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Real-time analysis and prediction of shield cutterhead torque using optimized gated recurrent unit neural network

Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2022年第4期14卷 1232-1240页

作者： Song-Shun Lin shui-long shen Annan Zhou Department of Civil Engineering School of Naval ArchitectureOceanand Civil EngineeringShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai200240China Key Laboratory of Intelligent Manufacturing Technology Department of Civil and Environmental EngineeringCollege of EngineeringShantou UniversityShantou515063China Discipline of Civil and Infrastructure School of EngineeringRoyal Melbourne Institute of Technology(RMIT)MelbourneVictoria 3001Australia Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering National University of Singapore117576Singapore

An accurate prediction of earth pressure balance(EPB)shield moving performance is important to ensure the safety tunnel excavation.A hybrid model is developed based on the particle swarm optimization(PSO)and gated recurrent unit(GRU)neural network.PSO is utilized to assign the optimal hyperparameters of GRU neural network.There are mainly four steps:data collection and processing,hybrid model establishment,model performance evaluation and correlation analysis.The developed model provides an alternative to tackle with time-series data of tunnel project.Apart from that,a novel framework about model application is performed to provide guidelines in practice.A tunnel project is utilized to evaluate the performance of proposed hybrid model.Results indicate that geological and construction variables are significant to the model performance.Correlation analysis shows that construction variables(main thrust and foam liquid volume)display the highest correlation with the cutterhead torque(CHT).This work provides a feasible and applicable alternative way to estimate the performance of shield tunneling.

关键词： Earth pressure balance(EPB)shield tunneling Cutterhead torque(CHT)prediction Particle swarm optimization(PSO) Gated recurrent unit(GRU)neural network

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Characterisation of likelihood of gas hydrates occurrence in the South China Sea based on Bonferroni mean-based TOPSIS and fuzzy set theory

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Geoscience Frontiers 2023年第2期14卷 59-70页

作者： Pierre Guy Atangana Njock shui-long shen Annan Zhou MOE Key Laboratory of Intelligent Manufacturing Technology Department of Civil and Environmental EngineeringCollege of EngineeringShantou UniversityGuangdong 515063China Discipline of Civil and Infrastructure Engineering School of EngineeringRoyal Melbourne Institute of TechnologyVictoria 3001Australia

The efficiency of gas hydrate production depends on the success of gas exploration and occurrence evaluation.The existing evaluation models are generally univariate and only applicable to certain geological settings.This study presents a holistic approach to evaluate the likelihood of gas hydrate occurrence by supplying an index for mapping gas hydrate levels with depth.The approach integrates a generalised TOPSIS method with the fuzzy set theory.An expedition of gas hydrate conducted in the shenhu area of the South China Sea was adopted as a case study to assess the reliability of the proposed index.As a multivariate model,the proposed approach enables the capture of non-linearity associated with gas hydrates in its entirety.The magnitude of the strength of the influential factor varies substantially from one site to another across the shenhu area.The results also show that no site achieves the highest likelihood‘Level V’.These results are consistent with the gas saturation values obtained using Archie’s relationship.For example,at SH4 and SH7,the values of the likelihood index are the highest between 170–185 m and 150–165 m,respectively,and the observed saturation at these locations varies from 20%(SH4)to 43%(SH7).The proposed likelihood index yields a prominent ability to quantify the level of occurrence of gas hydrates with depth at different sites.It appears to be an efficient multicriteria system bound to improve the management of the gas production trial stage.

关键词： Gas hydrates South China Sea Geologic controls Occurrence characterization Energy resource

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Prediction of geological characteristics from shield operational parameters by integrating grid search and K-fold cross validation into stacking classification algorithm

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2022年第4期14卷 1292-1303页

作者： Tao Yan shui-long shen Annan Zhou Xiangsheng Chen MOE Key Laboratory of Intelligent Manufacturing Technology Department of Civil and Environmental EngineeringCollege of EngineeringShantou UniversityShantouGuangdong 515063China Discipline of Civil and Infrastructure School of EngineeringRoyal Melbourne Institute of Technology(RMIT)Victoria3001Australia College of Civil and Transportation Engineering Shenzhen UniversityShenzhenGuangdong 518060China

This study presents a framework for predicting geological characteristics based on integrating a stacking classification algorithm(SCA) with a grid search(GS) and K-fold cross validation(K-CV). The SCA includes two learner layers: a primary learner’s layer and meta-classifier layer. The accuracy of the SCA can be improved by using the GS and K-CV. The GS was developed to match the hyper-parameters and optimise complicated problems. The K-CV is commonly applied to changing the validation set in a training set. In general, a GS is usually combined with K-CV to produce a corresponding evaluation index and select the best hyper-parameters. The torque penetration index(TPI) and field penetration index(FPI) are proposed based on shield parameters to express the geological characteristics. The elbow method(EM) and silhouette coefficient(Si) are employed to determine the types of geological characteristics(K) in a Kmeans++ algorithm. A case study on mixed ground in Guangzhou is adopted to validate the applicability of the developed model. The results show that with the developed framework, the four selected parameters, i.e. thrust, advance rate, cutterhead rotation speed and cutterhead torque, can be used to effectively predict the corresponding geological characteristics.

关键词： Geological characteristics Stacking classification algorithm(SCA) K-fold cross-validation(K-CV) K-means++

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Risks analysis of large diameter slurry shield tunneling in urban area

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Underground Space 2023年第6期13卷 281-300页

作者： Yi Zeng Pierre Guy Atangana Njock Wang Xiong Xiao-long Zhang shui-long shen Shanghai Tunnel Engineering&Rail Transit Design and Research Institute Shanghai 200235China Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering College of EngineeringShantou UniversityShantouGuangdong 515063China MOE Key Laboratory of Intelligence Manufacturing Technology Department of Civil and Environmental EngineeringCollege of EngineeringShantou UniversityShantouGuangdong 515063China

The construction of super-large tunnels generates various safety risks that can hamper the tunneling process and cause severe damages if not properly identified.This paper presents a case study on the identification and management of geological and environmental risks during the construction of the largest(a diameter of 15.8 m)slurry shield tunnel in China.Its ground conditions and settlement control were identified among the most challenging owing to a large area of mixed ground conditions,11 fault zones and tunneling under residential areas and the city’s Metro Lines 1 and 9.In response to the severity of these risks and challenges,novel monitoring systems,ground treatment,and safety management technologies were successfully implemented throughout the tunneling process.Further,a technical framework was proposed in this study to serve as a risk management guidance for analogous tunneling operations.

关键词： Large diameter Risks Shield tunneling Fault zones Geohazard mitigation

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Numerical evaluation of segmental tunnel lining with voids in outside backfill

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Underground Space 2022年第5期7卷 786-797页

作者： Jia-Xuan Zhang Ning Zhang Annan Zhou shui-long shen Department of Civil Engineering School of Naval ArchitectureOceanand Civil EngineeringShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China MOE Key Laboratory of Intelligent Manufacturing Technology Department of Civil and Environmental EngineeringCollege of EngineeringShantou UniversityShantouGuangdong 515063China Discipline of Civil and Infrastructure School of EngineeringRoyal Melbourne Institute of Technology(RMIT)Victoria 3001Australia

This paper presents a numerical investigation of the mechanical behaviour of segmental linings owing to the existence of voids in the composite lining.The composite lining was formed by mining outside and shield tunnelling inside with backfill in between.Finite element method was conducted to analyse the axial forces and bending moment for voids of different diameters at different positions.The results show that the axial forces in the transverse section increase near the crown and then invert and decrease on the left and right sides with an increase in the void centre angle(β)measured from the vertical axis.The increase in void diameter(d<300 mm)induces an increase in the axial force on the left and right sides when β=45°and 90°,while it decreases near the crown and invert.The occurrence of voids leads to an increase in the bending moment in the entire segment section with an angle β.

关键词： Jointly constructed tunnel Composite lining Voids Axial force Bending moment

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Potential risks of organic contaminated soil after persulfate remediation:Harmful gaseous sulfur release

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第1期135卷 1-9页

作者： Yuyang long Zixiao Wu Xiaodong Ding Jiansong Chen Dongsheng shen Jiali shentu Cai Hui Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment and Recycling Zhejiang Engineering Research Center of Non-ferrous Metal Waste RecyclingInstrumental Analysis CenterSchool of Environmental Science and EngineeringZhejiang Gongshang UniversityHangzhou 310012China Shangyu Yingtai Fine Chemical Co. Ltd.Shaoxing 312000China Hangzhou Ecological Environment Monitoring Center Hangzhou 310007China

Persulfate is considered a convenient and efficient remediation agent for organic contaminated soil.However,the potential risk of sulfur into the soil remediation by persulfate remains ignored.In this study,glass bottles with different persulfate dosages and groundwater tables were set up to simulate persulfate remediation of organic pollutants(aniline).The results found sulfate to be the main end-product(83.0%–99.5%)of persulfate remediation after10 days.Moreover,H_(2)S accounted for 93.4%–99.4%of sulfur reduction end-products,suggesting that H_(2)S was the final fate of sulfur.H_(2)S was released rapidly after one to three days at a maximum concentration of 33.0 ppm,which is sufficient to make a person uncomfortable.According to the fitted curve results,H_(2)S concentration decreased to a safe concentration(0.15 ppm)after 20–85 days.Meanwhile,the maximum concentration of methanethiol reached 0.6 ppm.These results indicated that secondary pollution from persulfate remediation could release harmful gases over a long time.Therefore,persulfate should be used more carefully as a remediation agent for soil contamination.

关键词： Gaseous sulfur release H_2S long period potential risk Organic contaminated soil remediation Persulfate

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Access to Versatile Functionalized Cu(Ⅲ) Complexes Enabled by Direct Transmetalation to Well-Defined Copper(Ⅲ) Fluoride Complex Me_(4)N^(+)[Cu(CF_(3))_(3)F]^(-)

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Chinese Journal of Chemistry 2024年第10期42卷 1107-1113页

作者： Guangyu Wang Huaiyuan Li Xuebing Leng long Lu Qilong shen Key Laboratory of Fluorine and Nitrogen Chemistry and Advanced Materials Shanghai Institute of Organic ChemistryUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesChinese Academy of Sciences345 Lingling LuShanghai 200032China

The invention of a well-defined Cu(Ⅲ)fluoride complex Me_(4)N^(+)[Cu(CF_(3))_(3)(F)]^(-)1 enabled to access a versatile of functionalized Cu(Ⅲ)complexes[Me_(4)N]^(+)[Cu(X)(CF_(3))_(3)]^(-)(X=C_(6)F_(5),C_(6)F_(5)C≡C,CN,Cl,N_(3),^(t)BuOO,SCN,OAc,SAr),many of them for the first time.The availability of these complexes allowed us to evaluate the trans-influence order of ligand in Cu(Ⅲ)complexes:Bn>CF_(3)^(-)>C_(6)F_(5)^(-)>N_(3)^(-)>py~CH_(3)^(-)~C_(6)F_(5)C≡C>NO_(2)PhO^(-)~^(t)BuOO^(-)~CH_(3)COO^(-)>F^(-).

关键词： Fluorine Copper Cu(Ⅲ) Cu(Ⅲ)fluoride Trifluoromethyl

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Analysis and Optimization of Transient Mode Switching Behavior for Power Split Hybrid Electric Vehicle with Clutch Collaboration

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Automotive Innovation 2024年第1期7卷 150-165页

作者： Dehua Shi sheng Liu Yujie shen Shaohua Wang Chaochun Yuan long Chen Automotive Engineering Research Institute Jiangsu UniversityZhenjiang 212013China Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Electric Drive System and Intelligent Control for Alternative Vehicles Zhenjiang 212013China

The power split hybrid electric vehicle(HEV)adopts a power coupling configuration featuring dual planetary gearsets and multiple clutches,enabling diverse operational modes through clutch engagement and disengagement.The multi-clutch configuration usually involves the collaboration of two clutches during the transient mode switching process,thereby substantially elevating control complexity.This study focuses on power split HEVs that integrate multi-clutch mechanisms and investigates how different clutch collaboration manners impact the characteristics of transient mode switching.The powertrain model for the power-split HEV is established utilizing matrix-based methodologies.Through the formulation of clutch torque curves and clutch collaboration models,this research systematically explores the effects of clutch engagement timing and the duration of clutch slipping state on transient mode switching behaviors.Building upon this analysis,an optimization problem for control parameters pertaining to the two collaborative clutches is formulated.The simulated annealing algorithm is employed to optimize these control parameters.Simulation results demonstrate that the clutch collaboration manners have a great influence on the transient mode switching performance.Compared with the pre-calibrated benchmark and the optimal solution derived by the genetic algorithm,the maximal longitudinal jerk and clutch slipping work during the transient mode switching process is reduced obviously with the optimal control parameters derived by the simulated annealing algorithm.The study provides valuable insights for the dynamic coordinated control of the power-split HEVs featuring complex clutch collaboration mechanisms.

关键词： Power split hybrid electric vehicle Transient mode switching Clutch collaboration Simulated annealing Powertrain model

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A Simplified Method for the Stress Analysis of Underground Transfer Structures Crossing Multiple Subway Tunnels

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2024年第6期139卷 2893-2915页

作者： shen Yan Dajiang Geng Ning Dai Mingjian long Zhicheng Bai College of Civil Engineering Tongji UniversityShanghai200092China China Construction 4th Engineering Bureau 6th Corp. Ltd.Shanghai201199China Department of Civil and Architecture Engineering Hubei Polytechnic UniversityHuangshi435003China

According to the design specifications,the construction of extended piles involves traversing the tunnel’s upper region and extending to the underlying rock layer.To address this challenge,a subterranean transfer structure spanning multiple subway tunnels was proposed.Deliberating on the function of piles in the transfer structure as springs with axial and bending stiffness,and taking into account the force balance and deformation coordination conditions of beams and plates within the transfer structure,we established a simplified mechanical model that incorporates soil stratification by combining it with the Winkler elastic foundation beam model.The resolved established simplifiedmechanicalmodel employed finite difference technology and the Newton-Simpsonmethod,elucidating the mechanical mechanism of the transfer structure.The research findings suggest that the load carried by the upper structural columns can be transferred to the pile foundation beneath the beams through the transfer structure,subsequently reaching the deep soil layer and ensuring minimal impact on adjacent tunnels.The established simplified analysis method can be used for stress analysis of the transfer structure,concurrently considering soil stratification,pile foundation behavior,and plate action.The pile length,pile section size,and beam section size within the transfer structure should account for the characteristics of the upper load,ensuring an even distribution of the beam bending moment.

关键词： Crossing tunnels transfer structure force mechanism simplify analysis layered soil mass

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Biological factors driving colorectal cancer metastasis

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2024年第2期16卷 259-272页

作者： Shuai-Xing An Zhao-Jin Yu Chen Fu Min-Jie Wei long-Hai shen Department of Pharmacology School of PharmacyChina Medical UniversityShenyang 110122Liaoning ProvinceChina Liaoning Key Laboratory of Molecular Targeted Antitumor Drug Development and Evaluation Liaoning Cancer Immune Peptide Drug Engineering Technology Research CenterKey Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors(China Medical University)Ministry of EducationShenyang 110122Liaoning ProvinceChina BD Department Greenpine Pharma Group Co.LtdTianjin 300020China Center of Oncology Genertec Liaoyou Gem Flower HospitalPanJin 124010Liaoning ProvinceChina

Approximately 20%of colorectal cancer(CRC)patients present with metastasis at diagnosis.Among Stage I-III CRC patients who undergo surgical resection,18%typically suffer from distal metastasis within the first three years following initial treatment.The median survival duration after the diagnosis of metastatic CRC(mCRC)is only 9 mo.mCRC is traditionally considered to be an advanced stage malignancy or is thought to be caused by incomplete resection of tumor tissue,allowing cancer cells to spread from primary to distant organs;however,increa-sing evidence suggests that the mCRC process can begin early in tumor development.CRC patients present with high heterogeneity and diverse cancer phenotypes that are classified on the basis of molecular and morphological alterations.Different genomic and nongenomic events can induce subclone diversity,which leads to cancer and metastasis.Throughout the course of mCRC,metastatic cascades are associated with invasive cancer cell migration through the circulatory system,extravasation,distal seeding,dormancy,and reactivation,with each step requiring specific molecular functions.However,cancer cells presenting neoantigens can be recognized and eliminated by the immune system.In this review,we explain the biological factors that drive CRC metastasis,namely,genomic instability,epigenetic instability,the metastatic cascade,the cancer-immunity cycle,and external lifestyle factors.Despite remarkable progress in CRC research,the role of molecular classification in therapeutic intervention remains unclear.This review shows the driving factors of mCRC which may help in identifying potential candidate biomarkers that can improve the diagnosis and early detection of mCRC cases.

关键词： cancer Metastasis cascade Cancer immunity Genomic variation Epigenetic instability Lifestyle factor

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