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Saponins and solvent extracts from Atriplex laciniata L. exhibited high anthelmintic and insecticidal activities

Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine 2017年第5期37卷 599-606页

作者： Zul Kamal Farhat Ullah Sajjad ahmad Muhammad Ayaz Abdul Sadiq Muhammad Imran shujat ahmad Faiz Ur Rahman Anwar Zeb Department of Pharmacy Shaheed Benazir Bhutto University Sheringal Dir Upper 18050Pakistan Department of Pharmacy University of Malakand Chakdara Dir Lower 18000 Pakistan Department of Zoology Shaheed Benazir Bhutto University Sheringal Dir Upper 18050 Pakistan

OBJECTIVE: To investigate saponins and various solvent extracts from Atriplex laciniata(A. laciniata)against human parasites and various ***: The samples from A. laciniata used in the activities were crude saponins(*** F) and solvent samples including methanolic extract(*** F), ethyl acetate(*** F), choloroform(*** F),n-hexane(*** F) and water residual(*** F). Anthelmintic potentials of the samples were analyzed against Pheretima posthuma(earthworms) and Ascaridia galli(round worms) using contact toxicity method. Insecticidal activities were performed against Heterotermes indicola(termite), Monomorium pharaonis(pharaoh ant), Tribolium castaneum(flour beetle) and Rhyzopertha dominica(grain borer) using standard ***: In anthelmintic assay, *** F and *** F were most effective against P. posthuma and A. gal-li with average death times of 25.62 and 29.65 min respectively. Likewise the anthelmintic assay, *** F and *** F were most effective against H. indicola causing 90.36% and 73.24% lethality respectively. Furthermore, in anti-Pharaoh activity *** F, *** F, *** F, *** F and *** F exhibited highest activity with LD50 of 78, 220, 260, 330 and > 800 mg/m L respectively. *** F and *** F were highly effective against R. dominica causing 80.11% and71.30% lethality respectively. *** F was found most active against T. ***: Our findings suggest that the *** F, *** F and *** F extracted from *** *** be the best options for the isolation of anthelmintic and bio-insecticidal compounds.

关键词： Saponins Atriplex Parasites Hetero termes indicola Monomorium pharaonis Rhyzopertha dominica Tribolium castaneum

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Gaussian process regression for prediction and confidence analysis of fruit traits by near-infrared spectroscopy

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Food Quality and Safety 2023年第1期7卷 132-137页

作者： Xiaojing Chen Jianxia Xue Xiao Chen Xinyu Zhao shujat Ali Guangzao Huang College of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Wenzhou UniversityWenzhouChina Wenzhou Institute of Industry&Science WenzhouChina

Detection of fruit traits by using near-infrared(NIR)spectroscopy may encounter out-of-distribution samples that exceed the generalization ability of a constructed calibration ***,confidence analysis for a given prediction is required,but this cannot be done using common calibration models of NIR *** address this issue,this paper studied the Gaussian process regression(GPR)for fruit traits detection using NIR *** mean and variance of the GPR were used as the predicted value and confidence,*** show this,a real NIR data set related to dry matter content measurements in mango was *** to partial least squares regression(PLSR),GPR showed approximately 14%lower root mean squared error(RMSE)for the in-distribution test *** with no confidence analysis,using the variance of GPR to remove abnormal samples made GPR and PLSR showed approximately 58%and 10%lower RMSE on the mixed distribution test set,respectively(when the type 1 error rate was set to 0.1).Compared with traditional one-class classification methods,the variance of the GPR can be used to effectively eliminate poorly predicted samples.

关键词： Near-infrared spectroscopy fruit traits calibration model confidence analysis Gaussian process regression

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