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Electroless copper plating using dimethylamine borane as reductant

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Particuology 2012年第4期10卷 487-491页

作者： Yong Liao shengtao zhang Robert Dryfe College of Chemistry&Chemical Engineering University of ChongqingChongqing 400044China School of Chemistry The University of ManchesterManchester M139PLUK

Electroless copper plating was studied using dimethylamine borane （DMAB） as reductant and 1,5,8,12- tetraazadodecane as additive and triethanolamine （TEA） as buffer. The effects of pH, temperature and concentrations of reactants and additives on the anodic oxidation of DMAB and the cathodic reduction of copper ion were investigated. Experimental results indicate that high pH values （10-12.5） promote the oxidation of DMAB, and suppress the reduction of the copper ion, while high bath temperatures （55-70℃） accelerate both anodic oxidation and cathodic reduction. Increase of the Cu2＋and DMAB concentrations can improve the deposition rate of copper plating. Results for a dual-chelating-agent system indicate that 1,5,8,12-tetraazadodecane plays an important role in chelation, while the main effect of TEA is adsorption on copper surfaces to inhibit DMAB oxidation and to promote deposition.

关键词： Electroless copper platingDMABPolarizationAnodic oxidationCathodic reduction

The mechanisms of enhanced thickness-dependent DC breakdown strength of EP/MWCNTs nanocomposites

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High Voltage 2024年第2期9卷 440-452页

作者： Zhen Li He Gao Longfei zhang Shouming Wang Ji Liu shengtao Li Key Laboratory of Engineering Dielectrics and Its Application Ministry of EducationHarbin University of Science and TechnologyHarbinChina State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anChina

Owing to advanced power electronic and electrical applications developing towards miniaturisation and integration,the thickness-dependent DC breakdown mechanism of epoxy/multiwall-carbon-nanotube nanocomposites is under *** results indicate that the breakdown strength of nanocomposites containing 0.05 wt%multiwall-carbon-nanotubes rises by~18%,and the breakdown strength falls exponentially with increasing *** clarify the microscopic mechanism,a simulation model of DC breakdown,including carriers transport and segmental dynamics,is developed,and the accordant simulation results with experimental results indicate that the thickness-dependent DC breakdown of epoxy/multiwall-carbon-nanotube nanocomposites is determined both by segment chain dynamics and charge *** to the breakdown model analysis,the effects of multiwall-carbon-nanotube on enhanced breakdown strength are caused by the increased amount of deep traps in the interfacial region,while the influence of thickness is attributed to the enlarged segment chain displacement and electric field distortion as the voltage raising time increases.

关键词： strength breakdown nanocomposites

Novel concept of nano-additive design:PTFE@silica Janus nanoparticles for water lubrication

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Friction 2024年第2期12卷 258-270页

作者： Yanfei LIU Hailing HE Meng YANG Ruize zhang shengtao YU Tiantian YANG Wenzhong WANG Fuxin LIANG School of Mechanical Engineering Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China Institute of Polymer Science&Engineering Department of Chemical EngineeringTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics Center for Plant BiologySchool of Life SciencesTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences Beijing 100084China College of Biological Sciences China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China

Polytetrafluoroethylene(PTFE)has been widely used as a lubrication additive for reducing friction and wear;however,the hydrophobic nature of PTFE restricts its application in eco-friendly water-based lubrication *** this study,for the first time,we designed novel PTFE@silica Janus nanoparticles(JNs)to meet the requirement for additives in water-based lubricants,which have excellent dispersion stability in water attributed to the unique amphiphilic *** introducing the lubrication of the aqueous dispersion of the JNs with a concentration of 0.5 wt%,the coefficient of friction(COF)and wear volume were reduced by 63.8%and 94.2%,respectively,comparing to those with the lubrication of pure ***,the JNs suspension also exhibits better lubrication and wear-resistance performances comparing to commercial silica and PTFE *** excellent tribological behaviors of PTFE@silica JNs as nano-additives could be attributed to the synergetic effect of the two components,where the PTFE provided lubrication through the formed tribofilms on the friction pairs,and the rigid silica further enhanced the wear-resistance *** importantly,the unique structure of JNs makes it possible to use PTFE as an additive in water-lubrication *** study shed light on the design and application of novel JNs nanomaterials as additives to meet the requirements of future industrial applications.

关键词： Janus nanoparticles(JNs) polytetrafluoroethylene(PTFE) nano-additives friction lubrication

Predicting dynamic compressive strength of frozen-thawed rocks by characteristic impedance and data-driven methods

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2024年第7期16卷 2591-2606页

作者： shengtao Zhou Zong-Xian zhang Xuedong Luo Yifan Huang Zhi Yu Xiaowei Yang Faculty of Engineering China University of GeosciencesWuhan430074China Oulu Mining School University of OuluOulu90570Finland Zijin School of Geology and Mining Fuzhou UniversityFuzhou350116China Department of Earth Science&Engineering Imperial College LondonLondonSW72AZUK

In cold regions,the dynamic compressive strength(DCS)of rock damaged by freeze-thaw weathering significantly influences the stability of rock ***,testing the dynamic strength under freeze-thaw weathering conditions is often both time-consuming and ***,this study considers the effect of characteristic impedance on DCS and aims to quickly determine the DCS of frozen-thawed rocks through the application of machine-learning ***,a database of DCS for frozen-thawed rocks,comprising 216 rock specimens,was *** external load parameters(freeze-thaw cycle number,confining pressure,and impact pressure)and two rock parameters(characteristic impedance and porosity)were selected as input variables,with DCS as the predicted *** research optimized the kernel scale,penalty factor,and insensitive loss coefficient of the support vector regression(SVR)model using five swarm intelligent optimization algorithms,leading to the development of five hybrid *** addition,a statistical DCS prediction equation using multiple linear regression techniques was *** performance of the prediction models was comprehensively evaluated using two error indexes and two trend indexes.A sensitivity analysis based on the cosine amplitude method has also been *** results demonstrate that the proposed hybrid SVR-based models consistently provided accurate DCS *** these models,the SVR model optimized with the chameleon swarm algorithm exhibited the best performance,with metrics indicating its effectiveness,including root mean square error(RMSE)?3.9675,mean absolute error(MAE)?2.9673,coefficient of determination(R2)?0.98631,and variance accounted for(VAF)?*** suggests that the chameleon swarm algorithm yielded the most optimal results for enhancing SVR ***,impact pressure and characteristic impedance emerged as the two most influential parameters in DCS *** research is ant

关键词： Freeze-thaw cycle Characteristic impedance Dynamic compressive strength Machine learning Support vector regression

Atmospheric VOCs in an industrial coking facility and the surrounding area:Characteristics,spatial distribution and source apportionment

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第4期138卷 660-670页

作者： Meicheng Wen Weiqiang Deng Jin Huang Shu zhang Qinhao Lin ChaoWang shengtao Ma Wanjun Wang Xin zhang Guiying Li Taicheng An Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Contaminants Exposure and Health Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk ControlInstitute of Environmental Health and Pollution controlGuangdong University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510006China Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Photocatalytic Technology Integration and Equipment Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Pollution ControlSchool of Environmental Science and EngineeringGuangdong University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510006China Institute of Environmental Science Shanxi UniversityTaiyuan 030006China

Industrial coking facilities are an important emission source for volatile organic compounds(VOCs).This study analyzed the atmospheric VOC characteristics within an industrial coking facility and its surrounding *** concentrations of total VOCs(TVOCs)in the surrounding residential activity areas(R1 and R2),the coking facility(CF)and the control area(CA)were determined to be 138.5,47.8,550.0,and 15.0μg/m^(3),*** cold drum process and coking and quenching areas within the coking facility were identified as the main polluting *** spatial variation in VOCs composition was analyzed,showing that VOCs in the coking facility and surrounding areas were mainly dominated by aromatic compounds such as BTX(benzene,toluene,and xylenes)and naphthalene,with concentrations being negatively correlated with the distance from the coking facility(p<0.01).The sources of VOCs in different functional areas across the monitoring area were analyzed,finding that coking emissions accounted for 73.5%,33.3% and 27.7% of TVOCs in CF,R1 and R2,*** results demonstrated that coking emissions had a significant impact on VOC concentrations in the areas surrounding coking *** study evaluates the spatial variation in exposure to VOCs,providing important information for the influence of VOCs concentration posed by coking facility to surrounding residents and the development of strategies for VOC abatement.

关键词： Coking facility Volatile organic compounds Emission inventory Spatial distribution Source apportionment

Modifiable risk factors for esophageal cancer in endoscopic screening population:A modeling study

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Chinese Medical Journal 2024年第3期137卷 350-352页

作者： Qian zhang Fan Wang Hao Feng Jie Xing shengtao Zhu Hao zhang Yang Li Wenqiang Wei Shutian zhang Department of Gastroenterology Beijing Friendship HospitalCapital Medical UniversityNational Clinical Research Center for Digestive DiseaseBeijing Digestive Disease CenterBeijing Key Laboratory for Precancerous Lesion of Digestive DiseaseBeijing 100050China Center for Applied Statistics and School of Statistics Renmin University of ChinaBeijing 100872China Statistical Consulting Center Renmin University of ChinaBeijing 100872China National Cancer Center National Clinical Research Center for CancerCancer InstituteChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100021China Peking Union Medical College Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100730China Department of Gastroenterology Jizhong Energy Fengfeng Group HospitalHandanHebei 056000China RSS and China-Re Life Joint Lab on Public Health and Risk Management Renmin University of ChinaBeijing 100872China

To the Editor:Esophageal cancer,one of the most common cancer types in China,with an estimated 346,633 new cases and 323,600 deaths in 2022,is becoming an increasingly serious clinical and public health problem.^([1])The successful promotion of the self-management strategy has indicated that lifestyle modifications can be valuable in the primary prevention of cancer *** a healthy lifestyle has become a novel strategy for primary prevention and risk reduction in high-risk *** epidemiological studies have identified several lifestyle-related risk factors for esophageal cancer,including smoking and diet.^([2])Each factor can typically explain a modest proportion of cancer ***,when combined,these known risk factors may substantially affect the risk of esophageal ***,some risk factors for esophageal cancer are non-modifiable,including age,low socioeconomic status,and family *** and how these non-modifiable risk factors affect primary cancer prevention by intervening with modifiable risk factors remain unclear.

关键词： esophageal prevention promotion

Numerical Study of Flow Features Around Submerged Circular and Square Piles at Flat and Scoured Beds Using OpenFOAM

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Journal of Ocean University of China 2024年第4期23卷 897-914页

作者： WANG Chaolin WU Guoxiang WANG Dianhe DU shengtao zhang Zhiyong JIN Heng ZHU David Z. LIANG Bingchen Donghai Academy School of Civil&Environmental Engineering and Geography ScienceNingbo UniversityNingbo 315211China Key Laboratory of Estuary and Coast of Zhejiang Province and Zhejiang Institute of Hydraulics and EstuaryHangzhou 310020China Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ocean Engineering and College of EngineeringOcean University of ChinaQingdao 266100China Shandong Water Conservancy Vocational College Rizhao 276826China School of Mechanical and Energy Engineering Ningbotech UniversityNingbo 315211China

Elucidating the flow features around piles in local scouring processes is crucial for studies of local scouring mechanisms and scour depth *** study details the flow turbulence characteristics of two submerged piles that are determined by solving the Navier-Stokes equations with the improved delayed detached eddy simulation *** model is verified by comparing experimental and numerical results for hydrodynamic parameters with the literature for both square-crossing piles(SCPs)and circular-crossing piles(CCPs).Original topographies of flat and scoured beds(i.e.,the initial and equilibrium scouring stages)are based on experimental results obtained by the authors in the present *** and CCP flow features in the scouring process are *** results indicate that during the scouring process,the time-averaged drag coefficient and root mean square(rms)of the lift coefficient increase linearly in the CCP test,while the rms of the lift coefficient in the SCP test decreases ***,the minimum pressure coefficient is always located in the upstream corners in the SCP case but moves from 72.5°to 79.5°when the scour hole is completely developed in the CCP *** flow behind the pile,which is generated by separated boundary layers above the top face of the pile,can reach the sand bed and turn the separated shear layers into patches of small vortices in the near-wake ***,the high shear stress zones are mainly at the scour edges under scoured-bed conditions.

关键词： flat bed scoured bed local scour OpenFOAM bed shear stress

Shock tube study of kerosene ignition delay at high pressures

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2012年第6期55卷 947-954页

作者： LIANG JinHu WANG Su HU HongHao zhang shengtao FAN BingCheng CUI JiPing College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Chongqing UniversityChongqing 400044China State Key Laboratory of High Temperature Gas Dynamics Institute of MechanicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China

Ignition delay times of China No.3 aviation kerosene were measured behind reflected shock waves using a heated high-pressure shock *** conditions covered a wider temperature range of 820-1500 K,at pressures of 5.5,11 and 22 atm,equivalence ratios of 0.5,1.0 and 1.5,and oxygen concentration of 20%.Adsorption of kerosene on the shock tube wall was taken into *** delay times were determined from the onset of the excited radical OH emission in conjunction with the pressure *** experimental results of ignition delay time were correlated with the equations:11 0.22 1.09 2 3.2 10 [Keros ene ] [O2] exp(69941 RT) and 7 0.88 0.23 4.72 10 P exp(62092 RT).The current measurements provide the ignition delay behavior of China No.3 aviation kerosene at high pressures and air-like O2 concentration.

关键词：点火延迟时间航空煤油高压力激波管延时实验条件氧气浓度温度范围

The genomic and immunogenomic landscape of mechanics pathway informs clinical prognosis and response to mechanotherapy

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2024年第8期67卷 1549-1562页

作者： Peidong zhang Peiwei Li Muya Tang Ryan CGimple Liang Huang Jing Yue Qiuhong Shen Yiwei Du Qian zhang Zhengnan Yang Haihuai He Kailin Yang Linjie Zhao shengtao Zhou Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children of MOEState Key Laboratory of BiotherapyWest China Second HospitalSichuan University and Collaborative Innovation CenterChengdu 610041China Physician Scientist Training Program Department of MedicineWashington University School of MedicineSt.Louis 63110USA Department of Neurosurgery State Key Laboratory of BiotherapyWest China HospitalSichuan University and Collaborative Innovation CenterChengdu 610041China Department of Radiation Oncology Taussig Cancer CenterCleveland ClinicCleveland 44106USA

Mechanics shape cell and tissue plasticity and maintain their *** cancers,mechanical signals regulate cancer hallmarks via mechanotransduction pathways,such as proliferation,metastasis and metabolic ***,comprehensive characterization of mechanotransduction pathway genes and their clinical relevance across different cancer types remains ***,we systematically portrayed the alterations of mechanotransduction pathway genes across 31 cancer types using The Cancer Genome Atlas(TCGA)*** the cancer types could be categorized into 6 subtypes based upon the transcriptional pattern of mechanics pathway *** subtype has its own unique molecular expression pattern,mutation landscapes,immune infiltrates,and patient clinical *** further found that the responses of two subtypes of cancers,one with the optimal outcome and the other with the worst prognosis,to a classical mechanotherapeutic agent(Fasudil,RhoA/ROCK inhibitor)were totally different,indicating that our cancer stratification system based upon mechanotransduction pathway genes could inform clinical responses of patients to mechanotherapeutic ***,our study provides a novel pan-cancer landscape of the mechanotransduction pathways and underscores its potential clinical significance in the prediction of clinical prognosis and therapeutic responses to mechanotherapy among cancer patients.

关键词： pan-cancer cancer mechanics multi-omics immunology