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Achieving Fine-Grained Microstructure and Superior Mechanical Property in a Plain Low-Carbon Steel Using Heavy Cold Rolling Combined with Short-Time Heat Treatment

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2023年第10期36卷 1719-1734页

作者： Yuxuan liu shichang liu Liming Fu Huanrong Wang Wei Wang Mao Wen Aidang Shan School of Materials Science and Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai200240China Shenyang Research Institute of Foundry Shenyang110022China Baosteel Research Institute Baoshan Iron and Steel Co.Ltd.Shanghai201900China

A new thermomechanical process consisting of heavy cold rolling(HCR)and short-time heat treatment(STH)is developed to fabricate fine-grained martensite microstructure in a low-cost plain low-carbon steel.To achieve the optimal mechanical properties after STH,three different ferrite-pearlite(F-P)dual-phase microstructures are prepared via hot rolling(HR),HR and austenitizing,and HR and HCR.The microstructure evolution and the comprehensive mechanical properties of the alloy during STH are then investigated.We find that the volume fractions of transformed martensite after STH increase with decreasing grain sizes of the pre-STH F-P dual phases.The rapid heating and short-time holding of STH promote grain nucleation and inhibit grain growth,resulting in microstructure refinement.The formation of martensites with different morphologies and different carbon concentrations in the HR and HCR+STH alloy is identified,owing to the inhomogeneous carbon distribution by STH.Tensile experiments demonstrate that STH greatly improves the comprehension mechanical properties of the alloy.Excellent mechanical properties,with a yield strength of 1224 MPa,a tensile strength of 1583 MPa,a uniform elongation of 4.0%and a total elongation of 7.3%are achieved in the HR and HCR+STH alloy.These excellent mechanical properties are principally attributed to the microstructure refinement and martensite formation induced by STH,with a yield strength improvement of 134%and a tensile strength improvement of 150%relative to the HR alloy.

关键词： Heat treatment Microstructure Plain low-carbon steel Mechanical properties

Capturing the hierarchically assorted modules of protein–protein interactions in the organized nucleome

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Molecular Plant 2023年第5期16卷 930-961页

作者： Shuaijian Dai shichang liu Chen Zhou Fengchao Yu Guang Zhu Wenhao Zhang Haiteng Deng Al Burlingame Weichuan Yu Tingliang Wang Ning Li Division of Life Science The Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyHong Kong SARChina Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering The Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyHong KongChina Tsinghua-Peking Joint Centre for Life Sciences Centre for Structural BiologySchoolof Life Sciences and Schoolof MedicineTsinghua UniversityBejing 100084China The Hk.UST Shenzhen-Hong Kong Collaborative Innovation Research Institute FutianShenzhenGuangdong 518057China Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering The Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyHong Kong SARChina Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry University of CaliforniaSan FranciscoSan FranciscoCAUSA

Nuclear proteins are major constituents and key regulators of nucleome topological organization and manipulators of nuclear events.To decipher the global connectivity of nuclear proteins and the hierarchically organized modules of their interactions,we conducted two rounds of cross-linking mass spectrometry(XL-MS)analysis,one of which followed a quantitative double chemical cross-linking mass spectrometry(in vivo qXL-MS)workflow,and identified 24,140 unique crosslinks in total from the nuclei of soybean seedlings.This in vivo quantitative interactomics enabled the identification of 5340 crosslinks that can be converted into 1297 nuclear protein–protein interactions(PPIs),1220(94%)of which were non-confirmative(or novel)nuclear PPIs compared with those in repositories.There were 250 and 26 novel interactors of histones and the nucleolar box C/D small nucleolar ribonucleoprotein complex,respectively.Modulomic analysis of orthologous Arabidopsis PPIs produced 27 and 24 master nuclear PPI modules(NPIMs)that contain the condensate-forming protein(s)and the intrinsically disordered region–containing proteins,respectively.These NPIMs successfully captured previously reported nuclear protein complexes and nuclear bodies in the nucleus.Surprisingly,these NPIMs were hierarchically assorted into four higher-order communities in a nucleomic graph,including genome and nucleolus communities.This combinatorial pipeline of 4C quantitative interactomics and PPI network modularization revealed 17 ethylene-specific module variants that participate in a broad range of nuclear events.The pipeline was able to capture both nuclear protein complexes and nuclear bodies,construct the topological architectures of PPI modules and module variants in the nucleome,and probably map the protein compositions of biomolecular condensates.

关键词： nucleome 4C interactomics in vivo qXL-MS biomolecular modulomics CHAMPION 4D biomolecular modulomes

基于cosRMC的聚变堆输运-活化内耦合方法研究

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核技术 2024年第5期47卷 55-70页

作者：王胜哲刘仕倡陈义学华北电力大学核科学与工程学院北京102206

在聚变反应堆运行过程中,中子活化会导致大量放射性核素的产生,因此活化计算在反应堆的屏蔽设计和辐射安全分析中具有重要作用。本文基于蒙特卡罗粒子输运程序cosRMC的内置燃耗求解器Depth,开发了固定源模式下的内耦合输运-活化耦合计... 详细信息

在聚变反应堆运行过程中,中子活化会导致大量放射性核素的产生,因此活化计算在反应堆的屏蔽设计和辐射安全分析中具有重要作用。本文基于蒙特卡罗粒子输运程序cosRMC的内置燃耗求解器Depth,开发了固定源模式下的内耦合输运-活化耦合计算功能。将该程序应用于中国聚变工程试验堆(Chinese Fusion EngineeringTestingReactor,CFETR)的第一壁(First-wall,FW)材料钢和面向等离子体部件(Plasma-facing Component,PFC)材料钨,分别使用连续能量截面和多群截面进行活化计算,并与活化程序ALARA进行对比验证,发现cosRMC的计算结果与ALARA计算的结果符合良好,初步验证了开发的cosRMC程序输运-活化内耦合计算功能的正确性。与传统蒙特卡罗-活化计算程序的外耦合方式相比,内耦合方式蒙特卡罗不需要把中子能谱传给外部活化程序,而是在蒙特卡罗中子输运过程中嵌入计算活化相关的核素单群反应截面,动态更新中子能谱和材料信息,同时可以使用连续能量截面进行反应率计算,得到与实际问题的几何、能谱相关的反应截面,从而精确地考虑了共振区核截面的影响。

关键词：活化计算聚变堆固定源 ALARA cosRMC

基于SINBAD聚变基准题的cosRMC程序屏蔽计算研究

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核技术 2024年第5期47卷 71-81页

作者：车锐刘仕倡田卓陈义学华北电力大学核科学与工程学院北京102206

聚变堆具有中子能量高、空间尺度大、几何结构复杂、辐射衰减梯度大等特点,其屏蔽计算更具挑战。为了验证蒙卡程序cosRMC在针对聚变堆屏蔽问题的准确性,对国际屏蔽基准题库SINBAD中的两个屏蔽实验进行了模拟。首先基于基准题实验模型建... 详细信息

聚变堆具有中子能量高、空间尺度大、几何结构复杂、辐射衰减梯度大等特点,其屏蔽计算更具挑战。为了验证蒙卡程序cosRMC在针对聚变堆屏蔽问题的准确性,对国际屏蔽基准题库SINBAD中的两个屏蔽实验进行了模拟。首先基于基准题实验模型建立了详细的三维中子学模型,通过cosRMC中子-光子耦合输运计算,对实验时在模型中处于不同中子穿透深度位置的探测器的中子能谱进行模拟计算。然后采用栅元重要性减方差技术进一步提高cosRMC屏蔽计算的精度。最后将cosRMC计算得到的中子通量谱与MCNP5的计算结果以及基准题实验值进行了对比。结果表明,cosRMC与MCNP5的计算结果相符,二者的相对误差在3倍相对统计误差以内,且与实验值吻合良好,证明了cosRMC具有进行聚变堆屏蔽计算的能力。

关键词：聚变基准题屏蔽计算 SINBAD cosRMC

Quantitative Analysis of Cytokinins in Plants by High Performance Liquid Chromatography:Electronspray Ionization Ion Trap Mass Spectrometry

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2010年第10期52卷 925-932页

作者： Weiqi Chen Ying Gai shichang liu Renxiao Wang Xiangning Jiang College of Life Sciencesand Biotechnology Bering Forestry University The Tree and Ornamental Plant Bree~ng and BiotechnologyLaboratory of Chinese Forestry Administration National Engineering Laboratory for Tree Breeding Beijing 100083 China Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 China

The present paper introduces a highly sensitive and selective method for simultaneous quantification of 12 cytokinins （free form and their conjugates）. The method includes a protocol of extraction with methanol/water/formic acid （15/4/1, v/v/v） to the micro-scale samples, pre-purification with solid phase extraction （SPE） cartridges of the extracts, separation with a high performance liquid chromatography （HPLC） and detection by an electrospray ionization ion trap mass spectrometry （ESl-lon trap-MS） system in a consecutive ion monitoring （CRM） mode at the three stage fragmentation of mass spectrometry （MS3）. The lowest detection level of the cytokinins of the method reaches 0.1-2.0 pg with a very wide range of linear regression from 1-512 pg, at the coefficient factors of 0.98-0.99. The feasibility of this method has been proven in the application of the method to the analysis of the trace-amount contents of cytokinins in the micro-scale samples of various types of plant materials, such as aerial parts of rice and poplar leaves etc. 12 endogenous cytokinins had been identified and quantified in the plant tissues, with an acceptable relatively higher recovery rate from 40% to 70%.

关键词： Methanol Cytokinins Extraction Extracts Methods Mass spectrometry Weight Traps Trapping Ions

High strength-ductility nano-structured high manganese steel produced by cryogenic asymmetry-rolling

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2018年第4期34卷 695-699页

作者： Bin Fu Liming Fu shichang liu Huan Rong Wang Wei Wang Aidang Shan School of Materials Science and Engineering Shanghaifiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China School of Materials Science and Engineering Shanghai Institute of TechnologyShanghai 201418China Shenyang Research Institute of Foundry Shenyang 110022China Baosteel Research Institute Shanghai 201900China

A bulk nanostructured twinning-induced plasticity （TWIP） steel with high ductility and high strength was fabricated by cryogenic asymmetry-rolling （cryo-ASR） and subsequent recovery treatment. It was found that the cryo-ASRed TWIP steels exhibit simultaneous improvements in the ductility, strength and work hardening. Typical microstructures of the cryo-ASR TWIP steel were characterized by shear bands and intensive mechanical nano-sized twins induced by cryogenic deformation. These mechanical nano-scale twins remain thermally stable during the subsequent recovery treatment. It is believed that the ductility enhancement and high work-hardening ability for the cryo-ASR TWIP steels should be mainly attributed to the high-densitv pre-existing nano-scale twins.

关键词： Nano-structured TWIP steel Cryogenic deformation Asymmetric rolling （ASR） Nano-scale twins Work hardening ability

Quantitative and Functional Phosphoproteomic Analysis Reveals that Ethylene Regulates Water Transport via the C-Terminal Phosphorylation of Aquaporin PIP2;1 in Arabidopsis

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Molecular Plant 2016年第1期9卷 158-174页

作者： Dongjin Qing Zhu Yang Mingzhe Li Wai Shing Wong Guangyu Guo shichang liu Hongwei Guo Ning Li Division of Life Science The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Hong Kong SAR China School of Life Science Peking University Beijing 100089 China These authors contributed equally to this article

Ethylene participates in the regulation of numerous cellular events and biological processes, including wa- ter loss, during leaf and flower petal wilting. The diverse ethylene responses may be regulated via dynamic interplays between protein phosphorylation/dephosphorylation and ubiquitin/26S proteasome-mediated protein degradation and protease cleavage. To address how ethylene alters protein phosphorylation through multi-furcated signaling pathways, we performed a lSN stable isotope labelling-based, differential, and quantitative phosphoproteomics study on air- and ethylene-treated ethylene-insensitive Arabidopsis double loss-of-function mutant ein3-1/eill-1. Among 535 non-redundant phosphopeptides identified, two and four phosphopeptides were up- and downregulated by ethylene, respectively. Ethylene- regulated phosphorylation of aquaporin PIP2;1 is positively correlated with the water flux rate and water loss in leaf. Genetic studies in combination with quantitative proteomics, immunoblot analysis, protoplast swelling/shrinking experiments, and leaf water loss assays on the transgenic plants expressing both the wild-type and S280A/S283A-mutated PIP2;1 in the both Col-O and ein3eill genetic backgrounds suggest that ethylene increases water transport rate in Arabidopsis cells by enhancing S280/S283 phosphorylation at the C terminus of PIP2;1. Unknown kinase and/or phosphatase activities may participate in the initial up- regulation independent of the cellular functions of EIN3/EIL1. This finding contributes to our understanding of ethylene-regulated leaf wilting that is commonly observed during post-harvest storage of plant organs.

关键词： ethylene signaling quantitative PTM proteomics aquaporin, ^15N stable isotope labeling in Arabidopsis（SILIA） mass spectrometry water transport

Research Progress of Metal-Based Shielding Materials for Neutron and Gamma Rays

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2021年第12期34卷 1609-1617页

作者： Bin Gan shichang liu Zhen He Fucai Chen Haoxuan Niu Jingchang Cheng Bo Tan Bo Yu Science and Technology on Reactor System Design Technology Laboratory Nuclear Power Institute of ChinaChengdu610213China State Key Laboratory of Light Alloy Casting Technology for High-End Equipment Shenyang Research Institute of Foundry Co.Ltd.Shenyang110022China

The radiation generated by nuclear reaction is harmful to human body and equipment,thus the radiation shielding materials that employ the shielding ability from neutron and gamma rays are the best candidates according to application situations and radiation sources.In this paper,the researches of metal-based neutron and gamma rays or multiple purpose shielding materials are systematically summarized,and the respective and principal problems of these materials with respect to shielding effectiveness and other performances,such as corrosion,mechanical properties,manufacture,etc.,are discussed.Finally,the prospect of shielding materials is outlined,which suggests that the development of highly efficient and multiply functional radiation shielding materials with good environmental compatibility is one of the future development trends.

关键词： Radiation shielding materials Metal-based Boron-containing shielding materials High density alloys

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基于cosRMC的同位素电池屏蔽计算研究

原子能科学技术 2024年第3期58卷 622-629页

作者：王益祺刘仕倡靳程建李锐孙宁延韩毅张显陈义学华北电力大学核科学与工程学院北京102206 中国辐射防护研究院山西太原030006 辐射安全与防护山西省重点实验室山西太原030006

热电式同位素电池系统作为一种新型能源系统,在深空、深海探测任务中有广泛应用。钛酸锶热源中的放射性同位素90 Sr和90 Y会发射β射线,β射线与物质作用产生韧致辐射,韧致辐射具有很强的穿透力,需要为热源安装屏蔽层,以降低辐射剂量。... 详细信息

热电式同位素电池系统作为一种新型能源系统,在深空、深海探测任务中有广泛应用。钛酸锶热源中的放射性同位素90 Sr和90 Y会发射β射线,β射线与物质作用产生韧致辐射,韧致辐射具有很强的穿透力,需要为热源安装屏蔽层,以降低辐射剂量。当屏蔽层厚度超过一定值后,蒙特卡罗方法计算结果的统计误差显著增大,采用减方差技术可以提高热电式同位素电池屏蔽计算的准确性。同时,直接电子输运模拟耗时很长,可以通过厚靶韧致辐射模型处理电子产生的光子,从而提高计算效率。本文开展了cosRMC程序的减方差技术和厚靶韧致辐射模型在同位素电池屏蔽计算中的应用研究与验证,基于美国SNAP-21结构的设计方案,采用cosRMC程序对同位素电池进行了精细建模,通过改变外屏蔽层厚度分析其对表面剂量率的影响,并与MCNP结果进行比较。结果表明,在电池径向和轴向使用不同厚度的屏蔽层,cosRMC与MCNP计算的贫铀屏蔽层表面的剂量率的相对误差在±3σ区间内符合良好。采用栅元重要性减方差后,两程序统计误差均减小,且在电池径向5 cm处和轴向4 cm处,结果在±3σ区间内符合良好,进一步验证了cosRMC程序进行热电式同位素电池屏蔽计算的准确性。

关键词：同位素电池屏蔽计算 MCNP cosRMC 减方差