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Linewidth narrowing in self-injection-locked on-chip lasers

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Light(Science & Applications) 2023年第10期12卷 2074-2083页

作者： Emad Alkhazraji Weng W.chow Frédéric Grillot John E.Bowers Yating Wan Integrated Photonics Lab King Abdullah University of Science and TechnologyThuwal 23955Saudi Arabia Sandia National Laboratories AlbuquerqueNM 87185-1086USA LTCI Télécom ParisInstitut Polytechnique de Paris91120 PalaiseauFrance Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering University of California-Santa BarbaraSanta BarbaraCA 93106USA

Stable laser emission with narrow linewidth is of critical importance in many applications,including coherent communications,LIDAR,and remote *** this work,the physics underlying spectral narrowing of self-injection-locked on-chip lasers to Hz-level lasing linewidth is investigated using a composite-cavity *** integrated III–V/SiN lasers operating with quantum-dot and quantum-well active regions are analyzed with a focus on the effects of carrier quantum *** intrinsic differences are associated with gain saturation and carrier-induced refractive index,which are directly connected with 0-and 2-dimensional carrier densities of *** from parametric studies are presented for tradeoffs involved with tailoring the linewidth,output power,and injection current for different device *** both quantum-well and quantum-dot devices show similar linewidth-narrowing capabilities,the former emits at a higher optical power in the self-injection-locked state,while the latter is more ***,a multi-objective optimization analysis is provided to optimize the operation and design *** the quantum-well laser,minimizing the number of quantum-well layers is found to decrease the threshold current without significantly reducing the output *** the quantum-dot laser,increasing the quantum-dot layers or density in each layer increases the output power without significantly increasing the threshold *** findings serve to guide more detailed parametric studies to produce timely results for engineering design.

关键词： narrowing injection quantum

Correction of Time-varying PMU Phase Angle Deviation with Unknown Transmission Line Parameters

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CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems 2023年第1期9卷 315-325页

作者： Ancheng Xue He Kong Feiyang Xu Junbo Zhao Naichao Chang Joe H.chow Haiyan Hong State Key Laboratory of Alternate Electrical Power System with Renewable Energy Sources North China Electric Power UniversityBeijing 102206China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of ConnecticutStorrs06268USA National Electric Power Dispatching and Control Center Beijing 100031China Department of Electrical Computerand Systems EngineeringRensselaer Polytechnic Institute(RPI)TroyNY 12180USA

Phasor measurement units(PMUs)provide useful data for real-time monitoring of the smart ***,there may be time-varying deviation in phase angle differences(PADs)between both ends of the transmission line(TL),which may deteriorate application performance based on *** address that,this paper proposes two robust methods of correcting time-varying PAD deviation with unknown parameters of TL(ParTL).First,the phenomena of time-varying PAD deviation observed from field PMU data are *** general formulations for PAD estimation are then *** simplify the formulations,estimation of PADs is converted into the optimal problem with a single ParTL as the variable,yielding a linear estimation of *** latter is used by second-order Taylor series expansion to estimate PADs *** reduce the impact of possible abnormal amplitude data in field data,the IGG(Institute of Geodesy&Geophysics,Chinese Academy of Sciences)weighting function is *** using both simulated and field data verify the effectiveness and robustness of the proposed methods.

关键词： Correction line parameters parameter identification phasor measurement time-varying phase angle difference deviation

Understanding neutralising antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 and theirimplications in clinical practice

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Military Medical Research 2022年第2期9卷 215-230页

作者： Natalie Yan-Lin Pang Alexander Shao-Rong Pang Vincent T.chow De-Yun Wang Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine National University of SingaporeSingapore 119228Singapore Department of Microbiology and Immunology National University of SingaporeScience Drive 2Singapore 117545Singapore Infectious Diseases Translational Research Program Yong Loo Lin School of MedicineNational University of SingaporeSingapore 119228Singapore Department of Otolaryngology Yong Loo Lin School of MedicineNational University of Singapore1E Kent Ridge RoadSingapore 119228Singapore

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) is a newly identified member of the coronavirus family that has caused the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. This rapidly evolving and unrelenting SARS-CoV-2has disrupted the lives and livelihoods of millions worldwide. As of 23 August 2021, a total of 211,373,303 COVID-19cases have been confirmed globally with a death toll of 4,424,341. A strong understanding of the infection pathway of SARS-CoV-2, and how our immune system responds to the virus is highly pertinent for guiding the development and improvement of effective treatments. In this review, we discuss the current understanding of neutralising antibodies(NAbs) and their implications in clinical practice. The aspects include the pathophysiology of the immune response,particularly humoral adaptive immunity and the roles of NAbs from B cells in infection clearance. We summarise the onset and persistence of IgA, IgM and IgG antibodies, and we explore their roles in neutralising SARS-CoV-2, their persistence in convalescent individuals, and in reinfection. Furthermore, we also review the applications of neutralising antibodies in the clinical setting—from predictors of disease severity to serological testing to vaccinations, and finally in therapeutics such as convalescent plasma infusion.

关键词： Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus Coronavirus disease 2019 Neutralising antibodies Persistence Spike glycoprotein Receptor-binding domain B cells T cells Convalescent plasma

Experimentally unsupervised deconvolution for light-sheet microscopy with propagation-invariant beams

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Light(Science & Applications) 2022年第11期11卷 2790-2804页

作者： Philip Wijesinghe Stella Corsetti Darren J.X.chow Shuzo Sakata Kylie R.Dunning Kishan Dholakia SUPA School of Physics and AstronomyUniversity of St AndrewsNorth HaughSt AndrewsFife KY169SSUK Robinson Research Institute Adelaide Medical SchoolThe University of AdelaideAdelaideSAAustralia Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale BioPhotonics The University of AdelaideAdelaideSAAustralia Institute for Photonics and Advanced Sensing The University of AdelaideAdelaideSAAustralia Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences University of StrathclydeGlasgow G4 OREUK School of Biological Sciences The University of AdelaideAdelaideSAAustralia Department of Physics College of ScienceYonsei UniversitySeoul 03722South Korea

Deconvolution is a challenging inverse problem,particularly in techniques that employ complex engineered pointspread functions,such as microscopy with propagation-invariant ***,we present a deep-learning method for deconvolution that,in lieu of end-to-end training with ground truths,is trained using known physics of the imaging ***,we train a generative adversarial network with images generated with the known point-spread function of the system,and combine this with unpaired experimental data that preserve perceptual *** method rapidly and robustly deconvolves and super-resolves microscopy images,demonstrating a two-fold improvement in image contrast to conventional deconvolution *** contrast to common end-to-end networks that often require 1000-10,000s paired images,our method is experimentally unsupervised and can be trained solely on a few hundred regions of *** demonstrate its performance on light-sheet microscopy with propagation-invariant Airy beams in oocytes,preimplantation embryos and excised brain tissue,as well as illustrate its utility for Bessel-beam *** method aims to democratise learned methods for deconvolution,as it does not require data acquisition outwith the conventional imaging protocol.

关键词： invariant propagation implantation

Brain delivering RNA-based therapeutic strategies by targeting mTOR pathway for axon regeneration after central nervous system injury

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Neural Regeneration Research 2022年第10期17卷 2157-2165页

作者： Ming-Xi Li Jing-Wen Weng Eric S.Ho Shing Fung chow Chi Kwan Tsang Clinical Neuroscience Institute The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong ProvinceChina Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy Li Ka Shing Faculty of MedicineUniversity of Hong KongHong Kong Special Administrative RegionChina Department of Biology and Department of Computer Science Lafayette CollegeEastonPAUSA

Injuries to the central nervous system(CNS)such as stroke,brain,and spinal cord trauma often result in permanent disabilities because adult CNS neurons only exhibit limited axon *** brain has a surprising intrinsic capability of recovering itself after ***,the hostile extrinsic microenvironment significantly hinders axon *** advances have indicated that the inactivation of intrinsic regenerative pathways plays a pivotal role in the failure of most adult CNS neuronal ***,substantial evidence has convincingly demonstrated that the mechanistic target of rapamycin(mTOR)signaling is one of the most crucial intrinsic regenerative pathways that drive axonal regeneration and sprouting in various CNS *** this review,we will discuss the recent findings and highlight the critical roles of mTOR pathway in axon regeneration in different types of CNS ***,we will demonstrate that the reactivation of this regenerative pathway can be achieved by blocking the key mTOR signaling components such as phosphatase and tensin homolog(PTEN).Given that multiple mTOR signaling components are endogenous inhibitory factors of this pathway,we will discuss the promising potential of RNA-based therapeutics which are particularly suitable for this purpose,and the fact that they have attracted substantial attention recently after the success of coronavirus disease 2019 *** specifically tackle the blood-brain barrier issue,we will review the current technology to deliver these RNA therapeutics into the brain with a focus on nanoparticle *** will propose the clinical application of these RNA-mediated therapies in combination with the brain-targeted drug delivery approach against mTOR signaling components as an effective and feasible therapeutic strategy aiming to enhance axonal regeneration for functional recovery after CNS injury.

关键词： axon sprouting axon regeneration brain targeted drug delivery CNS injury ischemic stroke mTOR nanoparticle neural circuit reconstruction PTEN RNA-based therapeutics

Evolutionary prisoner＇s dilemma games with local interaction and best-response dynamics

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Frontiers of Mathematics in China 2015年第4期10卷 839-856页

作者： Yunshyoug chow Institute of Mathematics Academia Sinica Taipei Taiwan 11529 China

This paper studies the long run behavior in evolutionary prisoner＇s dilemma games. All players are assumed to sit around a circle and to interact only with their neighbors. It is known that full-defection is the unique long run equilibrium as the probability of players＇ experimentation （or mutation） tends to zero in the best response dynamics. Here, it is shown that full-cooperation could emerge in the long run if one also cares for his neighbors in the best- response dynamics.

关键词： Prisoner's dilemma game full cooperation best response localinteraction long run equilibrium parallel updating

Control and Stability of Large-scale Power System with Highly Distributed Renewable Energy Generation:Viewpoints from Six Aspects

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CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems 2023年第1期9卷 8-14页

作者： Qing-Hua Wu Anjan Bose Chanan Singh Joe H.chow Gang Mu Yuanzhang Sun Zhaoxi Liu Zhigang Li Yang Liu School of Electric Power Engineering South China University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510640China School of Electrical Engineering&Computer Science Washington State UniversityPullmanWA 99164USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Texas A&M UniversityCollege StationTX 77843USA Department of Electrical Computer and Systems EngineeringRensselaer Polytechnic Institute(RPI)TroyNYUSA Key Laboratory of Modern Power System Simulation and Control&Renewable Energy Technology Ministry of Education(Northeast Electric Power University)Jilin 132012China School of Electrical Engineering and Automation Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430072China

Power systems are moving toward a low-carbon or carbon-neutral future where high penetration of renewables is *** conventional fossil-fueled synchronous generators in the transmission network being replaced by renewable energy generation which is highly distributed across the entire grid,new challenges are emerging to the control and stability of large-scale power *** analysis and control methods are needed for power systems to cope with the ongoing *** the CSEE JPES forum,six leading experts were invited to deliver keynote speeches,and the participating researchers and professionals had extensive exchanges and discussions on the control and stability of power ***,potential changes and challenges of power systems with high penetration of renewable energy generation were introduced and explained,and advanced control methods were proposed and analyzed for the transient stability enhancement of power grids.

关键词： Distributed energy resources high converter penetration power system control renewable energy generation stability control transient stability

Safety evaluation of nanodiamond-doxorubicin complexes in a Naïve Beagle canine model using hematologic,histological,and urine analysis

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Nano Research 2022年第4期15卷 3356-3366页

作者： Liping Wang Wenqiong Su Khan Zara Ahmad Xin Wang Ting Zhang Youyi Yu Edward Kai-Hua chow Dean Ho Xianting Ding State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes Institute for Personalized MedicineSchool of Biomedical EngineeringShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200030China Cancer Science Institute of Singapore Yong Loo Lin School of MedicineNational University of SingaporeSingapore 117599Singapore The N.1 Institute for Health(N.1) National University of SingaporeSingapore 117456Singapore The Institute for Digital Medicine(WisDM) National University of SingaporeSingapore 117456Singapore Department of Pharmacology National University of SingaporeSingapore 117597Singapore Department of Biomedical Engineering National University of SingaporeSingapore 117583Singapore

While doxorubicin(DOX)is one of the most common chemotherapeutic drugs for treating cancer,use of DOX must be managed carefully due to dose-related ***(ND)drug delivery system conjugated with DOX(NDX)has been reported to enhance treatment efficacy and attenuate toxicity in murine cancer *** addition,extensive biocompatibility studies indicate that NDs seem to be well tolerated in non-human *** the clinical translation of NDX,it is necessary to verify the safety of ND in large *** of nanomedicine drug safety for large animal are not commonly reported,and this work represents a key milestone in bridging earlier advances towards clinical ***,NDs’safety as a drug-delivery platform was evaluated in Naïve Beagle *** study is performed with DOX,ND,and NDX in a dual-gender animal model using intravenous(IV)injection and hepatic portal vein(HPV)injection *** dogs are monitored for their health phenotype changes in continuous 5 *** and urine obtained are for clinical pathology *** results indicate that ND drug delivery platform significantly relieves DOX toxicity for Naïve Beagle dog *** study provides guidance for the pre-clinical safety assessment of NDX therapy at large animal level.

关键词： nanomedicine doxorubicin nanodiamonds safety biodistribution

Collaborative Distributed AC Optimal Power Flow: A Dual Decomposition Based Algorithm

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Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 2021年第6期9卷 1414-1423页

作者： Zheyuan Cheng Mo-Yuen chow IEEE Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering North Carolina State University

We propose a dual decomposition based algorithm that solves the AC optimal power flow(ACOPF) problem in the radial distribution systems and microgrids in a collaborative and distributed manner. The proposed algorithm adopts the second-order cone program(SOCP) relaxed branch flow ACOPF model. In the proposed algorithm, bus-level agents collaboratively solve the global ACOPF problem by iteratively sharing partial variables with its 1-hop neighbors as well as carrying out local scalar computations that are derived using augmented Lagrangian and primal-dual subgradient methods. We also propose two distributed computing platforms, i. e., high-performance computing(HPC) based platform and hardware-in-theloop(HIL) testbed, to validate and evaluate the proposed algorithm. The computation and communication performances of the proposed algorithm are quantified and analyzed on typical IEEE test systems. Experimental results indicate that the proposed algorithm can be executed on a fully distributed computing structure and yields accurate ACOPF solution. Besides, the proposed algorithm has a low communication overhead.

关键词： Distributed convex optimization distributed en-ergy management system optimal power flow primal-dual de-composition