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Artificial intelligence-driven radiomics study in cancer:the role of feature engineering and modeling

Military Medical Research 2024年第1期11卷 115-147页

作者： Yuan-Peng Zhang Xin-Yun Zhang Yu-Ting Cheng Bing Li Xin-Zhi Teng Jiang Zhang Saikit Lam Ta Zhou Zong-Rui Ma Jia-Bao Sheng Victor CWTam shara wylee Hong Ge Jing Cai Department of Medical Informatics Nantong UniversityNantong 226001JiangsuChina Department of Health Technology and Informatics the Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong Kong 999077China The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Shenzhen Research Institute Shenzhen 518000GuangdongChina Department of Radiation Oncology the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University and Henan Cancer HospitalZhengzhou 450008China

Modern medicine is reliant on various medical imaging technologies for non-invasively observing patients’***,the interpretation of medical images can be highly subjective and dependent on the expertise of ***,some potentially useful quantitative information in medical images,especially that which is not visible to the naked eye,is often ignored during clinical *** contrast,radiomics performs high-throughput feature extraction from medical images,which enables quantitative analysis of medical images and prediction of various clinical *** have reported that radiomics exhibits promising performance in diagnosis and predicting treatment responses and prognosis,demonstrating its potential to be a non-invasive auxiliary tool for personalized ***,radiomics remains in a developmental phase as numerous technical challenges have yet to be solved,especially in feature engineering and statistical *** this review,we introduce the current utility of radiomics by summarizing research on its application in the diagnosis,prognosis,and prediction of treatment responses in patients with *** focus on machine learning approaches,for feature extraction and selection during feature engineering and for imbalanced datasets and multi-modality fusion during statistical ***,we introduce the stability,reproducibility,and interpretability of features,and the generalizability and interpretability of ***,we offer possible solutions to current challenges in radiomics research.

关键词： Artificial intelligence Radiomics Feature extraction Feature selection Modeling Interpretability Multimodalities Head and neck cancer

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Effect of Sarcostemma acidum stem extract on spermatogenesis in male albino rats

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2002年第1期4卷 43-47页

作者： VermPK shara ReproductivePhysiologySection DepartmentofZoologyUniversityofRajasthanJaipur－302004India

OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the possible antifertility activity of Sarcostemma acidum (Roxb) Voigt. stem extract in male rats.;METHODS:Male rats were given 70% methanol extract of S. acidum stem orally at dose levels of 50 and 100 mg/kg/day for 60 days. Fertility was evaluated with mating test. Sperm motility and sperm density in cauda epididymides were also assessed. Biochemical and histological analyses were performed on blood samples and on the reproductive organs.;RESULTS:S. acidum stem extract resulted in an arrest of spermatogenesis without any systemic side effect. Sperm motility as well as sperm density was reduced significantly. Treatment caused a 80% reduction in fertility at the 50 mg dose and complete suppression of fertility at the 100 mg dose. There was no significant change in RBC and WBC count, hemoglobin, haematocrit, sugar and urea in the whole blood and cholesterol, protein and phospholipid in the serum. The protein and glycogen content of the testes, fructose in the seminal vesicle and protein in epididymides were significantly decreased. Cholesterol in the testes was elevated. Treatment at both of the doses caused a marked reduction in the number of primary spermatocytes (preleptotene and pachytene), secondary spermatocytes and spermatids. The number of mature Leydig cells was decreased, and degenerating Leydig cells was increased proportionately.;CONCLUSIONS:S. acidum stem extract arrests spermatogenesis in male rats without noticable side effects.

关键词： Androgen Leydig cells Sarcostemma acidum Spermatogenesis Testis

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Evolving Frameworks for the Foundation and Practice of Electronic Fetal Monitoring

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Maternal-Fetal Medicine 2022年第2期4卷 141-151页

作者： Mark I.Evans David W.Britt shara M.Evans Lawrence D.Devoe Fetal Medicine Foundation of America New YorkNY 10065USA Comprehensive Genetics PLLCNew YorkNY 10065USA Department of Obstetrics&Gynecology Icahn School of Medicine at Mt.SinaiNew YorkNY10029USA Department of Maternal Child Health Gillings School of Public Health University of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNY 27599USA Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Medical College of GeorgiaAugusta UniversityAugustaGA 30907USA.

Since the 1970s,electronic fetal monitoring(EFM)also known as cardiotocography(CTG)has been used extensively in labor around the world,despite its known failure to help prevent many babies from developing neonatal encephalopathy and cerebral *** of EFM’s poor performance with respect to these outcomes arises from a fundamental misunderstanding of the differences between screening and diagnostic tests,subjective classifications of fetal heart rate(FHR)patterns that lead to large inter-observer variability in its interpretation,failure to appreciate early stages of fetal compromise,and poor statistical modeling for its use as a screening *** have developed a new approach to the practice and interpretation of EFM called the fetal reserve index(FRI)which does the following:(1)breaking FHR components down into 4 components,(heart rate,variability,accelerations,and decelerations);(2)contextualizing the metrics by adding increased uterine activity;(3)adding specific maternal,fetal,and obstetric risk *** result is an eight-point scoring metric that,when directly compared with current American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists EFM categories,even in version 1.0 with equal weighting of variables,shows that the FRI has performed much better for identifying cases at risk before damage had occurred,reducing the need for emergency deliveries,and lowering overall Cesarean delivery *** increased data,we expect further refinements in the specifics of scoring that will allow even earlier detection of compromise in labor.

关键词： Fetal monitoring Cardiotocography Fetal reserve index

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Design and optimization of electrochemical cell potential for hydrogen gas production

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2021年第1期30卷 421-427,I0013页

作者： Nawar KAl-shara Farooq Sher Sania ZIqbal Oliver Curnick George ZChen Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering Faculty of EngineeringUniversity of NottinghamUniversity ParkNottingham NG72RDUK School of Mechanical Aerospace and Automotive EngineeringFaculty of EngineeringEnvironmental and ComputingCoventry UniversityCoventry CV12JHUK Department of Biochemistry University of AgricultureFaisalabad 38000Pakistan Institute for Future Transport and Cities Coventry UniversityCoventry CV15FBUK Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering Faculty of Science and EngineeringUniversity of Nottingham Ningbo ChinaUniversity ParkNingbo 315100China

This study deals with the optimization of best working conditions in molten melt for the production of hydrogen(H2) *** research has been carried out on how electrochemical process occurs through steam splitting via molten hydroxide.54 combinations of cathode,anode,temperature and voltage have been investigated for the optimization of best working conditions with molten hydroxide for hydrogen gas *** these electrochemical investigations were carried out at 225 to 300℃ temperature and 1.5 to 2.5 V applied voltage *** current efficiency of 90.5,80.0 and 68.6% has been achieved using stainless steel anodic cell with nickel,stainless steel and platinum working cathode *** nickel cathode,an increase in the current directly affected the hydrogen gas flow rate at *** can be hypothesized from the noted results that increase in current is directly proportional to operating temperature and applied *** values were noted when the applied voltages increased from 1.5 to 2.5 V at 300℃,the flow rate of hydrogen gas increased from 1.5 to 11.3 cm^(3) min^(-1),1.0 to 13 cm^(3) min^(-1) in case of electrolysis@stainless steel and@graphite anode *** is observed that the current efficiency of stainless steel anodic cell was higher than the graphite anodic ***,steam splitting with the help of molten salts has shown an encouraging alternate to current methodology for H2 fuel production.

关键词： Sustainable energy Splitting steam Electrolysis Hydrogen gas production Electrochemical cell and Variable cathodes

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Electrochemical study of different membrane materials for the fabrication of stable,reproducible and reusable reference electrode

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2020年第10期29卷 33-41页

作者： Nawar K.Al-shara Farooq Sher Sania Z.Iqbal Zaman Sajid George Z.Chen Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering University of NottinghamUniversity ParkNottingham NG72RDUnited Kingdom School of Mechanical Aerospace and Automotive EngineeringFaculty of EngineeringEnvironmental and ComputingCoventry UniversityCoventry CV12JHUnited Kingdom Department of Biochemistry University of AgricultureFaisalabad 38000Pakistan Department of Process Engineering Memorial University of NewfoundlandSt John’s Newfoundland A1B 3×5Canada

Fabrication of stable,reproducible and reusable reference electrodes for low energy and high-temperature steam splitting is of great interest for hydrogen fuel production without anthropogenic carbon dioxide(CO2)*** study has been conducted for the detection of suitable material for the fabrication of novel reference *** the present scenario,this research is designed to fabricate a novel nickel reference electrode by using operating conditions of eutectic molten hydroxide(NaOH-KOH,49-51 mol%)at temperature 300℃in an ion-conducting membrane of alumina and mullite ***,the designed nickel reference electrode has been examined for its reusability and stability by using electrochemical technique and cyclic *** scans of cyclic voltammetry are performed for both membrane fabricated reference electrode.A slight positive shift in oxidation peaks is observed for mullite membrane electrode(64 mV from scan 1 to 5).The stability measurements are noted by changing the scan rate between 50 and 150 mV s−***,the results show that the Ni/Ni(OH)2 reference electrode covered with a mullite membrane is stable and reusable at 300℃temperature without any *** stability and reusability of prepared nickel reference electrode covered by mullite tube in the eutectic molten hydroxide were up to 9 days to carry out an electrochemical investigation,while for alumina tube reference electrode the stability and reliability were up to 3 *** internal electrolytic material and ionic conductance can play an important role for future studies with this reference electrode along with optimisation of temperature and scan rate parameters.

关键词： Renewable energy Hydrogen production Electrode process Cyclic voltammetry Reference electrode and Molten salts

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Prenatal Testing or Screening?

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Maternal-Fetal Medicine 2020年第4期2卷 217-222页

作者： Evans Mark I. Evans shara M. Fetal Medicine Foundation of America New YorkNY 10065USA Comprehensive Genetics New YorkNY 10065USA Department of Obstetrics&Gynecology Icahn School of Medicine at Mt.SinaiNew YorkNY 10029USA Department of Maternal Child Health Gillings School of Public Health University of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNY 27599USA

Over the past 50 years,the scope and extent of prenatal diagnosis and screening for genetic disorders have improved *** has been a pendulum like swing from testing to screening back and forth as new technologies *** concurrent developments of cell free fetal DNA analysis of maternal blood has dramatically changed patient’s choices towards ***,with the use of array comparative genomic hybridization of fetal DNA that requires diagnostic procedures(Chorionic villus sampling and amniocentesis),much more extensive diagnosis can be *** noninvasive methods can replicate what can be done with diagnostic procedures there still will be a"price to be paid"for opting for the non-invasive methods.

关键词： Genetic counseling Prenatal diagnosis Chorionic villus sampling Amniocentesis Array comparative genomic hybridization Noninvasive prenatal testing

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Determination of the Place of Implementation of a Biorefinery Based on Logistics Parameters

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Journal of Power and Energy Engineering 2022年第5期10卷 22-38页

作者： shara K. M. J. Leal Yordanka R. Cruz Vinicius Rossa Gisel Ch. Díaz Yedier R. Padrón Donato A. G. Aranda Rene G. Carlíz School of Chemistry Federal University of Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro Brazil Institute of Chemistry Fluminense Federal University Niterói Brazil

Airlines and the aviation industry are committed to emission reduction targets. Biokerosene was pointed out as one of the key elements to achieving this goal. The use of oilseeds in the production of biokerosene is interesting due to the great Brazilian experience in the production of biofuels from this raw material. In view of this scenario, this dissertation has as its main objective the definition of the place of implantation of a biorefinery in Brazilian territory that has aviation biokerosene as its main product. For this, data on supply and demand for fossil aviation kerosene in Brazilian regions were collected, an extensive review was carried out in scientific articles on the oleaginous raw materials used for the production of this biofuel, and logistical parameters were selected and used as criteria for that selection. The oilseeds selected for the production of biofuel were macaúba and soybean and the state was chosen for the implementation of the biorefinery was Goiás. Based on logistical parameters, the city of Formosa (GO) was selected to host the biorefinery. The soybean crushers located in Luziania, Anápolis, Ipameri, and Itumbiara were chosen as suppliers of soybean oil and the city of Formosa (GO) as the headquarters for the commercial planting of macaúba. The destination of this fuel will be Petrobrás Distribuidora S.A., an aviation fuel distributor authorized by the ANP based in the city of Brasília (DF).

关键词： Biokerosene Biofuels Oilseeds Biorefinery Aviation

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Enhanced Ferroelectric and Converse Piezoelectric Properties of Dense Lead-Free Na0.4K0.1Bi0.5TiO3Ceramics for Actuator Applications

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Advances in Materials Physics and Chemistry 2019年第1期9卷 1-10页

作者： N.shara Sowmya Pravin Varade Narayanan Venkataramani Ajit R.Kulkarni Department of Metallurgical Engineering and Materials Science Indian Institute of Technology BombayMumbaiIndia

In this work, lead-free Na0.4Bi0.5 TiO3-K0.1Bi0.5TiO3 (NKBT) piezoelectric ceramics were prepared by the solid-state reaction method and their structural, ferroelectric and dielectric properties were systematically studied. NKBT sintered at 1150℃ for 4 h exhibited highly dense (96% - 98% of the theoretical density) and uniform grains of size 1.1 μm. The coexistence of tetragonal (P4bm) and rhombohedral (R3c) phases due to the presence of morphotrophic phase boundary for the chosen composition has been confirmed by the Rietveld refinement studies. Enhanced ferroelectric properties such as remnant polarization (Pr) and coercive field (EC) are found to be 37 μC/cm2 and 30 kV/cm, respectively. The optimized synthesis procedure for NKBT ceramics resulted in enhanced strain (%) and converse piezoelectric coefficient (d33*) of 0.3 % and 554 pm/V which is attributed to smaller grain size and switching of non 180o domains. NKBT ceramics with such excellent piezoelectric properties can be considered as a promising candidate for actuator applications.

关键词： Lead-Free Piezoelectric Morphotropic Phase Boundary Converse Piezoelectric Coefficient Actuator

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Executive functioning in TBI from rehabilitation to social reintegration: COMPASS^(goal), a randomized controlled trial(grant: 1I01RX000637-01A3 by the VA ORD RR&D, 2013–2016)

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Military Medical Research 2015年第4期3卷 181-200页

作者： Alexander V.Libin Joel Scholten Manon Maitland Schladen Ellen Danford Nawar shara Walter Penk Jordan Grafman Linda Resnik Dwan Bruner Samantha Cichon Miriam Philmon Brenda Tsai Marc Blackman Alexander Dromerick Mental Health Service Washington DC VA Medical Center Med Star National Rehabilitation Hospital Med Star Health Research Institute Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Service Washington DC VA Medical Center Research Service Washington DC VA Medical Center Texas A&M College of Medicine Rehabilitation Institute of Chicago Research Service Providence VA Medical Center

Background: Traumatic brain injury is a major health problem that frequently leads to deficits in executive function. Self-regulation processes, such as goal-setting, may become disordered after traumatic brain injury, particularly when the frontal regions of the brain and their connections are involved. Such impairments reduce injured veterans' ability to return to work or school and to regain satisfactory personal lives. Understanding the neurologically disabling effects of brain injury on executive function is necessary for both the accurate diagnosis of impairment and the individual tailoring of rehabilitation processes to help returning service members recover independent ***/design: The COMPASSgoal(Community Participation through Self-Efficacy Skills Development) program develops and tests a novel patient-centered intervention framework for community reintegration psychosocial research in veterans with mild traumatic brain injury. COMPASSgoal integrates the principles and best practices of goal self-management. Goal setting is a core skill in self-management training by which persons with chronic health conditions learn to improve their status and decrease symptom effects. Over a three-year period, COMPASSgoal will recruit 110 participants with residual executive dysfunction three months or more post-injury. Inclusion criteria combine both clinical diagnosis and standardized scores that are >1 SD from the normative score on the Frontal Systems Rating Scale. Participants are randomized into two groups: goal-management(intervention) and supported discharge(control). The intervention is administered in eight consecutive, weekly sessions. Assessments occur at enrollment, post-intervention/supported discharge, and three months post-treatment ***: Goal management is part of the "natural language" of rehabilitation. However, collaborative goal-setting between clinicians/case managers and clients can be hindered by the cognitive deficits

关键词： Executive function Traumatic brain injury Goal-setting Community reintegration Veterans Randomized controlled trial Manualized psychosocial intervention

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Characteristics of hepatocellular carcinoma in cirrhotic and non-cirrhotic non-alcoholic fatty liver disease

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2015年第4期21卷 1189-1196页

作者： Christopher Leung Sern Wei Yeoh Desmond Patrick shara Ket Kaye Marion Paul Gow Peter W Angus Liver Transplant Unit Austin HospitalHeidelbergVictoria 3084Australia Department of Medicine The University of MelbourneAustin CampusHeidelbergVictoria 3084Australia Statistics and Operations Research Group School of Mathematical and Geospatial Sciences College of ScienceEngineering and HealthRMIT UniversityMelbourneVictoria 3000Australia

AIM: To determine characteristics and prognosticpredictors of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) in association with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD).METHODS: We reviewed the records of all patients with NAFLD associated HCC between 2000 and 2012. Data collected included demographics; histology; presence or absence of cirrhosis, size and number of HCC, alpha-fetoprotein, body mass index(BMI), and the presence of diabetes, hypertension, or ***: Fifty-four patients with NAFLD associated HCC were identified. Mean age was 64 years with 87% male. Fifteen percent(8/54) were not cirrhotic. 11%, 24% and 50% had a BMI of < 25 kg/m2, 25-29 kg/m2 and ≥ 30 kg/m2 respectively. Fifty-nine percent were diabetic, 44% hypertensive and 26% hyperlipidaemic. Thirty-four percent of the patients had ≤ 1 of these risk factors. Non-cirrhotics had a significantly larger mean tumour diameter at diagnosis than cirrhotics(P = 0.041). Multivariate analysis did not identify any other patient characteristics that predicted the size or number of ***: HCC can develop in NAFLD without cirrhosis. At diagnosis such tumours are larger than those in cirrhotics, conferring a poorer prognosis.

关键词： Hepatocellular carcinoma Non-alcoholic fatty liver

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