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Trade-offs between the accumulation of cuticular wax and jasmonic acid-mediated herbivory resistance in maize

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2024年第1期66卷 143-159页

作者： Jiong Liu Lu Li Zhilong Xiong Christelle AMRobert baozhu Li shan He Wenjie Chen Jiasheng Bi Guanqing Zhai Siyi Guo Hui Zhang Jieping Li Shutang Zhou Xi Zhang Chun‐Peng Song School of Life Sciences Henan UniversityKaifeng 475004China State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement Henan UniversityKaifeng 475004China State Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio‐Breeding and Integrated Utilization Henan UniversityKaifeng 475004China Sanya Institute of Henan University Sanya 572025China Institute of Plant Sciences University of BernBern 3013Switzerland

Plants have evolved complex physical and chemical defense systems that allow them to withstand herbivory *** of a complex mixture of very-long-chain fatty acids(VLCFAs)and their derivatives,cuticular wax constitutes the first physical line of defense against ***,we report the function of Glossy 8(ZmGL8),which encodes a 3-ketoacyl reductase belonging to the fatty acid elongase complex,in orchestrating wax production and jasmonic acid(JA)-mediated defenses against herbivores in maize(Zea mays).The mutation of GL8 enhanced chemical defenses by activating the JA-dependent *** observed a trade-off between wax accumulation and JA levels across maize glossy mutants and 24 globally collected maize inbred *** addition,we demonstrated that mutants defective in cuticular wax biosynthesis in Arabidopsis thaliana and maize exhibit enhanced chemical *** transcriptomic and lipidomic analyses indicated that the gl8 mutant confers chemical resistance to herbivores by remodeling VLCFA-related lipid metabolism and subsequent JA biosynthesis and *** results suggest that VLCFA-related lipid metabolism has a critical role in regulating the trade-offs between cuticular wax and JA-mediated chemical defenses.

关键词： cuticular wax fall armyworm herbivore resistance jasmonic acid maize plant-herbivore interactions

Phosphorus sorption capacities in a headstream landscape—The pond chain structure

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2006年第5期18卷 1004-1011页

作者： FU Qiang YIN Cheng-qing shan bao-qing State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100085 China

Understanding phosphorus sorption phenomena in different wetland sediments is important in controlling the P output in headstream watersheds. The pond chain structure （PCS） is widespread in the headstream agricultural watersheds in the southeast of China. Phosphorus sorption characteristics were determined for pond surface sediments （0-12 cm） along a pond chain structure in Liuchahe watershed of Chaohu Lake. Results showed that P sorption capacities （expressed by P sorption index （PSI）） varied both with the landscape position of the ponds and sediment depth. From foothill ponds to riverside ponds the P sorption capacities indicated a significant gradient variability. The higher elevation ponds showed greater sorption capacities, and with the pond elevation decline, P sorption capacities gradually decreased. Some physico-chemical properties, such as pH, oxalate-extractable Fe （Feox）, organic matter （TOC） and Mehlich l-extractable Ca, Mg of pond sediments also indicated significant gradient variability from high elevation ponds to low elevation ponds. Feox was the sediment parameters most highly positively correlated with PSI and was the key factor in controlling P sorption capacity in the pond chain structure （r=0.92, p〈0.001）. Long-term hydrologic and sediment inputs can affect the distribution of sediment constituents and further affect the P sorption capacity. Making the best of the spatial difference of sorption capacities of ponds in watersheds to control nonpoint source P pollutant is necessary.

关键词： pond sediment adsorption spatial variability nonpoint source

Analyses of Magnetic Force Images of Submicron Magnetic Mn-Ga Particles

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Chinese Physics Letters 1999年第5期16卷 333-335页

作者： LI Dan HAN bao-shan State key Laboratory of Magnetism Institute of PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100080

The sample was prepared by implanting Mn^(+) ions at energy of 80keV and Mn^(+) ions of dose of 2×1017/cm^(2) directly into the semi-insulating(100)GaAs wafer,followed by rapid annealing at 830℃ for *** using magnetic force microscopy,both the topographic and magnetic force images of the submicron particles in the surface layer of the sample were *** formation of the magnetic particles is more complex,corresponding to more types of magnetic force image *** simulation was carried out by integrating the interactions between the tip and the particles,which can be used to judge the magnetization direction of particles more ***,the simulation has confirmed that all submicron magnetic particles are single crystals with a single *** fact,the simulated patterns of the single-domain particles are the“elemental”magnetic force patterns for magnetic materials,hence their acquirement and collection are the basis of the analysis and explanation of magnetic force images.

关键词： magnetic integrating hence

Tuning of the active phase structure and hydrofining performance of alumina-supported tri-metallic WMoNi catalysts via phosphorus incorporation

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Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2018年第1期12卷 59-69页

作者： Shufeng shan Haiyan Liu Gang Shi Xiaojun bao State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing China University of Petroleum Beijing 102249 China State Key Laboratory of Energy & Environmental Photocatalysis Fuzhou University Fuzhou 350116 China

The effects of phosphorus on the structure and hydrofining performance of tri-metallic WMoNi/Al2O3 catalysts prepared with W/Mo-based hybrid precursor nanocrystals were investigated. The incorporation of phosphorus weakened the metal-support interactions （MSIs） and facilitated the formation of more synergetic NiWMoS phases with higher stacks. Catalytic tests using a fluid catalytic cracking diesel fuel showed that the changes in the MSIs and the morphology of the active phases had a more positive effect on the hydrodenitrogenation activity than on the hydrodesulfurization activity. In contrast, when phosphorus was incorporated into a tri-metallic WMoNiP/Al2O3 catalyst prepared by a conventional incipient impregnation method, the MSIs decreased causing aggregation of the metal species which resulted in poorer hydrofining performance of the catalyst. These results show that incorporating phosphorus into a WMoNi/Al2O3 catalyst can finely tune the structure of the active phase to enhance the hydrogenation and hydrodenitrogenation activity of the resulting tri-metallic catalyst.

关键词： fluid catalytic cracking diesel hydrofining performance WMoNiP/Al2O3 synergetic effect and structure of NiWMoS phases

Modified Bishop method for stability analysis of weakly sloped subgrade under centrifuge model test

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Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2021年第3期15卷 727-741页

作者： Ke SHENG bao-Ning HONG Xin LIU Hao shan Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Geomechanics and Embankment Engineering Hohai UniversityNanjing210098China Jiangsu Research Center for Geotechnical Engineering Technology Hohai UniversityNanjing210098China Geotechnical Research Institute Hohai UniversityNanjing210098China Research Institute of Tunnel and Underground Engineering Hohai UniversityNanjing 210098China School of Civil Engineering Xuzhou University of TechnologyXuzhou 221018China

The sliding forms of weak sloped and horizontal subgrades during the sliding process *** addition,the sliding form of weakly sloped subgrades exhibits considerable slippage and *** accuracy of traditional slice methods for computing the stability safety factor of weakly sloped subgrades is insufficient for a subgrade *** this study,a novel modified Bishop method was developed to improve the accuracy of the stability safety factor for different inclination *** instability mechanism of the weakly sloped subgrade was considered in the proposed method using the“influential force”and“additional force”***“additional force”reflected the weight effect of the embankment fill,whereas the“influential force”reflected the effect of the potential energy *** simulations and experimental tests were conducted to evaluate the advantages of the proposed modified Bishop *** with the traditional slice method,the error between the proposed method and the exact value is less than 32.3%in calculating the safety factor.

关键词： weakly sloped subgrade stability analysis additional force influential force modified Bishop method

中国干旱区水资源管理制度的结构优化与体系完善——基于结构功能分析方法

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中国农村水利水电 2024年第7期 26-34,44页

作者：陈宝山麻芦苇姜贺天丁梦茹石河子大学法学院新疆石河子832000

中国水资源总量丰富,但目前仍存在人均水资源占有量较低、水资源时空分布不均等问题,这些问题在干旱区更为明显。中国目前正实行最严格水资源管理制度,尽管该制度发挥了一定成效,但仍无法有效解决干旱区面临的水资源难题。从制度层面出... 详细信息

中国水资源总量丰富,但目前仍存在人均水资源占有量较低、水资源时空分布不均等问题,这些问题在干旱区更为明显。中国目前正实行最严格水资源管理制度,尽管该制度发挥了一定成效,但仍无法有效解决干旱区面临的水资源难题。从制度层面出发,运用结构-功能分析方法,归纳总结并分析中国干旱区涉及的水资源管理政策法律文件。分析结果表明:①中国干旱区水资源管理制度存在规范水资源利用行为、提高水资源利用效率的正功能和推动节水技术创新、促进可持续发展的潜正功能,以及水资源分配可能导致权力固化和供需不平衡,管理制度会增加企业和个人成本负担的潜负功能。②中国干旱区水资源管理制度存在纵向的立法规范结构约束、横向的水资源管理制度结构约束以及横纵结合的职权分配结构约束。进一步分析表明,产生上述结构约束的原因在于水资源管理立法纵向残缺、水资源管理制度横向配置局限以及水资源管理制度运行中的责任分配不明,由此导致节水领域制度落实困难、水资源分配不合理以及再生水利用效率偏低、水资源管理主体职责交叉重叠的问题,制约水资源管理制度体系的运行。因此,针对上述问题,应当制定专门性节水立法、完善干旱区水资源管理制度和明确水资源管理的责权分配,以期达到优化中国干旱区水资源管理制度的结构障碍及制度缺陷,消除其潜负功能的效果。

关键词：干旱区水资源管理制度结构-功能分析

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人白细胞介素-6重组蛋白的制备

中国医药生物技术 2024年第3期19卷 240-245页

作者：单晨张超张传宝北京医院/国家老年医学中心/国家卫生健康委临床检验中心/中国医学科学院老年医学研究院/中国医学科学院北京协和医学院 100730

目的利用大肠杆菌原核表达系统制备人白细胞介素-6(IL-6)重组蛋白,并对蛋白进行纯化,为后期制备IL-6标准物质和质控品提供候选物质基础。方法以现有IL-6原核表达质粒6His-IL-6-pET-28a(+)为模板,通过PCR扩增目的片段,并在其N端添加His... 详细信息

目的利用大肠杆菌原核表达系统制备人白细胞介素-6(IL-6)重组蛋白,并对蛋白进行纯化,为后期制备IL-6标准物质和质控品提供候选物质基础。方法以现有IL-6原核表达质粒6His-IL-6-pET-28a(+)为模板,通过PCR扩增目的片段,并在其N端添加His标签。通过酶切连接的方式,将该段基因克隆至pRSFDuet载体,随后转化BL21感受肽获得表达菌株。利用异丙基硫代半乳糖苷(IPTG)进行诱导,得到IL-6重组蛋白,利用镍柱亲和层析技术对蛋白进行纯化,并比对两个表达菌株的蛋白表达量,选择高表达菌株进行后续实验。结果成功构建6His-IL-6-pRSFDuet原核表达质粒,根据蛋白表达比对情况选择6His-IL-6-pET-28a(+)质粒进行后续实验,确定最适IPTG诱导浓度(0.2 mmol/L)、诱导温度(20℃)、诱导时间(20 h)等条件,在BL21中高效表达重组IL-6蛋白,纯化后的蛋白不仅可通过临床检测,且稀释倍数与检测结果之间呈线性关系。结论成功获得低成本、高浓度、高纯度的IL-6重组蛋白,为后续IL-6标准物质和质控品的制备奠定了基础。

关键词：白介素-6 重组蛋白原核表达标准物质质控品

Magnetostriction of the Oriented Crystals in a TbDyFe Alloy

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Chinese Physics Letters 1998年第5期15卷 379-381页

作者： JIANG Cheng-bao ZHOU shou-zeng WANG Run Department of Materials Science and Engineering Beijing University of Aeronautics and AstronauticsBeijing 100083 State Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083

The preferred growth directions of Tb0.3Dy0.7Fe1.95 grown by a super-high temperature gradient zone melting directional solidification technique were examined over a large range of the crystal growth velocity(0.5-30 mm/min).The[110]preferred growth direction was found in most case,and the[112]orientation only existed with a certain solidification *** magnetostriction of the[110]oriented samples was poor and had no obvious“stress effect”,which exists in[110]perfect crystals according to *** difference of the magnetostriction between the actual and perfect[110]oriented crystal was discussed in *** poor magnetostriction of the[110]oriented samples was attributed to the special 109.5°angular with two(111)twin growth mechanism,which resulted in the[114]direction along axis in twins,and only the[110]along axis in master.

关键词： solidification perfect Crystal

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中国牧区若干基本问题的再思考

前沿 2024年第1期 71-83页

作者：包玉山包凤兰高永久内蒙古师范大学民族学人类学学院内蒙古呼和浩特010022 南开大学周恩来政府管理学院天津300350

中国牧区具有生态的脆弱性、气候的恶劣性、经济的滞后性、人文的多元性、区位的边缘性边疆性以及地缘关系的重要性等特点。当前,中国牧区发展普遍面临着“三生矛盾”的瓶颈制约,“三生矛盾”已成为牧区经济社会问题发生的根源。由于牧... 详细信息

中国牧区具有生态的脆弱性、气候的恶劣性、经济的滞后性、人文的多元性、区位的边缘性边疆性以及地缘关系的重要性等特点。当前,中国牧区发展普遍面临着“三生矛盾”的瓶颈制约,“三生矛盾”已成为牧区经济社会问题发生的根源。由于牧区草原在维护国家生态安全、边疆稳定、民族团结和促进经济社会可持续发展方面具有基础性、战略性作用,因此,如何破解“三生矛盾”以促进牧区经济社会发展是目前需要解决的首要问题。破解“三生矛盾”最为重要的应对措施是加大力度进行生态治理和生态建设。第一,赋予牧区草原生态以全国性公共物品的属性和地位,并由中央政府投资建设,这是彰显牧区草原在生态安全中战略性作用的先决条件;第二,选择和鼓励符合生态文明理念并以破解“三生矛盾”为目的的具有生态、经济、安全功能的经济活动和生态治理活动,为实现“三生共赢”提供有利条件,为实现牧区现代化创造良好环境。

关键词： “三生矛盾” 生态治理 “三生共赢” 高质量发展牧区草原