Understanding neutralising antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 and theirimplications in clinical practice

作     者：Natalie Yan-Lin Pang Alexander Shao-Rong Pang Vincent T.Chow De-Yun Wang Natalie Yan?Lin Pang;Alexander Shao?Rong Pang;Vincent T.Chow;De?Yun Wang

作者机构：Yong Loo Lin School of MedicineNational University of SingaporeSingapore 119228Singapore Department of Microbiology and ImmunologyNational University of SingaporeScience Drive 2Singapore 117545Singapore Infectious Diseases Translational Research ProgramYong Loo Lin School of MedicineNational University of SingaporeSingapore 119228Singapore Department of OtolaryngologyYong Loo Lin School of MedicineNational University of Singapore1E Kent Ridge RoadSingapore 119228Singapore 

出 版 物：《Military Medical Research》 (军事医学研究（英文版）)

年 卷 期：2022年第9卷第2期

页      面：215-230页

核心收录：

学科分类：1002[医学-临床医学] 10[医学] 

基　　金：supported by the National Medical Research Council Singapore (NMRC COVID19RF2-0002)。 

主　　题：Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus Coronavirus disease 2019 Neutralising antibodies Persistence Spike glycoprotein Receptor-binding domain B cells T cells Convalescent plasma 

摘      要：Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) is a newly identified member of the coronavirus family that has caused the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. This rapidly evolving and unrelenting SARS-CoV-2has disrupted the lives and livelihoods of millions worldwide. As of 23 August 2021, a total of 211,373,303 COVID-19cases have been confirmed globally with a death toll of 4,424,341. A strong understanding of the infection pathway of SARS-CoV-2, and how our immune system responds to the virus is highly pertinent for guiding the development and improvement of effective treatments. In this review, we discuss the current understanding of neutralising antibodies(NAbs) and their implications in clinical practice. The aspects include the pathophysiology of the immune response,particularly humoral adaptive immunity and the roles of NAbs from B cells in infection clearance. We summarise the onset and persistence of IgA, IgM and IgG antibodies, and we explore their roles in neutralising SARS-CoV-2, their persistence in convalescent individuals, and in reinfection. Furthermore, we also review the applications of neutralising antibodies in the clinical setting—from predictors of disease severity to serological testing to vaccinations, and finally in therapeutics such as convalescent plasma infusion.