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Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology(New Series) 2014年第6期21卷 9-15页

作者： Richard E Overill Jantje A M Silomon Kam-Pui chow Hayson Tse Dept.of Informatics King's College LondonLondon WC2R 2LSUnited Kingdom Dept.of Computer Science University of Hong Kong

The Enhanced Complexity Model( ECM) developed previously has been further extended to produce a Motivationally Enhanced Complexity Model( MECM) which enables the degree of motivation,capability and opportunity of a hypothetical Trojan Horse author to be included in quantifying the relative plausibility of competing explanations for the existence of uncontested digital *** new model has been applied to the case of the Trojan Horse defence( THD) against the possession of child *** results demonstrate that the THD in this case cannot be plausibly sustained unless it can be shown that an ‘off-theshelf'( OTS) Trojan Horse for this task is available and it is not detectable by the target computer,at the material time.

关键词： Trojan Horse defence child pornography digital forensic evidence complexity quantitative plausibility metrics posterior odds

Fluorescence Quenching Effects of Donor-Acceptor Pairs Through A Rigid Spacer

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Chemical Research in Chinese Universities 2001年第Z1期17卷 144-145页

作者： chow Tahsin J. Academia Sinica Taipei

Heptacyclo [6.***.0.02,6.03,13.04,11.05,9,010,14] tetradecane is a cage-shaped molecule of both high symmetry (D2d) and high rigidity. In our previous reports, it has been used as an unique spacer group for electron transfer processes between a donor (D) and an acceptor (A) substituent. The D and A chromophores can be aligned along a straight line, either coplanar (0° dihedral angle) or perpendicular (90° dihedral angle) with respect to each other. Knowledge collected in this work may be useful for the design of photo-electronic devices, such as electrochemical sensors, photovoltaic cells, molecular rectifiers and switches, etc.

关键词： electron transfer processes electrochemical sensors straight line

Transcriptome analysis of ankylosed primary molars with infraocclusion

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International Journal of Oral Science 2020年第1期12卷 68-76页

作者： Annie Tong Yuh-Lit chow Katie Xu Rita Hardiman Paul Schneider Seong-Seng Tan Melbourne Dental School The University of MelbourneMelbourneAustralia Florey Institute of Neuroscience The University of MelbourneMelbourneAustralia

Primary molar ankylosis with infraocclusion can retard dental arch development and cause dental asymmetry. Despite its widespread prevalence, little is known about its molecular etiology and pathogenesis. To address this, RNA sequencing was used to generate transcriptomes of furcal bone from infraoccluded(n = 7) and non-infraoccluded(n = 9) primary second molars, all without succeeding biscuspids. Of the 18 529 expressed genes, 432(2.3%) genes were differentially expressed between the two groups(false discovery rate < 0.05). Hierarchical clustering and principal component analysis showed clear separation in gene expression between infraoccluded and non-infraoccluded samples. Pathway analyses indicated that molar ankylosis is associated with the expression of genes consistent with the cellular inflammatory response and epithelial cell turnover. Independent validation using six expressed genes by immunohistochemical analysis demonstrated that the corresponding proteins are strongly expressed in the developing molar tooth germ, in particular the dental follicle and inner enamel epithelium. The descendants of these structures include the periodontal ligament, cementum, bone and epithelial rests of Malassez;tissues that are central to the ankylotic *** therefore propose that ankylosis involves an increased inflammatory response associated with disruptions to the developmental remnants of the dental follicle and epithelial rests of Malassez.

关键词： occlusion infra molar

Changes in the quality of river water before,during and after a major flood event associated with a La Nina cycle and treatment for drinking purposes

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2014年第10期26卷 1985-1993页

作者： Mohamad Fared Murshed Zeeshan Aslam Rosmala Lewis Christopher chow Dongsheng Wang Mary Drikas John van Leeuwen Centre for Water Management and Reuse Natural and Built Environments University of South Australia Australian Water Quality Centre South Australian Water Corporation State Key Laboratory for Environmental Aquatic Chemistry Research Centre for Eco-Environmental Sciences Barbara Hardy Institute Natural and Built EnvironmentsUniversity of South Australia

The treatment of organics present in the lower reaches of a major river system（the Murray–Darling Basin, Australia） before（March–July 2010）, during（December 2010–May 2011） and after（April–December 2012） a major flood period was investigated. The flood period（over 6 months）occurred during an intense La Nia cycle, leading to rapid and high increases in river flows and organic loads in the river water. Dissolved organic carbon（DOC） increased（2–3 times） to high concentrations（up to 16 mg/L） and was found to correlate with river flow rates. The treatability of organics was studied using conventional jar tests with alum and an enhanced coagulation model（mEnCo）. Predicted mean alum dose rates（per mg DOC） were higher before（9.1 mg alum/mg DOC） and after（8.5 mg alum/mg DOC） than during the flood event（8.0 mg alum/mg DOC）,indicating differences in the character of the organics in raw waters. To assess the character of natural organic matter present in raw and treated waters, high performance size exclusion chromatography with UV and fluorescence detectors were used. During the flood period, high molecular weight UV absorbing compounds（〉2 kDa） were mostly detected in waters collected,but were not evident in waters collected before and afterwards. The relative abundances of humic-like and protein-like compounds during and following the flood period were also investigated and found to be of a higher molecular weight during the flood period. The treatability of the organics was found to vary over the three climate conditions investigated.

关键词： Alum Coagulation Flood mEnCo prediction dose(EnCD) La Ni?a

The effect of downstream resistance on flow diverter treatment of a cerebral aneurysm at a bifurcation: A joint computational-experimental study

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Journal of Hydrodynamics 2018年第5期30卷 803-814页

作者： ANDerson C.O.Tsang Billy Y.S.Yiu Abraham Y.S.Tang W.C.chung Gilberto K.K.Leung AlexANDer K.K.Poon Alfred C.H.Yu Simon S.M.Lai K.W.chow Department of Surgery Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine University of Hong Kong Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Waterloo Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Hong Kong Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering University of Hong Kong

Intracranial aneurysm can lead to hemorrhagic stroke upon rupture. Deployment of flow diverters can restrict the blood flow into aneurysm and mitigate the rupture risk. Computational fluid dynamics（CFD） and ultrasonography with pulse-wave and color Doppler ultrasound measurements were employed jointly to investigate the complex flow pattern in cerebral aneurysms, both before and after the deployment of flow diverters. Patient-specific configurations of both bifurcation and side-wall aneurysms were selected. The effect of downstream flow resistance was investigated by adjusting the volume flow rate and pressure at the outlet vessels computationally and experimentally. Velocity profiles in the aneurysm measured from ultrasonography showed good agreement with those from computer simulations. The discrepancy in velocity between the computational and experimental sets of data is less than 10%. The downstream resistance can alter the volume flux into a bifurcation aneurysm with a flow diverter deployed by 236%, while the corresponding value of a side-wall aneurysm is negligible. The vorticity of the aneurysmal flow was reduced by more than 80% in both cases after stenting. This study demonstrated that careful investigation of downstream flow resistance of a bifurcation aneurysm is essential to provide an accurate assessment of the aneurysmal flow dynamics after flow diverter deployment.

关键词： Intracranial aneurysms computational fluid dynamics (CFD) doppler ultrasound

Understanding neutralising antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 and theirimplications in clinical practice

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Military Medical Research 2022年第2期9卷 215-230页

作者： Natalie Yan-Lin Pang Alexander Shao-Rong Pang Vincent T.chow De-Yun Wang Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine National University of SingaporeSingapore 119228Singapore Department of Microbiology and Immunology National University of SingaporeScience Drive 2Singapore 117545Singapore Infectious Diseases Translational Research Program Yong Loo Lin School of MedicineNational University of SingaporeSingapore 119228Singapore Department of Otolaryngology Yong Loo Lin School of MedicineNational University of Singapore1E Kent Ridge RoadSingapore 119228Singapore

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) is a newly identified member of the coronavirus family that has caused the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. This rapidly evolving and unrelenting SARS-CoV-2has disrupted the lives and livelihoods of millions worldwide. As of 23 August 2021, a total of 211,373,303 COVID-19cases have been confirmed globally with a death toll of 4,424,341. A strong understanding of the infection pathway of SARS-CoV-2, and how our immune system responds to the virus is highly pertinent for guiding the development and improvement of effective treatments. In this review, we discuss the current understanding of neutralising antibodies(NAbs) and their implications in clinical practice. The aspects include the pathophysiology of the immune response,particularly humoral adaptive immunity and the roles of NAbs from B cells in infection clearance. We summarise the onset and persistence of IgA, IgM and IgG antibodies, and we explore their roles in neutralising SARS-CoV-2, their persistence in convalescent individuals, and in reinfection. Furthermore, we also review the applications of neutralising antibodies in the clinical setting—from predictors of disease severity to serological testing to vaccinations, and finally in therapeutics such as convalescent plasma infusion.

关键词： Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus Coronavirus disease 2019 Neutralising antibodies Persistence Spike glycoprotein Receptor-binding domain B cells T cells Convalescent plasma

Inhibitory activities of extracts of Rumex dentatus, Commelina benghalensis, Ajuga bracteosa, Ziziphus mauritiana as well as their compounds of gallic acid and emodin against dengue virus

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2018年第4期11卷 265-271页

作者： Riffat Batool Ejaz Aziz Tariq Mahmood Benny KH Tan Vincent TK chow Department of Plant Sciences Faculty of Biological Sciences Quaid-i-Azam University Department of Pharmacology Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine National University of Singapore Department of Microbiology and Immunology Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine National University of Singapore

Objective: To investigate the inhibitory effects against dengue virus serotype 2(DENV-2) by five different fractions(extracted by methanol, ethanol, benzene, chloroform and n-hexane) of Rumex dentatus, Commelina benghalensis, Ajuga bracteosa and Ziziphus mauritiana, as well as their constituents(gallic acid, emodin, and isovanillic acid). Methods: All the samples were tested for cytotoxicity on baby hamster kidney cells by MTT assay and for anti-DENV-2 activity by plaque reduction neutralization assay using two DENV-2 doses(45 and 90 plaqueforming units or PFU). Results: All the samples except isovanillic acid exhibited significant prophylactic effects against DENV-2 infectivity(without cytotoxicity) when administered to cells before infection, but were not effective when given 6 h post-infection. The methanol extract of Rumex dentatus demonstrated the highest antiviral efficacy by inhibiting DENV-2 replication, with IC_(50) of 0.154 μg/mL and 0.234 μg/mL, when added before infection with 45 and 90 PFU of virus, respectively. Gallic acid also exhibited significant antiviral effects by prophylactic treatment prior to virus adsorption on cells, with IC_(50) of 0.191 μg/mL and 0.522 μg/mL at 45 and 90 PFU of DENV-2 infection, respectively. Conclusions: The highly potent activities of the extracts and constituent compounds of these plants against DENV-2 infectivity highlight their potential as targets for further research to identify novel antiviral agents against dengue.

关键词： Dengue virus Rumex dentatus Commelina benghalensis Ajuga bracteosa Ziziphus mauritiana Gallic acid

Gene expression profiles in gastric mucosa of sleep deprivation rats

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2000年第5期6卷 754-758页

作者： Jenny F.L.chow Marcel W.L.Koo Chi-Hin Cho Department of Pharmacology Faculty of MedicineUniversity of Hong Kong5 Sassoon RoadPokfulamHong KongChina

INTRODUCTIONStress has been shown to induce gastric mucosallesions and lower the effectiveness of the mucosa asa *** rats,gastric ulcers can beproduced by cold-restraint stress and it isfrequently employed as a model ... 详细信息

关键词： gene expression mucosa gastric stress ulcer GI tract sleep deprivation cDNA ethanol

Propagation of Solitary Pulses in Optical Fibers with Both Self-Steepening and Quintic Nonlinear Effects

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2014年第6期61卷 735-741页

作者：李金花 C.Rogers K.W.chow K.S.Chiang School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Mathematics & Statistics of Complex Systems School of Mathematics The University of New South Wales Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Hong Kong Department of Electronic Engineering City University of Hong Kong

Pulse dynamics and stability in optical fibers in the presence of both self-steepening and quintic nonlinear effects are analyzed. Propagating profiles of the quintic derivative nonlinear Schr¨odinger model are isolated via two invariants of motion. The resulting canonical equation admits exact periodic propagating patterns in terms of the Jacobi elliptic functions, and solitary pulses are recovered in the long wave limit, i.e. degenerate cases of periodic profiles where each pulse is widely separated from the adjacent ones. Two families of such exact wave profiles are identified. The first one has a precise constraint concerning the magnitude of self-steepening and quintic nonlinear effects, while the second one permits more freedom. The reduction to the well established temporal soliton in an optical fiber waveguide in the absence of self-steepening and quintic nonlinearity is demonstrated explicitly. Numerical simulations are performed to identify regimes of parameter values where robust propagation patterns exist.

关键词： cubic-quintie nonlinear Schrodinger equation self-steepening pulse propagation

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资本主义最能促进自由吗?

开放时代 2007年第4期 73-86页

作者：周保松香港中文大学政治与行政学系

本文尝试分析及批评放任自由主义的“自由论旨”,即声称自由是社会的最高价值,以及“小政府大市场”的资本主义制度乃最有效促进自由的观点。作者指出,无论从效益主义或私有产权的立场,都不能支持自由论旨。更重要的是,私有产权的概念... 详细信息

本文尝试分析及批评放任自由主义的“自由论旨”,即声称自由是社会的最高价值,以及“小政府大市场”的资本主义制度乃最有效促进自由的观点。作者指出,无论从效益主义或私有产权的立场,都不能支持自由论旨。更重要的是,私有产权的概念本身便涵蕴了自由和不自由两面,而市场竞争导致的经济不平等,其实会大大限制穷人的自由。作者最后指出,无论是透过对自由和自由的条件的区分,还是采用“权利式的自由观”,均难以为资本主义保障了平等的经济自由的说法作出辩护。

关键词：资本主义制度自由论经济不平等私有产权自由主义最高价值市场竞争人的自由