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Mitochonic acid 5 regulates mitofusin 2 to protect microglia

Neural Regeneration Research 2021年第9期16卷 1813-1820页

作者： Jian Tan Shuang-Xi Chen qing-Yun Lei shan-qing yi Na Wu yi-Lin Wang Zi-Jian Xiao Heng Wu Department of Neurology The First Affiliated Hospital of University of South ChinaHengyangHunan ProvinceChina

Microglial apoptosis is associated with neuroinflammation and no effective strategies are currently available to protect microglia against inflammation-induced apoptosis. Mouse microglial BV-2 cells(5 × 10^6) were incubated with 10 μg/mL lipopolysaccharides for 12 hours to mimic an inflammatory environment. Then the cells were co-cultured with mitochonic acid 5(MA-5) for another 12 hours. MA-5 improved the survival of lipopolysaccharide-exposed cells. MA-5 decreased the activity of caspase-3, which is associated with apoptosis. MA-5 reduced the number of terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP-biotin nick end labeling-positive cells, and increased adenosine triphosphate levels in cells. MA-5 decreased the open state of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore and reduced calcium overload and diffusion of second mitochondria-derived activator of caspase(Smac). MA-5 decreased the expression of apoptosis-related proteins(mitochondrial Smac, cytoplasmic Smac, pro-caspase-3, cleaved-caspase-3, and caspase-9), and increased the levels of anti-apoptotic proteins(Bcl2 and X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein), mitochondria-related proteins(mitochondrial fusion protein 2, mitochondrial microtubule-associated proteins 1 A/1 B light chain 3 B II), and autophagy-related proteins(Beclin1, p62 and autophagy related 5). However, MA-5 did not promote mitochondrial homeostasis or decrease microglial apoptosis when Mitofusin 2 expression was silenced. This shows that MA-5 increased Mitofusin 2-related mitophagy, reversed cellular energy production and maintained energy metabolism in BV-2 cells in response to lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation. These findings indicate that MA-5 may promote the survival of microglial cells via Mitofusin 2-related mitophagy in response to lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation.

关键词： apoptosis autophagy related 5 Beclin1 BV-2 cells caspase-3 inflammation lipopolysaccharide mitophagy Smac survival

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X-RAY MICROANALYSIS OF SENILE CATARACT

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电子显微学报 1991年第2期 211-212页

作者： Zhang De-Tian, Shao Jian-Qiang~*, Wang Bao-Zhen, shan qing~*, Yangyi, Wang yi-Hua, Xu Guo-Gia, Zhang Xue-Min, Xu Jie-Min~*Instrumental Analysis Center, *Beijing Institute of RadiationMedicine, Beijing Tai Ping Road No.27 100850, Beijing, PR China

INTRODUCTION8 normal and 36 senile cataractous human lenses were observedby Philips SEM 505 and TEM 400T. The results indicate that incontrast to the normal lenses, the EDAX spectra of senilecataractous lenses show strong P peak and weak S peak i.e., ahigh P/S ratio, as well as strong Na and Ca peaks in the sameregion. The EDAX mapping of P, Na and Ca reveals that they arecorrelated to the degenerative areas of the lens fibers.

关键词： TEM EDAX X-RAY MICROANALYSIS OF SENILE CATARACT

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Infiltration by monocytes of the central nervous system and its role in multiple sclerosis: reflections on therapeutic strategies

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第3期20卷 779-793页

作者： Guangyong Zhang qing Yao Chubing Long Pengcheng yi Jiali Song Luojia Wu Wei Wan Xiuqin Rao Yue Lin Gen Wei Jun ying Fuzhou Hua Department of Anesthesiology the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang UniversityNanchangJiangxi ProvinceChina Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology of Jiangxi Province NanchangJiangxi ProvinceChina

Mononuclear macrophage infiltration in the central nervous system is a prominent feature of neuroinflammation. Recent studies on the pathogenesis and progression of multiple sclerosis have highlighted the multiple roles of mononuclear macrophages in the neuroinflammatory process. Monocytes play a significant role in neuroinflammation, and managing neuroinflammation by manipulating peripheral monocytes stands out as an effective strategy for the treatment of multiple sclerosis, leading to improved patient outcomes. This review outlines the steps involved in the entry of myeloid monocytes into the central nervous system that are targets for effective intervention: the activation of bone marrow hematopoiesis, migration of monocytes in the blood, and penetration of the blood–brain barrier by monocytes. Finally, we summarize the different monocyte subpopulations and their effects on the central nervous system based on phenotypic differences. As activated microglia resemble monocyte-derived macrophages, it is important to accurately identify the role of monocyte-derived macrophages in disease. Depending on the roles played by monocyte-derived macrophages at different stages of the disease, several of these processes can be interrupted to limit neuroinflammation and improve patient prognosis. Here, we discuss possible strategies to target monocytes in neurological diseases, focusing on three key aspects of monocyte infiltration into the central nervous system, to provide new ideas for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases.

关键词： blood–brain barrier macrophages monocytes multiple sclerosis neuroinflammation review therapy

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基于遗传算法的盲超分辨率图像的重建

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计算机工程与应用 2009年第35期45卷 199-201页

作者：吴伟巍曾庆山刚轶金郑州大学电气工程学院郑州450001

针对盲超分辨率图像复原问题,提出了一种基于遗传算法的盲超分辨率图像重建方法。这种方法建立了一个由高分辨率图像和模糊项相关联的正则化函数,并利用遗传算法的全局寻优能力使得这个正则化函数最小化,从而由一组退化的低分辨率图像... 详细信息

针对盲超分辨率图像复原问题,提出了一种基于遗传算法的盲超分辨率图像重建方法。这种方法建立了一个由高分辨率图像和模糊项相关联的正则化函数,并利用遗传算法的全局寻优能力使得这个正则化函数最小化,从而由一组退化的低分辨率图像求得高分辨率图像,同时评估出导致模糊原因。仿真结果表明算法的可行性。

关键词：盲超分辨率遗传算法正则化函数模糊

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Nested case-control study on risk factors for opportunistic infections in patients with inflammatory bowel disease

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2019年第18期25卷 2240-2250页

作者： shan-shan Gong yi-Hong Fan qing-qing Han Bin Lv yi Xu Department of Gastroenterology First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University

BACKGROUND When opportunistic infections occur, patients with inflammatory bowel disease(IBD) commonly display a significantly increased rate of morbidity and *** increasing use of immunosuppressive agents and biological agents,opportunistic infections are becoming a hot topic in the perspective of drug safety in IBD patients. Despite the well-established role of opportunistic infections in the prognosis of IBD patients, there are few epidemiological data investigating the incidence of opportunis-tic infections in IBD patients in China. Besides, the risk factors for opportunistic infection in Chinese IBD patients remain *** To predict the incidence of opportunistic infections related to IBD in China, and explore the risk factors for opportunistic *** A single-center, prospective study of IBD patients was conducted. The patients were followed for up to 12 mo to calculate the incidence of infections. For each infected IBD patient, two non-infected IBD patients were selected as controls. A conditional logistic regression analysis was used to assess associations between putative risk factors and opportunistic infections, which are represented as odds ratios(OR) and 95% confidence intervals(CIs).RESULTS Seventy(28.11%) out of 249 IBD patients developed opportunistic *** difficile infections and respiratory syncytial virus infections were found in 24 and 16 patients, respectively. In a univariate analysis, factors such as the severity of IBD, use of an immunosuppressant or immunosuppressants, high levels of fecal calprotectin, and C-reactive protein or erythrocyte sedimentation rate were individually related to a significantly increased risk of opportunistic infection. Multivariate analysis indicated that the use of any immunosuppressant yielded an OR of 3.247(95%CI: 1.128-9.341), whereas the use of any two immunosuppressants yielded an OR of 6.457(95%CI: 1.726-24.152) for opportunistic infection. Interestingly, when im

关键词： Nested case-control study Opportunistic infections Inflammatory bowel disease

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Sodium cellulose sulfate: A promising biomaterial used for microcarriers' designing

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Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2019年第1期13卷 46-58页

作者： qing-Xi Wu yi-Xin Guan shan-Jing Yao Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education College of Chemical and Biological EngineeringZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China School of Life Sciences Anhui UniversityAnhui Key Laboratory of Modem BiomanufacturingKey Laboratory of Eco-engineering and Biotechnology of Anhui ProvinceHefei 230601China

Due to a worldwide focus on sustainable materials for human health and economy services, more and more natural renewable biomass are regarded as promising materials that could replace synthetic polymers and reduce global dependence on petroleum resources. Cellulose is known as the most abundant renewable polymer in nature, varieties of cellulose-based products have been developed and have gained growing interest in recent years. In this review, a kind of water-soluble cellulose derivative, i.e., sodium cellulose sulfate (NaCS) is introduced. Details about NaCS's physicochemical properties like solubility, biocompatibility, biodegradability, degree of substitution, etc. are systematically elaborated. And promising applications of NaCS used as biomaterials for microcarriers' designing, such as microcell- carriers, micro-drug-carriers, etc., are presented.

关键词： sodium cellulose sulfate biomaterial physicochemical properties microcarriers

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运动训练专业成人高考科目改革的研究

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体育成人教育学刊 2003年第1期19卷 2-4页

作者：王晓芬陈青山易名农武汉体育学院武汉430079

针对运动训练专业成人招生对象的特殊性 ,分析了在役优秀运动员文化教育的现状及提高优秀运动员文化素质的重要性。

关键词：运动训练专业成人高考科目改革科目设置文化教育文化素质在役优秀运动员

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Relativistic time transfer for a Mars lander:from proper time to Areocentric Coordinate Time

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2016年第10期16卷 45-54页

作者： De-Wang Xu qing-shan Yu yi Xie School of Astronomy and Space Science Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210093China shanghai Key Laboratory of Space Navigation and Position Techniques Shanghai 200030China Key Laboratory of Modern Astronomy and Astrophysics Nanjing UniversityMinistry of EducationNanjing 210093China

As the first step in relativistic time transfer for a Mars lander from its proper time to the time scale at the ground station, we investigate the transformation between proper time and Areocentric Coordinate Time （TCA） in the framework of IAU Resolutions. TCA is a local time scale for Mars, which is analogous to the Geocentric Coordinate Time （TCG） for Earth. This transformation contains two contributions： inter- hal and external. The internal contribution comes from the gravitational potential and the rotation of Mars. The external contribution is due to the gravitational fields of other bodies （except Mars） in the Solar System. When the （in）stability of an onboard clock is assumed to be at the level of 10-13, we find that the internal contribution is dominated by the gravitational potential of spherical Mars with necessary corrections asso- ciated with the height of the lander on the areoid, the dynamic form factor of Mars, the flattening of the areoid and the spin rate of Mars. For the external contribution, we find the gravitational effects from other bodies in the Solar System can be safely neglected in this case after calculating their maximum values.

关键词： reference systems -- time -- space vehicles

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Mucosa repair mechanisms of Tong-Xie-Yao-Fang mediated by CRH-R2 in murine,dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2018年第16期24卷 1766-1778页

作者： shan-shan Gong yi-Hong Fan Shi-yi Wang qing-qing Han Bin Lv yi Xu Xi Chen Yao-Er He The First Clinical Medical College of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University Hangzhou 310053Zhejiang ProvinceChina Department of Gastroenterology The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical UniversityHangzhou 310006Zhejiang ProvinceChina

AIM To explore the significance of corticotropin-releasing hormone(CRH)-receptor(R)2 in mucosal healing of dextran sulfate sodium(DSS)-induced colitis and the effect of Tong-Xie-Yao-Fang(TXYF) on CRH-R2 expression and *** Ulcerative colitis was induced in mice by administration of 3%(w/v) DSS for 7 d. Once the model was established,mice were administered urocortin-2(30 μg/kg), a peptide which binds exclusively to CRH-R2, or various doses of aqueous TXYF extracts(2.8-11.2 g/kg), a CRH-R2 antagonist Astressin(Ast)2B(20 μg/kg), Ast2B + Ucn2, or Ast2B with various doses of aqueous TXYF extracts for 9 d. Colonic mucosal permeability was then evaluated by measuring the fluorescence intensity in serum. The colitis disease activity index(DAI), histology, body weight loss and colon length were assessed to evaluate the condition of colitis. Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase d UTP nick-end labeling was used to detect apoptosis of the intestinal epithelial cells. The expression level of Ki-67 represented the proliferation of colonic epithelial cells and was detected by immunohistochemistry. The expression levels of inflammation cytokines IL-6, TNF-α and CXCL-1 were examined in colon tissues using real-time PCR and ELISA *** Compared with the DSS group, mice treated with the CRH-R2 antagonist Ast2B showed greater loss of body weight, shorter colon lengths(4.90 ± 0.32 vs 6.21 ± 0.34 cm, P < 0.05), and higher DAI(3.61 ± 0.53 vs 2.42 ± 0.32, P < 0.05) and histological scores(11.50 ± 1.05 vs 8.33 ± 1.03, P < 0.05). Additionally, the Ast2B group showed increased intestinal permeability(2.76 ± 0.11 μg/mL vs 1.47 ± 0.11 μg/mL, P < 0.001), improved secretion of inflammatory cytokines in colon tissue, and reduced colonic epithelial cell proliferation(4.97 ± 4.25 vs 22.51 ± 8.22, P < 0.05). Increased apoptosis(1422.39 ± 90.71 vs 983.01 ± 98.17, P < 0.001) was also demonstrated. The Ucn2 group demonstrated lower DAI(0.87 ± 0.55 vs 2.42 ± 0.32, P < 0.001) and his

关键词： Tong-Xie-Yao-Fang Aqueous extracts Corticotropin-releasing hormone receptor 2 Urocortin 2 Astressin 2B Mucosal healing Ulcerative colitis

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Effect of Carbon Particles with Different Topological Shape on the Rheological Behavior of PVA Aqueous Dispersion

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2022年第11期40卷 1402-1410页

作者： qing-Sheng Ni Miao Du Guo-Rong shan yi-Hu Song Qiang Zheng State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering College of Chemical and Biological EngineeringZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310027China Institute of Zhejiang University-Quzhou Quzhou324000China Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization Department of Polymer Science and EngineeringZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310027China

Poly(vinyl alcohol)(PVA)is usually processed and used in a form of aqueous dispersion.A large number of inter-and intramolecular hydrogen bonds make it very difficult to obtain suitable rheological behavior for *** this study,carbon particles with different topological shapes were added into PVA aqueous dispersion to tune the steady and dynamic rheological *** results show that the zero-dimensional particles(carbon black,CB)increase monotonically the zero-shear viscosity of PVA dispersion,while the one-dimensional particles(carbon nanotubes,CNTs)make it first increase,and then decrease and rise again,like an N-shape,and the two-dimensional particles(graphene oxide,GO)can make it first decrease and then increase,exhibiting a *** is believed that the topological shape of the carbon particles brought about these *** zero-dimensional particles mainly act as physical crosslinking points due to their small *** at a certain content,both CNTs and GO can destroy the intermolecular hydrogen bonds between PVA chains because the PVA chains can twine around the slim CNTs and the large planar size of GO prevents the adsorbed PVA from forming hydrogen bond with other *** high hydroxyl value of carbon particle surface could strengthen this *** is expected that the viscosity of polymer dispersion can be regulated by particles with different topological shape and the surface characteristic,so as to widen the operable concentration range during preparing composite functional materials.

关键词： Topological shape Hydrogen bond Rheological behavior PVA aqueous dispersion

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