cancer is generally dependent on the associated syndrome, the two most common of which are humoral hypercalcemia of malignancy in squamous cell carcinoma and the syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion in small cell lung cancer. The symptoms often precede the diagnosis of the associated lung cancer, especially when the symptoms are neurologic or dermatologic. The proposed mechanisms of paraneoplastic processes include the aberrant release of humoral mediators, such as hormones and hormone-like peptides, cyto-kines, and antibodies. Treating the underlying cancer is generally the most effective therapy for paraneoplastic syndromes, and treatment soon after symptom onset appears to offer the best potential for symptom improvement. In this article, we review the diagnosis, potential mechanisms, and treatments of a wide variety of paraneoplastic syndromes associated with lung cancer.

关键词： Paraneoplastic syndrome Small cell lung cancer Non-small cell lung cancer Symptom Diagnosis Treatment Endocrine Neurologic Hematologic Trousseau’s syndrome

Influence of Nickel Content on the Properties of High Nitrogen Austenitic Stainless Steels

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Influence of Nickel Content on the Properties of High Nitrog...