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Transplacental induction of fatty acid oxidation in term fetal pigs by the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha agonist clofibrate

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2016年第3期7卷 341-352页

作者： Xi Lin sheila Jacobi Jack Odle Laboratory of Developmental nutrition Department of Animal SciencesNorth Carolina State University

Background： To induce peroxisomal proliferator-activated receptor α（PPARα） expression and increase milk fat utilization in pigs at birth, the effect of maternal feeding of the PPARα agonist, clofibrate（2-（4-chlorophenoxy）-2-methyl-propanoic acid, ethyl ester）, on fatty acid oxidation was examined at ful-term delivery（0 h） and 24 h after delivery in this *** group of pigs（n = 10） was delivered from pregnant sows fed a commercial diet with or without 0.8% clofibrate for the last 7 d of gestation. Blood samples were col ected from the utero-ovarian artery of the sows and the umbilical cords of the pigs as they were removed from the sows by C-section on day 113 of ***： HPLC analysis identified that clofibric acid was present in the plasma of the clofibrate-fed sow（~4.2 μg/m L）and its offspring（~1.5 μg/m L）. Furthermore, the maternal-fed clofibrate had no impact on the liver weight of the pigs at 0 h and 24 h, but hepatic fatty acid oxidation examined in fresh homogenates showed that clofibrate increased（P 〈 0.01）^14C-accumulation in CO2 and acid soluble products 2.9-fold from [1-^14C]-oleic acid and 1.6-fold from[1-^14C]-lignoceric acid respectively. Correspondingly, clofibrate increased fetal hepatic carnitine palmitoyltransferase（CPT）and acyl-Co A oxidase（ACO） activities by 36% and 42% over controls（P 〈 0.036）. The m RnA abundance of CPT I was 20-fold higher in pigs exposed to clofibrate（P 〈 0.0001） but no differences were detected for ACO and PPARα m RnA between the two ***： These data demonstrate that dietary clofibrate is absorbed by the sow, crosses the placental membrane, and enters fetal circulation to induce hepatic fatty acid oxidation by increasing the CPT and ACO activities of the newborn.

关键词： Clofibrate Fatty acid oxidation Pigs Placenta transfer

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Simultaneous Raman and reflection UV/Vis absorption spectroelectrochemistry

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nano Research 2022年第6期15卷 5340-5346页

作者： sheila Hernandez Juan V.Perales-Rondon Aranzazu Heras Alvaro Colina Department of Chemistry Universidad de BurgosPza.Misael Banuelos s/ñBurgos E-09001Spain Department of Analytical Chemistry Physical Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringUniversity of Alcala.Ctra.Madrid-BarcelonaKm.33.600MadridAlcaláde Henares E-28871Spain

In the present work,a new combination of Raman and ultraviolet and visible(UV/Vis)absorption spectroelectrochemistry in reflection mode is *** new experimental setup allows obtaining the two kinds of spectroscopic data without interferences concomitantly with the electrochemical *** the best of our knowledge,it is the first time to report the simultaneous obtention of electrochemical,electronic,and vibrational information in the same *** new combination provides time-resolved information about the processes that are taking place on the electrode/solution interface which has significant implications in different fields of chemistry,such as modification of electrodes,studies of electrocatalytic reaction mechanisms,development of sensors,among *** different systems were used to demonstrate the advantages and capabilities of the brand-new technique,namely,the oxidation of potassium ferrocyanide,an out-sphere system that is usually employed in the validation of SEC techniques,and the electrochemical-surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy(EC-SERS)detection of crystal violet by in-situ formation of the silver SERS substrate,where the UV/Vis spectra were used to follow the formation of the SERS substrate,whereas the Raman response of a probe molecule was used to confirm either the formation of a nanostructured surface and to obtain the fingerprint of the molecule with a high time *** brand-new experimental setup has shown to be useful,versatile,robust,compact,and easy to use for future applications.

关键词： spectroelectrochemistry surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy(SERS) Raman ultraviolet and visible(UV/Vis)absorption nanoparticles

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In vitro Mutagenesis for the Improvement of Agave Genus

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2023年第7期92卷 2065-2078页

作者： Sugey Vásquez-Hernández Joaquín Adolfo Montes-Molina Federico Antonio Gutiérrez-Miceli sheila Jazmín Reyes-Zambrano Carlos Alberto Lecona-Guzmán Laboratorio de Biotecnología Vegetal TecNM-Campus Tuxtla GutiérrezTuxtla Gutiérrez29050Mexico

Biotechnological techniques provide a viable alternative to help improve and increase the production of plant species of agricultural and economic importance,which have been affected over the years by climate change,increasing their susceptibility to pests and/or diseases,generating losses in production as well as a decrease in their regenerative and genetic *** application of biotechnological techniques such as in vitro mutagenesis offers a viable option for the generation of crops that are resistant to the different factors caused by abiotic and biotic *** vitro mutagenesis has been used in an efficient way to generate genetic changes in different plant ***,these methods have not been studied thoroughly in crops of agro-industrial interest,such as agave,which represents an economic resource of national importance and are considered as endemic species of ***,this literary review aimed to focus on the studies that have been used for the genetic improvement of this species via mutagenesis techniques in plants in the agave ***,the objective was to set a precedent for future genetic studies that aim to obtain more productive regenerants for various industries,such as food and *** is also of great interest to compile information from basic research that helps understand and elucidate a model of possible defense mechanisms that are activated in the Agave genus.

关键词： Biotechnology genetic variations stress mutations resistance

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Selection and Analysis of Polymorphisms in Somaclonal Variants of Agave americana Resistant to Fusarium oxysporum via an Ethyl Methanesulphonate Treatment

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2021年第6期90卷 1727-1739页

作者： sheila Jazmín Reyes-Zambrano Carlos Alberto Lecona-Guzmán Federico Antonio Gutiérrez-Miceli Víctor Manuel Ruiz-Valdiviezo Arely Anayansi Vargas-Díaz Laboratorio de Biotecnología Vegetal Instituto Tecnológico de Tuxtla GutiérrezTecnológico Nacional de MéxicoTuxtla GutiérrezChiapas29050México COnACYT-Colegio de Postgraduados Campus Campeche ChampotónCampeche24450México

Agave americana *** were exposed to different concentrations of ethyl methanesulphonate(EMS)0,15,30,45 and 60 mM and to different times of exposure(2 and 4 h).The viability and capacity of shoot formation were shown to be affected when the callus were exposed to high concentrations(30–60 mM).Only the callus exposed to 15 mM EMS presented shoot formation;the exposure time of two hours produced the largest quantity of shoots regenerated per callus(21 shoots/callus).In order to generate somaclonal variants resistant to Fusarium oxysporum,a selection pressure was applied through of a culture filtrate(CF)of 100 ppm of the *** was made in callus obtained in the treatment with 15 mM EMS during 2 h of *** CF caused oxidation and necrosis in 71.25%of the callus;however,they were capable of generating shoots(3.5 shoots/callus).Molecular markers type RAPD,ISSR and DAMD were used to evaluate the genetic variation arising from the mutations caused by EMS on control plants and 16-month-old somaclonal *** polymorphic information content(PIC)for each one of the initiating groups was:0.28(DAMD),0.09(ISSR)and 0.14(RAPD).DAMD revealed a greater percentage of polymorphism than RAPD and *** bands were detected in the somaclonal *** indicated that the EMS caused genetic variation in the regenerated plants conferring resistance to them against Fusarium oxysporum.

关键词： Mutagenesis polymorphisms genetic variation molecular markers

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Translational pancreatic cancer research:a comparative study on patient-derived xenograft models

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2018年第7期24卷 794-809页

作者： Mercedes Rubio-Manzanares Dorado Luis Miguel Marín Gómez Daniel Aparicio Sánchez sheila Pereira Arenas Juan Manuel Praena-Fernández Juan Jose Borrero Martín Francisco Farfán López Miguel ángel Gómez Bravo Jordi Muntané Relat Javier Padillo Ruiz Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery Virgen del Rocio University Hospital Oncology Surgery Cell Therapy and Organ Transplantation Group Institute of Biomedicine of Seville (IBiS) Virgen del Rocio University Hospital University of Seville Statistics Methodology and Evaluation of Research Unit Virgen del Rocio University Hospital Pathology Department Virgen del Rocio University Hospital

AIM To assess the viability of orthotopic and heterotopic patient-derived pancreatic cancer xenografts implanted into nude *** This study presents a prospective experimental analytical follow-up of the development of tumours in mice upon implantation of human pancreatic adenocarcinoma samples. Specimens were obtained surgically from patients with a pathological diagnosis of pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Tumour samples from pancreatic cancer patients were transplanted into nude mice in three different locations(intraperitoneal, subcutaneous and pancreatic). Histological analysis(haematoxylin-eosin and Masson's trichrome staining) and immunohistochemical assessment of apoptosis(TUnEL), proliferation(Ki-67), angiogenesis(CD31) and fibrogenesis(α-SMA) were performed. When a tumour xenograft reached the target size, it was reimplanted in a new nude mouse. Three sequential tumour xenograft generations were generated(F1, F2 and F3).RESULTS The overall tumour engraftment rate was 61.1%. The subcutaneous model was most effective in terms of tissue growth(69.9%), followed by intraperitoneal(57.6%) and pancreatic(55%) models. Tumour development was faster in the subcutaneous model(17.7 ± 2.6 wk) compared with the pancreatic(23.1 ± 2.3 wk) and intraperitoneal(25.0 ± 2.7 wk) models(P = 0.064). There was a progressive increase in the tumour engraftment rate over successive generations for all three models(F1 28.1% vs F2 71.4% vs F3 80.9%, P no significant differences in tumour xenograft differentiation and cell proliferation between human samples and the three experimental models among the sequential generations of tumour xenografts. However, a progressive decrease in fibrosis, fibrogenesis, tumour vascularisation and apoptosis was observed in the three experimental models compared with the human samples. All three pancreatic patient-derived xenograft models presented similar histological and immunohistochemical *** In our experie

关键词： Immunohistological analysis Pancreatic cancer Patient-derived xenograft Animal model nude mice

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Evolving concepts in bone infection: redefining “biofilm”,“acute vs. chronic osteomyelitis”, “the immune proteome” and “local antibiotic therapy”

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Bone Research 2019年第3期7卷 225-242页

作者： Elysia A. Masters ryan P. Trombetta Karen L. de Mesy Bentley Brendan F Boyce Ann Lindley Gill Steven R. Gill Kohei nishitani Masahiro Ishikawa Yugo Morita Hiromu Ito sheila.n. bello-iriza.ry Mark ninomiya James D. Brodell Jr. Charles C. Lee Stephanie P. Hao Irvin Oh Chao Xie Hani A. Awad John L. Daiss John R. Owen Stephen L. Kates Edward M. Schwarz Gowrishankar Muthukrishnan Center for Musculoskeletal Research University of Rochester Medical Center Rochester NY USA Department of Biomedical Engineering University of Rochester Medical Center Rochester NY USA Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine University of Rochester Medical Center Rochester NY USA Department of Orthopaedics University of Rochester Medical Center Rochester NY USA Department of Microbiology & Immunology University of Rochester Medical Center Rochester NY USA Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Kyoto University Kyoto Japan Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Virginia Commonwealth University Medical Center Richmond VA USA

Osteomyelitis is a devastating disease caused by microbial infection of bone. While the frequency of infection following elective orthopedic surgery is low, rates of reinfection are disturbingly high. Staphylococcus aureus is responsible for the majority of chronic osteomyelitis cases and is often considered to be incurable due to bacterial persistence deep within bone. Unfortunately, there is no consensus on clinical classifications of osteomyelitis and the ensuing treatment algorithm. Given the high patient morbidity,mortality, and economic burden caused by osteomyelitis, it is important to elucidate mechanisms of bone infection to inform novel strategies for prevention and curative treatment. Recent discoveries in this field have identified three distinct reservoirs of bacterial biofilm including: Staphylococcal abscess communities in the local soft tissue and bone marrow, glycocalyx formation on implant hardware and necrotic tissue, and colonization of the osteocyte-lacuno canalicular network(OLCn) of cortical bone. In contrast, *** intracellular persistence in bone cells has not been substantiated in vivo, which challenges this mode of chronic osteomyelitis. There have also been major advances in our understanding of the immune proteome against S. aureus, from clinical studies of serum antibodies and media enriched for newly synthesized antibodies(MEnSA), which may provide new opportunities for osteomyelitis diagnosis, prognosis, and vaccine development. Finally, novel therapies such as antimicrobial implant coatings and antibiotic impregnated 3D-printed scaffolds represent promising strategies for preventing and managing this devastating disease. Here, we review these recent advances and highlight translational opportunities towards a cure.

关键词： disease caused by soft tissue necrotic tissuel

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Double-blind randomized controlled study of the efficacy, safety and tolerability of eszopiclone vs placebo for the treatment of patients with post-traumatic stress disorder and insomnia

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World Journal of Psychiatry 2020年第3期10卷 21-28页

作者： sheila M Dowd Alyson K Zalta Helen J Burgess Elizabeth C Adkins Zerbrina Valdespino-Hayden Mark H Pollack Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Rush University Medical CenterChicagoIL 60601United States Department of Psychological Science University of California IrvineIrvineCA 92697United States Sleep and Circadian Research Laboratory Department of PsychiatryUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMI 48109United States Center for Behavioral Intervention Technologies|Department of Preventive Medicine Northwestern University Feinberg School of MedicineChicagoIL 60611United States Department of Psychology Montclair State UniversityMontclairNJ 07043United States

BACKGROUnD Sleep disturbance is a core feature of post-traumatic stress disorder(PTSD).Given the relationship between sleep disturbance and PTSD,there has been a relative paucity of studies examining the potential therapeutic impact of using pharmacotherapy to target sleep disturbance in patients with ***(ESZ)is a non-benzodiazepine y-aminobutyric acid-A receptor agonist indicated for the treatment of sleep and may affect sleep in patients with *** To evaluate the efficacy of ESZ vs placebo(PBO)for patients with PTSD and *** The study was a 12-wk,double blind,randomized controlled trial with 3 mg of ESZ(n=13)or PBO(n=12).RESULTS Patients in both arms experienced significant improvement in PTSD symptoms as assessed by the Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale for DSM-IV(CAPS):ESZ(t11=-3.12,P=0.005)and PBO(t11=-3.5,P=0.002)and by self-report with the Short PTSD Rating Interview(ESZ t11=-3.38,P=0.003 and PBO t11=-4.48,P=0.0005).There were no significant differences between treatments on the CAPS(t22=-0.13,P=0.70)or the Short PTSD Rating Interview(t22=-0.58,P=0.56).Similarly,both treated groups improved on sleep measures as assessed by the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index with PTSD Addendum(PSQI)and on total sleep time(TST)and sleep latency assessed by actigraphy with no significant differences between groups(PSQI t22=-0.24,P=0.81;total sleep time t10=0.13,P=0.90 and sleep latency t10=0.68,P=0.50).There was a significant correlation between improvement in sleep and overall improvement in PTSD as measured by change scores on the PSQI and CAPS,r(8)=0.79,P=0.01 for ESZ treated subjects,but not for those treated with PBO r(9)=0.16,P=*** events of ESZ were consistent with the known profile of the medication including dysgeusia(30%,mild),sedation(20%,mild)and headache(20%,moderate to severe).COnCLUSIOn Results do not support the hypothesis of a specific positive effect of ESZ compared to PBO for measures of PTSD and associated sleep disturban

关键词： Trauma Sleep disturbance Hypnotic Post-traumatic stress disorder

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Overexpression of Arabidopsis thaliana PTEn Caused Accumulation of Autophagic Bodies in Pollen Tubes by Disrupting Phosphatidylinositol 3-Phosphate Dynamics

Overexpression of Arabidopsis thaliana PTEN Caused Accumulat...

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2011全国植物生物学研讨会

作者： Emily Fox James Pao sheila McCormick Plant Gene Expression Center United States Department of Agriculture/Agricultural Research Service Department of Plant and Microbial Biology University of California at Berkeley800 Buchanan St.AlbanyCalifornia94710

Autophagy is a pathway in eukaryotes by which nutrient remobilization occurs through bulk protein and organelle *** not only aides cells in coping with harsh environments but also plays a key role in many physiological processes, including pollen germination and tube *** autophagic components are conserved among eukaryotes,but phylum-specific molecular components also exist. We show here that Arabidopsis thaliana PTEn,a protein and lipid dual phosphatase homologous to animal PTEns(phosphatase and tensin homologs deleted on

关键词： Arabidopsis thaliana autophagy POP phosphatase endosome n-myristolyation tobacco

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Thermal Behavior of Coal and Biomass Blends in Inert and Oxidizing Gaseous Environments

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International Journal of Clean Coal and Energy 2012年第3期1卷 35-42页

作者： Ping Wang sheila W. Hedges Kent Casleton Chris Guenther Department of Energy (DOE) National Energy Technology Laboratory (NETL) Morgantown USA Department of Energy (DOE) National Energy Technology Laboratory (NETL) Pittsburgh USA

Oxy-fuel combustion and gasification (pre-combustion) may have potential for capturing carbon dioxide at lower costs for power generation. Oxy-co-firing and co-gasifying coal with biomass could further reduce effective CO2 emissions and utilize renewable energy resources. A key feature of these two approaches is that they process fuel in concentrated CO2 or O2/CO2 instead of n2 or O2/n2. Accurate predictive models of these processes using blends of coal and biomass can be used in process simulation and could aid in the development and implementation of these technologies. To develop these accurate predictive models, it is important to understand the conversion routes and thermal behavior of these fuels in appropriate gas environments. The objectives of this study are to investigate the impact of inert and oxidative gaseous environments on thermal behavior and reactivity of coal and biomass blends and to study the effect of biomass percentage on coal/biomass blend co-utilization. Fuel samples included a Powder River Basin (PRB) sub-bituminous coal, yellow pine wood sawdust pellets, and mixtures of 10 and 20 weight percent wood in coal. The samples were tested under n2, CO2, and 10% O2 in CO2 by volume using a non-isothermal thermogravimetric method for temperatures up to 1000℃. Fuel weight losses of both coal and wood are essentially the same in CO2 as in n2 in the low temperature range, but higher in 10% O2 in CO2 compared to n2 and CO2. However, total weight losses at 1000℃ under CO2 and 10% O2 in CO2 are similar and higher than in n2 due to char gasification by the CO2 and combustion by O2. The char combustion in 10% O2 in CO2 takes place at lower temperature than char gasification in CO2. Coal and wood blends have higher reactivity compared to coal alone in the lower temperature range due to the high volatile matter content of wood. Interactions of wood and coal in these gas environments and blend percentage are discussed.

关键词： Pyrolysis Gasification Combustion Coal-Biomass Blends

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Socio-Economic Vulnerability to COVID-19: The Spatial Case of Greater Kampala Metropolitan Area (GKMA)

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Journal of Geographic Information System 2020年第4期12卷 302-318页

作者： Ivan Bamweyana Daniel A. Okello Ronald Ssengendo Allan Mazimwe Patrick Ojirot Fahad Mubiru Laban ndungo Consolate n. Kiyingi Alex ndyabakira sheila Bamweyana Flavia Zabali Directorate of Physical Planning Kampala Capital City Authority Kampala Uganda Department of Geomatics and Land Management Makerere University Kampala Uganda Land Surveying Chapter Institution of Surveyors Uganda Kampala Directorate of Public Health and Environment Kampala Capital City Authority Kampala Uganda Solutions Team Esri Eastern Africa Nairobi Kenya MU-JHU Research Collaboration Makerere University Kampala Uganda

COVID-19 has presented itself with an extreme impact on the resources of its epi-centres. In Uganda, there is uncertainty about what will happen especially in the main urban hub, the Greater Kampala Metropolitan Area (GKMA). Consequently, public health professionals have scrambled into resource-driven strategies and planning to tame the spread. This paper, therefore, deploys spatial modelling to contribute to an understanding of the spatial variation of COVID-19 vulnerability in the GKMA using the socio-economic characteristics of the region. Based on expert opinion on the prevailing novel Coronavirus, spatially driven indicators were generated to assess vulnerability. Through an online survey and auxiliary datasets, these indicators were transformed, classified, and weighted based on the BBC vulnerability framework. These were spatially modelled to assess the vulnerability indices. The resultant continuous indices were aggregated, explicitly zoned, classified, and ranked based on parishes. The resultant spatial nature of vulnerability to COVID-19 in the GKMA sprawls out of major urban areas, diffuses into the peri-urban, and thins into the sparsely populated areas. The high levels of vulnerability (24.5% parishes) are concentrated in the major towns where there are many shopping malls, transactional offices, and transport hubs. nearly half the total parishes in the GKMA (47.3%) were moderately vulnerable, these constituted mainly the parishes on the outskirts of the major towns while 28.2% had a low vulnerability. The spatial approach presented in this paper contributes to providing a rapid assessment of the socio-economic vulnerability based on administrative decision units-parishes. This essentially equips the public health domain with the right diagnosis to subject the highly exposed and vulnerable communities to regulatory policy, increase resilience incentives in low adaptive areas and optimally deploy resources to avoid the emancipation of high susceptibility

关键词： COVID-19 Socio-Economic Vulnerability Spatial Modelling Greater Kampala Metropolitan Area

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