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Characterization of chlorine and heavy metals for the potential recycling of bottom ash from municipal solid waste incinerators as cement additives

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2016年第4期10卷 43-51页

作者： Boran WU Dongyang WANG Xiaoli CHAI Fumitake takahashi Takayuki SHIMAOKA State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse Tongji University Shanghai 200092 China Department of Environmental Science and Technology Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Science and Engineering Tokyo Institute of Technology Yokohama 226-8502 Japan Department of Urban and Environmental Engineering Graduate School of Engineering Kyushu University Fukuoka 819-0395 Japan

Bottom ash is an inevitable by-product fi＇om municipal solid waste （MSW） incineration plants. Recycling it as additives for cement production is a promising disposal method. However, the heavy metals and chlorine are the main limiting factors because of the potential environmental risks and corrosion of cement kilns. Therefore ,investigating heavy metal and chlorine characteristics of bottom ash is the significant prerequisite of its reuse in cement industries. In this study, a correlative analysis was conducted to evaluate the effect of the MSW components and collection mode on the heavy metal and chlorine characteristics in bottom ash. The chemical speciation of insoluble chlorine was also investigated by synchrotron X-ray diffraction analysis. The results showed that industrial waste was the main source of heavy metals, especially Cr and Pb, in bottom ash. The higher contents of plastics and kitchen waste lead to the higher chlorine level （0.6 wt.%-0.7 wt.%） of the bottom ash. The insoluble chlorine in the MSW incineration bottom ash existed primarily as AlOCl, which was produced under the high temperature （1250℃） in incinerators.

关键词： Bottom ash ChlorineHeavy metals Waste inputs Synchrotron X-ray diffraction AlOCl

Atomic force microscopy analysis of orientation and bending of oligodeoxynucleotides in polypod-like structured DNA

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Nano Research 2015年第12期8卷 3764-3771页

作者： Tomoki Shiomi Mengmeng Tan Natsuki takahashi Masayuki Endo Tomoko Emura Kumi Hidaka Hiroshi Sugiyama Yuki takahashi Yoshinobu Takakura Makiya Nishikawa Department of Biopharmaceutics and Drug Metabolism Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Kyoto University Sakyo-ku Kyoto 606-8501 Japan Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (WPI-iCeMS) Kyoto University Sakyo-ku Kyoto 606-8501 Japan Department of Chemistry Graduate School of Science Kyoto University Sakyo-ku Kyoto 606-8502 Japan

We previously demonstrated that polypod-like structured DNA, or polypodna, constructed with three or more oligodeoxynucleotides （ODNs）, is efficiently taken up by immune cells such as dendritic cells and macrophages, depending on its structural complexity. The ODNs comprising the polypodna should bend to form the polypod-like structure, and may do so by adopting either a bend- type conformation or a cross-type conformation. Here, we tried to elucidate the orientation and bending of ODNs in polypodnas using atomic force microscopy （AFM）. We designed two types of pentapodnas （i.e., a polypodna with five pods） using 60- to 88-base ODNs, which were then immobilized on DNA origami frames. AFM imaging showed that the ODNs in the pentapodna adopted bend-type conformations. Tetrapodna and hexapodna also adopted bend-type conformations when they were immobilized on frames under unconstrained conditions. These findings provide useful information toward the coherent design of, and the structure-activity relationships for, a variety of DNA nanostructures.

关键词： DNA nanostructure atomic force microscopy self-asse nanotechology structure-activity relationship

Effects of ghrelin on interdigestive contractions of the rat gastrointestinal tract

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2008年第41期14卷 6299-6302页

作者： Hiroshi Taniguchi Hajime Ariga Kirk Ludwig Toku takahashi Department of Surgery Medical College of Wisconsin and Zablocki VA Medical Center MilwaukeeWisconsin

Ghrelin causes interdigestive contractions of the stom- ach in rats. However, it remains unknown whether ghrelin causes interdigestive contractions in the small intestine. Four strain gauge transducers were implanted on the antrum, duodenum, proximal and distal jejunum. After an overnight fast, gastrointestinal （GI） contrac- tions were recorded in freely moving conscious rats. Spontaneous phase m-like contractions were observed at every 13-16 min in rat GI tract. The fasted motor patterns were replaced by the fed motor pattern imme- diately after food intake. Two minutes after finishing the spontaneous phase Ill-like contractions in the antrum, acyl ghrelin （0.8, 2.4 and 8.0 μg/kg per min） was con- tinuously infused for 30 min. Three-five minutes after the starting ghrelin infusion, augmented phase Ⅲ-like contractions were observed at the antrum, duodenum, and jejunum. Ghrelin infusion （0.8, 2.4 and 8.0μg/kg per min） significantly increased motility index of phase Ⅲ-like contractions at the antrum and jejunum in a dose dependent manner, compared to that of saline in- jection. Thus, it is likely that exogenously administered ghrelin causes phase Ⅲ-like contraction at the antrum, which migrates to the duodenum and jejunum. The possible role of 5-HT, in addition to ghrelin, in mediating intestinal migrating motor complex （MMC）, is discussed.

关键词： Phase Ⅲ-like contractions Strain gage transducers Motility index

Diffusion-weighted MRI in abdominal oncology:Clinical applications

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2010年第7期16卷 832-836页

作者： Reiji Sugita Kei Ito Naotaka Fujita Shoki takahashi Department of Radiology Sendai City Medical CenterSendai 983-0824Japan Department of Gastroenterology Sendai City Medical CenterSendai 983-0824Japan Department of Diagnostic Radiology Graduate School of MedicineTohoku UniversitySendai 980-8574Japan

Diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging(DWI) provides image contrast that is different from that obtained by conventional magnetic resonance *** previously,DWI has been used to evaluate various diseases of the central nervous system,several technical advances have expanded the clinical applications of DWI beyond the central nervous *** a result,many reports have been published on the use of DWI in abdominal ***,abdominal DWI has now being focused on evaluation of patients with abdominal *** can be used for pretreatment tumor detection,characterization including predicting tumor response to therapy,monitoring tumor response during therapy,and follow-up study after treatment to detect possible tumor recurrence.

关键词： Diffusion weighted magnetic resonance imaging Abdominal neoplasms

Molecular anatomy and pathogenic actions of Helicobacter pylori CagA that underpin gastric carcinogenesis

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2020年第1期17卷 50-63页

作者： Atsushi takahashi-Kanemitsu Christopher T.Knight Masanori Hatakeyama Department of Microbiology Graduate School of MedicineThe University of TokyoTokyoJapan

Chronic infection with Helicobacter pylori cagA-positive strains is the strongest risk factor for gastric *** cagA gene product,CagA,is delivered into gastric epithelial cells via the bacterial type IV secretion *** CagA then undergoes tyrosine phosphorylation at the Glu-Pro-Ile-Tyr-Ala(EPIYA)motifs in its C-terminal region and acts as an oncogenic scaffold protein that physically interacts with multiple host signaling proteins in both tyrosine phosphorylation-dependent and-independent *** of CagA using in vitro cultured gastric epithelial cells has indicated that the nonphysiological scaffolding actions of CagA cell-autonomously promote the malignant transformation of the cells by endowing the cells with multiple phenotypic cancer hallmarks:sustained proliferation,evasion of growth suppressors,invasiveness,resistance to cell death,and genomic *** expression of CagA in mice leads to in vivo oncogenic action of CagA without any overt *** in vivo oncogenic activity of CagA is further potentiated in the presence of chronic *** Helicobacter pylori infection triggers a proinflammatory response in host cells,a feedforward stimulation loop that augments the oncogenic actions of CagA and inflammation is created in CagA-injected gastric *** that Helicobacter pylori is no longer colonized in established gastric cancer lesions,the multistep nature of gastric cancer development should include a“hit-and-run”process of CagA ***,acquisition of genetic and epigenetic alterations that compensate for CagA-directed cancer hallmarks may be required for completion of the“hit-and-run”process of gastric carcinogenesis.

关键词： cagA/CagA Helicobacter pylori SHP2 PAR1 inflammation “hit-and-run”carcinogenesis

Micro-scale Additive Manufacturing Using the Optical Potential Generated by a Bessel Beam

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Nanomanufacturing and Metrology 2020年第4期3卷 292-298页

作者： Masaki Michihata Makoto Yokei Shotaro Kadoya Satoru takahashi Department of Precision Engineering The University of Tokyo7-3-1 HongoBunkyoTokyo 113-8654Japan Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology The University of Tokyo4-6-1 KomabaMeguroTokyo 153-8904Japan

In this study,we proposed a novel micro-scale additive manufacturing method based on the optical potential formed by a Bessel *** proposed technique is expected to show no deterioration in manufacturing resolution due to heat genera-tion,to be applicable to various materials,and to be able to be performed in an air *** basic principle of the proposed method involves accumulating and stacking particles dispersed in air by using optical radiation *** this paper,the trajectory of the accumulated particles was numerically estimated and experimentally *** numerical and experimental results agreed well;specfially,the back ground flow carried the particles to the optical axis of the Bessel beam,and then the particles were localized at the bottom of the optical potential valley on the ***,a pillar structure was fabricated with polystyrene particles having a diameter of 1 um,which indicated that the proposed technique was promising for practical applications.

关键词： Additive manufacturing Optical radiation pressure Optical trapping potential Bessel beam Nanoparticles

SNOM Observations of Surface Plasmon Polaritons on Metal Heterostructures

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Chinese Physics Letters 2007年第10期24卷 2827-2829页

作者： KITAZAWA Tazuko MIYANISHI Shintaro MURAKAMI Yoshiteru KOJIMA Kunio takahashi Akira Advanced Technology Research Laboratories SHARP CORPORATION 2613-1 Ichinomoto-cho Tenri Nara Japan

We observe surface plasmon polariton （SPP） refraction on a metal heterostructured sample with a scattered-type scanning near-field optical microscope （SNOM）. The sample consists of AI and Au in-plane whose boundary is smooth enough with proper etching time. SPPs excited on the AI film travel to the boundary and a portion of SPPs propagates into the Au film. In addition, interference fringes appear in the SNOM image bent at the boundary. The result is analysed with effective index method and the refracted angle is explained by Shell＇s law.

关键词： LIGHT

Statistical modeling of nitrogen-dependent modulation of root system architecture in Arabidopsis thaliana

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2016年第3期58卷 254-265页

作者： Takao Araya Takuya Kubo Nicolaus von Wiren Hideki takahashi Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Michigan State UniversityEast LansingM148824USA Molecular Plant Nutrition Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant ResearchD-06466 GaterslebenGermany Graduate School of Environmental Science Hokkaido UniversitySapporo 060-0810Japan

Plant root development is strongly affected by nutrient availability. Despite the importance of structure and function of roots in nutrient acquisition,statistical modeling approaches to evaluate dynamic and temporal modulations of root system architecture in response to nutrient availability have remained as widely open and exploratory areas in root biology. In this study,we developed a statistical modeling approach to investigate modulations of root system architecture in response to nitrogen availability. Mathematical models were designed for quantitative assessment of root growth and root branching phenotypes and their dynamic relationships based on hierarchical con figuration of primary and lateral roots formulating the fishbone-shaped root system architecture in Arabidopsis thaliana. Time-series datasets reporting dynamic changes in root developmental traits on different nitrate or ammonium concentrations were generated for statistical analyses. Regression analyses unraveled key parameters associated with：（i） inhibition of primary root growth under nitrogen limitation or on ammonium;（ii） rapid progression of lateral root emergence in response to ammonium; and（iii） inhibition of lateral root elongation in the presence of excess nitrate or ammonium. This study provides a statistical framework for interpreting dynamic modulation of root system architecture,supported by metaanalysis of datasets displaying morphological responses of roots to diverse nitrogen supplies.

关键词： Ammonium mathematical modeling nitrate nitrogen root system architecture

Pseudogap,Fermi arc,and Peierls-insulating phase induced by 3D-2D crossover in monolayer VSe2

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Nano Research 2019年第1期12卷 165-169页

作者： Yuki Umemoto Katsuaki Sugawara Yuki Nakata Takashi takahashi Takafumi Sato Department of Physics Tohoku UniversitySendai 980-8578Japan WPI-Advanced Institute for Materials Research Tohoku UniversitySendai 980-8577Japan Center for Spintronics Research Network Tohoku UniversitySendai 980-8577Japan

One of important challenges in condensed-matter physics is to realize new quantum states of matter by manipulating the dimensionality of materials,as represented by the discovery of high-temperature superconductivity in atomic-layer pnictides and room-temperature quantum Hall effect in *** sition-metal dichalcogenides(TMDs)provide a fertile platform for exploring novel quantum phenomena accompanied by the dimensionality change,since they exhibit a variety of electronic/magnetic states owing to quantum *** we report an anomalous metal-i nsulator transition in duced by three-dimensional(3D)-two-dimensional(2D)crossover in mono layer 1T-VSe2 grown on bilayer *** observed a complete insulating state with a finite energy gap on the entire Fermi surface in monolayer 1T-VSe2 at low temperatures,in sharp contrast to metallic nature of *** surprisingly,monolayer 1T-VSe2 exhibits a pseudogap with Fermi arc at temperatures above the charge-density-wave temperature,showing a close resemblanee to high-temperature *** similarity suggests a common underlying physics between two apparently different systems,pointing to the importance of charge/spin fluctuations to create the novel electronic states,such as pseudogap and Fermi arc,in these materials.

关键词： transition-metal dichalchogenides 1T-VSe2 charge density wave electronic states pseudogap Fermi arc