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Chronic exposure to elevated levels of manganese and nickel is not harmful to a cosmopolitan detritivore, Megaselia scalaris （Diptera： Phoridae）

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Insect Science 2009年第1期16卷 73-79页

作者： Mary A. Sorensen C. Mae Chase-dunn John T. Trumble Department of Entomology University of California Riverside California 92521 USA

Environmental contamination with metals such as manganese （Mn） and nickel （Ni） often results in elevated concentrations of these metals in plant tissues. At high concentrations, these metals are known to have detrimental effects on certain insect herbivores. Using laboratory bioassays and artificial diet, we investigated the development and survival of a cosmopolitan insect detritivore, Megaselia scalaris （Diptera： Phoridae）, exposed to concentrations of Mn and Ni reaching 2 600 mg Mn/kg and 5 200 mg Ni/kg dry mass （dm） in artificial diet. Surprisingly, Ni and Mn at the concentrations tested did not harm this fly. Treatment groups from diets with 260-2 600 mg Mn/kg dm and 1 300-5 200 mg Ni/kg dm had significantly shorter larval development times, overall times to adult emergence, and both pupariation and pupal eclosion times compared to a control group. Wing length of females, a correlate of adult fitness, was also greater in metal treatment groups. Other measures including rate of egg hatch, percentage of emerging flies that were female, and wing length of male flies, were not significantly different in metal treatment groups. We conclude that Megaselia scalaris is tolerant of exceptionally high levels of Mn and Ni.

关键词： detritivore elemental defense heavy metal hyperaccumulator pollution

Machine Learning Chemical Guidelines for Engineering Electronic Structures in Half-Heusler Thermoelectric Materials

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Research 2020年第1期2020卷 978-985页

作者： Maxwell TDylla Alexander dunn Shashwat Anand Anubhav Jain G.Jeffrey Snyder Department of Materials Science and Engineering Northwestern UniversityIL 60208USA Department of Materials Science and Engineering UC BerkeleyCA 94720USA Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Energy Technologies AreaCA 94720USA

Half-Heusler materials are strong candidates for thermoelectric applications due to their high weighted mobilities and power factors,which is known to be correlated to valley degeneracy in the electronic band ***,there are over 50 known semiconducting half-Heusler phases,and it is not clear how the chemical composition affects the electronic *** all the n-type electronic structures have their conduction band minimum at either theΓ-or X-point,there is more diversity in the p-type electronic structures,and the valence band maximum can be at either theΓ-,L-,or ***,we use high throughput computation and machine learning to compare the valence bands of known half-Heusler compounds and discover new chemical guidelines for promoting the highly degenerate W-point to the valence band *** do this by constructing an“orbital phase diagram”to cluster the variety of electronic structures expressed by these phases into groups,based on the atomic orbitals that contribute most to their valence ***,with the aid of machine learning,we develop new chemical rules that predict the location of the valence band maximum in each of the *** rules can be used to engineer band structures with band convergence and high valley degeneracy.

关键词： structure valence bands

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无抗菌素抑制痢疾侵梁饲料

国外畜牧学（饲料） 1994年第1期 26-27页

作者：白静 norman dunn

通过饲料成分的很好改进,无抗菌素抑制痢疾侵染饲料已成现实。结果,断奶仔猪及育肥猪的所有生产性能得以改善,而且饲养者的投资得以降低。因为这种育肥日粮粗蛋白含量少,而禾谷类含量多。另外,蛋白含量低意味着粪氮排泄少,减少了粪臭... 详细信息

通过饲料成分的很好改进,无抗菌素抑制痢疾侵染饲料已成现实。结果,断奶仔猪及育肥猪的所有生产性能得以改善,而且饲养者的投资得以降低。因为这种育肥日粮粗蛋白含量少,而禾谷类含量多。另外,蛋白含量低意味着粪氮排泄少,减少了粪臭的污染。这种饲料由Lantmannen联合体饲料开发部研制,他们通过谨慎地配合氨基酸及其它日粮成分。

关键词：饲料痢疾侵染抑制无抗菌剂饲料

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子宫内输精:人工输精效率的一大提高

国外畜牧学（猪与禽） 2005年第4期25卷 35-37页

作者：刘东 norman dunn

将精液直接输入子宫意味着输精更加有效率。法国、英国和北美已经将此技术广泛应用,其他国家是否也会照此办理呢?

关键词：子宫内输精人工输精输精效率充气输精软管猪

THE LEGAL THOUGHT OF EMPEROR TAIZONG OF THE TANG DYNASTY （618--907）

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Frontiers of Law in China-Selected Publications from Chinese Universities 2017年第4期12卷 584-625页

作者： norman P. HO School of Law New York University New York USA and A.M. in Regional Studies-East Asia (Chinese History) Harvard University Cambridge USA

Little scholarly work has been done on understanding Taizong＇s （one of China＇s most influential emperors） legal thought. Existing historiography has been descriptive and has not fully contextualized Taizong＇s legal thought in his broader political thought. Furthermore, it has been influenced by the traditional bias in Tang historiography as a whole, which has been adulatory toward Taizong＇s reign. Drawing from a variety of sources, including dynastic histories and Taizong＇s writings, this article seeks to complicate the existing historiography. It lays out key characteristics of Taizong＇s legal thought, situating them in the historical context in which Taizong operated, as well as contextualizing them within his broader political thought, to present a more balanced analysis. It will argue that Taizong was an emperor who was concerned with legality, competent legal administration, and leniency in punishments. His actions and rhetoric also suggest that he believed that law should be applied to the emperor＇s conduct as well. At the same time, this article also argues that Taizong should not be viewed primarily as an innovative legal thinker or as someone with an ideological or idealistic commitment to legal reform for its own sake. Rather, he was a man whose views on law were greatly motivated by practical, political concerns, such as concerns regarding the stability and legitimacy of his rule. More broadly, this article contributes to the historiography of traditional Chinese legal history by complicating the so-called dominant narrative of the process of ＂Confucianization of law＂ in premodern Chinese history by highlighting the role that specific historical actors （such as Taizong） played in that process.

关键词： legal theory Chinese legal theory Chinese legal history jurisprudence Tangdynasty

乳腺癌预防的三期临床试验:雌激素靶向药物,选择性雌激素受体调控剂和芳香酶抑制剂(英文)

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化学进展 2013年第9期25卷 1429-1449页

作者： Barbara K. dunn (Medical Officer National Cancer Institute Division of Cancer Prevention)

据估计,2008年全世界有138万新诊断的乳腺癌,占女性所有癌症的23%,是世界范围内女性中最常见的癌症。尽管早期诊断和治疗技术的进步已经降低了乳腺癌的发病率和死亡率,但乳腺癌仍然是女性中死亡率最高的癌症。因此,探索预防乳腺癌的途... 详细信息

据估计,2008年全世界有138万新诊断的乳腺癌,占女性所有癌症的23%,是世界范围内女性中最常见的癌症。尽管早期诊断和治疗技术的进步已经降低了乳腺癌的发病率和死亡率,但乳腺癌仍然是女性中死亡率最高的癌症。因此,探索预防乳腺癌的途径和开发风险评估模型以确定最可能从预防性干预中受益的女性具有重要意义。大规模临床试验是评估乳腺癌预防药物功效的金标准,同时也是这些药物获得正式批准的基础。因此,本文重点讨论了已经进入三期临床试验或已获正式批准用于降低乳腺癌风险的药物,尤其是针对雌激素受体阳性乳腺癌的预防药物如选择性雌激素受体调控剂和芳香酶抑制剂等;此外也对乳腺癌风险评估模型进行了简单评述。

关键词：乳腺癌预防选择性雌激素受体调控剂芳香酶抑制剂三期临床试验风险评估模型

A Novel Twist Deformation Model of Soft Tissue in Surgery Simulation

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2018年第5期55卷 297-319页

作者： Xiaorui Zhang Pengpai Wang Wei Sun norman I.Badler Jiangsu Engineering Center of Network Monitoring Nanjing University of Information Science&TechnologyNanjing 210044China Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology(CICAEET) Nanjing University of Information Science&TechnologyNanjing 210044China School of Engineering and Applied Science University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphia19104United States

Real-time performance and accuracy are two most challenging requirements in virtual surgery *** difficulties limit the promotion of advanced models in virtual surgery,including many geometric and physical *** paper proposes a physical model of virtual soft tissue,which is a twist model based on the Kriging interpolation and membrane *** proposed model can quickly locate spatial position through Kriging interpolation method and accurately compute the force change on the soft tissue through membrane analogy *** virtual surgery simulation system is built with a PHANTOM OMNI haptic interaction device to simulate the torsion of virtual stomach and arm,and further verifies the real-time performance and simulation accuracy of the proposed *** experimental results show that the proposed soft tissue model has high speed and accuracy,realistic deformation,and reliable haptic feedback.

关键词： Kriging interpolation method membrane analogy twist deformation virtual soft tissue surgery simulation

Irritable bowel syndrome treated by traditional Chinese spinal orthopedic manipulation

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Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine 2012年第4期32卷 565-570页

作者： Liuxin Qu Liyang Xing Wanda norman Hong Chen Song Gao Zhongda Hospital Southeast University Acupuncturist at Gateway Sports Medicine PortlandOR 97216USA

OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the clinical effect of traditional Chinese spinal orthopedic manipulation(TCSOM) in treating irritable bowel syndrome(IBS) compared with pinaverium bromide Dicetel(PBD),and to assess a possible cause for ***:Two hundred ten IBS patients were randomly divided into the TCSOM group and the PBD *** patients in the TCSOM group were treated with spinal manipulations 5 *** intensity was assessed on a visual analogue scale and symptoms were evaluated based on bowel symptom scale(BSS) scores before and after treatment.A symptom improvement rating(SIR) was implemented to evaluate the effects of treatment,and to statistically compare theTCSOM and PBD ***:Post-treatment subjective assessment for the TCSOM treatment group showed that 92 cases had excellent results,10 cases had good results,3 cases had fair results,and 0 cases had poor *** the PBD group,30 cases had excellent results,41 cases had good results,12 cases had fair results,and 22 cases had poor *** to the SIR,which was based on the BSS,the TCSOM group included 92 cases with excellent results,10 cases with good results and 3 cases with poor *** were no adverse side effects from *** on the BSS,the PBD group had 30 cases with excellent results,41 cases with good results,and 34 cases with poor *** found that the symptom rating in the BSS in the TCSOM group showed a more significant improvement,such as a reduction in the severity and frequency of symptoms,compared with that in the PBD group(P<0.001).CONCLUSION:Displacement of intervertebral discs and/or vertebra in the thoracic or lumbar region appears to be a contributing factor in the symptoms of *** this displacement of intervertebral discs and/or vertebra to resolve the stimuli caused by pressure exerted on the nerves and vessels around the spine is an effective treatment for IBS.

关键词： Irritable bowel syndrome Manipula-tion, orthopedic Intervertebral disk displacement Bowel symptom scale

Palladium Nanoparticles Loaded on Carbon Modified TiO_2 Nanobelts for Enhanced Methanol Electrooxidation

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Nano-Micro Letters 2013年第3期5卷 202-212页

作者： Robert Liang Anming Hu John Persic Y.norman Zhou Centre for Advanced Materials Joining Department of Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering University of Waterloo 200 University Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology University of Waterloo 200 University Microbonds Inc.

Carbon modified TiO_2 nanobelts(TiO_2-C) were synthesized using a hydrothermal growth method,as a support material for palladium(Pd) nanoparticles(Pd/TiO_2-C) to improve the electrocatalytic performance for methanol electrooxidation by comparison to Pd nanoparticles on bare TiO_2 nanobelts(Pd/TiO_2)and activated carbon(Pd/AC). Cyclic voltammetry characterization was conducted with respect to saturated calomel electrode(SCE) in an alkaline methanol solution, and the results indicate that the specific activity of Pd/TiO_2-C is 2.2 times that of Pd/AC and 1.5 times that of Pd/TiO_2. Chronoamperometry results revealed that the TiO_2-C support was comparable in stability to activated carbon, but possesses an enhanced current density for methanol oxidation at a potential of -0.2 V vs. SCE. The current study demonstrates the potential of Pd nanoparticle loaded on hierarchical TiO_2-C nanobelts for electrocatalytic applications such as fuel cells and batteries.

关键词： Titanium oxide nanobelts Carbon-modification Fuel cell Methanol electrooxidation Palladium nanoparticles Electrocatalysts