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Biochar characterization of invasive Pennisetum purpureum grass:effect of pyrolysis temperature

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Biochar 2020年第2期2卷 239-251页

作者： Md Sumon Reza shammya afroze Muhammad S.A.Bakar Rahman Saidur Navid Aslfattahi Juntakan Taweekun Abul K.Azad Faculty of Integrated Technologies Universiti Brunei DarussalamJalan Tungku LinkGadong BE1410Brunei Darussalam Research Center for Nano-Materials and Energy Technology(RCNMET) School of Science and TechnologySunway UniversityBandar SunwayDarul Ehsan47500 Petaling JayaSelangorMalaysia Department of Mechanical Engineering Faculty of EngineeringUniversity of Malaya50603 Kuala LumpurMalaysia Department of Mechanical Engineering Faculty of EngineeringPrince of Songkla UniversityHatyai 90112SongkhlaThailand

Pennisetum purpureum is one of the most invasive perennial grasses of the Poaceae family,which are abundant in south-east Asia including Brunei *** pyrolysis process at a slow heating rate proved to be highly promising for biochar *** production and characterization of different Pennisetum purpureum biochars have been investigated at the pyrolysis temperatures of 400℃,500℃and 600℃with a heating and nitrogen flow rate of 5℃/min and 0.5 L/min,*** observed higher heating values were 22.18 MJ/kg,23.02 MJ/kg,23.75 MJ/kg,and the alkaline pH were 9.10,9.86,10.17 for the biochar at 400℃,500℃,600℃temperatures,*** water holding capacity was one hundred percent for all biochars and continued to increase for higher pyrolysis *** images show that the porosity of the biochars has been enhanced with increased temperatures due to the rearrangement of crystallinity and *** the other hand,the yields of biochar have been decreased from 35.13%to 23.02%for the increase of pyrolysis temperature from 400℃to 600℃.Energy dispersive X-ray analysis shows that the O/C atomic ratios were 0.15,0.08 and 0.06 for the biochar of 400,500 and 600℃which validates the improvement in heating ***-IR analysis revealed that the available functional groups in the biochars were C-O,C=C,and *** analysis(TGA)under pyrolysis condi-tion showed residue of 46.56%,51.13%and 55.67%from the biochar at 400,500,and 600℃,*** derivative thermogravimetry(DTG)graph indicates that the degradation rate is higher for 400℃biochar than the 600℃biochar.

关键词： Pennisetum purpureum Invasive Species Biochar SEM-EDX FT-IR TGA-DTG

Evaluation of biomarkers, genetic mutations, and epigenetic modifications in early diagnosis of pancreatic cancer

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2021年第36期27卷 6093-6109页

作者： Bilal Rah Manzoor Ahmad Banday Gh Rasool Bhat Omar J Shah Humira Jeelani Fizalah Kawoosa Tahira Yousuf Dil afroze Advanced Centre for Human Genetics Sher-i-Kashmir Institute of Medical SciencesSrinagar 190011Jammu and KashmirIndia Department of Medical Oncology Sher-i-Kashmir Institute of Medical SciencesSrinagar 190011Jammu and KashmirIndia Department of Surgical Gastroenterology Sher-i-Kashmir Institute of Medical SciencesSrinagar 190011Jammu and KashmirIndia Department of Immunology and Molecular Medicine Sher-i-Kashmir Institute of Medical ScienceSrinagar 190011Jammu and KashmirIndia

BACKGROUND Pancreatic cancer(PC)is one of the deadliest malignancies with an alarming mortality *** significant advancement in diagnostics and therapeutics,early diagnosis remains elusive causing poor prognosis,marred by mutations and epigenetic modifications in key genes which contribute to disease *** To evaluate the various biological tumor markers collectively for early diagnosis which could act as prognostic biomarkers and helps in future therapeutics of PC in Kashmir *** A total of 50 confirmed PC cases were included in the study to evaluate the levels of carbohydrate antigen 19-9(CA 19-9),tissue polypeptide specific antigen(TPS),carcinoembryonic antigen(CEA),vascular endothelial growth factor-A(VEGF-A),and epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR).Mutational analysis was performed to evaluate the mutations in Kirsten rat sarcoma(KRAS),Breast cancer type 2(BRCA-2),and deleted in pancreatic cancer-4(DPC-4)***,epigenetic modifications(methylation of CpG islands)were performed in the promoter regions of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2A(p16;CDKN2A),MutL homolog 1(hMLH1),and Ras association domain-containing protein 1(RASSF1A)*** We found significantly elevated levels of biological markers CA 19-9(P≤0.05),TPS(P≤0.05),CEA(P≤0.001),and VEGF(P≤0.001).Molecular genetic analysis revealed that KRAS gene mutation is predominant in codon 12(16 subjects,P≤0.05),and 13(12 subjects,P≤0.05).However,we did not find a mutation in DPC-4(1203G>T)and BRCA-2(617delT)***,epigenetic modification revealed that CpG methylation in 21(P≤0.05)and 4 subjects in the promoter regions of the p16 and hMLH1 gene,*** In conclusion,CA 19-9,TPS,CEA,and VEGF levels were significantly elevated and collectively have potential as diagnostic and prognostic markers in *** data of mutation in the KRAS gene commonly in codon 12 and rare in codon 13 could augment the predisposition towards ***,methylatio

关键词： Pancreatic cancer Genetic mutations Epigenetic modifications Biomarkers Risk factors Diagnostics

Unmet needs for mental care services for older people in Bangladesh during the COVID-19 pandemic

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General Psychiatry 2020年第6期33卷 426-428页

作者： Md Sazedur Rahman Md Ashfikur Rahman Laila afroze Sheikh Mohammed Shariful Islam Statistics Discipline Khulna UniversityKhulnaBangladesh Development Studies Discipline Khulna UniversityKhulnaBangladesh Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition School of Exercise and Nutrition SciencesFaculty of HealthDeakin UniversityBurwoodVictoriaAustralia

Dear Editor We read with interest the editorial by Qiu et at about the psychological distress among the general population in China during the COVID-19 pandemic and policy *** elderly are more vulnerable to increased mental health problems during COVID-19,which has raised significant challenges for community mental health services.12 Older people with comorbid conditions,including cardiovascular diseases,lung diseases,diabetes and hypertension are more likely to be severely affected and die because of COVID-19,which is caused by SARS-CoV-2.^(3).

关键词： distress lung services

Potential bioactive phytochemicals, antioxidant properties and anticancer pathways of Nymphaea nouchali

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2020年第12期10卷 555-562页

作者： Md.Nazim Uddin Md.Abdus Samad Md.Abu Zubair Md.Zahurul Haque Kanika Mitra Tanzir Ahmed Khan Md.Amir Hossain Ashikujaman Syed Aklima afroze Institute of Food Science and Technology Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial ResearchDhaka 1205Bangladesh School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy China Pharmaceutical UniversityNanjingJiangsu 211198China Department of Food Technology and Nutritional Science Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology UniversitySantoshTangail 1902Bangladesh Center for New Drug Safety Evaluation and Research China Pharmaceutical UniversityJiangsuNanjing 211198China School of Pharmacy Lanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000China School of Pharmacy China Pharmaceutical UniversityNanjingJiangsu 211198China

Objective:To investigate bioactive phytochemicals and antioxidant activities of Nymphaea nouchali and to explore its anticancer pathways by a network pharmacology ***:Using a spectrophotometer and high-performance liquid chromatography-diode array detector(HPLC-DAD),we quantified bioactive phytochemicals in methanolic extract of Nymphaea nouchali *** extracts were investigated for in vitro antioxidant *** of these bioactive phytochemicals were predicted and anticancer-associated pathways were analyzed by a network pharmacology ***,we identified the predicted genes associated with cancer pathways and the hub genes in the protein-protein interaction network of predicted ***:Quantitative results indicated the total phenolics,total flavonoids,and total proanthocyanidins in the methanolic extract of Nymphaea nouchali ***-DAD analysis showed rutin(39.44 mg),catechin(39.20 mg),myricetin(30.77 mg),ellagic acid(11.05 mg),gallic acid(3.67 mg),vanillic acid(0.75 mg),rosmarinic acid(4.81 mg),p-coumaric acid(3.35 mg),and quercetin(0.90 mg)in 1 g of dry *** extract showed the radical scavenging activities of 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl,2,2’-azinobis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid)and N,*** using network pharmacology,we predicted 130 target genes associated with cancer *** top hub genes(IL6,AKT1,EGFR,JUN,PTGS2,MAPK3,CASP3,and CXCL8)were also identified,which were associated with cancer pathways and interacted with bioactive phytochemicals of the methanolic extract of Nymphaea nouchali ***:Our study provides insights into the mechanism of anticancer activities of the methanolic extract of Nymphaea nouchali tuber.

关键词： Bioactive phytochemicals Anticancer pathways Malignancy Network pharmacology Nymphaea nouchali

A Comparative Study of Heavy Metal Concentration in Different Layers of Tannery Vicinity Soil and Near Agricultural Soil

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American Journal of Analytical Chemistry 2016年第12期7卷 880-889页

作者： Ashiqur Rahaman Jahan Sadia afroze Khairul Bashar Md. Farhad Ali Md. Razib Hosen Institute of Leather Engineering and Technology University of Dhaka Dhaka Bangladesh

This research was conducted to bring out the appropriate level of heavy metal contamination in soil at the site of Buriganga river bank near the Hazaribagh tannery area and the normal agricultural area to evaluate heavy metal contamination in soil due to untreated tannery effluents. AAS flame method was used to determine the concentration of Chromium (Cr), lead (Pb), Cadmium (Cd), Zinc (Zn) in several depths of the soil. Results showed that, the heavy metal concentration in soil at the site of Buriganga river bank in the tannery vicinity and normal agricultural area significantly varies, such as Cr varies (561.71 - 31.23) mg/kg, Zn varies (158.23 - 73.5), Pb varies (70.58 - 24) and Cd varies (2.25 - 0.71) mg/kg in the river bank as well as in the normal agricultural area Cr varies (27.869 - 24.5416) mg/kg, Zn varies (134.167 - 28), Pb varies (25.76 - 22.49) and Cd varies (1.30 - 0.64) mg/kg. The study indicated that heavy metals concentration was found to be significantly higher in river bank soils than in the normal agricultural area. This metal concentration in soil is responsible for the promotion of toxicity in agricultural products. Therefore, the human health and environment are affected by these areas.

关键词： Heavy Metal Soil Contamination Tannery Area Agricultural Area

A Comparative Phytochemical and Biological Study between Different Solvent Extracts of <i>Bombax ceiba </i>Roots Available in Bangladesh

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Pharmacology & Pharmacy 2018年第2期9卷 53-66页

作者： Nazia Hoque Sabera Rahman Ishrat Jahan Meena afroze Shanta Nigar Sultana Tithi Nishat Nasrin Department of Pharmacy East West University Dhaka Bangladesh

Use of different solvent systems for extraction of plant materials may cause variation in their bioactivities. The present study was conducted to evaluate the presence of different phytoconstituents and to compare in vitro bioactivities of petroleum ether, dichloromethane (DCM) and methanol extracts of Bombax ceiba (B. ceiba) roots available in Bangladesh. Preliminary phytochemical screening was conducted using specific standard procedure. Antioxidant activity of the extracts was evaluated using DPPH radical scavenging assay. Determination of total phenolic and flavonoid content was also carried out. Antibacterial and cytotoxic activities were investigated using disc diffusion method and brine shrimp lethality bioassay, respectively. All the experiments were carried out from February 2016 to September 2016. Phytochemical evaluation revealed the presence of alkaloids, terpenoids, carbohydrates, tannins, flavonoids, saponins and steroids. The methanol extract showed the highest DPPH radical scavenging activity and had the highest phenolic (187.42 ± 3.77 mg/g, GAE) and flavonoid content (74.67 ± 4 mg/g, QE) followed by the DCM and petroleum ether extracts. The extracts showed positive correlation between DPPH radical scavenging activity with the phenolic and flavonoid content. All the extracts showed mild to moderate in vitro antibacterial activity with zone of inhibition ranging from 7 mm to 13 mm. In brine shrimp lethality bioassay, the observed LC50 values for petroleum ether, DCM and methanol extracts were 70.72 μg/ml, 37.72 μg/ml and 22.58 μg/ml, respectively which revealed strong cytotoxic potential of the extracts compared to the positive control. The results indicated that B. ceiba roots could be a very potent source of natural radical scavenger and cytotoxic agent.

关键词： Bombax ceiba antioxidant activity DPPH antibacterial activity cytotoxic effect

Identification of Aflatoxigenic Fungi and Detection of Their Aflatoxin in Red Chilli (<i>Capsicum annuum</i>) Samples Using Direct Cultural Method and HPLC

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Advances in Microbiology 2018年第1期8卷 42-53页

作者： Md. Nur Hossain Asma Talukder Farhana afroze Md. Matiur Rahim Shamima Begum Md. Zahurul Haque Monzur Morshed Ahmed Industrial Microbiology Laboratory Institute of Food Science and Technology (IFST) Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (BCSIR) Dhanmondi Dhaka Bangladesh Department of Genetics and Biotechnology Noakhali Science and Technology University Noakhali Bangladesh Department of Microbiology Jagganath University Dhaka Bangladesh Food Toxicology Research Laboratory Institute of Food Science and Technology (IFST) Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (BCSIR) Dhanmondi Dhaka Bangladesh

Aflatoxins are the potential lethal toxin produced by Aspergillus sp. important health hazard throughout the world. In this study, 26 Aspergillus sp. have been isolated from 50 samples of red chilli collected throughout the country. These 26 isolates were grown primarily on agar media to identify the aflatoxin producing species. It is possible to distinguish A. flavus strains from other Aspergillus sp. developing orange colour on the reverse of the plates. The Coconut Cream Agar (CCA) is used to detect aflatoxin producer strains having blue fluorescence when exposed to a UV-light. Several other media were used for morphological characteristics of Aspergillus sp. Out of 26 isolates, four isolates were confirmed as Aspergillus sp. These isolates were subjected to cross contamination with freshly ground, sterile maize and after 15 days of incubation the contaminated maize were analyzed by HPLC and found aflatoxin in each of the sample containing 186 ppb (max.). This study was conducted to assay the ability to produce aflatoxins by the Aspergillus spp. isolated from red chilli (Capsicum annuum L. Solanaceae) available throughout the country. The results found in the experiment are much more behind the acceptable limit according to some international standard. As red chilli is a widely used spice in Bangladesh, the proper controlling measures may be taken for controlling the surveillance of aflatoxinic fungi like as use of bio-pesticides, proper drying method and storage conditions.

关键词： Aflatoxin Aspergillus Detection HPLC Red Chilli

Predictors of Meningitis in Under-Fifteen Children Attending an Intensive Care Unit of an Urban Large Diarrheal Disease Hospital in Bangladesh

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2014年第2期5卷 169-176页

作者： Farzana afroze Tahmeed Ahmed Shafiqul Alam Sarker Abu S. G. Faruque Hasan Ashraf Pradip Kumar Bardhan Sumon Kumar Das Mohammod Jobayer Chisti Centre for Nutrition and Food Security (CNFS) International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research Dhaka Bangladesh Centre for Nutrition and Food Security (CNFS) International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research Dhaka Bangladesh School of Population Health The University of Queensland Brisbane Australia.

Background: Data are lack on predicting features of meningitis in diarrheal children although the great clinical importance. Objective: To evaluate clinical and laboratory features in predicting meningitis in under-fifteen children having diarrheal illnesses. Methods: Children aged 1 month to 15 years, admitted in the ICU of the Dhaka Hospital of icddr, b between March 2011 and February 2012 with fever and seizure or altered consciousness and having LP done were enrolled into this analysis. Those children who had abnormal CSF findings [pleocytosis (normal range of leukocyte, 0 - 10/mm3) and/or elevated protein (normal range, 0.10 - 0.45 mg/dl) and low glucose (normal value, 60% of corresponding blood glucose)] were defined as meningitis. Comparison was made between children with (cases = 17) and without meningitis (controls = 66) from our study children. Data were retrospectively collected from SHEBA, an online database system of the Dhaka Hospital of icddr, b. Results: Death was significantly higher among the cases compared to the controls (29% vs. 3%, p = 0.003). In logistic regression analysis, after adjusting for potential confounders, cases frequently had hypoxemia (95% CI 1.55 - 21.93), absent peripheral pulse (95% CI 1.95 - 27.13) and neutrophilia (95% CI 1.13 - 17.00). Conclusion: Our data suggest that children with meningitis had higher case fatality rate. Simple independent predictors of meningitis such as hypoxemia, absent peripheral pulse, and neutrophilia may help clinicians to initiate early and prompt management in order to curve lifelong sequel due to meningitis and death in such patient population especially those in resource poor settings.

关键词： Children Diarrhea Hypoxemia Meningitis Neutrophilia Peripheral Pulse

Cinobufotalin as a Novel Agent to Inhibit in Vitro Epithelial Ovarian Cancer Cell Proliferation, Migration and Invasion

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2016年第6期6卷 343-351页

作者： Anthony McDowell Syeda H. afroze Richard Tobin Timothy C. McCormick Martha Karen Newell-Rogers David C. Zawieja Thomas J. Kuehl Mohammad Nasir Uddin Departments of Obstetrics & Gynecology Baylor Scott & White Health and Texas A&M Health Science Center College of Medicine Temple TX USA Departments of Medical Physiology Baylor Scott & White Health and Texas A&M Health Science Center College of Medicine Temple TX USA Departments of Surgery Baylor Scott & White Health and Texas A&M Health Science Center College of Medicine Temple TX USA Departments of Pediatrics Baylor Scott & White Health and Texas A&M Health Science Center College of Medicine Temple TX USA Departments of Internal Medicine Baylor Scott & White Health and Texas A&M Health Science Center College of Medicine Temple TX USA

Objective: Cinobufotalin (CINO), a cardiotonic steroid (CTS) or bufadienolide, is extracted from the skin secretions of giant toads and is utilized in traditional Chinese medicine (Chan Su). CINO has been used as a cardiotonic, diuretic and a hemostatic agent. Recently, CINO has been shown to inhibit lung cancer cell function and has been implicated in several other disease processes. In this study, we pursued the potential anticancer application of CINO using the ovarian tumor cell line SK-OV-3. Study Design: We evaluated the effect of CINO on cultures of SK-OV-3. Cells were treated with 0.1, 0.5, 1, 5, and 10 μM CINO. Cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and viability were measured using commercially available kits. Cell cycle progression was evaluated by a Cell Cycle Phase Determination Kit. Apoptosis was evaluated by an Apoptotic Blebs Assay Kit;cell cycle arrest and apoptotic signaling were determined by fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) analysis. Results: CINO at ≥ 0.5 μM inhibited SKOV-3 cell proliferation, migration, and invasion (p < 0.05). There was a higher (p < 0.05) percentage of S phase cells in groups treated with CINO at 0.5 μM. CINO at ≥ 0.5 μM down regulated expression of Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen (PCNA) and caused cell death. Conclusion: This data demonstrates that CINO impairs SK-OV-3 cell function via cell cycle arrest and apoptotic signaling, suggesting CINO be further investigated as a novel anti-ovarian cancer agent.

关键词： Cinobufotalin Ovarian Cancer SK-OV-3 Apoptosis Cell Cycle Arrest