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Assessment of Extent and Severity of Pellet Induced Abdominal Injuries, a Rare Variant of Weapon Violence: A Prospective Study

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Surgical Science 2016年第10期7卷 475-483页

作者： Azher Mushtaq Atif Naeem Raja Hilal Ahmad Wani shaukat A. jeelani Nazia Hilal Ishfaq Ahmed Gilkar Government Medical College Srinagar India

Background: The use of a Pellet gun, a form of short gun used for mob control in many conflict zones, has posed a serious challenge to the surgeons in assessing the extent of trauma caused by these pellets. Objectives: To study the role of conventional available investigations for trauma like ultrasonography and computed tomography scans in assessing the severity of the injuries caused by the pellets. Methodology: 50 patients having pellet injuries predominantly in abdomen without other associated trauma were included in the study. The decision for surgery was taken on the basis of clinical and CECT (Contrast Enhanced Computed Tomography) findings and these findings were then compared with intra-operative findings. Results: 30/50 patients were decided to be operated on the basis of Clinical and CECT findings. On exploration, it was observed that 18/33 patients really needed exploration while as 15/33 patients could have been managed conservatively. This was observed in next 20/50 patients who were put on conservative management with similar CECT findings. Of these 20 patients, 17 did well while as 3 were explored later in view of developing peritonitis and were found to have small bowel perforations. Conclusion: Conventional investigations for trauma like FAST and CECT abdomen are not ideal for assessing the severity of pellet induced abdominal visceral injuries which result in high rate of unnecessary laparotomies. Also the abdominal pellet trauma patients can be well managed conservatively until hemodynamically stable even though CT scan shows pellet penetration into peritoneal cavity or bowel lumen.

关键词： Pellets Bowel Perforation Laparotomy

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Open Underlay Mesh Reinforced Large Incisional Hernia Repair—Prospective Observational Hospital Based Study

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Surgical Science 2019年第3期10卷 94-105页

作者： Umer Mushtaq Ishfaq Ahmad Gilkar Javid Ahmad Peer shaukat jeelani Asgar Aziz Farzanah Nowreen Yaser Hussain Wani Yaqoob Hassan Drjavidahmad Peer University of Kashmir Srinagar India

Introduction: Incisional hernias frequently complicate abdominal surgeries with a varied incidence as reported to be 2% - 20%. The risk factors of development of incisional hernias include immunocompromised state, diabetes mellitus, smoking, obesity, wound infection at the index surgery, emergency surgery. Materials and Methods: The study design was prospective and included 62 patients with incisional hernias. The patients were evaluated preoperatively on OPD basis with history, clinical examination, baseline investigation, ultrasound abdomen and computed tomogram. Results: The mean age was 48.9 years with male:female ratio of 1:1.4. Mean BMI was 30.1 kg/m2. Out of 62 patients in the study 61.2% had concomitant hypertension and were on treatment for the same. 30.6% were clinically hypothyroid, 38.7% were diabetic and 54.8% were smokers. There were multiple factors present in patients in the current study which were observed to be possible to have risked the patients to incisional hernias after an abdominal surgery. 21 patients had defect size ranging from 5 to 10 cm and 41 patients were bearing a hernia of the defect size of 10 cm or more. The mean operative time was 221.7 minutes. Conclusion: Incisional hernias are a part of surgical practice that would probably glue to it to the end of time. A progression from primitive suture repair with recurrence rates of over 65% to modern day mesh reinforced repairs with recurrences aimed at 0% is always welcome. But still then the placement of mesh in different positions or layers of abdominal wall yields different results.

关键词： Hernia Mesh Necrosis

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Percutaneous Cholecystostomy in High Risk Patients with Acute Cholecystitis

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Surgical Science 2017年第3期8卷 154-161页

作者： Mujahid Ahmad Mir Sheikh Viqar Manzoor Farooq Ahmad Reshi Waheed Ahmad Zargar shaukat jeelani Faraidon Faiq Ahmad Aung Zar Ko Balvinder Singh Department of General Surgery Government Medical College Srinagar India

Aims and Objectives: To assess efficacy and safety of percutaneous cholecystostomy (PC) in high risk patients with acute cholecystitis. Materials and Methods: The study was carried out in high risk patients with acute calculous or acalculous cholecystitis. Patients qualifying for the study were subjected to PC under ultrasound (USG) guidance. A cholecystogram was done postoperatively, to help establish satisfactory catheter position. Results: 24 (70.59%) patients had empyema-gallbladder, 8 (23.53%) had acute calcular cholecystitis and 2 (5.9%) patients were diagnosed as acalcular cholecystitis. None of the patients was fit for general anesthesia at the time of admission. Median hospital-stay after performing procedure was 4 days. Clinical success rate was reported 100% in our study. Bile cultures yielded growth of E Coli in 10 (29.41%), klebsela in 8 (23.53%), pseudomonas aeruginosa in 6 (17.65%) and Proteus mirabilis in 4 (11.8%) of patients. 6 (17.65%) patients did not grow any organism in their bile. Growth noted was sensitive to imipenem 29.41% (10), ciprofloxacin 17.65% (6), levofloxacin 17.65% % (6) and cefuroxime 11.76% (4). No major complication was recorded in our study. No procedure related death was observed. Tube displacement occurred in one patient and minor bleeding was reported in 2 patients. Catheter was removed after a mean of 25.25 days. All patients underwent definitive surgical intervention during the follow up period of 3 months. Conclusion: USG guided PC is a safe and effective procedure for treating high-risk patients who present with acute cholecystitis. Once the acute symptoms diminish or resolve, it should be followed by elective surgery.

关键词： Percutaneous Cholecystostomy Cholecystitis Ultrasound High Risk Cholecystogram

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Clinicopathological Profile of Breast Cancer Patients at a Tertiary Care Hospital in Kashmir Valley

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Surgical Science 2017年第3期8卷 162-168页

作者： Mujahid Ahmad Mir Farzana Manzoor Balvinder Singh Wasim Raja shaukat jeelani Waheed Ahmad Zargar Faraidon Faiq Ahmad Aung Zar Ko Imteyaz Ahmad Sofi Department of General Surgery Government Medical College Srinagar India

Introduction: Breast cancer is the commonest malignancy in women worldwide. There are considerable variations in risk factors and presentation of the disease region wise. The present study aimed to describe clinical and pathological profile of breast cancer patients attending tertiary care hospital. Method: All consenting patients attending to surgical out-patient department (OPD) with complaints pertaining to breast disease were enrolled from 16th June 2015 to 15th June 2016. The patients were followed and demographic, clinical and pathologic information was recorded and analysed. Results: Total Of 180 patients with breast disease were enrolled. 34/100 were diagnosed of malignancy and formed the cases of the present study. Age of the patients ranged from 22 to 60 years with mean age of 42.06 ± 10.7 years. All the patients presented as breast lump variably associated with pain or discharge. Infiltrating Ductal Carcinoma Not Otherwise Specified (IDC NOS) was common histologic diagnosis (76.47%). Conclusion: Breast carcinoma presents with painless lump and patients are usually diagnosed in our setup at locally advanced stage. Implementation of the simple and effective screening programs for early detection is urgent need in our population.

关键词： Breast Cancer Histopathology Infiltrating Ductal Carcinoma Lump Risk Factors Stage

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MicroRNAs modulation in lung cancer: exploring dual mechanisms and clinical prospects

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BIOCELL 2024年第3期48卷 403-413页

作者： SHAHID HUSSAIN HABIB BOKHARI XINGXING FAN shaukat IQBAL MALIK SUNDAS IJAZ MUHAMMAD ADNAN SHEREEN AIMAN FATIMA Department of Biotechnology Kohsar University MurreeMurreePakistan Macao University of Science and Technology State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicines TaipaMacao Department of Bioinformatics and Biosciences Capital University of Science and TechnologyIslamabadPakistan Department of Microbiology Kohsar University MurreeMurreePakistan

The global incidence of lung cancer is marked by a considerably elevated mortality ***(miRNAs)exert pivotal inﬂuence in the intricate orchestration of gene regulation,and their dysregulation can precipitate dire consequences,notably *** this context,miRNAs encapsulated in exosomes manifest a diversiﬁed impact on the landscape of lung cancer,wherein their actions may either foster angiogenesis,cell proliferation,and metastasis,or counteract these *** comprehensive review article discerns potential targets for the prospective development of therapeutic agents tailored for lung ***-suppressive miRNAs,such as miR-204,miR-192,miR-30a,miR-34a,miR-34b,miR-203,and miR-212,exhibit heightened expression and demonstrate the capacity to inhibit cellular proliferation and ***,the deleterious effects of tumor-promoting miRNAs like miR-21,miR-106a,miR-155,miR-205,and miR-210 can be attenuated through the application of their respective *** miRNAs selectively target various oncogenes,including NUAK Family Kinase 1(NUAK1),Snail Family Transcriptional Repressor 1(Snai1),Astrocyte elevated gene-1(AEG-1),Vimentin,Proliferation and apoptosis adaptor protein 15(PEA-15/PED),Hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha(HIF1),as well as tumor suppressor genes such as phosphatase and tensin homolog(PTEN),Suppressor of cytokine signaling 1(SOCS1),Tumor protein P53 binding protein 1(TP53BP1),and PH Domain and Leucine Rich Repeat Protein Phosphatase 2(PHLP22).This investigative approach proves invaluable in elucidating the speciﬁc miRNAs implicated in the deregulation of crucial genes pivotal to the pathogenesis of cancer.

关键词： miRNAs Oncogenes Tumor suppressive genes Lung cancer therapy

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继代培养球孢白僵菌对斜纹夜蛾幼虫毒力和产孢量的影响及菌株复壮研究

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广东农业科学 2024年第2期51卷 92-100页

作者：陈记娟朱碧锋李皓龙 shaukat Ali 吴建辉华南农业大学植物保护学院/广东省农业害虫生物防治工程技术研究中心广东广州510642

【目的】明确球孢白僵菌(Beauveria bassiana)在连续继代培养过程中对斜纹夜蛾(Spodoptera litura)二龄幼虫毒力、产孢量的影响,并进行菌种复壮研究,为进一步利用球孢白僵菌对斜纹夜蛾的生物防治提供参考。【方法】将球孢白僵菌SCAUJH1... 详细信息

【目的】明确球孢白僵菌(Beauveria bassiana)在连续继代培养过程中对斜纹夜蛾(Spodoptera litura)二龄幼虫毒力、产孢量的影响,并进行菌种复壮研究,为进一步利用球孢白僵菌对斜纹夜蛾的生物防治提供参考。【方法】将球孢白僵菌SCAUJH19继代培养10代,得到F_(1)~F_(10)代菌株并测定产孢量。采用浸虫法分别用F_(1)~F_(10)代菌株处理斜纹夜蛾二龄幼虫,测定其对斜纹夜蛾二龄幼虫的毒力;建立模型分析球孢白僵菌继代培养代数、毒力与产孢量的关系及毒力退化规律。采用活虫复壮法对F_(4)、F_(6)、F_(8)、F_(10)代菌株进行复壮,比较复壮前后对斜纹夜蛾二龄幼虫的毒力效果,并测定产孢量。【结果】球孢白僵菌F_(1)~F_(5)代菌株对二龄斜纹夜蛾幼虫毒力无显著差异,处理7 d时校正死亡率为42.44%~45.22%,而F_(6)、F_(8)、F_(10)代菌株对二龄斜纹夜蛾幼虫的校正死亡率分别降至37.00%、22.94%、12.17%。F_(1)~F_(5)代菌株产孢量为9.65~10.43×10^(8)CFU/mL,F_(6)、F_(8)、F_(10)代菌株产孢量分别降至7.62×10^(8)、5.14×10^(8)、4.69×10^(8)CFU/mL。建立模型发现,菌株继代培养到F_(5)代后,产孢量随培养代数呈现指数下降,且产孢量与毒力存在一定的正相关关系,继代培养代数较少的菌株产孢量较高,对斜纹夜蛾二龄幼虫的致病力较强。通过活虫复壮法对F_(4)、F_(6)、F_(8)、F_(10)代菌株进行复壮后,菌株对斜纹夜蛾二龄幼虫的校正死亡率均>50%,且均高于原始菌株的最高致死率,复壮后菌株的产孢量均高于复壮前的产孢量。【结论】球孢白僵菌在继代培养4~5代后,产孢量逐代下降,对斜纹夜蛾二龄幼虫的毒力也逐代降低,需进行菌种复壮;采用活虫复壮法可将继代后的球孢白僵菌恢复或提高至原有特性;同一菌株的产孢量可作为评价其毒力的参考指标。

关键词：球孢白僵菌斜纹夜蛾二龄幼虫复壮毒力产孢量校正死亡率

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Partial Fusion (F) Gene Analysis of Newcastle Disease Virus Detected in Pakistan during 2021-2022

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2024年第5期12卷 256-275页

作者： Muhammad Danish Mehmood Huma Anwar Ul-Haq Rauf Khalid Yasir Amin Muhammad Usman Ghani Muhammad Ismail Rabia Habib Fareeha Arshed Abdul Rasheed shaukat Institute of Molecular Biology & Biotechnology University of Lahore Lahore Pakistan Research & Development Division Ottoman Pharma Lahore Pakistan Quality Assurance Department Ottoman Pharma Lahore Pakistan Veterinary Research and Disease Investigation Center Abbottabad Pakistan Quality Control Department Ottoman Pharma Immuno Lahore Pakistan Production Department Ottoman Pharma Lahore Pakistan Poultry Production Department Sabir&#8217s Poultry Pvt. Ltd. Sabroso Pakistan

Newcastle disease (ND) virus is a leading threat to commercial and domestic poultry in Pakistan. The virus infects and constitutes irreversible impairment to the nervous system, damages the respiratory system, and marks severe gastrointestinal lesions leading to heavy mortality in short-living birds and substantial losses in layers and breeders. The continuous emergence and evolution of the virus made it inclined to evade the humoral response and indirectly the circumvention of artificial active immunization. Newcastle disease is caused by the orthoavula genus of the paramyxoviridae family and has shown high genetic diversity even in their genotypes while information regarding enzootic trends of the virus is scanty in Pakistan. A total of 40 tracheal samples of NDV were collected from different commercial broiler farms and 11 isolates of NDV were identified. In the current study, we determined the genetic diversity of the Newcastle disease virus based on the partial sequencing of the fusion protein gene available in the NCBI database. Genetic analysis showed that seven isolates belonged to class I genotype VII and four belonged to class II genotype II. Interestingly, two isolates had epidemiological connections with vaccine-like class II genotype II. Our findings, concerning the recent outbreaks of class I genotype VII and class II genotype II of NDV in vaccinated commercial flocks, suggest possible potential partial mutations in the fusion protein gene. Genetic diversity and formation of the new cleavage site in an important neutralizing protein of wild strain are linked with the potency of artificial active immunization and a major cause of vaccine failure.

关键词： Newcastle Disease Virus Haemagglutination Inhibition Polymerase Chain Reaction Phylogenetic Tree Mutation Analysis

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Schamel equation in an inhomogeneous magnetized sheared flow plasma with q-nonextensive trapped electrons

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Chinese Physics B 2018年第2期27卷 428-434页

作者： shaukat Ali Shan Qamar-ul-Haque Theoretical Physics Division (TPD) PINSTECH

An investigation is carried out for understanding the properties of ion–acoustic（IA） solitary waves in an inhomogeneous magnetized electron-ion plasma with field-aligned sheared flow under the impact of q-nonextensive trapped electrons. The Schamel equation and its stationary solution in the form of solitary waves are obtained for this inhomogeneous plasma. It is shown that the amplitude of IA solitary waves increases with higher trapping efficiency（β）, while the width remains almost the same. Further, it is found that the amplitude of the solitary waves decreases with enhanced normalized drift speed, shear flow parameter and the population of the energetic particles. The size of the nonlinear solitary structures is calculated to be a few hundred meters and it is pointed out that the present results are useful to understand the solar wind plasma.

关键词： sheared flow plasma density inhomogeniety electron trapping

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Theoretical Investigation of Two-Dimensional Nonlinear Radiative Thermionics in Nano-MHD for Solar Insolation:A Semi-Empirical Approach

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2022年第2期130卷 751-776页

作者： Usman Inayat shaukat Iqbal Tareq Manzoor School of Systems and Technology University of Management and TechnologyLahore54000Pakistan Energy Research Centre COMSATS University IslamabadLahore CampusLahore54000Pakistan

In this contemporary study,theoritical investigation of nanofluidic model is ***-dimensional nanomaterials based mixed flow is considered *** solar radiative heat transport properties have been investigated over a nonlinearly stretched wall in the presence of magneto-hydrodynamic(MHD),by innovative application of semi analytical“optimal homotopy asymptotic method(OHAM)”.OHAM does not require any discretization,linearization and small parameter *** describes extremely precise 1^(st)/2^(nd) order solutions without the need of computing further higher order terms,therefore,fast convergence is *** governing model is transformed into system of ordinary differential equations(ODEs)by exploitation of similarity *** study the significance of radiation parameter alongwith thermophoresis parameter,a semi analytical solver is applied to the transformed *** this work,Brownianmotion,influence ofmagnetic field,Lewis number,Prandtl number,Eckert number and Biot number have investigated on velocity,temperature and nanoparticle concentration *** study provides sufficient number of graphical representations to demonstrate the inspiration of mentioned parameters.

关键词： Magneto-hydrodynamic(MHD) OHAM nanofluid solar radiative stretched wall

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Mediating role of brand app trust in the relationship between antecedents and purchase intentions-Iranian B2C mobile apps

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Journal of Management Analytics 2020年第1期7卷 69-104页

作者： Mohammad Mahdi Movahedisaveji Badiea shaukat Antai College of Economics and Management Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiPeople’s Republic of China

This study investigates the mediating role of brand app trust in the relationship between brand app antecedents and purchase intentions via a brand mobile *** explores the mediating potential of brand and platform trust in this relationship between antecedents and purchase intentions and also highlights which brand antecedents are useful for directly or indirectly establishing trust towards purchasing via a mobile app in the Iranian mobile commerce *** study uses survey data collected through an online questionnaire form and applies the partial least squares method to extract its *** of the estimation results are found to be unbiased and *** results show that brand app trust plays a mediating role in the relationship between the brand app antecedents of word-of-mouth recommendation,subjective norms,perceived image(social antecedents),mobile computing self-efficacy(consumer-based antecedent),and perceived ease of use(system antecedent)and purchase intentions via a brand mobile app in Iran.

关键词： brand app antecedents brand trust brand app trust platform trust purchasing intention via mobile app social commerce Iran

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