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Open Journal of Veterinary medicine 2015年第3期5卷 43-60页

作者： Yuya Nagasawa Yu Takahashi Wataru Itani Hitoshi Watanabe Yusuke Hidaka Shotaro morita Kei Suzuki Kouichi Watanabe Shyuichi Ohwada Haruki Kitazawa morikazu Imamura Takashi Yokoyama motohiro Horiuchi Suehiro Sakaguchi shirou m.hri michael T. Rose Tomonori Nochi Hisashi Aso Cellular Biology Laboratory Tohoku University Sendai Japan Food Immunology Group Tohoku University Sendai Japan Prion Disease Research Center National Institute of Animal Health Tsukuba Japan Laboratory of Veterinary Hygiene Hokkaido University Sapporo Japan Institute for Enzyme Research The University of Tokushima Tokushima Japan Institute of Biological Environmental and Rural Sciences Aberystwyth University Aberystwyth UK

microfold (m) cells are a kind of intestinal epithelial cell in the follicle-associated epithelium (FAE) of Peyer’s patches. They can transport antigens and microorganisms to lymphoid tissues. Bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) is a fatal neurodegenerative disorder in cattle. It is linked to variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease in humans. Although it is thought that m cells transport the BSE agent, the exact mechanism by which it crosses the intestinal barrier is not clear. We have bovine intestinal epithelial cell line (BIE cells), which can differentiate into the m cell type in vitro after stimulation, and which is able to transport the BSE agent. We show here that m cells are able to incorporate large numbers of PrP coated magnetic particles into intracellular vesicles, which we collected. The results of 2-DE show a specific protein associated with the PrP-coated particles, compared with non-coated particles. This protein was identified as aldolase A, a glycolytic pathway enzyme, using LC-mS/mS analysis. Aldolase A was synthesized and secreted by BIE cells, and increased during m cell differentiation. In the villi of the bovine intestine, aldolase A was detected on the surface of the epithelium and in the mucus droplet of goblet cells. In the FAE of bovine jejunal and ileal Peyer’s patches, aldolase A was localized on the surface and the apical part of the m cells. The binding of rbPrP to aldolase A was clearly detected and inhibited by pre-treatment of anti-aldolase A antibody. Aldolase A was co-stained with incorporated PrPSc in m-BIE cells. These results suggest that bovine m cells and goblet cells synthesize aldolase A, and that aldolase A may have the ability to bind PrP and associate with PrP in cellular vesicles. Therefore, aldolase A-positive m cells may play a key role in the invasion of BSE into the body.

关键词： Peyer’s Patch m Cell BIE Cells Aldolase A PrP Binding Protein

沉积作用及沉积过程海底泥石流形成的沉积物漩涡结构

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海洋地质 2013年第1期29卷 36-36页

作者： shirou NAKAYA

棱角状含碎块泥岩，又称“sarashikubi层”，分布于日本Kii半岛南部海岸带，为形成于古近纪的海底泥石流沉积物，厚达310m。由于沉积物中许多碎块是未成岩的，因此在搬运时易形变和破碎。笔者测量了碎块和碎片的粒度、重心的视位置和方... 详细信息

棱角状含碎块泥岩，又称“sarashikubi层”，分布于日本Kii半岛南部海岸带，为形成于古近纪的海底泥石流沉积物，厚达310m。由于沉积物中许多碎块是未成岩的，因此在搬运时易形变和破碎。笔者测量了碎块和碎片的粒度、重心的视位置和方位（a轴，a—b平面和剪切断裂面），发现重心视位置数据构成的曲线呈S型、环形、盘旋形和螺旋状。这些曲线结构有层次和体系，具有流体力学中所说的“漩涡结构”，有时位于环形排列的碎块中心，与其位置一致被称为“漩涡中心”。

关键词：沉积物涡结构泥石流沉积过程沉积作用海底流形曲线结构

Increased Drying Rate Lowers the Critical Water Content for Survival in Embryonic Axes of English Oak (Quercus robur L.) Seeds

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2011年第4期53卷 270-280页

作者： Tobias m.Ntuli William E.Finch-Savage Patricia Berjak Norman W.Pammenter Plant Germplasm Conservation Research School of Biological and Conservation SciencesUniversity of KwaZulu-NatalWestville CampusPrivate Bag X54001Durban 4000South Africa Department of Life and Consumer Sciences University of South AfricaPrivate Bag X6Florida 1710JohannesburgSouth Africa Warwick hri Warwick UniversityWellesbourneWarwick CV35 9EFUK Plant Germplasm Conservation Research School of Biological and Conservation SciencesUniversity of KwaZulu-NatalWestville

The potential to cryopreserve embryonic axes of desiccation-sensitive（recalcitrant） seeds is limited by damage during the desiccation necessary for low temperature survival,but the basis of this injury and how to reduce it is not well *** effects of drying rate on the viability,respiratory metabolism and free radical-mediated processes were therefore investigated during dehydration of Quercus robur L embryonic ***,assessed by evidence of germination and tetrazolium staining,showed a sharp decline at 0.27 and 0.8 g/g during rapid（〈12 h） or slow（3d） dehydration,*** dehydration therefore lowered the critical water content for *** any given water content rapid dehydration was associated with higher activities of the free radical processing enzymes,superoxide dismutase,catalase and glutathione reductase and lower levels of hydroperoxide and membrane *** dehydration was also associated with lower malate dehydrogenase activity,and a reduced decline in phosphofructokinase activity and in levels of the oxidized form of nicotinamide *** may have contributed to increased damage during slow dehydration,since viability declined even in hydrated storage after 3 *** results presented are consistent with rapid dehydration reducing the accumulation of damage resulting from desiccation induced aqueous-based deleterious reactions.

关键词： Quercus robur L Seeds Figure NADH

Nitric Oxide Alleviates Photochemical Damage Induced by Cadmium Stress in Pea Seedlings

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2022年第5期91卷 959-973页

作者： Ekhlaque A.Khan Hamdino m.I.Ahmed meena misra Pallavi Sharma Amarendra N.misra Department of Life Sciences Central University of JharkhandRanchi835205India Department of Biotechnology Ch.Bansilal UniversityBhiwaniHaryana127021India Horticulture Research Institute(hri) Agricultural Research Center(ARC)Giza12619Egypt School of Environment and Sustainable Development Central University of GujaratGandhinagar382030India

Cadmium(Cd),a life threatening hazardous heavy metal is abundant in *** amounts are greater in leaves than other plant parts,and it shows considerable effects on *** oxide(NO),a free radical present in living organisms,is now known as an important signaling molecule playing various physiological processes in *** this study,the possible ameliorative effect of NO on photosynthesis was examined on pea seedlings grown under Cd *** showed that chlorophyll,net photosynthetic rate,transpiration rate,stomatal conductance,photochemical efficiency of Photosystem II and Photosystem I decreased,and Fo and nonphotochemical parameters for PSII and PSI significantly increased due to Cd *** suggests that Cd affects the photochemistry efficiency at both the PSII and PSI *** oxide supplementation through SNP ameliorated Cd stress by enhancing all the above mentioned parameters but causing a reduction in the Fo,and non-photochemical parameters of PSII and PSI in pea *** data indicate that the exogenous application of NO was useful in mitigating Cd-induced damage to photosynthesis in pea seedling.

关键词： Chlorophyll fluorescence oxidative stress Photosystem I Photosystem II

Nitric oxide alleviates cadmium-impeded growth by limiting ROS accumulation in pea seedlings

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BIOCELL 2022年第12期46卷 2583-2593页

作者： EKHLAQUE A.KHAN HAmDINO m.I.AHmED mEENA mISRA PALLAVI SHARmA AmARENDRA N.mISRA mIRZA HASANUZZAmAN Department of Life Sciences Central University of JharkhandRanchi835205India Department of Biotechnology Chaudhary Bansi Lal UniversityBhiwani127021India Horticulture Research Institute(hri) Agricultural Research Center(ARC)Giza12619Egypt School of Environment and Sustainable Development Central University of GujratGandhinagar382030India School of Applied Sciences Centurion University of Technology and ManagementBhubaneswar752050India Department of Agronomy Faculty of AgricultureSher-e-Bangla Agricultural UniversityDhaka1207Bangladesh

Cadmium(Cd)causes oxidative stress,which leads to the oxidation of various biomolecules by the production of reactive oxygen species(ROS)to facilitate programmed cell death(PCD).The antioxidant defense system fails to detoxify ROS when it is produced in *** oxide(NO),a gaseous free radical and a phytohormone,regulates various physiological processes of ***,this work was undertaken to study the effects of the application of exogenous sodium nitroprusside(SNP,a NO donor)on growth parameters,oxidative stress,accumulation of secondary metabolites,and activities of antioxidant enzymes under Cd ***(50μm)and severe(200μm)Cd stress were applied to hydroponically grown pea(Pisum sativum L.)plants with or without 50μm *** Cd stress had a substantial impact on the *** effectiveness of NO in reducing Cd-induced negative effects on plant height,fresh weight,dry weight,protein content,nitrite content,nitrate reductase(NR)activity,catalase activity,and peroxidase activity were *** development,protein content,nitrite content,nitrate reductase(NR)activity,antioxidant defense systems disruption,overproduction of reactive oxygen species,and oxidative damage were *** antioxidant defense system(catalase and peroxidase activities)was activated by NO,which resulted in lower lipid peroxidation and lower hydrogen peroxide(H2O2)levels in Cd-exposed *** treatment boosted endogenous NO levels and NR activity in Cd-stressed plants while also enhanced proline levels to preserve osmotic *** presence of total phenols and flavonoids increased after SNP treatment,indicating that SNP enhanced stress recovery and boosted plant development in Cd-stressed plants.

关键词： Cadmium SNP Reactive oxygen species Oxidative stress Programmed cell death

Sodium Diffuses from Glass Substrates through P1 Lines and Passivates Defects in Perovskite Solar modules

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Energy & Environmental materials 2023年第6期6卷 393-401页

作者： Felix Utama Kosasih Francesco Di Giacomo Jordi Ferrer Orri Kexue Li Elizabeth m.Tennyson Weiwei Li Fabio matteocci Gunnar Kusch Narges Yaghoobi Nia Rachel A.Oliver Judith L.macmanus-Driscoll Katie L.moore Samuel D.Stranks Aldo Di Carlo Giorgio Divitini Caterina Ducati Department of materials Science and metallurgy University of Cambridge27 Charles Babbage RoadCambridge CB30FSUK Centre for Hybrid and Organic Solar Energy(CHOSE) Department of Electronic EngineeringUniversity of Rome Tor VergataRome 00133Italy Cavendish Laboratory University of CambridgeJJ Thomson AvenueCambridge CB30HEUK Department of materials and Photon Science Institute University of ManchesterOxford RoadManchester M139PLUK Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology University of CambridgePhilippa Fawcett DriveCambridge CB30ASUK Laboratory for Advanced Solar Energy(LASE) National University of Science and Technology MISiSLeninskiy Prospekt 4Moscow 119049Russia Energy Research Institute@NTU Nanyang Technological University50 Nanyang DriveSingapore 637553Singapore mIIT Key Laboratory of Aerospace Information materials and Physics College of PhysicsNanjing University of Aeronautics and AstronauticsNanjing 211106China Istituto di Struttura della materia-CNR(ISm-CNR) Via del Fosso del Cavaliere 100Rome 00133Italy Electron Spectroscopy and Nanoscopy Istituto Italiano di TecnologiaVia Morego 30Genova 16163Italy

most thin-film photovoltaic modules are constructed on soda-lime glass(SLG)substrates containing alkali oxides,such as Na_(2)*** may diffuse from SLG into a module's active layers through P1 lines,an area between a module's constituent cells where the substrate-side charge transport layer(CTL)is in direct contact with *** diffusion from SLG is known to cause several important effects inⅡ-Ⅵand chalcogenide solar modules,but it has not been studied in perovskite solar modules(PSms).In this work,we use complementary microscopy and spectroscopy techniques to show that Na diffusion occurs in the fabrication process of *** diffuses vertically inside P1 lines and then laterally from P1 lines into the active area for up to 360 *** propose that this process is driven by the high temperatures the devices are exposed to during CTL and perovskite *** diffused Na preferentially binds with Br,forming Br-poor,l-rich perovskite and a species rich in Na and Br(Na-Br)close to P1 ***-Br passivates defect sites,reducing non-radiative recombination in the perovskite and boosting its luminescence by up to 5×.Na-Br is observed to be stable after 12 weeks of device storage,suggesting long-lasting effects of Na *** results not only point to a potential avenue to increase PSm performance but also highlight the possibility of unabated Na diffusion throughout a module's lifetime,especially if accelerated by the electric field and elevated temperatures achievable during device operation.

关键词： defect passivation monolithic interconnection perovskite solar modules soda-lime glass sodium diffusion solar cells thin-film photovoltaics

Heme: a versatile signaling molecule controlling the activities of diverse regulators ranging from transcription factors to mAP kinases

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Cell Research 2006年第8期16卷 681-692页

作者： Sarahmmense Department of Environmental Health Sciences Columbia University maihnan School of Public Health 60 Haven Avenue B-106 New York NY 10032 USA

Heme(iron protoporphyrin IX)is an essential molecule for numerous living *** only does it serve as aprosthetic group in enzymes,it also acts as a signaling molecule that controls diverse molecular and cellular processesranging from signal transduction to protein complex *** heine synthesis or function impacts the hema-topoietic,hepatic and nervous systems in *** studies have revealed a series of heine-regulated transcriptionfactors and signal transducers including Hap 1,a heme-activated transcription factor that mediates the effects of oxygenon gene transcription in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae;Bachl,a transcriptional repressor that is negatively regu-lated by heine in mammalian cells;tRR,an iron regulatory protein that mediates the iron-dependant regulation of hemesynthesis in the bacterium Bradyrhizobium japonicum;and heme-regulated inhibitor,an eucaryotic initiation factor 2αkinase that coordinates protein synthesis with heme availability in *** this review,we summarize the currentknowledge about how heme controls the activity of these transcriptional regulators and signal transducers,and discussdiseases associated with detective heine synthesis,degradation and function.

关键词： heme signaling oxygen sensing Hapl Bachl hri IRR

Assessment of Heavy metals and microbial Pollution of Lettuce (<i>Lactuca sativa</i>) Cultivated in Two Sites (Paspanga and Tanghin) of Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso

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Journal of Environmental Protection 2019年第3期10卷 454-471页

作者： marius Kounbèsiounè Somda Saran Samake Donatien Kabore mahamadi Nikiema Iliassou mogmenga Yerobessor Dabire Assietta Ouattara Ibrahim Keita Henriette B. mihin Agbémébia Yawovi Akakpo Alfred S. Traore Laboratory of microbiology and microbial Biotechnology Research Center in Biological Food and Nutrition Sciences (CRSBAN) Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology University Ouaga1 Pr Joseph KI-ZERBO Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Laboratory of Food Technology Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology University Ouaga 1 Pr Joseph KI-ZERBO Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Laboratory of Applied molecular Biology (LBmA) Faculty of Technics and Sciences University of Sciences Technics and Technologies of Bamako Bamako Mali Department of Food Technology National Center of Scientific and Technological Research Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Laboratoire of Quality Control and Normalisation (LCQN) Institut of Agronomic Research of Togo Lome Togo

Environmental pollution can have detrimental effects on crop yield and its consumers. The current study was designed to investigate the potential human health risks associated with the consumption of lettuce crop contaminated with toxic heavy metals and microbiological status. Irrigated water, soil and lettuce were analyzed by AAS technics for heavy metals including Cd, Cr, Cu, mn, Ni, Pb and Zn. Transfer factor (TF), daily intake of metals (DIm) and health risk index (hri) were also calculated. microbial analysis was carried out for the presence foodborne pathogens. The results showed that the heavy metals contents were higher in the soil than wastewater and the vegetables. Heavy metals ranged (mg·Kg-1) for Cd (1.27 to 2.93), Cr (7.28 to 7.38), Cu (0.91 to 1.70), mn (0.29 to 6.60), Ni (1.74 to 2.16), Pb (1.32 to 1.69), Zn (3.08 to 3.79);and were higher than the WHO maximum limit permissible (mL) in vegetables. hri TF values designated an enhanced bio-contamination. microbial numeration revealed the presence of spoiler and pathogenic microorganisms. The lettuce tested was not safe for human use, especially for direct consumption by human beings.

关键词： Heavy metal microorganisms Pollution Lactuca sativa Risk Assessment Burkina Faso

Health Risks due to Consumption of <i>malus domestica</i>Golden Delicious Containing Heavy metals

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Journal of Environmental Protection 2019年第4期10卷 577-594页

作者： Reyna del Carmen Lara-Severino Julia G. Cerón Breton Rosa m. Cerón Breton marcela Rangel marrón Joaquín José Parra Pérez Octavio manuel Nah Cabrera Elidesmeralda Abreu Félix Sciences of Health Faculty Autonomous University of Carmen Ciudad del Carmen Campeche Mexico Chemistry Faculty Autonomous University of Carmen Ciudad del Carmen Campeche Mexico

The intake of heavy metals through food consumption is a food safety problem that severely impacts the health of consumers, so information about food intake and heavy metal concentrations in food products is required to estimate the potential risk to the health of the population. The main purpose of this study was to estimate the potential risks to human health from exposure to Cd, Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn through the intake of malus domestica Golden Delicious consumed in the mexican southeast, considering the age group and gender. The concentration of each of the metals was quantified by spectrometry of atomic absorption (AAE) and the daily intake of metals (DIm) and health risk indices through the consumption of apple: health risk index (hri), total health risk index (Thri), target hazard coefficient (THQ) and the probability of carcinogenic risk (CR) were estimated. The concentrations of the metals analyzed in the apple samples showed the following decreasing order: Zn ≥ Ni ≥ Cu ≥ Pb ≥ Cd. The DIm values showed the following decreasing order: child > young adult > adoescent > elders. The health risk assessments (hri, Thri, THQ and CR) obtained from the samples of Golden Delicious apples are located within the acceptable and/or tolerable limits, however, the increase in the intake of heavy metals through consumption of apples from establishments in the study area or the consumption of various foods contaminated with heavy metals may increase the health risk potential of consumers. For this reason, it is recommended to carry out studies on the concentration of heavy metals in food products, mainly those of greater popular consumption, to guarantee food security of the population.

关键词： Apple Heavy metal Intake Health Risk Assessment Daily Intake and Carcinogenic Risk