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Parallel intelligent education with ChatGPT

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Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering 2024年第1期25卷 12-18页

作者： Jiacun WANG Ying TANG ryan HARE Fei-Yue WANG Department of Computer Science and Software Engineering Monmouth UniversityNew Jersey 07764USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Rowan UniversityNew Jersey 08028USA Institute of Automation Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China

This paper presents a framework for parallel intelligent education that involves physical and virtual learning for a personalized learning experience.We especially focus on Chat Generative Pre-trained Transformer(ChatGPT)owing to its considerable potential to supplement regular class learning.We address the strengths and weaknesses of learning with ChatGPT.Finally,we discuss the challenges and solutions of the proposed parallel intelligent education with ChatGPT.

关键词： education GPT intelligent

Millimetric devices for nerve stimulation:a promising path towards miniaturization

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第8期19卷 1702-1706页

作者： ryan M.Dorrian Anna V.Leonard Antonio Lauto Spinal Cord Injury Research Group School of BiomedicineThe University of AdelaideAdelaideSAAustralia School of Science Western Sydney UniversityPenrithNSWAustralia

Nerve stimulation is a rapidly developing field,demonstrating positive outcomes across several conditions.Despite potential benefits,current nerve stimulation devices are large,complicated,and are powered via implanted pulse generators.These facto rs necessitate invasive surgical implantation and limit potential applications.Reducing nerve stimulation devices to millimetric sizes would make these interventions less invasive and facilitate broader therapeutic applications.However,device miniaturization presents a serious engineering challenge.This review presents significant advancements from several groups that have overcome this challenge and developed millimetricsized nerve stimulation devices.These are based on antennas,mini-coils,magneto-electric and optoelectronic materials,or receive ultrasound power.We highlight key design elements,findings from pilot studies,and present several considerations for future applications of these devices.

关键词： biomedical engineering deep brain stimulation electrical engineering electrical stimulation neuromodulation peripheral nerve stimulation

Machine learning for predicting the outcome of terminal ballistics events

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2024年第1期31卷 14-26页

作者： Shannon ryan Neeraj Mohan Sushma Arun Kumar AV Julian Berk Tahrima Hashem Santu Rana Svetha Venkatesh Applied Artificial Intelligence Institute(A2I2) Deakin University75 Pigdons RdWaurn PondsVIC3216Australia

Machine learning(ML) is well suited for the prediction of high-complexity,high-dimensional problems such as those encountered in terminal ballistics.We evaluate the performance of four popular ML-based regression models,extreme gradient boosting(XGBoost),artificial neural network(ANN),support vector regression(SVR),and Gaussian process regression(GP),on two common terminal ballistics’ problems:(a)predicting the V50ballistic limit of monolithic metallic armour impacted by small and medium calibre projectiles and fragments,and(b) predicting the depth to which a projectile will penetrate a target of semi-infinite thickness.To achieve this we utilise two datasets,each consisting of approximately 1000samples,collated from public release sources.We demonstrate that all four model types provide similarly excellent agreement when interpolating within the training data and diverge when extrapolating outside this range.Although extrapolation is not advisable for ML-based regression models,for applications such as lethality/survivability analysis,such capability is required.To circumvent this,we implement expert knowledge and physics-based models via enforced monotonicity,as a Gaussian prior mean,and through a modified loss function.The physics-informed models demonstrate improved performance over both classical physics-based models and the basic ML regression models,providing an ability to accurately fit experimental data when it is available and then revert to the physics-based model when not.The resulting models demonstrate high levels of predictive accuracy over a very wide range of projectile types,target materials and thicknesses,and impact conditions significantly more diverse than that achievable from any existing analytical approach.Compared with numerical analysis tools such as finite element solvers the ML models run orders of magnitude faster.We provide some general guidelines throughout for the development,application,and reporting of ML models in terminal ballistics problems.

关键词： Machine learning Artificial intelligence Physics-informed machine learning Terminal ballistics Armour

Are school uniforms associated with gender inequalities in physical activity? A pooled analysis of population-level data from 135 countries/regions

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第4期13卷 590-598页

作者： Mairead ryan Luiza I.C.Ricardo Nicole Nathan Riikka Hofmann Esther van Sluijs Medical Research Council Epidemiology Unit University of CambridgeCambridge CB20QQUK Faculty of Education University of CambridgeCambridge CB28PQUK Hunter New England Population Health WallsendNSW 2287Australia School of Medicine and Public Health College of HealthMedicine and WellbeingUniversity of NewcastleCallaghanNSW 2308Australia Hunter Medical Research Institute New Lambton HeightsNSW 2305Australia National Centre of Implementation Science University of NewcastleCallaghanNSW 2308Australia

Purpose:It is aimed to assess whether school uniforms are associated with population-level gender inequalities in physical activity,and whether associations differ by school level,country/region income,and assessment method.Methods:An ecological study design was employed.We collected data about global uniform practices using an online survey.We searched for country/region-level estimates of school-aged youth meeting physical activity guidelines from international surveillance studies.Study selection was conducted in duplicate using a systematic process,and a random sample of all data was checked to ensure extraction and pooling processes were accurate.We calculated absolute and relative gender inequalities in physical activity for each country.Linear regression examined associations between country/region-level uniform practices(binary yes/no exposure variable)and country/region-level gender inequalities in physical activity guideline compliance(absolute and relative inequalities).We investigated moderation by school level,stratified analyses by income group,and repeated primary analyses using device-measured data.Results:Pooling data from 135 countries/regions(n=1,089,852),we found no association between population-level uniform practices and gender inequalities in physical activity across all ages(absolute:b=-0.2;95%confidence interval(95%CI):-1.7 to 1.3,p=0.74;relative:b=0.1;95%CI:-0.1 to 0.2,p=0.51).Subgroup analysis suggested a positive association in primary school settings(absolute:b=4.3;95%CI:-0.0 to 8.6,p=0.05).Among high-income countries,absolute inequalities were significantly greater in countries/regions with uniform practices(N=37)compared to those without(N=48)(9.1(SD=3.6)vs.7.8 percentage points(SD=4.3)).Repeating analyses using device-measured data(n=32,130;N=24)did not alter our primary finding.From initial descriptive statistics,we found that in countries/regions where a majority of schools(>50%)reportedly use uniforms,there was lower compliance with physical activity guidelines among all gender

关键词： School policy Clothing Child Adolescent Accelerometer

Effect of TiB_(2)Addition on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of AA8009 Alloy Fabricated by Laser Additive Manufacturing

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2024年第1期37卷 67-77页

作者： Xinxing Xiong Sijie Yu Pei Wang Junfang Qi Haichao Li Xulei Wang Michael ryan Debajyoti Bhaduri Rossitza Setchi Additive Manufacturing Institute Shenzhen UniversityShenzhen518060China Henan Key Laboratory of High Performance Carbon Fiber Reinforced Composites Institute of Carbon Matrix CompositesHenan Academy of SciencesZhengzhou450046China School of Materials Science and Engineering Shanghai University of Engineering ScienceShanghai201620China School of Materials Science and Engineering Zhengzhou University of AeronauticsZhengzhou450046China High-Value Manufacturing Research Group School of EngineeringCardiff UniversityCardiffCF243AAUK

The research involves the addition of 5 vol.%TiB_(2)particles into AA8009 alloy powder to synthesize TiB_(2)/AA8009 composite parts produced via laser powder bed fusion(LPBF).The addition of the TiB_(2)particles causes the TiB_(2)/AA8009 composites with and without annealing have lower compressive strength than AA8009 alloy due to the change of the strengthening mechanism.The results further indicated that solid solution strengthening was the main strengthening mechanism of the LPBF AA8009 alloy at room temperature whereas Orowan strengthening became the primary strengthening factor after annealing at 673 K.In contrast,Orowan strengthening always remained the main strengthening mechanism for the TiB_(2)/AA8009 composite,irrespective of the annealing temperature.In addition,after annealing of the LPBF parts at 673 K,the compressive yield strength(CYS)of the unblended AA8009 alloy specimens had a~2.5 times greater reduction(from 705±16 to 459±30 MPa)compared to that of the composite TiB_(2)/AA8009 samples(from 466±23 to 368±3 MPa).Therefore,TiB_(2)particles can suppress the drop in yield strength of LPBF AA8009 alloy below 673 K,providing a theoretical and experimental basis for the applications of both LPBF AA8009 and TiB_(2)/AA8009 alloys at low and medium temperatures.

关键词： Laser powder bed fusion AA8009 alloy Microstructure Mechanical properties

Subsequent total joint arthroplasty: Are we learning from the first stage?

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2024年第3期15卷 230-237页

作者： Christine Jiang Wu Colin Penrose Sean Patrick ryan Michael Paul Bolognesi Thorsten Markus Seyler Samuel Secord Wellman Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Duke University HospitalDurhamNC 27710United States Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Midwest Center for Joint ReplacementIndianapolisIN 46241United States

BACKGROUND With the increasing incidence of total joint arthroplasty(TJA),there is a desire to reduce peri-operative complications and resource utilization.As degenerative conditions progress in multiple joints,many patients undergo multiple proce-dures.AIM To determine if both physicians and patients learn from the patient’s initial arth-roplasty,resulting in improved outcomes following the second procedure.METHODS The institutional database was retrospectively queried for primary total hip arth-roplasty(THA)and total knee arthroplasty(TKA).Patients with only unilateral THA or TKA,and patients undergoing same-day bilateral TJA,were excluded.Patient demographics,comorbidities,and implant sizes were collected at the time of each procedure and patients were stratified by first vs second surgery.Outcome metrics evaluated included operative time,length of stay(LOS),disposition,90-d readmissions and emergency department(ED)visits.RESULTS A total of 642 patients,including 364 undergoing staged bilateral TKA and 278 undergoing bilateral THA,were analyzed.There was no significant difference in demographics or comorbidities between the first and second procedure,which were separated by a mean of 285 d.For THA and TKA,LOS was significantly less for the second surgery,with 66%of patients having a shorter hospitalization(P<0.001).THA patients had significantly decreased operative time only when the same sized implant was utilized(P=0.025).The vast majority(93.3%)of patients were discharged to the same type of location following their second surgery.However,when a change in disposition was present from the first surgery,patients were significantly more likely to be discharged to home after the second procedure(P=0.033).There was no difference between procedures for post-operative readmissions(P=0.438)or ED visits(P=0.915).CONCLUSION After gaining valuable experience recovering from the initial surgery,a patient’s perioperative outcomes are improved for their second TJA.This may be the result of increased confidence and decrea

关键词： Staged total joint arthroplasty Asynchronous total joint arthroplasty Subsequent total joint arthroplasty Contralateral total joint arthroplasty Perioperative outcomes

美国硕士学位护理教育标准及其对中国护理研究生教育的启示

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中华医学教育杂志 2010年第2期30卷 317-319页

作者：侯晓静 sheilaa.ryan 上海交通大学护理学院基础学科教研室 200025 University of Nebraska Medical Center College of Nursing

本文通过对美国护理硕士研究生教育标准的形成背景、课程模式和课程（硕士学位核心课程、高级护理实践核心课程、专科课程）教学目标的研究分析，提出我国护理研究生教育发展的设想和思路：①各层次护理教育的培养目标和教育标准需要清... 详细信息

本文通过对美国护理硕士研究生教育标准的形成背景、课程模式和课程（硕士学位核心课程、高级护理实践核心课程、专科课程）教学目标的研究分析，提出我国护理研究生教育发展的设想和思路：①各层次护理教育的培养目标和教育标准需要清晰定位和有效区别，硕士学位教育与“高级实践护士”培养相结合是今后重要的发展方向；②硕士研究生教育的专业设置需要向“细、广、深”的方向迈进；③硕士研究生课程设置中应当充分考虑“人群健康管理”相关内容；④建立全国性的研究牛教育评估机构和评估标准势在必行。

关键词：护理学研究牛教育教育标准硕士学位美国启示

Robotic-assisted retroperitoneal lymph node dissection for stage II testicular cancer

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Asian Journal of Urology 2024年第1期11卷 121-127页

作者： George McClintock Ahmed S.Goolam Don Perera ryan Downey Scott Leslie Peter Grimison Henry Woo Peter Ferguson Nariman Ahmadi Department of Urology Chris O'Brien LifehouseSydneyNSWAustralia Department of Anaesthesia Chris O'Brien LifehouseSydneyNSWAustralia The University of Sydney SydneyNSW2006Australia Department of Medical Oncology Chris O'Brien LifehouseSydneyNSWAustralia

Objective:To evaluate the perioperative as well as early oncological outcomes of patients undergoing robotic retroperitoneal lymph node dissection for treatment of testicular cancer.Methods:We conducted a prospective consecutive case series of patients undergoing robotic assisted retroperitoneal lymph node dissection for metastatic testicular cancer between May 2018 and July 2021 at our institution.Data were collected on patient and tumour characteristics,intraoperative and postoperative parameters,and functional and oncological outcomes.Descriptive statistics are presented.Results:Nineteen patients were identified;18(94.7%)completed the procedure robotically and one was converted to open surgery;78.9%of patients had stage≥IIB and 12(63.2%)patients had undergone prior chemotherapy.The median operative time was 300(interquartile range[IQR]240-315)min.Median blood loss was 100(IQR 50-175)mL.Median length of stay was 2(range 1-11)days.All robotically completed patients commenced diet and passed flatus on Day 1 and were discharged by Day 3.The median lymph node yield was 40.5(IQR 38-51)nodes.All patients undergoing nerve-sparing procedures recovered antegrade ejaculatory function.One patient had a Clavien-Dindo III complication(chylous ascites requiring drainage).At a median follow-up of 22.3(IQR 16.3-24.9)months,one patient developed retroperitoneal recurrence,which was successfully treated with second-line chemotherapy;no other patients have had recurrences.Conclusion:Robotic retroperitoneal lymph node dissection is a safe and feasible alternative to open surgery in appropriately selected patients,offering low morbidity.Early oncological outcomes are promising.Larger cohorts and longer follow-ups are required to validate our institution's findings.

关键词： Retroperitoneal lymph node dissection Robotic surgery Testicular cancer Retroperitoneal node dissection

Increase in Organochlorine Contaminant Levels in Major Water Sources of the United States in Response to the Coronavirus Pandemic

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2024年第5期12卷 111-143页

作者： Wendy Wilburn Sujata Guha ryan Beni Department of Biological Sciences Tennessee State University Nashville TN USA Department of Chemistry Tennessee State University Nashville TN USA

Organochlorine contaminants, such as triclosan (TCS), are present in major water sources across the United States. These antimicrobial compounds are widely used as multipurpose ingredients in everyday consumer products. They can be ingested or absorbed through the skin and are found in human blood, breast milk, and urine samples. Studies have shown that the increased use of antimicrobial agents leads to their presence and persistence in the ecosystem, particularly in soil and watersheds. Many studies have highlighted emerging concerns associated with the overuse of TCS, including dermal irritations, a higher incidence of antibacterial-related allergies, microbial resistance, disruptions in the endocrine system, altered thyroid hormone activity, metabolism, and tumor metastasis and growth. Organochlorine contaminant exposures play a role in inflammatory responsiveness, and any unwarranted innate response could lead to adverse outcomes. The capacity of TCS and other organochlorine contaminants to induce inflammation, resulting in persistent and chronic inflammation, is linked to various pathologies, such as cardiovascular disease and several types of cancers. Chronic inflammation presents a severe consequence of exposure to these antimicrobial agents, as any changes could result in the loss of immune competence. Organochlorine contaminant levels were established by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) in 2019-2020 and have consistently increased in response to the novel coronavirus (nCoV) (COVID-19) pandemic. Our previous research examined the overuse of products containing triclosan (TCS), which led to an increase in total trihalomethane (TTHM) levels affecting the quality of our water supply. We also investigated the impact of the FDA ban that now requires pre-market approval. To comprehend the consequences of excessive antimicrobial use on water quality, we conducted an analysis of the levels of total trichloromethane (chloroform), a byproduct of free chlorine added to TCS, in primary water so

关键词： Organochlorine Contaminants Triclosan Trihalomethane Chloroform Water Quality