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Carbon Energy 2024年第4期6卷 164-221页

作者： Huilin Hou Gang shao Yang Wang Wai‐Yeung Wong Weiyou Yang Institute of Micro/Nano Materials and Devices Ningbo University of TechnologyNingboChina School of Materials Science and Engineering Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology and Research Institute for Smart Energy The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong KongChina

Conversion of solar energy into H_(2) by photoelectrochemical(PEC)water splitting is recognized as an ideal way to address the growing energy crisis and environmental *** a typical PEC cell,the construction of photoanodes is crucial to guarantee the high efficiency and stability of PEC reactions,which fundamentally rely on rationally designed semiconductors(as the active materials)and substrates(as the current collectors).In this review work,we start with a brief introduction of the roles of substrates in the PEC ***,we provide a systematic overview of representative strategies for the controlled fabrication of photoanodes on rationally designed substrates,including conductive glass,metal,sapphire,silicon,silicon carbide,and flexible ***,some prospects concerning the challenges and research directions in this area are proposed.

关键词： hydrogen photoanode photoelectrochemical substrates water splitting

Preparation of PrFe_(x)Co_(1-x)O_(3)/Mt catalyst and study on degradation of 2-hydroxybenzoic acid wastewater by catalytic wet peroxide oxidation

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2024年第1期65卷 286-297页

作者： Binxia Zhao Yijia Gao Tiancheng Hun Xiaoxiao Fan Nan shao Xiaoqian Chen School of Chemical Engineering Northwest UniversityXi'an 710069China

In this study,the perovskite nanocomposite PrFe_(x)Co_(1-x)O_(3)(Pr(S))was successfully synthesized by the sol-gel method;PrFe_(x)Co_(1-x)O_(3)/Al-pillared montmorillonite(Pr(S)/Mt)catalysts were prepared by impregnation(D)method and solid-melting(G)method,respectively,with Pr(S)as the active component and Al-pillared montmorillonite as the *** catalysts were applied to treat the 2-hydroxybenzoic acid(2-HA)-simulated wastewater by catalytic wet peroxide oxidation(CWPO)technique,and the chemical oxygen demand(COD)removal rate and the 2-HA degradation rate were used as indicators to evaluate the catalytic *** results of the experiment indicated that the solid-melting method was more conducive to preparing the catalyst when the Co/Fe molar ratio of 7:3 and the optimal structural properties of the catalysts were *** influence of operating parameters,including reaction temperature,catalyst dosage,H_(2)O_(2)dosage,pH,and initial 2-HA concentration,were optimized for the degradation of 2-HA by *** results showed that 97.64%of 2-HA degradation and 75.23%of COD removal rate were achieved under more suitable experimental *** addition,after the catalyst was used five times,the degradation rate of 2-HA could still reach 76.93%,which implied the high stability and reusability of the *** high catalytic activity of the catalyst was due to the doping of Co into PrFeO_(3),which could promote the generation of HO·,and the high stability could be attributed to the loading of Pr(S)onto Al-Mt,which reduced the leaching of reactive *** study of reaction mechanism and kinetics showed that the whole degradation process conformed to the pseudo-firstorder kinetic equation,and the Langmuir-Hinshelwood method was applied to demonstrate that catalysis was dominant in the degradation process.

关键词： Montmorillonite Perovskite Catalytic wet peroxide oxidation(CWPO) 2-Hydroxybenzoic acid

Complex transmission matrix retrieval for a highly scattering medium via regional phase differentiation

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Photonics Research 2024年第5期12卷 876-883页

作者： QIAOZHI HE RONGJUN shao YUAN Qu LINXIAN LIU CHUNXU DING JIAMIAO YANG School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China Institute of Marine Equipment Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China School of Automation and Software Engineering Shanxi UniversityTaiyuan 030006China

Accurately measuring the complex transmission matrix(CTM) of the scattering medium(SM) holds critical significance for applications in anti-scattering optical imaging, phototherapy, and optical neural networks. Noninterferometric approaches, utilizing phase retrieval algorithms, can robustly extract the CTM from the speckle patterns formed by multiple probing fields traversing the SM. However, in cases where an amplitude-type spatial light modulator is employed for probing field modulation, the absence of phase control frequently results in the convergence towards a local optimum, undermining the measurement accuracy. Here, we propose a high-accuracy CTM retrieval(CTMR) approach based on regional phase differentiation(RPD). It incorporates a sequence of additional phase masks into the probing fields, imposing a priori constraints on the phase retrieval algorithms. By distinguishing the variance of speckle patterns produced by different phase masks, the RPD-CTMR can effectively direct the algorithm towards a solution that closely approximates the CTM of the SM. We built a prototype of a digital micromirror device modulated RPD-CTMR. By accurately measuring the CTM of diffusers, we achieved an enhancement in the peak-to-background ratio of anti-scattering focusing by a factor of 3.6, alongside a reduction in the bit error rate of anti-scattering image transmission by a factor of 24. Our proposed approach aims to facilitate precise modulation of scattered optical fields, thereby fostering advancements in diverse fields including high-resolution microscopy, biomedical optical imaging, and optical communications.

关键词： matrix phase holds

Hybrid model for BOF oxygen blowing time prediction based on oxygen balance mechanism and deep neural network

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2024年第1期31卷 106-117页

作者： Xin shao Qing Liu Zicheng Xin Jiangshan Zhang Tao Zhou shaoshuai Li State Key Laboratory of Advanced Metallurgy University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China Engineering Research Center of MES Technology for Iron&Steel Production Ministry of EducationBeijing 100083China Laiwu Iron and Steel Group Yinshan Section Steel Co. Ltd.Jinan 271104China

The amount of oxygen blown into the converter is one of the key parameters for the control of the converter blowing process,which directly affects the tap-to-tap time of converter. In this study, a hybrid model based on oxygen balance mechanism (OBM) and deep neural network (DNN) was established for predicting oxygen blowing time in converter. A three-step method was utilized in the hybrid model. First, the oxygen consumption volume was predicted by the OBM model and DNN model, respectively. Second, a more accurate oxygen consumption volume was obtained by integrating the OBM model and DNN model. Finally, the converter oxygen blowing time was calculated according to the oxygen consumption volume and the oxygen supply intensity of each heat. The proposed hybrid model was verified using the actual data collected from an integrated steel plant in China, and compared with multiple linear regression model, OBM model, and neural network model including extreme learning machine, back propagation neural network, and DNN. The test results indicate that the hybrid model with a network structure of 3 hidden layer layers, 32-16-8 neurons per hidden layer, and 0.1 learning rate has the best prediction accuracy and stronger generalization ability compared with other models. The predicted hit ratio of oxygen consumption volume within the error±300 m^(3)is 96.67%;determination coefficient (R^(2)) and root mean square error (RMSE) are0.6984 and 150.03 m^(3), respectively. The oxygen blow time prediction hit ratio within the error±0.6 min is 89.50%;R2and RMSE are0.9486 and 0.3592 min, respectively. As a result, the proposed model can effectively predict the oxygen consumption volume and oxygen blowing time in the converter.

关键词： basic oxygen furnace oxygen consumption oxygen blowing time oxygen balance mechanism deep neural network hybrid model

Characteristics and Influencing Factors of Microplastics in Snow in the Inner Mongolia Plateau, China

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Engineering 2024年第6期37卷 69-77页

作者： Hongwei Yu Junrong shao Huawei Jia Diga Gang Baiwen Ma Chengzhi Hu State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Changjiang Survey PlanningDesign and Research Co.Ltd.Wuhan 430010China

Microplastics(MPs;<5 mm)have become one of the most prominent global environmental pollution *** can spread to high altitudes through atmospheric transport and can be deposited by rainfall or snowfall,potentially threatening the structure and function of natural *** in terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems alter the growth and functional characteristics of ***,little attention has been given to the possible harm associated with MPs deposited in snow,particularly in the context of global climate *** collected from surface snow in the Inner Mongolia Plateau,China,were used for quantitative analysis and *** results showed that MPs were easily detected,and the related concentration was approximately(68±10)–(199±22)MPsL1 in snow *** were the most common morphology,the polymer composition was largely varied,and the abundance and composition of MPs were linked to human activity to a great ***-throughput sequencing results showed that the composition and abundance of microorganisms also differed in snow samples from areas with different MP pollution characteristics,indicating a considerable difference in microbial functional *** may have an interference effect on the individual growth and functional expression of microorganisms in *** addition,the results showed that functional living areas(e.g.,landfills and suburban areas)in cities play an important role in the properties of *** instance,the highest abundance of MPs was found in thermal power plants,whereas the abundance of polymers per sample was significantly lower in the suburban *** MP contaminants hidden in snow can alter microbial structure and function and are therefore a potential threat to ecosystem health.

关键词： Human activities Snow Microplastics Microbial community Urban function Environmental effect

Optimal decision-making method for equipment maintenance to enhance the resilience of power digital twin system under extreme disaster

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Global Energy Interconnection 2024年第3期7卷 336-346页

作者： Song Gao Wei Wang Jingyi Chen Xinyu Wu Junyan shao Electric Power Scientific Research Institute State Grid Jilin Electric Power CoLtdChangchun132000P.R.China Department of Electrical Engineering Northeast Electric Power UniversityJilin132012P.R.China

Digital twins and the physical assets of electric power systems face the potential risk of data loss and monitoring failures owing to catastrophic events,causing surveillance and energy *** study aims to refine maintenance strategies for the monitoring of an electric power digital twin system post ***,the research delineates the physical electric power system along with its digital counterpart and post-disaster restoration ***,it delves into communication and data processing mechanisms,specifically focusing on central data processing(CDP),communication routers(CRs),and phasor measurement units(PMUs),to re-establish an equipment recovery model based on these data transmission ***,it introduces a mathematical optimization model designed to enhance the digital twin system’s post-disaster monitoring efficacy by employing the branch-and-bound method for its *** efficacy of the proposed model was corroborated by analyzing an IEEE-14 *** findings suggest that the proposed branch-and-bound algorithm significantly augments the observational capabilities of a power system with limited resources,thereby bolstering its stability and emergency response mechanisms.

关键词： Phasor measurement units Through-sequence optimization Resilience enhancement Communication networks Digital twins

Patterns and drivers of seasonal water sources for artificial sand-fixing plants in the northeastern Mu Us sandy land,Northwest China

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Pedosphere 2024年第1期34卷 63-77页

作者： Yanwu PEI Laiming HUANG Ming'an shao Jiao WANG Yinglong ZHANG Yellow River Delta Modern Agricultural Engineering Laboratory Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China College of Natural Resources and Environment Northwest Agriculture and Forestry UniversityYangling 712100China State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China College of Resources and Environment University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Shenmu Ecological Association Shenmu 719399China

Understanding plant water-use patterns is important for improving water-use efficiency and for sustainable vegetation restoration in arid and semi-arid regions. However, seasonal variations in water sources and their control by different sand-fixing plants in water-limited desert ecosystems remain poorly understood. In this study, stable isotopic ratios of hydrogen(δ^(2)H) and oxygen(δ^(18)O) in precipitation, soil water, groundwater, and xylem water were determined to document seasonal changes in water uptake by three representative plant species(Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica Litv., Amygdalus pedunculata Pall., and Salix psammophila) in the northeastern Mu Us sandy land, Northwest China. Based on the depth distribution and temporal variation of measured gravimetric soil water content(SWC), the soil water profile of the three species stands was divided into active(0.01 g g^(-1)45%) layers. Annually, P. sylvestris, A. pedunculata, and S. psammophila obtained most water from deep(59.2%±9.7%, moist layer and groundwater),intermediate(57.4%±9.8%, stable and moist layers), and shallow(54.4%±10.5%, active and stable layers) sources, respectively. Seasonally, the three plant species absorbed more than 60% of their total water uptake from the moist layer and groundwater in the early(June) dry season;then, they switched to the active and stable layers in the rainy season(July–September) for water resources(50.1%–62.5%). In the late(October–November) dry season, P. sylvestris(54.5%–66.2%) and A. pedunculata(52.9%–63.6%) mainly used water from stable and moist layers, whereas S. psammophila(52.6%–70.7%) still extracted water predominantly from active and stable layers. Variations in the soil water profile induced by seasonal fluctuations in precipitation and groundwater levels and discrepancies in plant pheno

关键词： desert ecosystem MixSIAR model plant water uptake soil moisture stable isotopes vegetation restoration water-use efficiency

Genesis and Accumulation of Paleo-Oil Reservoir in Dabei Area,Kuqa Depression,Northwest China:Implications for Tight-Gas Accumulation

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Journal of Earth Science 2024年第2期35卷 655-665页

作者： Fujie Jiang Xiao Chen Pengwei Wang Xinghe shao Haijun Yang State Energy Center for Shale Oil Research and Development Beijing102206China National Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Resources and Engineering Beijing102249China College of Geosciences China University of PetroleumBeijing102249China CNOOC International Ltd. Beijing100027China Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration&Production SINOPECBeijing100083China Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development Tarim OilfieldPetroChinaKorla841000China

Paleo-oil reservoir is of great importance to understand hydrocarbon enrichment mechanism and hydrocarbon exploration potential,but is yet poorly investigated in Kuqa *** occurrence of the paleo-oil reservoir in Dabei area was proved by quantitative grain fluorescence(QGF)and fluid inclusion *** history of the paleo-oil reservoir was reconstructed through:(1)oil-source correlation;(2)time coupling of source rock maturation,porosity evolution and migration *** impact of paleo-oil reservoir on tight-gas accumulation was consequently *** suggest that considerable oil was accumulated in the K_(1)bs reservoir with paleo oil-water contact in Dabei 2 Well and Dabei 201 Well at 5800 and 6040 m,*** oil was primarily sourced from Triassic source rocks with Jurassic source rocks of secondary importance,which was at oil generation window(0.7%–1.1%Ro)during 9–6 and 7.5–5 Ma,*** occurrence of K_(1)bs tight reservoir(porosity<12%)was about 25 Ma,while faults and associated fractures at Kelasue structural belt were developed approximately from 8 to 3.5 ***,the tight oil accumulation was formed during 8–5 *** paleo-oil reservoir in Dabei 1 gas field was destroyed by the evaporation fractionation in later stage.

关键词： Paleo-oil reservoir Dabei area Kuqa Depression Northwest China petroleum geology

Numerical simulation of aircraft arresting process with an efficient full-scale rigid-flexible coupling dynamic model

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2024年第5期37卷 586-602页

作者： Haoyuan shao Daochun LI Zi KAN Lanxi BI Zhuoer YAO Jinwu XIANG School of Aeronautic Science and Engineering Beihang UniversityBeijing 100191China Tianmushan Laboratory Hangzhou 310023China

The arresting process of carrier-based aircraft is widely recognized as a challenging task,characterized by the highest accident rate among all carrier-based aircraft *** simulation plays a crucial role in assessing the intricate responses of the arresting process,favoring the design of carrier-based *** efficient and accurate rigid-flexible coupling model for analyzing the dynamic response of the arresting process is *** combining the dynamic characteristics of airframe,landing gear,arresting hook and arresting gear system,the rigid-flexible coupling dynamic model is established to reflect the relative motion of the coupling parts and arresting *** dynamic model is verified through simulations of landing gear landing drops and by comparing the arresting simulation results with corresponding data in the US military ***,simulations of the arresting process under different off-center distance and aircraft yaw angle are conducted to obtain the dynamic response of the aircraft during the arresting *** result indicates that the rigid-flexible coupling dynamic model proposed is effective for analyzing the arresting dynamics response of carrier-based *** axial force of the arresting cable on both sides of the hook engagement point,pitch and yaw angle of aircraft are inconsistent under yaw and off-center *** analysis method and obtained results provide valuable references for assessing the dynamic responses of carrier-based aircraft during arresting process and offer valuable in-sights in the design of carrier-based aircraft.

关键词： Carrier-based aircraft Deck landing Rigid-flexible coupling dynamic model Finite element method Dynamic analysis

A Deep Learning Based Broadcast Approach for Image Semantic Communication over Fading Channels

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China Communications 2024年第7期21卷 78-94页

作者： Ma Kangning Shi Yuxuan shao Shuo Tao Meixia The Department of Electronic Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China The School of Cyber and Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China

We consider an image semantic communication system in a time-varying fading Gaussian MIMO channel,with a finite number of channel states.A deep learning-aided broadcast approach scheme is proposed to benefit the adaptive semantic transmission in terms of different channel *** combine the classic broadcast approach with the image transformer to implement this adaptive joint source and channel coding(JSCC)***,we utilize the neural network(NN)to jointly optimize the hierarchical image compression and superposition code mapping within this *** learned transformers and codebooks allow recovering of the image with an adaptive quality and low error rate at the receiver side,in each channel *** simulation results exhibit our proposed scheme can dynamically adapt the coding to the current channel state and outperform some existing intelligent schemes with the fixed coding block.

关键词： broadcast approach deep learning fading channels semantic communication