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A high-power electromagnetic source for disabling improvised explosive devices

High Voltage 2024年第2期9卷 403-409页

作者： Laurent Ariztia Njomza Ibrahimi Alexey Zhabin Antoine Silvestre de Ferron marc Rivaletto Edson martinod Valérie Bertrand Bucur Novac Laurent Pécastaing Universite de Pau et des Pays de l’Adour E2S UPPASIAMEPauFrance XLIm UMR CNRS BriveLimogesFrance CISTEmE LimogesFrance Wolfson School of mechanical Electrical and Manufacturing EngineeringLoughborough UniversityLoughboroughLeicestershireUK

Ultra-wideband(UWB)microwave sources driven by specialised pulsed power generators have experienced a considerable development in the last decade due to their wide domain of new applications such as defence or counter-terrorism *** authors present the main findings of a research dedicated to the development of a pulsed power-driven electromagnetic field source for disabling improvised explosive devices(IEd).The pulsed power generator driving the source is a 13-stage compact marx producing voltage pulses reaching an amplitude of 0.5 mV,with a pulse repetition frequency(PRF)of up to 100 *** generator is coupled to a bipolar pulse forming line,providing bipolar pulses with a dV/dt of around 1.6 mV/*** pulsed power system feeds an array composed of 16 Koshelev-type UWB antennas through an impedance matching *** resulting electromagnetic source is capable to produce pulsed electric fields(PEFs)having a figure-of-merit(FOm)of 1 ***,practical experiments were carried out to study the effects of the PEFs on *** targets used in the present study are m2B type flashbulbs,known to have the same susceptibility as the US army m6 *** configurations of wires(shielded,twisted,etc)with different lengths were used in connecting items inside these *** tests were performed by placing the flashbulbs at different distances to determine the essential parameters(i.e.,amplitude,duration,and frequency range)of the PEFs required to trigger *** overview of the experimental campaign and the main findings are also presented followed by conclusions.

关键词： power bipolar source

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Growth and immune response of pond-reared giant freshwater prawn macrobrachium rosenbergii post larvae fed diets containing Chlorella vulgaris

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Aquaculture and Fisheries 2021年第5期6卷 465-470页

作者： Gian Carlo F.maliwat Stephanie F.Velasquez sheila m.rie d.buluran melchor m.Tayamen Janice A.Ragaza department of Biology School of Science and EngineeringAteneo de Manila UniversityKatipunan AvenueLoyola HeightsQuezon CityMetro Manila1108Philippines School of Fisheries Aquaculture and Aquatic SciencesAuburn UniversityAuburn36849AlabamaUSA Bureau of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources National Freshwater Fisheries TechnologyCenter Mu~noz Science CityNueva Ecija3120Philippines

A 70-day feeding trial was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of Chlorella vulgaris supplementation in diets of giant freshwater prawn(macrobrachium rosenbergii)post *** of the prawns against Aeromonas hydrophila and several immune parameters(total hemocyte count and prophenoloxidase activity)were also assessed in the ***-nitrogenous,iso-lipidic,and iso-caloric prawn feeds were prepared utilizing a fishmeal based positive control diet(F0)and four dietary treatments with *** inclusion levels of 2(F2),4(F4),6(F6),and 8(F8)%.Post larvae of *** were stocked randomly(mean initial body weight of 0.39�0.38 g)in fifteen net cages(8.1 m�8.9 m with an average depth of 1 m)in an earthen pond for the assessment of growth *** growth indices for prawn fed Chlorella containing diets were enhanced in comparison to the control *** fed diets with Chlorella showed significantly higher(Pdase activity,total hemocyte counts,and survival rates post bacterial *** findings demonstrated that inclusion of 4%,6%,and 8%*** in prawn diets provided optimal growth rates and improved immunity of the post larvae.

关键词： Chlorella vulgaris macrobrachium rosenbergii Aeromonas hydrophila Growth performance Prophenoloxidase activity Haemocyte count

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Comparative Study of Gut microbiota in Breast Cancer Patients versus Controls in Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire

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Advances in microbiology 2024年第9期14卷 405-415页

作者： m’Bengue Gbonon Valérie Gnahore djeda Franck Kouadio Kouamé Assohoun Stanislas Coulibaly Safiatou diplo Flore Bernadette Sekongo mamadou Osseni Akandji Afran Sidje Arlette N’Guessan Jean-david dosso mireille molecular Genetics Platform Institut Pasteur de Cte dIvoire Abidjan Cte dIvoire Laboratory of Biology and Health UFR Biosciences Flix Houphout Boigny University Abidjan Cte dIvoire department of Environment and Health Institut Pasteur de Cte dIvoire Abidjan Cte dIvoire Bioinformatics & Computational Biology Group National Computing Center of Cte dIvoire Flix Houphout Boigny University Bingerville Cte dIvoire National Blood Transfusion Center Abidjan Cte dIvoire Oncology department Treichville University Hospital Abidjan Cte dIvoire

Context: The gut microbiota represents a complex ecosystem encompassing all unicellular microorganisms residing in the digestive tract, primarily bacteria, fungi, archaea, and even viruses. The relationship between the host and the microbiota is symbiotic: bacteria benefit from a stable environment, while the host gains numerous capabilities in terms of digestion, metabolism, nutrition, and immunity. However, numerous studies suggest that the gut microbiota plays a crucial role in various non-communicable diseases, including obesity, chronic inflammatory bowel diseases, allergic and immune disorders, behavioral disorders, and even certain cancers. The objective of our study was to characterize the gut microbiota of a group of breast cancer patients by comparing it to that of control subjects in Côte d’Ivoire, using a metagenomic approach. method: A case-control study was conducted from may 2020 to September 2023. A total of 85 women (39 cases and 46 controls) were recruited, and stool samples were collected from both breast cancer patients and healthy women. Among these, ten (10) samples from patients and ten (10) samples from healthy women were randomly selected for the study of the gut microbiota. The gut microbiota was characterized by sequencing the V4 region of 16S rRNA using metagenomic NGS technology, and bioinformatic analysis was performed using the mothur pipeline. Results: In women with breast cancer, we observed a reduction in the relative abundance of the phyla Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes, as well as an increase in the phyla Actinobacteria and Verrucomicrobia. Additionally, their microbiota exhibited lower Chao1 and Sobs diversities compared to the control women (p molecular variance analysis (AmOVA) revealed a significant difference between the case and control groups (p dy has highlighted a significant difference in the relative abundance of major phyla within the gut microbiota of cases compared to healthy controls. It wil

关键词： Gut microbiota 16S metagenomic Sequencing Breast Cancer dysbiosis

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Eco-Epidemiological Characteristics of Human Rabies in Côte d’Ivoire, 2012-2017

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Advances in Infectious diseases 2024年第1期14卷 13-23页

作者： Zamina Bi Yourou Guillaume Tiembré Issiaka Konan Loukou Leandre Bama martial Yapi Ellélé Aimé Gouzilé Assikohon Pulchérie dagnan N’Cho Simplice National Institute of Public Hygiene Abidjan C&#244te d’Ivoire département de Santé Publique et Spécialités UFR des Sciences Médicales d’Abidjan Université Félix HOUPHOU&#203T-BOIGNY de Cocody Abidjan C&#244te d’Ivoire Institut National de Santé Publique Abidjan C&#244te d’Ivoire

Introduction: Human rabies is a major public health problem in many African countries, including Côte d’Ivoire. The present work aims at describing the eco-epidemiological characteristics of human rabies cases recorded in Côte d’Ivoire. methods: This was a retrospective and prospective cross-sectional descriptive study based on epidemiological surveillance data that ran from september 2014 to december 2017. The clinical data were extracted from the database of the human rabies epidemiological surveillance management service of the National Institute of Public Hygiene’s rabies centre. These data cover the period from 1 January 2012 to 31 december 2017. Results: Human rabies is endemic in Côte d’Ivoire, with most people exposed in the south and especially in the west of the country. There was no association between any of the climatological parameters (temperature, humidity, rainfall) and the occurrence of human rabies during the months of exposure to rabies infection. Conclusion: Ultimately, effective prevention and control of human rabies requires a thorough understanding of the links between climatological parameters and rabies. Health authorities must take ownership of these results if we are to achieve our goal of eliminating rabies by 2030.

关键词： Human Rabies Season Climate Abidjan Ivory Coast

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dissemination of Resistance Integrons and Genes Coding for Blse and Cabapenemases in the Urban drainage Network in Cote d’Ivoire

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Advances in microbiology 2024年第5期14卷 268-286页

作者： Coulibaly Kalpy Julien diaby Aboubakar Sidik Vakou N’dri Sabine m’bengue Gbonon Valérie Carole Claon Jean Stephane Yao Kouamé Eric Gnali Gbohounou Fabrice Yéo Yéfougnini Bagré Issa djaman Allico Joseph dosso mireille Pasteur Institute of Ivory Coast Abidjan C&#244te d&#8217Ivoire Fé lix Houphou&#235t-Boigny University Abidjan C&#244te d&#8217Ivoire

Antibiotic resistance has become a major threat to human health worldwide. Environment, particularly the water environment, has long been overlooked as a player in the antibiotic resistance cycle, although its role remains unclear. These can provide an ideal setting for the acquisition and dissemination of antibiotic resistance, as they are frequently affected by anthropogenic activities. The objective of this study was to establish a diffusion map of resistance integrons used as genetic markers of resistance associated with antibiotic resistance conferring genes (ARGs). Total dNA extracts from non-cultivable bacterial communities were used for the analyses. These communities were obtained from wastewater samples from 14 sites upstream and downstream of drainage channels or effluents in the cities of Abidjan, Bouaké, and Yamoussoukro. The results obtained correspond to the number of positives among the treated samples (n = 39). Among the genetic markers of dissemination, class 1 integrons were the most evident in 94.8% of samples in Abidjan (93.3%), Bouaké (100%) and Yamoussoukro (91.6%). Class 2 integrons and class 3 integrons were found respectively in 41% and 51% of all samples. Genes coding for β-lactamases and blaTEm was identified in almost all samples at a rate of 97.4%. A co-presence of the three genes blaTEm, blaSHV and blaCTX-m is also remarkable in the sites of the city of Yamoussoukro. Among the genes coding for carbapenemases, only blaKPC 17.94%, blaNdm 30.76% and blaOXA48 38.46% were detected in the samples.

关键词： Antibiotic Resistance Wastewater Resistance Integrons (RIs) Resistance Genes

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Increased Filamentous Growth of Candida albicans in Simulated microgravity

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Genomics, Proteomics & Bioinformatics 2008年第1期6卷 42-50页

作者： Sara d. Altenburg sheila m. Nielsen-Preiss Linda E. Hyman division of Health Sciences and department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience Montana State UniversityBozeman MT 59717 USA

Knowledge of simulated microgravity （SmG）-induced changes in the pathogenicity of microorganisms is important for success of long-term spaceflight. In a previous study using the high aspect ratio vessel bioreactor, we showed that the yeast species Saccharomyces cerevisiae underwent a significant phenotypic response when grown in modeled microgravity, which was reflected in the analysis of gene expression profiles. In this study, we establish that Candida albicans responds to SmG in a similar fashion, demonstrating that there is a conserved response among yeast to this environmental stress. We also report that the growth of C. albicans in SmG results in a morphogenic switch that is consistent with enhanced pathogenicity. Specifically, we observed an increase in filamentous forms of the organism and accompanying changes in the expression of two genes associated with the yeasthyphal transition. The morphological response may have significant implications for astronauts＇ safety, as the fungal pathogen may become more virulent during spaceflight.

关键词： yeast Candida albicans SmG HARV HWP1 YWP1

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R-spondin-2 is a Wnt agonist that regulates osteoblast activity and bone mass

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Bone Research 2018年第3期6卷 289-302页

作者： m.Noelle Knight Kannan Karuppaiah michele Lowe Sarthak mohanty Robert L.Zondervan sheila Bell Jaimo Ahn Kurt d.Hankenson department of Orthopaedic Surgery Perelman School of Medicine University of Pennsylvania department of Orthopaedic Surgery University of Michigan Medical School division of Pulmonary Biology Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center

The R-spondin family of proteins are Wnt agonists, and the complete embryonic disruption of Rspo2 results in skeletal developmental defects that recapitulate the phenotype observed with Lrp5/6 deficiency. Previous work has shown that R-spondin-2(Rspo2, RSPO2) is both highly expressed in Wnt-stimulated pre-osteoblasts and its overexpression induces osteoblast differentiation in the same cells, supporting its putative role as a positive autocrine regulator of osteoblastogenesis. However, the role of Rspo2 in regulating osteoblastogenesis and bone formation in postnatal bone has not been explored. Here we show that limb-bud progenitor cells from Rspo2 knockout mice undergo reduced mineralization during osteoblastogenesis in vitro and have a corresponding alteration in their osteogenic gene expression profile. We also generated the first Rspo2 conditional knockout(Rspo2 floxed) mouse and disrupted Rspo2 expression in osteoblast-lineage cells by crossing to the Osteocalcin-Cre mouse line(OcnCre + Rspo2 ^(f/f)). Ocn-Cre + Rspo2 f/fmale and female mice at 1, 3, and 6 months were examined. Ocn-Cre + Rspo2 f/fmice are decreased in overall body size compared to their control littermates and have decreased bone mass. Histomorphometric analysis of1-month-old mice revealed a similar number of osteoblasts and mineralizing surface per bone surface with a simultaneous decrease in mineral apposition and bone formation rates. Consistent with this observation, serum osteocalcin in 3-month-old Ocn-Cre +Rspo2 f/fwas reduced, and bone marrow-mesenchymal stem cells from Ocn-Cre + Rspo2 f/fmice undergo less mineralization in ***, gene expression analysis and immunohistochemistry of mature bone shows reduced beta-catenin signaling in Ocn-Cre +Rspo2 f/f. Overall, RSPO2 reduces osteoblastogenesis and mineralization, leading to reduced bone mass.

关键词： The R-spondin family Wnt-stimulated pre-osteoblasts

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Transplacental induction of fatty acid oxidation in term fetal pigs by the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha agonist clofibrate

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2016年第3期7卷 341-352页

作者： Xi Lin sheila Jacobi Jack Odle Laboratory of developmental Nutrition Department of Animal SciencesNorth Carolina State University

Background： To induce peroxisomal proliferator-activated receptor α（PPARα） expression and increase milk fat utilization in pigs at birth, the effect of maternal feeding of the PPARα agonist, clofibrate（2-（4-chlorophenoxy）-2-methyl-propanoic acid, ethyl ester）, on fatty acid oxidation was examined at ful-term delivery（0 h） and 24 h after delivery in this *** group of pigs（n = 10） was delivered from pregnant sows fed a commercial diet with or without 0.8% clofibrate for the last 7 d of gestation. Blood samples were col ected from the utero-ovarian artery of the sows and the umbilical cords of the pigs as they were removed from the sows by C-section on day 113 of ***： HPLC analysis identified that clofibric acid was present in the plasma of the clofibrate-fed sow（~4.2 μg/m L）and its offspring（~1.5 μg/m L）. Furthermore, the maternal-fed clofibrate had no impact on the liver weight of the pigs at 0 h and 24 h, but hepatic fatty acid oxidation examined in fresh homogenates showed that clofibrate increased（P 〈 0.01）^14C-accumulation in CO2 and acid soluble products 2.9-fold from [1-^14C]-oleic acid and 1.6-fold from[1-^14C]-lignoceric acid respectively. Correspondingly, clofibrate increased fetal hepatic carnitine palmitoyltransferase（CPT）and acyl-Co A oxidase（ACO） activities by 36% and 42% over controls（P 〈 0.036）. The m RNA abundance of CPT I was 20-fold higher in pigs exposed to clofibrate（P 〈 0.0001） but no differences were detected for ACO and PPARα m RNA between the two ***： These data demonstrate that dietary clofibrate is absorbed by the sow, crosses the placental membrane, and enters fetal circulation to induce hepatic fatty acid oxidation by increasing the CPT and ACO activities of the newborn.

关键词： Clofibrate Fatty acid oxidation Pigs Placenta transfer

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Increasing the effectiveness of intracerebral injections in adult and neonatal mice: a neurosurgical point of view

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2015年第6期31卷 685-696页

作者： Bertrand mathon m.rie Nassar Jean Simonnet Caroline Le duigou Stéphane Clemenceau Richard miles desdemona Fricker department of Neurosurgery Groupe Hospitalier Universitaire de La Pitié-SalpêtrièreAPHPF-75013ParisFrance Inserm U 1127F-75013ParisFrance CNRS UMR 7225F-75013ParisFrance Sorbonne Universités UPMC Univ Paris 06UMR S 1127F-75013ParisFrance Institut du Cerveau et de la moelle épinière ICMF-75013ParisFrance

Intracerebral injections of tracers or viral constructs in rodents are now commonly used in the neurosciences and must be executed perfectly. The purpose of this article is to update existing protocols for intracerebral injections in adult and neonatal mice. Our procedure for stereotaxic injections in adult mice allows the investigator to improve the effectiveness and safety, and save time. Furthermore, for the first time, we describe a two-handed procedure for intracerebral injections in neonatal mice that can be performed by a single operator in a very short time. Our technique using the stereotaxic arm allows a higher precision than freehand techniques previously described. Stereotaxic injections in adult mice can be performed in 20 min and have 〉90% efficacy in targeting the injection site. Injections in neonatal mice can be performed in 5 min. Efficacy depends on the difficulty of precisely localizing the injection sites, due to the small size of the animal. We describe an innovative, effortless, and reproducible surgical protocol for intracerebral injections in adult and neonatal mice.

关键词： rodents surgery neurosciencesstereotaxic injection newborn mice neonatal brain

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Crowth Arrest Recovery Lines in Hypoparathyroidism 1

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实用放射学杂志 1987年第3期 166-167页

作者： Richard A. Rosen, m. d sheila m. deshmukh, m. d.

BECAUSE of the infrequency of hypoparathyroidism and the Paucity of radiographic findings observed in this disease, the diagnosis is rarely made by the radiologist. By far the most common cause of the process is the i... 详细信息

关键词： Crowth Arrest Recovery Lines in Hypoparathyroidism 1

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