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Characterization of A-and B-type starch granules in Chinese wheat cultivars

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2016年第10期15卷 2203-2214页

作者： ZHANG Yan GUO Qi FENG Nan WANG Jin-rong WANG shu-jun he Zhong-hu Institute of Crop Science/National Wheat Improvement Center Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Beijing 100081 P. R. China Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety Ministry of Education/Tianjin University of Science & Technology Tianjin 300457 P. R. China International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT) China Office Beijing 100081 P.R.China

Starch is the major component of wheat flour and serves as a multifunctional ingredient in food industry. The objective of the present study was to investigate starch granule size distribution of Chinese wheat cultivars, and to compare structure and functionality of starches in four leading cultivars Zhongmai 175, CA12092, Lunxuan 987, and Zhongyou 206. A wide variation in volume percentages of A- and B-type starch granules among genotypes was observed. Volume percentages of A- and B-type granules had ranges of 68.4–88.9% and 9.7–27.9% in the first cropping seasons, 74.1–90.1% and 7.2–25.3% in the second. Wheat cultivars with higher volume percentages of A- and B-type granules could serve as parents in breeding program for selecting high and low amylose wheat cultivars, respectively. In comparison with the B-type starch granules, the A-type granules starch showed difference in three aspects：（1） higher amount of ordered short-range structure and a lower relative crystallinity,（2） higher gelatinization onset（To） temperatures and enthalpies（ΔH）, and lower gelatinization conclusion temperatures（Tc）,（3） greater peak, though, and final viscosity, and lower breakdown viscosity and pasting temperature. It provides important information for breeders to develop potentially useful cultivars with particular functional properties of their starches suited to specific applications.

关键词： bread wheat A-and B-type starch granules short-range molecular order relative crystallinity gelatinization and pasting properties

Exponential Convergence in Probability for Empirical Means of Lévy Processes

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Acta Mathematicae Applicatae Sinica 2010年第3期26卷 481-488页

作者： shu-lan hu Nian Yao Department of Statistics Zhongnan University of Economics and Law Wuhan 430073 China Department of Mathematics and Statistics Wuhan University Wuhan 430072 China

Let （Xt）t≥0 be a Lévy process taking values in R^d with absolutely continuous marginal distributions. Given a real measurable function f on R^d in Kato＇s class, we show that the empirical mean 1/t ∫ f（Xs）ds converges to a constant z in probability with an exponential rate if and only if f has a uniform mean z. This result improves a classical result of Kahane et al. and generalizes a similar result of L. Wu from the Brownian Motion to general Lévy processes.

关键词： L6vy processes exponential convergence in probability large deviations,functions with uniform mean

Science Letters:Lattice type transmission line of negative refractive index

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science A(Applied Physics & Engineering) 2008年第2期9卷 289-292页

作者： Xin hu Sailing he Center for Optical ＆ Electromagnetic Research Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310058 China Division of Electromagnetic Engineering School of Electrical Engineering Royal Institute of Technology S-10044 Stockholm Sweden

In this letter,we introduce a novel passive transmission line of negative refractive index(i.e.,left-handedness)based on identical symmetrical lattice type structures thus called "lattice type transmission line"(LT-TL).The dispersion characteristic and the transmission response of the proposed LT-TL are *** all the other left-handed passive transmission lines are of high pass,the present passive left-handed transmission line is of low *** with a conventional transmission line,the LT-TL has a phase shift of 180° in the entire wide pass-band.

关键词： Negative refractive index (NRI) Transmission line (TL) Symmetrical lattice Low pass

A new class of negative refractive index transmission line

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science A(Applied Physics & Engineering) 2007年第8期8卷 1179-1182页

作者： hu Xin he Sailing Center for Optical ＆ Electromagnetic Research Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310058 China Division of Electromagnetic Engineering School of Electrical Engineering Royal Institute of Technology S-100 44 Stockholm Sweden

We propose a new class of negative refractive index transmission line in which ideal operational amplifiers are applied to form the periodically loaded negative-impedance-converted inductors and capacitors. The phase response of the new trans-mission line is opposite to that of a positive refractive index conventional transmission line. Unlike the existing negative refractive index transmission line,the new negative refractive index transmission line is non-dispersive and thus can lead to many novel applications such as designing new broadband devices.

关键词： Negative refractive index (NRI) Transmission line (TL) Negative-impedance-converted Non-dispersive

Patterns of species diversity and its determinants in a temperate deciduous broad-leaved forest

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Forest Ecosystems 2022年第5期9卷 647-656页

作者： Rui he Man hu Hang Shi Quan Zhou Xiao shu Kerong Zhang Quanfa Zhang Haishan Dang Key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology Wuhan Botanical GardenChinese Academy of SciencesWuhan430074China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049China

Biodiversity conservation has long been a subject of extreme interest to community ecologists,with a particular focus on exploring the underlying causes of species diversity based on niche and neutral *** study aims to identify the potential determinants of species diversity in a deciduous broad-leaved forest in the transitional region from subtropical to temperate climate in *** collected woody plant data and environmental variables in a fully mapped 25-ha permanent forest plot,partitioned the beta-diversity into local contributions(LCBD)and species contributions(SCBD),and then applied multivariate linear regression analysis to test the effects of biotic and abiotic factors on alpha-diversity,LCBD,and *** used variation partitioning in combination with environmental variables and spatial distance to determine the contribution of environment-related variations versus spatial *** results showed that the indices of alpha-diversity(i.e.,species abundance and richness)were positively correlated with soil available phosphorus(P)and negatively with *** the betadiversity,environment and space together explained nearly half of the variations in community *** 60%of the variation of LCBD in the understory layer,40%in the substory layer,and 29%in the canopy layer were jointly explained by topographic,soil and biological variables,with biotic factors playing a dominant role in determining the *** abundance accounted for a large proportion of the variations in SCBD in each vertical stratum,and niche position(NP)was the ecological trait that significantly affected the variations in SCBD in the substory and canopy *** findings help to gain better understanding on how species diversity in forest ecosystem responds to environmental conditions and how it is influenced by biotic factors and ecological traits of species.

关键词： Alpha-diversity Beta-diversity Vertical strata Multivariate linear regression

吐鲁番9个产地无核白葡萄干品质及多酚代谢组分析

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食品科学 2025年第2期46卷 156-163页

作者：户金鸽白世践新疆维吾尔自治区葡萄瓜果研究所新疆鄯善838200

以吐鲁番9个产地无核白葡萄干为研究对象,分析比较不同产区间葡萄干品质、抗氧化活性差异,采用超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定葡萄干酚类组分和含量。结果表明,平均葡萄干单粒质量和果形指数最大的是连木沁,分别为0.81 g、2.74,平均单... 详细信息

以吐鲁番9个产地无核白葡萄干为研究对象,分析比较不同产区间葡萄干品质、抗氧化活性差异,采用超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定葡萄干酚类组分和含量。结果表明,平均葡萄干单粒质量和果形指数最大的是连木沁,分别为0.81 g、2.74,平均单粒质量和果形指数最小的是高昌区,分别为0.46 g、2.27。园艺场葡萄干固酸比最高,为29.34,七克台葡萄干固酸比最低,为25.74。连木沁葡萄干a*值最低,ΔE较低,分别为2.56和44.94,表明其葡萄干颜色最绿;园艺场葡萄干a*值较低,ΔE最低,分别为2.94和44.19,这两个产区内葡萄干颜色偏绿且颜色一致性最好。对6个产区无核白葡萄干检测到的518种单体酚进行分类,可分为5大类:黄酮275种,占53.09%;酚酸136种,占26.25%;木脂素和香豆素60种,占11.58%;单宁19种,占3.67%;其他类(茋类)28种,占5.41%。鲁克沁和高昌区、七克台和胜金乡、园艺场和连木沁3组共筛选到246个差异代谢物,分别包含124、144、66个差异代谢物,各有54、92、22个特有差异代谢物,这3组之间有10个共同差异代谢物。上述结果表明,连木沁和园艺场可作为无核白葡萄干的优势产区。

关键词：吐鲁番葡萄干品质酚类代谢组

Deep eutectic solvents for separation and purification applications in critical metal metallurgy:Recent advances and perspectives

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2025年第1期32卷 1-19页

作者： shuo Chen Shengpeng Su Yanfang huang Bingbing Liu hu Sun shuzhen Yang Guihong Han School of Chemical Engineering Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450001China Zhongyuan Critical Metals Laboratory Henan ProvinceZhengzhou 450001China

Solvent extraction,a separation and purification technology,is crucial in critical metal *** solvents commonly used in solvent extraction exhibit disadvantages,such as high volatility,high toxicity,and flammability,causing a spectrum of hazards to human health and environmental *** solvents have been recognized as potential alternatives to these harmful organic *** the past two decades,several neoteric solvents have been proposed,including ionic liquids(ILs)and deep eutectic solvents(DESs).DESs have gradually become the focus of green solvents owing to several advantages,namely,low toxicity,degradability,and low *** this critical review,their classification,formation mechanisms,preparation methods,characterization technologies,and special physicochemical properties based on the most recent advancements in research have been systematically ***,the major separation and purification applications of DESs in critical metal metallurgy were comprehensively ***,future opportunities and challenges of DESs were explored in the current research *** conclusion,this review provides valuable insights for improving our overall understanding of DESs,and it holds important potential for expanding separation and purification applications in critical metal metallurgy.

关键词： deep eutectic solvents preparations properties separation and purification critical metal metallurgy

Optimization Strategies of Na_(3)V_(2)(PO_(4))_(3) Cathode Materials for Sodium‑Ion Batteries

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Nano-Micro Letters 2025年第2期17卷 204-251页

作者： Jiawen hu Xinwei Li Qianqian Liang Li Xu Changsheng Ding Yu Liu Yanfeng Gao School of Materials Science and Engineering Shanghai UniversityShanghai 200444People’s Republic of China Shanghai Institute of Ceramics Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200050People’s Republic of China

Na_(3)V_(2)(PO_(4))_(3)(NVP)has garnered great attentions as a prospective cathode material for sodium-ion batteries(SIBs)by virtue of its decent theoretical capacity,superior ion conductivity and high structural ***,the inherently poor electronic conductivity and sluggish sodium-ion diffusion kinetics of NVP material give rise to inferior rate performance and unsatisfactory energy density,which strictly confine its further application in ***,it is of significance to boost the sodium storage performance of NVP cathode *** to now,many methods have been developed to optimize the electrochemical performance of NVP cathode *** this review,the latest advances in optimization strategies for improving the electrochemical performance of NVP cathode material are well summarized and discussed,including carbon coating or modification,foreign-ion doping or substitution and nanostructure and morphology *** foreign-ion doping or substitution is highlighted,involving Na,V,and PO_(4)^(3−)sites,which include single-site doping,multiple-site doping,single-ion doping,multiple-ion doping and so ***,the challenges and prospects of high-performance NVP cathode material are also put *** is believed that this review can provide a useful reference for designing and developing high-performance NVP cathode material toward the large-scale application in SIBs.

关键词： Sodium-ion batteries Na_(3)V_(2)(PO_(4))_(3) Cathode materials Electrochemical performance Optimization strategies

Comparison of Chain Structures between High-speed Extrusion Coating Polyethylene Resins by Preparative Temperature Rising Elution Fractionation and Cross-fractionation

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2015年第11期33卷 1586-1597页

作者： Yan-hu Xue shu-qin Bo 姬相玲 State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry Changchun Institute of Applied ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences

Two polyethylene（PE） resins（samples A and B） are synthesized as high-speed extrusion coatings with similar minimum coating thickness and neck-in performance but different maximum coating speeds. Both samples are separated into seven fractions using preparative temperature rising elution fractionation. The microstructures of the original samples and their fractions are studied by high-temperature gel permeation chromatography, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, 13 C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, and successive self-nucleation/annealing thermal fractionation. Compared with sample B, sample A has a broader MWD, more LCB contents, and less SCB contents. Moreover, sample A contains slightly more 30 ℃ and 50 ℃ fractions with lower molecular weights, and more fractions at 75 ℃ and 85 ℃ with higher molecular weight. The chain structure and its distribution in the two PE resins are studied in detail, and the relationship between the chain structure and resin properties is also discussed.

关键词： Polyethylene High-speed extrusion coating Chain structure TREF Cross-fractionation