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Haplotype-resolved and chromosome-scale genomes provide insights into co-adaptation between the Amur tiger and Amur leopard

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Zoological Research 2024年第3期45卷 464-467页

作者： Hai-Meng Li Bo-Yang Liu Min-Hui shi Le Zhang Shang-Chen Yang Sunil Kumar Sahu Liang-Yu Cui Shan-Lin Liu Nicolas Dussex Yue Ma Dan Liu Wei-Yao Kong Hao-Rong Lu Yue Zhao Love Dalén Huan Liu Tian-Ming Lan Guang-Shun Jiang Yan-Chun xu College of Wildlife and Protected Area Northeast Forestry UniversityHarbinHeilongjiang 150040China State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Genomics BGI ResearchShenzhenGuangdong 518083China College of Life Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China College of Life Sciences Zhejiang UniversityHangzhouZhejiang 310058China BGI Research WuhanHubei 430074China Department of Entomology College of Plant ProtectionChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China Centre for Palaeogenetics Svante Arrhenius väg 20CStockholm 10691Sweden Department of Zoology Stockholm UniversityStockholm 10691Sweden Department of Bioinformatics and Genetics Swedish Museum of Natural HistoryStockholm 10691Sweden Heilongjiang Siberian Tiger Park HarbinHeilongjiang 150000China Jinlin Provincial Academy of Forestry Science ChangchunJilin 130033China China National GeneBank BGI ResearchShenzhenGuangdong 518120China Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Genome Read and Write BGI ResearchShenzhenGuangdong 518083China BGI Life Science Joint Research Center Northeast Forestry UniversityHarbinHeilongjiang 150040China Feline Research Center of National Forestry and Grassland Administration College of Wildlife and Protected AreaNortheast Forestry UniversityHarbinHeilongjiang 150040China National Forestry and Grassland Administration Research Center of Engineering Technology for Wildlife Conservation and Utilization HarbinHeilongjiang 150040China

DEAR editor,Big cats,such as Amur tigers(Panthera tigris altaica)and Amur leopards(*** orientalis),are apex predator and have evolved specialized traits for hunting and carnivory(Moya et al.,2022),thus playing a crucial role in maintaining biodiversity and ecosystem integrity by regulating prey-predator ***,human-induced pressures,habitat fragmentation,and environmental alterations have restricted these species in small and isolated ***,all extant big cats are categorized as endangered or threatened according to their conservation *** tigers and Amur leopards share overlapping geographic ranges,habitats,and certain prey species in the forests of Northeast Asia(Jiang et al.,2015).To reduce interspecies conflict,these carnivores exhibit differentiated dietary and temporal *** tigers predominantly prey on large ungulates,while Amur leopards hunt small to medium-sized animals(Sugimoto et al.,2016).Additionally,they occupy different temporal niches,with tigers being active at night and leopards more active during the *** spatial and temporal niche partitioning,interspecific competition between these two species is ***,benefiting from their greater size,have a competitive advantage over leopards,which can manifest in occasional leopard predation by tigers and declines in leopard populations with increasing tiger density(Jiang et al.,2015).Tigers also displace leopards from marginal habitats in nature reserves where they coexist.

关键词： habitat Panthera resolved

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中小学教师专业发展研究态势的分析与建议

大连教育学院学报 2024年第3期40卷 8-10页

作者：王晓妹许实常思萌大连市甘井子区教师进修学校辽宁大连116033 大连市甘井子区千山路小学辽宁大连116091 大连理工大学辽宁大连116024

利用中国学术期刊网络出版总库(CNKI)作为数据来源,对中小学教师专业发展进行了分析,以直观方式揭示教师专业发展的研究态势。通过对教师专业发展研究特征的深入分析,发现部分领域研究不足,对未来研究提出建议。

关键词：中小学教师专业发展研究态势

内蒙古西部某铜尾矿周边土壤重金属污染特征及风险评价

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土壤通报 2024年第3期55卷 840-851页

作者：陈晨红梅施和平兰天谢世程周瑞霞孟畅王水平徐明明内蒙古农业大学草原与资源环境学院内蒙古自治区呼和浩特010018 内蒙古农业大学理学院内蒙古自治区呼和浩特010018 中国农业大学土地科学与技术学院北京100084 内蒙古自治区土壤质量与养分资源重点实验室内蒙古自治区呼和浩特010018

目的探究铜尾矿周边表层土壤重金属形态特征和污染风险等级,为防治土壤污染提供理论依据。方法以内蒙古自治区西北部某废弃铜尾矿周边土壤为研究对象,共采集50份土壤样品。运用单因子污染指数、地累计污染指数、潜在生态风险指数及人体... 详细信息

目的探究铜尾矿周边表层土壤重金属形态特征和污染风险等级,为防治土壤污染提供理论依据。方法以内蒙古自治区西北部某废弃铜尾矿周边土壤为研究对象,共采集50份土壤样品。运用单因子污染指数、地累计污染指数、潜在生态风险指数及人体健康风险评价模型分析重金属铜(Cu)、锌(Zn)、砷(As)、铅(Pb)及镉(Cd)的污染水平;结合重金属形态,利用生态风险指数法和次生相原生相分布比值法评估重金属的生物有效性以及迁移风险,并分析重金属的来源和重金属污染的影响因素。结果①重金属Cu、Zn、As和Cd未超出GB 15618—2018《土壤环境质量农用地污染风险管控标准》风险管制值,仅有一个采样点Pb含量(448.02 mg kg^(-1))超过风险管制值;Cu、As、Pb和Cd分别有32、17、15和3个点位重金属含量超过风险筛选值,Zn不超标。②土壤Cu和Pb污染较严重,Zn污染程度最低。污染物生物有效性处于低风险和无风险范围。土壤重金属存在迁移风险,表层土壤65%的采样点As污染具有高迁移风险。土壤中铁锰氧化态(F3)和交换态(F1)的增加是主要原因。③As、Pb及Cd是威胁人体健康的主要污染物,儿童健康风险高于成人。④研究区重金属污染几乎都源于尾矿释放。结论研究区重金属含量不同程度超出风险筛选值,需进行调控;属中等污染水平,是尾矿长期堆放所致,需减少在该研究区内的牧业生产活动。

关键词：尾矿土壤重金属化学形态风险评价

Development of liquiritigenin-phospholipid complex with the enhanced oral bioavailability

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Chinese Journal of Natural Medicines 2020年第12期18卷 916-921页

作者： shi chang-Can QIN Kun-Ming xu Ke CHEN An CAI Ting CAI Bao-chang School of Pharmacy Nanjing University of Chinese MedicineNanjing 210046China School of Pharmacy China Pharmaceutical UniversityNanjing 210009China Nanjing Haichang Chinese Medicine Group Corporation Nanjing 210061China

In the present study,liquiritigenin-phospholipid complex(LPC)was developed and evaluated to increase the oral bioavailability of liquiritigenin.A single-factor test methodology was applied to optimize the formulation and process for preparing *** effects of solvent,drug concentration,reaction time,temperature and drug-to-phospholipid ratio on encapsulation efficiency were *** were characterized by UV-visible spectroscopy,differential scanning calorimetry(DSC),fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR),and powder X-ray diffractometry(PXRD).The apparent solubility and n-octanol/water partition coefficient were *** pharmacokinetic characteristics and bioavailability of the LPC were investigated after oral administration in rats in comparison with liquiritigenin *** LPC was successfully *** optimum level of various parameters for liquiritigeninphospholipid complex was obtained at the drug concentration of 8 mg·mL-1,reaction time for 15 min,reaction temperature of 30℃,a ratio of 1∶4.5(W/W)drug-to-phospholipid and anhydrous ethanol as reaction *** to liquiritigenin,the AUC0-t of the LPC was increased by 239%.The liquiritigenin-phospholipid complex significantly increase the lipid solubility and bioavailability of liquiritigenin,suggesting that it is an effective formulation for further development and clinical applications.

关键词： Liquiritigenin Liquiritigenin-phospholipid complex Solubility Characterization Cioavailability

基于DoseResp模型的角蛋白酶发酵策略研究及其在血栓降解中的应用

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微生物学报 2024年第9期64卷 3330-3344页

作者：刘燕凌苏畅龚劲松陈玉新李恒许正宏史劲松江南大学生命科学与健康工程学院江苏无锡214122 江南大学粮食发酵与食品生物制造国家工程研究中心江苏无锡214122 四川大学轻工科学与工程学院四川成都610065

【目的】角蛋白酶是一类具有高效降解角蛋白纤维特性的丝氨酸蛋白酶,角蛋白酶的高效工业化生产有利于促进其在制革、纺织、饲料、肥料、日化、医疗等领域的广泛应用。本研究以课题组前期自主构建的重组角蛋白酶工程菌枯草芽孢杆菌(Bacil... 详细信息

【目的】角蛋白酶是一类具有高效降解角蛋白纤维特性的丝氨酸蛋白酶,角蛋白酶的高效工业化生产有利于促进其在制革、纺织、饲料、肥料、日化、医疗等领域的广泛应用。本研究以课题组前期自主构建的重组角蛋白酶工程菌枯草芽孢杆菌(Bacillus subtilis)WB600-pMA5-KerBv为研究对象,通过系统的发酵优化提升工程菌的产酶能力,并创新探究角蛋白酶在降解血栓纤维蛋白中的应用潜力。【方法】通过单因素试验确定发酵培养基成分,随后借助响应面分析方法优化产角蛋白酶的发酵培养基,确定对菌体生长和产酶具有显著影响的因素及最优浓度。基于DoseResp模型通过预测菌种最佳生长点指导其在5 L发酵罐水平的扩大产酶。最后通过血栓以及纤维蛋白原降解试验探究角蛋白酶对血栓纤维蛋白的降解能力。【结果】经优化确定重组菌产角蛋白酶的最佳发酵培养基为(g/L):葡萄糖25.0,酵母粉25.0,豆粕15.0,磷酸氢二钾14.04,磷酸二氢钾2.58,氯化镁0.3;基于DoseResp模型通过预测菌种最佳生长点指导5 L发酵罐水平扩大生产,在优化条件下,细菌浓度OD600从摇瓶的2.45提高至77.80,酶活从摇瓶的4471 U/mL升至21301.67 U/mL,提高约4.76倍。该角蛋白酶对纤维蛋白原以及血液凝块均表现出显著的降解能力。【结论】本研究通过系统的发酵优化以及基于模型预测的罐上产酶研究,有效提高了角蛋白酶在枯草芽孢杆菌中的发酵产量,并为该酶在血栓降解领域的应用提供了研究基础,同时拓展了角蛋白酶的应用价值。

关键词：角蛋白酶培养基发酵条件优化纤维蛋白原降解

Lake water storage change estimation and its linkage with terrestrial water storage change in the northeastern Tibetan Plateau

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Journal of Mountain Science 2021年第7期18卷 1737-1747页

作者： LI Ya-wei WANG Yu-zhe xu Min KANG shi-chang Key Laboratory of Tibetan Environment changes and Land Surface Processes Institute of Tibetan Plateau ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100039China State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Science Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and ResourcesChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000China CAS Centre for Excellence in Tibetan Plateau Earth Sciences Beijing 100101China

Tibetan Plateau(TP) lakes are important water resources,which are experiencing quick expansion in recent *** researches mainly focus on analyzing the relationship between terrestrial water storage(TWS) change and lake water storage(LWS) change in the total inner TP,it is still lack of researches about the spatial difference and the characteristic of sub-region in the inner *** this study,we estimated the area change of 34 lakes by using Landsat images in the northeastern TP during 1976–2013,and LWS change by using the Shuttle Radar Topography Mission(SRTM).The results suggested that LWS had shrunk from 1976 to 1994,and then expanded quickly until *** had a serious decrease by 13.6 Gt during 1976–1994,and then it increased quickly by 35.4 Gt during 1994–*** estimated TWS change,soil moisture change,and permafrost degradation based on the satellite data and related models during 2003–*** results indicated that their changing rates were 1.86 Gt/y,0.22 Gt/y,and –0.19 Gt/y,*** also calculated the change of groundwater based on the mass balance with a decreasing trend of –0.054 Gt/*** results suggested that the cause of TWS change was the increase of *** analyzed the cause of lake change according to water balance,and found that the primary cause of lake expansion was the increasing precipitation(80.7%),followed by glacier meltwater(10.3%) and permafrost degradation(9%).The spatial difference between LWS change and TWS change should be studied further,which is important to understand the driving mechanism of water resources change.

关键词： Lake expansion GRACE Water storage change Precipitation Glacier meltwater

基于OOB-BO-LightGBM的风电机组故障诊断方法

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中国测试 2024年第4期50卷 83-89页

作者：张航史兆培束垠张子瑞宋志强许昌中国三峡新能源(集团)股份有限公司北京101100 河海大学能源与电气学院江苏南京211100

随着风电机组大规模的并网运行,风电机组的故障诊断逐渐成为行业的研究热点。风电机组故障的及时发现与处理,能够保障机组的安全稳定运行,提升风电场经济效益。通过SCADA运行数据进行风电机组故障诊断是一种重要的故障诊断诊断方式,文... 详细信息

随着风电机组大规模的并网运行,风电机组的故障诊断逐渐成为行业的研究热点。风电机组故障的及时发现与处理,能够保障机组的安全稳定运行,提升风电场经济效益。通过SCADA运行数据进行风电机组故障诊断是一种重要的故障诊断诊断方式,文章从故障诊断的特征提取及故障诊断模型构建角度出发,提出应用随机森林袋外估计(OOB)进行特征选择的特征提取方法和改进参数优化机器学习算法(BO-LightGBM)的风电机组故障诊断模型,提高基于数据驱动的风电机组故障预测的精度。通过风电场实际运行数据对所提故障诊断方法进行验证,结果证明该模型对于不同类型的故障均有92%以上的预测准确性,表明该模型对风电机组故障诊断具有较好的适用性。

关键词：风电机组故障诊断机器学习特征提取贝叶斯优化

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喷涂粉末对CoNiCrAlY涂层组织和性能的影响

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材料研究学报 2024年第5期38卷 347-355页

作者：张甲高明浩栾胜家徐娜常辉邓予婷侯万良常新春中国科学院金属研究所、师昌绪先进材料创新中心沈阳110016

用气雾化(GA)和水雾化(WA)工艺制备CoNiCrAlY粉末并测定其流动性和松装密度,将其作为初始粉末用超音速火焰喷涂工艺制备CoNiCrAlY涂层并进行真空热处理,采用XRD分析物相、用金相显微镜和扫描电镜分析显微结构和用万能试验机测试涂层的... 详细信息

用气雾化(GA)和水雾化(WA)工艺制备CoNiCrAlY粉末并测定其流动性和松装密度,将其作为初始粉末用超音速火焰喷涂工艺制备CoNiCrAlY涂层并进行真空热处理,采用XRD分析物相、用金相显微镜和扫描电镜分析显微结构和用万能试验机测试涂层的结合强度。结果表明,与WA相比,用GA制备的CoNiCrAlY粉末为球形或近球形,流动性好、松装密度大,制备的涂层结构致密均匀,β相含量高,孔隙率低,结合强度和硬度高。真空热处理后的两种涂层中粒子明显融合,β相的含量提高且分布更为均匀,孔隙率降低,硬度降低。真空热处理使WA涂层的结合强度提高,但是涂层内仍有较大的孔隙。真空热处理态的GA涂层,其抗氧化性能优异。

关键词：材料表面与界面 GA WA CoNiCrAlY粉末 HVOF涂层真空热处理组织结构性能

Synthesis and Crystal Structure of a Three-dimensional Cd(II) Coordination Polymer [Cd(μ_(1,3)-SCN)(μ_3-pco)]_n(pco=Pyrazine-2-carboxylate 4-oxide Anion)

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Chinese Journal of Structural Chemistry 2006年第8期25卷 937-939页

作者： shi Jing-Min xu Hong-Kun WU chang-Ju LIU Lian-Dong Department of Chemistry Shandong Normal University Jinan 250014 China

The three-dimensional complex [Cd（μ1,3-SCN）（μ3-pco）]n has been synthesized with μ1,3-SCN^- and pco as mixed bridged ligands. The crystal belongs to monoclinic, space group P21/n with a = 10.3777（16）, b = 6.2592（9）, c = 13.150（2） A, β= 97.317（2）°, V= 847.2（2） A^3, Z= 4, C6H3CdN3O3S, Mr = 309.575, Dc = 2.427 g/cm^3, F（000） = 592 and μ = 2.804 mm^-1. The structure was refined to R = 0.0255 and wR = 0.0550 for 1712 observed reflections （1 〉 2σ（I））. In the crystal the Cd（Ⅱ） ions are coordinated by μ1,3-SCN^- and μ3-pco bridge ligands to form a three-dimensional structure.

关键词： synthesis crystal structure cadmium(Ⅱ) complex thiocyanate aromatic N-oxide