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Narratives in Mamluk architecture： Spatial and perceptual analyses of the madrassas and their mausoleums

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Frontiers of Architectural Research 2016年第1期5卷 74-90页

作者： shatha Malhis Faculty of Architecture and Design Petra University Al-Bunawat 961343 Jordan

Mamluk sultans were known for their patronage of the arts and architecture. Their educational institutions were among the wide array of architectural projects that linked them as ruling elites to the religious scholars of their times. Their tombs were placed in a mausoleum attached to their educational-religious complexes to attest to their legacy. The evolution of their buildings such that both educational and memorial functions are integrated with the dense surroundings is scrutinized through chronological-spatial analysis. The configuration of the built form, the disposition of its boundaries, its patterns of accessibility, and its visual properties are the features that present the buildings to one＇s experience and bring certain perceptions into play. In this study, various spatial descriptor tools of space syntax are employed to analyze the data of 14 Mamluk examples （1260-1517A.D.） and capture the differences in the experience where the expression is preserved. Analyses of the configurational characteristics, axial attributes, visibility structures, and isovists highlight how the spatial and formal properties of the layouts were used to express certain representational relationships. The advantages of combining different spatial investigations allows for understanding historical design principles and how the geometry of forms could hide in its abstract rules, conceptual and perceptual qualities.

关键词： Madrassa Mausoleum Perceived relation-ships Spatial relationships Axial analysis Isovists

IWD-Miner: A Novel Metaheuristic Algorithm for Medical Data Classification

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2021年第2期66卷 1329-1346页

作者： Sarab AlMuhaideb Reem BinGhannam Nourah Alhelal shatha Alduheshi Fatimah Alkhamees Raghad Alsuhaibani Department of Computer Science College of Computer and Information SciencesKing Saud UniversityRiyadh11362Saudi Arabia

Medical data classification(MDC)refers to the application of classification methods on medical *** work focuses on applying a classification task to medical datasets related to specific diseases in order to predict the associated diagnosis or *** gain experts’trust,the prediction and the reasoning behind it are equally ***,we confine our research to learn rule-based models because they are transparent and *** approach to MDC involves the use of metaheuristic(MH)*** we report on the development and testing of a novel MH algorithm:*** algorithm can be viewed as a fusion of Intelligent Water Drops(IWDs)and AntMiner+.It was subjected to a four-stage sensitivity analysis to optimize its *** this purpose,21 publicly available medical datasets were used from the Machine Learning Repository at the University of California ***,there were only limited differences in performance between IWDMiner variants which is suggestive of its ***,using the same 21 datasets,we compared the performance of the optimized IWD-Miner against two extant algorithms,AntMiner+and *** experiments showed that both rival algorithms are considered comparable in the effectiveness to IWD-Miner,as confirmed by the Wilcoxon nonparametric statistical *** suggest that IWD-Miner is more efficient than AntMiner+as measured by the average number of fitness evaluations to a solution(1,386,621.30 vs.2,827,283.88 fitness evaluations,respectively).J48 exhibited higher accuracy on average than IWD-Miner(79.58 vs.73.65,respectively)but produced larger models(32.82 leaves vs.8.38 terms,respectively).

关键词： Ant colony optimization AntMiner+ IWDs IWD-Miner J48 medical data classification metaheuristic algorithms swarm intelligence

Attractive Multistep Reproducing Kernel Approach for Solving Stiffness Differential Systems of Ordinary Differential Equations and Some Error Analysis

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2022年第1期130卷 299-313页

作者： Radwan Abu-Gdairi shatha Hasan Shrideh Al-Omari Mohammad Al-Smadi Shaher Momani Department of Mathematics Faculty of ScienceZarqa UniversityZarqa13132Jordan Department of Applied Science Ajloun CollegeAl-Balqa Applied UniversityAjloun26816Jordan Department of Physics and Basic Sciences Faculty of Engineering TechnologyAl-Balqa Applied UniversityAmman11134Jordan Nonlinear Dynamics Research Center(NDRC) Ajman UniversityAjman20550United Arab Emirates Department of Mathematics Faculty of ScienceThe University of JordanAmman11942Jordan

In this paper,an efficient multi-step scheme is presented based on reproducing kernel Hilbert space(RKHS)theory for solving ordinary stiff differential *** solution methodology depends on reproducing kernel functions to obtain analytic solutions in a uniform formfor a rapidly convergent series in the posed Sobolev *** the Gram-Schmidt orthogonality process,complete orthogonal essential functions are obtained in a compact field to encompass Fourier series expansion with the help of kernel properties ***,by applying the standard RKHS method to each subinterval,approximate solutions that converge uniformly to the exact solutions are *** this purpose,several numerical examples are tested to show proposed algorithm’s superiority,simplicity,and *** gained results indicate that themulti-step RKHSmethod is suitable for solving linear and nonlinear stiffness systems over an extensive duration and giving highly accurate outcomes.

关键词： Multi-step approach reproducing kernel Hilbert space method stiffness system error analysis numerical solution

Investigating the influence of gamma ray energies and steel fiber on attenuation properties of reactive powder concrete

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2017年第10期28卷 113-120页

作者： shatha D.Mohammed Wasan Z.Majeed Nesreen B.Naji Nada Mahdi Fawzi Department of Civil College of EngineeringUniversity of BaghdadBaghdadIraq Department of Physics College of ScienceUniversity of BaghdadBaghdadIraq

The effect of gamma ray energies and volume ratio of micro steel fiber(1 and 1.5%) on attenuation properties of reactive powder concrete(70 MPa compressive strength) was investigated. Different characteristics have been considered such as linear attenuation coefficient,mass attenuation coefficient, and half-value *** iodide crystal with a gamma ray spectrometer and collimated beam of gamma ray has been implemented to perform the experimental test. Three sources(Cs-137, Co-60, and Bi-207) with energies of(0.662, 1.17 1.33, 0.569,and 1.063) MeV were adopted in the test. The results obtained indicated that mass attenuation coefficient is proportioned inversely with gamma ray energies and directly with a volume ratio of micro steel fiber. The linear attenuation coefficient and half-value thickness of the tested samples have been calculated and discussed. The obtained results showed that increasing the volume ratio of steel fiber has modified the adequacy of the reactive powder concrete as a shielding element since it increases the density and reduces the half-value thickness.

关键词：活性粉末混凝土衰减特性射线能量钢纤维性能影响线性衰减系数质量衰减系数纤维体积比

Application of advanced platelet-rich fibrin for through-and-through bony defect during endodontic surgery:Three case reports and review of the literature

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2023年第17期11卷 4168-4178页

作者： Fahda N Algahtani Rahaf Almohareb Manar Aljamie Nouf Alkhunaini shatha Subhi ALHarthi Reem Barakat Department of Clinical Dental Sciences College of DentistryPrincess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman UniversityRiyadh 11671Saudi Arabia Department of Endodontics Vision Colleges of Dentistry and NursingRiyadh 11671Saudi Arabia Department of Dental Specialized Medical Center HospitalsRiyadh 11671Saudi Arabia Department of Preventive Dental Sciences College of DentistryPrincess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman UniversityRiyadh 11671Saudi Arabia

BACKGROUND The use of advanced platelet-rich fibrin(A-PRF)membranes for guided bone and tissue regeneration in through-and-through defects after endodontic surgery was explored in three *** SUMMARY Herein,three patients presented to the endodontic clinic suffering from apical periodontitis,associated with large bone resorption and related to previously endodontically treated *** surgery was indicated in these cases and the osteotomy site was covered by A-PRF ***-beam computed tomography(CBCT)was used to assess the cases before and after the *** Four months post-surgery,the recall CBCT scan showed complete obliteration of the osteotomy with newly formed bone.A-PRF membrane showed promising results and was an advantageous addition to surgical endodontic treatment.

关键词： Cone-beam computed tomography Endodontic Periapical disease Plateletrich fibrin Surgery Tunnel defect Alveolar bone loss Case report

Immune evasion strategies used by Helicobacter pylori

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第36期20卷 12753-12766页

作者： Taslima T Lina shatha Alzahrani Jazmin Gonzalez Irina V Pinchuk Ellen J Beswick Victor E Reyes Department of Microbiology and Immunology University of Texas Medical Branch Galveston TX 77555 United States MS-III School of Medicine University of Texas Medical Branch Galveston TX 77555 United States Department of Internal Medicine University of Texas Medical Branch Galveston TX 77555 United States Departments of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center Albuquerque NM 87131 United States Departments of Pediatrics and Microbiology and Immunology University of Texas Medical Branch Galveston TX 77555 United Statest

Helicobacter pylori(H. pylori) is perhaps the most ubiquitous and successful human pathogen, since it colonizes the stomach of more than half of humankind. Infection with this bacterium is commonly acquired during childhood. Once infected, people carry the bacteria for decades or even for life, if not treated. Persistent infection with this pathogen causes gastritis, peptic ulcer disease and is also strongly associated with the development of gastric cancer. Despite induction of innate and adaptive immune responses in the infected individual, the host is unable to clear the bacteria. One widely accepted hallmark of H. pylori is that it successfully and stealthily evades host defense mechanisms. Though the gastric mucosa is well protected against infection, H. pylori is able to reside under the mucus, attach to gastric epithelial cells and cause persistent infection by evading immune responses mediated by host. In this review, we discuss how H. pylori avoids innate and acquired immune response elements, uses gastric epithelial cells as mediators to manipulate host T cell responses and uses virulence factors to avoid adaptive immune responses by T cells to establish a persistent infection. We also discuss in this review how the genetic diversity of this pathogen helps for its survival.

关键词： Helicobacter pylori Immune response Pattern recognition receptors Phagocytes T cells Antigen presenting cells Gastric epithelial cells Vacuolating cytotoxin T4SS

Effect of Helicobacter pylori on gastric epithelial cells

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第36期20卷 12767-12780页

作者： shatha Alzahrani Taslima T Lina Jazmin Gonzalez Irina V Pinchuk Ellen J Beswick Victor E Reyes Department of Microbiology and Immunology University of Texas Medical Branch Galveston TX 77555 United States MSIII School of Medicine University of Texas Medical Branch Galveston TX 77555 United States Department of Internal Medicine University of Texas Medical Branch Galveston TX 77555 United States Departments of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center Albuquerque NM 87131 United States Departments of Pediatricsand and Microbiology and Immunology University of Texas Medical Branch Galves-ton TX 77555 United States

The gastrointestinal epithelium has cells with features that make them a powerful line of defense in innate mucosal immunity. Features that allow gastrointestinal epithelial cells to contribute in innate defense include cell barrier integrity, cell turnover, autophagy, and innate immune responses. Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is a spiral shape gram negative bacterium that selectively colonizes the gastric epithelium of more than half of the world’s population. The infection invariably becomes persistent due to highly specialized mechanisms that facilitate H. pylori’s avoidance of this initial line of host defense as well as adaptive immune mechanisms. The host response is thus unsuccessful in clearing the infection and as a result becomes established as a persistent infection promoting chronic inflammation. In some individuals the associated inflammation contributes to ulcerogenesis or neoplasia. H. pylori has an array of different strategies to interact intimately with epithelial cells and manipulate their cellular processes and functions. Among the multiple aspects that H. pylori affects in gastric epithelial cells are their distribution of epithelial junctions, DNA damage, apoptosis, proliferation, stimulation of cytokine production, and cell transformation. Some of these processes are initiated as a result of the activation of signaling mechanisms activated on binding of H. pylori to cell surface receptors or via soluble virulence factors that gain access to the epithelium. The multiple responses by the epithelium to the infection contribute to pathogenesis associated with H. pylori.

关键词： Helicobacter pylori Apoptosis Gastric epithelial cells Proinflammatory cytokines Chronic inflammation Gastric diseases Gastric cancer

Systemic Risk of Conventional and Islamic Banks: Comparison with Graphical Network Models

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Applied Mathematics 2016年第17期7卷 2079-2096页

作者： shatha Qamhieh Hashem Paolo Giudici Department of Economics and Management Science University of Pavia Pavia Italy

The main aim of this paper is to compare the stability, in terms of systemic risk, of conventional and Islamic banking systems. To this aim, we propose correlation network models for stock market returns based on graphical Gaussian distributions, which allows us to capture the contagion effects that move along countries. We also consider Bayesian graphical models, to account for model uncertainty in the measurement of financial systems interconnectedness. Our proposed model is applied to the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region banking sector, characterized by the presence of both conventional and Islamic banks, for the period from 2007 to the beginning of 2014. Our empirical findings show that there are differences in the systemic risk and stability of the two banking systems during crisis times. In addition, the differences are subject to country specific effects that are amplified during crisis period.

关键词： Financial Stability Centrality Measures Graphical Gaussian Models Islamic Banks Conventional Banks Systemic Risk

Anemia in Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis (JIA) and Other Pediatric Rheumatologic Diseases: A Retrospective Study

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Open Journal of Rheumatology and Autoimmune Diseases 2021年第4期11卷 188-202页

作者： shatha M. Albokhari Mohammed Muzaffer Department of Pediatrics Section of General Pediatrics King Abdulaziz University Jeddah Saudi Arabia Division of Rheumatology Pediatric Department King Abdulaziz University Jeddah Saudi Arabia

Objectives: The present study estimated the prevalence of anemia among children and adolescents with pediatric rheumatological diseases in a referral center, and analyzed the associated clinical and biological parameters. Methods: A retrospective chart review included 49 children with rheumatological diseases, who were diagnosed by a pediatric rheumatologist and classified according to the International League of Associations for Rheumatology (ILAR) guidelines and criteria endorsed by the American College of Rheumatologists. Anemia was defined as hemoglobin level lower than the 5th centile for the corresponding age and gender. Disease activity was indicated by serum levels of C-reactive protein (CRP) and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), where available. Results: Participants were aged 2 - 18 years (mean ± SD = 10.41 ± 4.23 years), 38 (77.6%) of them had JIA, and 8 (16.3%) had systemic lupus erythematosus. The most frequent subtype of JIA was the polyarticular (16 out of 38, 42.1%), followed by systemic (14, 36.8%). The prevalence of anemia was 46.9% (95% CI = 32.5% - 61.7%), with no significant difference between JIA and other diseases or between the different JIA subtypes. Nevertheless, anemia was more frequently observed in younger patients (age 2 - 6 years: 69.2% vs Conclusion:

关键词： Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis Anemia Hemoglobin Disease Activity Inflammation