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Return to the Moon:New perspectives on lunar exploration

Science Bulletin 2024年第13期69卷 2136-2148页

作者： Yangting Lin Wei Yang Hui Zhang Hejiu Hui Sen Hu Long Xiao Jianzhong Liu Zhiyong Xiao Zongyu Yue Jinhai Zhang Yang Liu Jing Yang Honglei Lin Aicheng Zhang Dijun Guo sheng gou Lin Xu Yuyang He Xianguo Zhang Liping Qin Zongcheng Ling Xiongyao Li Aimin Du Huaiyu He Peng Zhang Jinbin Cao Xianhua Li Key Laboratory of Earth and Planetary Physics Institute of Geology and GeophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China State Key Laboratory for Mineral Deposits Research and School of Earth Sciences and Engineering Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210023China State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources School of Earth SciencesChina University of GeosciencesWuhan 430074China Institute of Geochemistry Chinese Academy of SciencesGuiyang 550002China Planetary Environmental and Astrobiological Research Laboratory School of Atmospheric SciencesSun Yat-sen UniversityZhuhai 519082China National Space Science Center Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China Deep Space Exploration Laboratory/CAS Key Laboratory of Crust-Mantle Materials and Environments University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Shandong Key Laboratory of Optical Astronomy and Solar-Terrestrial Environment Institute of Space SciencesShandong UniversityWeihai 264209China Technology and Engineering Center for Space Utilization Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100094China School of Space and Environment Beihang UniversityBeijing 100191China

Lunar exploration is deemed crucial for uncovering the origins of the Earth-Moon system and is the first step for advancing humanity’s exploration of deep *** the past decade,the Chinese Lunar Exploration Program(CLEP),also known as the Chang’e(CE)Project,has achieved remarkable *** has successfully developed and demonstrated the engineering capability required to reach and return from the lunar ***,the CE Project has made historic firsts with the landing and on-site exploration of the far side of the Moon,along with the collection of the youngest volcanic samples from the Procellarum KREEP *** achievements have significantly enhanced our understanding of lunar *** on this success,China has proposed an ambitious crewed lunar exploration strategy,aiming to return to the Moon for scientific exploration and *** plan encompasses two primary phases:the first crewed lunar landing and exploration,followed by a thousand-kilometer scale scientific expedition to construct a geological cross-section across the lunar *** the limitations of current lunar exploration efforts and China’s engineering and technical capabilities,this paper explores the benefits of crewed lunar exploration while leveraging synergies with robotic *** study refines fundamental lunar scientific questions that could lead to significant breakthroughs,considering the respective engineering and technological *** research lays a crucial foundation for defining the objectives of future lunar exploration,emphasizing the importance of crewed missions and offering insights into potential advancements in lunar science.

关键词： Crewed lunar exploration Water and volatiles Composition and structure of lunar interior Volcanic activity and evolution of lunar mantle Space weathering and radiation environments Exploration technology

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Progresses and prospects of impact crater studies

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Science China Earth Sciences 2023年第11期66卷 2441-2451页

作者： Zongyu YUE Ke SHI Kaichang DI Yangting LIN sheng gou Key Laboratory of Earth and Planetary Physics Institute of Geology and GeophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science Aerospace Information Research InstituteChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China CAS Center for Excellence in Comparative Planetology Hefei 230026China

Crater is a geologic structure in solid bodies(including the terrestrial planets, moons, and asteroids) formed by hyperspeed impact, and the impact process is extremely important to the formation and evolution of these celestial bodies. This paper presents a review of the studies on remote sensing observation, formation mechanism, and scientific application of craters. On the remote sensing study of craters, the topographic characteristics of the micro-craters, simple craters, complex craters, and impact basins are described,the related parameters in the morphological studies of craters are subsequently introduced, and the distribution characteristics of the minerals and rock types during the impact excavation process are analyzed,the methods of crater identification and the crater databases on the Moon, Mars, Ceres, and Vesta are summarized. On the studies of crater formation mechanism, the general formation process of the craters is firstly described, and then the most frequently used methods are presented, and the importance of the empirical equations is also elucidated. On the scientific applications of the craters, the principle and currently utilization of the planetary surface dating method with crater size-frequency distribution are firstly presented, and the applications, including modeling the lunar regolith formation and thickness derivation of both the regolith and basalt, are reviewed. Finally, the future prospects of the formation mechanism study of the craters are discussed.

关键词： Planets Impact craters Remote sensing observations Numerical simulation Dating with crater size-frequency distribution

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Mineralogical evidence of water activity in the northern lowlands of Mars based on inflight-calibrated spectra from the Zhurong rover

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Science China Earth Sciences 2023年第11期66卷 2463-2472页

作者： Honglei LIN Yangting LIN Yong WEI sheng gou Chi ZHANG Renhao RUAN Yongxin PAN Key Laboratory of Earth and Planetary Physics Institute of Geology and GeophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China

Hydrated minerals provide direct indications of the early Martian water environment. The various clay minerals and evaporite salts found to date are mainly exposed in the ancient southern highlands of Mars. While it is believed that the area of the northern lowlands could have hosted a global ocean in the past, its surface is covered with a layer of spectrally nonabsorbing materials, and orbital hyperspectral remote sensing has found only sparse evidence for the presence of water. China's first Mars exploration mission, Tianwen-1, landed in the putative ancient shoreline zone of the northern lowlands of Mars. Its rover,Zhurong, conducted high-spatial-resolution reconnaissance to reveal the geological and environmental evolution of this *** to frequent dust storms, not only is the Martian surface covered with dust, but also the spectral calibration panels on the rover are affected by dust coverage. Data from the shortwave infrared(SWIR) spectrometer onboard the rover are also affected by other environmental factors such as instrumental temperature changes and atmospheric carbon dioxide absorption. This study recalibrated the in situ SWIR data to minimize the impact of the above factors. The recalibrated spectral data show that the reflectance of the landing area falls within the normal range of Martian soil, and confirm the presence of several important absorption peaks. The absorption characteristics indicate the presence of polyhydrated sulfates, gypsum, and hydrated silicates in the surface materials along the rover track, with sulfate content of <27–39 wt.%. Our results further confirm past activity of liquid water in the Zhurong rover landing area, providing mineralogical evidence supporting hypotheses related to underground water or an ancient shoreline.

关键词： Mars Water activity In-situ exploration Short-wave infrared spectrum Zhurong rover

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Mineral abundances and different levels of alteration around Mawrth Vallis,Mars

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Geoscience Frontiers 2015年第5期6卷 741-758页

作者： sheng gou Zongyu Yue Kaichang Di Jinnian Wang State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science.Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth Chinese Academy of Sciences

Spectral indices from OMEGA hyperspectral data show that there are two main phyllosilicates exposed in and around Mawrth Vallis:Al phyllosilicates and Fe/Mg *** analysis of CRISM spectra shows that Al phyllosilicates such as montmorillonite,hydrated silica,kaolinite;Fe/Mg phyllosilicates such as nontronite,saponite,serpentine are widespread on the light-toned *** similar stratigraphical sequences,morphologies and textures are observed on both sides of Mawrth Vallis from HiRISE images,suggesting that the geological processes that formed these units must have operated at a regional scale;the multiple endmember spectral mixture analysis(MESMA) derived mineral abundance indicates that there is a higher level of alteration in the western side relative to the eastern *** suggest that the observed phyllosilicates,stratigraphical sequences and different levels of alteration might have been caused by sedimentary deposition processes in which the composition of the external source sediment or the local solution was different,or by a pedogenic process closely related to the leaching of abundant liquid water with different chemical properties.

关键词： Spectral analysis MESMA Mineral abundance Alterati

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Geospatial technologies for Chang’e-3 and Chang’e-4 lunar rover missions

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Geo-Spatial Information Science 2020年第1期23卷 87-97页

作者： Kaichang Di Zhaoqin Liu Wenhui Wan Man Peng Bin Liu Yexin Wang sheng gou Zongyu Yue State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital EarthChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina

This paper presents a brief overview of the geospatial technologies developed and applied in Chang’e-3 and Chang’e-4 lunar rover *** mapping techniques were used to produce topographic products of the landing site with meter level resolution using orbital images before landing,and to produce centimeter-resolution topographic products in near real-time after *** positioning techniques were used to determine the locations of the two landers using descent images and orbital basemaps immediately after *** surface operations,visual-positioning-based rover localization was performed routinely at each waypoint using Navcam *** topographic analysis and rover localization results directly supported waypoint-to-waypoint path planning,science target selection and scientific investigations.A GIS-based digital cartography system was also developed to support rover teleoperation.

关键词： Geospatial technology lunar rover landing site mapping topographic analysis rover localization and navigation

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耐热阻燃透明PMMA浇铸板材料制备及阻燃性能研究

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高分子通报 2022年第10期 63-73页

作者：田统帅刘够生南昌大学化学化工学院南昌330029

将磷酸三(2,3-二氯丙基)酯(TDCPP)与多聚磷酸(PPA)复配成新的复合阻燃剂,并用于聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(PMMA)材料阻燃。使用极限氧指数(LOI)、UL-94测试、锥型量热测试(CCT)研究材料阻燃性能和燃烧行为,使用TG-FTIR和FTIR对阻燃材料在热降解... 详细信息

将磷酸三(2,3-二氯丙基)酯(TDCPP)与多聚磷酸(PPA)复配成新的复合阻燃剂,并用于聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(PMMA)材料阻燃。使用极限氧指数(LOI)、UL-94测试、锥型量热测试(CCT)研究材料阻燃性能和燃烧行为,使用TG-FTIR和FTIR对阻燃材料在热降解过程中气相产物和凝固相残渣结构进行分析,并推测复配阻燃剂在PMMA材料中的阻燃机理。研究结果表明,当复配阻燃剂添加量为18%时(TDCPP与PPA质量比为5∶1),阻燃PMMA材料的LOI值为27.1%,并能通过UL-94测试V-0级别,同时材料具有优异的耐热性能和物理性能。此方法制备的PMMA浇铸板材料已实现工业化生产。

关键词：聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯磷酸酯复配阻燃

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Kinetics and FTIR characteristics of the pyrolysis process of poplar wood

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Forestry Studies in China 2013年第1期15卷 70-75页

作者： Wen-Liang WANG Xue-Yong REN Yan-Zhe CHE Jian-Min CHANG Jin-sheng gou College of Materials Science and Technology Beijing Forestry University

The pyrolysis characteristics of residues of poplar （Populus sp.） wood were investigated using a thermogravimetric analyzer coupled with a Fourier transform infrared （TG-FTIR） spectrometer. The pyrolysis process was sub- divided into four stages at a rate of 10℃.min-1, varying from 30 to 650℃. Below 180℃, a mass loss occurred for drying and preheating the sample and the onset temperature of pyrolysis ranged between 180-260℃. A significant mass loss 3f 61.4 wt.% occurred between 260-380℃, followed by a slow and continuous mass change with lignin devolatilization. The analysis of kinetic reactions showed that the activation energy （78.29 ***-1） in the low-temperature section was much larger than that （6.40 kJ-mol-1） in the high-temperature section. The evolved gases formed by thermal degradation 3f poplar wood were simultaneously analyzed by FTIR. It was observed from the main peaks that the emissions evolved during poplar wood pyrolysis were acetic acid, carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, methane, water, some volatile com- 3ounds of esters, alcohols and aldehydes. The emissions gradually increased with rising temperatures before a strong 3eak around 360℃ and then decreased. Most gaseous products were emitted in the 320-380℃ range, while CO2 was =ontinuously emitted in a wide range from 140-550℃.

关键词： poplar wood pyrolysis TG-FTIR kinetics characteristics

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高黏高弹沥青混凝土在柔性桥面施工中的应用

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四川水力发电 2022年第6期41卷 40-43,47页

作者：徐池苟圣中国水利水电第七工程局有限公司四川成都610213

为解决改性沥青混合料SMA-13作为刚性桥面层黏结性不强、弹性恢复不足等常见质量通病,从沥青、碎石等原材料的选择着手,总结出黏结基面处理要求、黏结层做法、混合料摊铺等几个关键控制点,制定了相应的解决办法并予以实施,解决了柔性桥... 详细信息

为解决改性沥青混合料SMA-13作为刚性桥面层黏结性不强、弹性恢复不足等常见质量通病,从沥青、碎石等原材料的选择着手,总结出黏结基面处理要求、黏结层做法、混合料摊铺等几个关键控制点,制定了相应的解决办法并予以实施,解决了柔性桥面沥青混凝土摊铺出现的质量问题。

关键词： SMA-13 高黏高弹改性沥青柔性桥面黏结力云龙湾大桥

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Correlation between Combined Urinary Metal Exposure and Grip Strength under Three Statistical Models:A Cross-sectional Study in Rural Guangxi

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2024年第1期37卷 3-18页

作者： LIANG Yu Jian RONG Jia Hui WANG Xue Xiu CAI Jian sheng QIN Li Dong LIU Qiu Mei TANG Xu MO Xiao Ting WEI Yan Fei LIN Yin Xia HUANG Shen Xiang LUO Ting Yu gou Ruo Yu CAO Jie Jing HUANG Chu Wu LU Yu Fu QIN Jian ZHANG Zhi Yong Department of Environmental and Occupational Health School of Public HealthGuangxi Medical UniversityNanning 530021GuangxiChina Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunology and Microenvironmental Regulation Guilin Medical UniversityGuilin 541199GuangxiChina Department of Environmental Health and Occupational Medicine School of Public HealthGuilin Medical UniversityGuilin 541199GuangxiChina Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Highly Prevalent Diseases Guangxi Medical UniversityNanning 530021GuangxiChina Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environment and Health Research Guangxi Medical UniversityNanning 530021GuangxiChina Key Laboratory of Longevity and Aging-related Diseases of Chinese Ministry of Education Guangxi Medical UniversityNanning 530021GuangxiChina Guangxi Health Commission Key Laboratory of Entire Lifecycle Health and Care Guilin Medical UniversityGuilin 541199GuangxiChina

Objective This study aimed to investigate the potential relationship between urinary metals copper(Cu),arsenic(As),strontium(Sr),barium(Ba),iron(Fe),lead(Pb)and manganese(Mn)and grip *** We used linear regression models,quantile g-computation and Bayesian kernel machine regression(BKMR)to assess the relationship between metals and grip *** In the multimetal linear regression,Cu(β=−2.119),As(β=−1.318),Sr(β=−2.480),Ba(β=0.781),Fe(β=1.130)and Mn(β=−0.404)were significantly correlated with grip strength(P<0.05).The results of the quantile g-computation showed that the risk of occurrence of grip strength reduction was−1.007(95%confidence interval:−1.362,−0.652;P<0.001)when each quartile of the mixture of the seven metals was *** kernel function regression model analysis showed that mixtures of the seven metals had a negative overall effect on grip strength,with Cu,As and Sr being negatively associated with grip strength *** the total population,potential interactions were observed between As and Mn and between Cu and Mn(P_(interactions) of 0.003 and 0.018,respectively).Conclusion In summary,this study suggests that combined exposure to metal mixtures is negatively associated with grip ***,Sr and As were negatively correlated with grip strength levels,and there were potential interactions between As and Mn and between Cu and Mn.

关键词： Urinary metals Handgrip strength Quantile g-computation Bayesian kernel machine regression

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不同温度下6061特厚铝板厚向拉伸性能研究

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塑性工程学报 2024年第5期31卷 188-197页

作者：缑瑞宾贾盛康于敏石文可安徽科技学院机械工程学院安徽凤阳233100 安徽科技学院建筑学院安徽蚌埠233000

在20~250℃下,对厚度为212 mm的6061铝合金板进行了拉伸试验,研究了温度和厚度对6061铝合金拉伸性能的影响。研究结果表明,板材的强度沿厚度方向呈线性递减变化规律,表明其沿厚度方向存在不均匀性特征,但取样方向和温度对厚向强度的非... 详细信息

在20~250℃下,对厚度为212 mm的6061铝合金板进行了拉伸试验,研究了温度和厚度对6061铝合金拉伸性能的影响。研究结果表明,板材的强度沿厚度方向呈线性递减变化规律,表明其沿厚度方向存在不均匀性特征,但取样方向和温度对厚向强度的非均匀分布程度影响很小;在20~250℃下,6061铝合金拉伸性能对温度的敏感性高,在150和250℃下,抗拉强度和屈服强度与20℃下相比分别下降了18%和45%;在相同温度下,6061铝合金沿厚度方向的伸长率基本没有变化,但随着温度的增加,其伸长率有明显增大的趋势,且在150℃下,伸长率增大至20℃的80%左右。采用线性拟合方法构建了6061铝合金强度的“温度-距离”双参数评价模型。

关键词： 6061铝合金厚向不均匀性拉伸性能

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