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Weathering and accumulation of trace elements in the soils of the Porali Plain, Balochistan: repercussions in agriculture

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Acta Geochimica 2024年第2期43卷 214-234页

作者： Maria Kaleem Erum Bashir shahid naseem.tahir rafique Bushra Shahab Department of Geology University of KarachiKarachi 75270Pakistan Applied Chemistry Research Centre PCSIR Laboratories ComplexKarachi 75280Pakistan

This study is theﬁrst attempt to assess the nature of the soil,especially on the western side of the Porali Plain in Balochistan;a new emerging agriculture hub,using weathering and pollution indices supplemented by multi-variate analysis based on geochemical *** outcomes of this study are expected to help farmers in soil manage-ment and selecting suitable crops for the ***-ﬁve soil samples were collected,mainly from the arable land of the Porali *** drying and coning-quarter-ing,soil samples were analyzed for major and trace ele-ments using the XRF technique;sieving and hydrometric methods were employed for granulometric ***-mated data were analyzed using Excel,SPSS,and Surfer software to calculate various indices,correlation matrix,and spatial *** granulometric analysis showed that 76%of the samples belonged to loam types of soil,12%to sand type,and 8%to silt *** indices:CIA,CIW,PIA,PWI,WIP,CIX,and ICV were calculated to infer the level of *** indices reﬂect mod-erate to intense weathering;supported by K_(2)O/AI_(2)O_(3),Rb/K_(2)O,Rb/Ti,and Rb/Sr *** of the geo-ac-cumulation and Nemerow Pollution indices pinpoint rela-tively high concentrations of Pb,Ni,and Cr concentration in the *** correlation matrix and Principal Compo-nent Analysis show that the soil in this study area is mainly derived from the weathering of igneous rocks of Bela Ophiolite(Cretaceous age)and Jurassic sedimentary rocks of Mor Range having SEDEX/MVT type *** may result in the undesirable accumulation of certain trace elements which adversely affects crops.

关键词： Weathering indices Pollution indices Accumulation Repercussions Trace elements Multivariate analyses Porali Plain Balochistan

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Synthesis and Charcterization of Silane Crosslinked Hydrogel to pH Sensitive Study

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American Journal of Analytical Chemistry 2024年第5期15卷 165-176页

作者： Muhammad Awais shahid Abdul Haseeb tahir Zeeshan Ahmad Muhammad Arslan Department of Physics The University of Lahore Lahore Punjab Pakistan Department of Chemistry Minhaj University Lahore Lahore Pakistan Department of Physics University of Punjab Lahore Pakistan

Eco-friendly and biodegradable novel hydrogel were prepared by blending and solution casting method. The designed hydrogel is based on chitosan/ PEG600/Gurgam with carbon nanofiller along silane crosslinked (TEOS) with pH sensitive response to controlled release of drug in biomedical materials and agriculture industry. The various concentration of carbon nanofiller is used to analyze its effect on the fabricated hydrogel characteristics by using FTIR, SEM, TGA, swelling studies (water, buffer and ionic solution). Spectra of FTIR reflected both established and newly developed groups (like hydrogel). COOH group presence is clearly observed in this range in the carbon filler reinforced hydrogel. The SEM micrographs show that CPG0.003 had a collection of polysaccharide chains as thin helices, which is attributed to the increase in the size of porosity. TGA shows to increase concentration of nanofiller enhanced the thermal stability of the designed hydrogels at temperature 25˚C to 550˚C mass loss percentage decrease upto 20% and increase thermal stability. This pH response made these resultant hydrogels as fruitful competitor against the many reported controlled release application.

关键词： Chitosan Guargum Hydrogel Carbon Nano Filler Silane Cross Linker pH Sensitive

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iRNA-PseTNC:identification of RNA 5-methylcytosine sites using hybrid vector space of pseudo nucleotide composition

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Frontiers of Computer Science 2020年第2期14卷 451-460页

作者： shahid AKBAR Maqsood HAYAT Muhammad IQBAL Muhammad tahir Department of Computer Science Abdul Wali Khan University MardanKP 23200Pakistan

RNA 5-methylcytosine(m^5C)sites perform a major role in numerous biological processes and commonly reported in both DNA and RNA *** enzymatic mechanism and biological functions of m^5C sites in DNA remain the focusing area of researchers for last few ***,the investigators also targeted m^5C sites in RNA due to its cellular functions,positioning and formation ***,several rudimentary roles of the m^5C in RNA have been explored,but a lot of improvements are still under ***,the identification of RNA methylcytosine sites was carried out via experimental methods,which were very hard,erroneous and time consuming owing to partial availability of recognized *** at the significance of m^5C role in RNA,scientists have diverted their attention from structure to sequence-based *** this regards,an intelligent computational model is proposed in order to identify m^5C sites in RNA with high *** RNA sequences formulation methods namely:pseudo dinucleotide composition,pseudo trinucleotide composition and pseudo tetra nucleotide composition are applied to extract variant and high profound numerical *** a sequel,the vector spaces are fused to build a hybrid space in order to compensate the weakness of each *** learning hypotheses are examined to select the best operational engine,which can truly identify the pattern of the target *** strength and generalization of the proposed model are measured using two different cross validation *** reported outcomes reveal that the proposed model achieved 3%better accuracy than that of the highest present approach in the literature so far.

关键词： methylcytosine sites PseTNC PseTetraNC hybrid features SVM cross validation test

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Machine Learning Enabled Early Detection of Breast Cancer by Structural Analysis of Mammograms

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2021年第4期67卷 641-657页

作者： Mavra Mehmood Ember Ayub Fahad Ahmad Madallah Alruwaili Ziyad AAlrowaili Saad Alanazi Mamoona Humayun Muhammad Rizwan shahid naseem.tahir Alyas Department of Computer Sciences Kinnaird College for WomenLahore54000Pakistan College of Computer and Information Sciences Jouf UniversitySakakaAljouf72341Saudi Arabia Physics Department College of ScienceJouf UniversitySakakaAljouf72341Saudi Arabia Division of Computer Science&Information Technology University of EducationLahore54000Pakistan Department of Computer Science Lahore Garrison UniversityLahore54000Pakistan Department of Basic Sciences Deanship of Common First YearJouf UniversitySakakaAljouf72341Saudi Arabia

Clinical image processing plays a signicant role in healthcare systems and is currently a widely used *** carcinogenic diseases,time is crucial;thus,an image’s accurate analysis can help treat disease at an early *** carcinoma in situ(DCIS)and lobular carcinoma in situ(LCIS)are common types of malignancies that affect both women and *** number of cases of DCIS and LCIS has increased every year since 2002,while it still takes a considerable amount of time to recommend a controlling *** processing is a powerful technique to analyze preprocessed images to retrieve useful information by using some remarkable processing *** this paper,we used a dataset from the Mammographic Image Analysis Society and MATLAB 2019b software from MathWorks to simulate and extract our *** this proposed study,mammograms are primarily used to diagnose,more precisely,the breast’s tumor *** detection of DCIS and LCIS on breast mammograms is done by preprocessing the images using contrast-limited adaptive histogram *** resulting images’tumor portions are then isolated by a segmentation process,such as threshold ***,morphological operations,such as erosion and dilation,are applied to the images,then a gray-level co-occurrence matrix texture features,Harlick texture features,and shape features are extracted from the regions of *** classication purposes,a support vector machine(SVM)classier is used to categorize normal and abnormal ***,the adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system is deployed for the amputation of fuzziness due to overlapping features of patterns within the images,and the exact categorization of prior patterns is gained through the *** detection of DCIS and LCIS can save lives and help physicians and surgeons todiagnose and treat these *** results are obtained through cubic support vector machine(CSVM),respectively,showing 98.95%and 98.01%accuracies

关键词： Image processing tumor segmentation dilation erosion machine learning classication support vector machine adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system

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Effect of Cumulative Nanosecond Laser Pulses on the Plasma Emission Intensity and Surface Morphology of Pt-and Ag-Ion Deposited Silicon

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Plasma Science and Technology 2012年第4期14卷 333-337页

作者： Khurram SIRAJ Muhammad Zakria BUTT Muhammad KHALEEQ-UR-RAHMAN Muhammad shahid rafique Saima rafique FAKHAR-UN-NISA Advanced Physics Laboratory Department of PhysicsUniversity of Engineering and Technology

In this work, the laser induced plasma plume characteristics and surface morphology of Pt- and Ag-ion deposited silicon were studied. The deposited silicon was exposed to cumulative laser pulses. The plasma plume images produced by each laser shot were captured through a computer controlled image capturing system and analyzed with image-J software. The integrated optical emission intensity of both samples showed an increasing trend with increasing pulses. Agion deposited silicon showed higher optical emission intensity as compared to Pt-ion deposited silicon, suggesting that more damage occurred to the silicon by Ag ions, which was confirmed by SRIM/TRIM simulations. The surface morphologies of both samples were examined by optical microscope showing thermal, exfoliational and hydrodynamical sputtering processes along with the re-deposition of the material, debris and heat affected zones＇ formation. The crater of Ption deposited silicon was deeper but had less lateral damage than Agion deposited silicon. The novel results clearly indicated that the ion deposited silicon surface produced incubation centers, which led to more absorption of incident light resulting into a higher emission intensity from the plasma plume and deeper crater formation as compared to pure silicon. The approach can be effectively utilized in the laser induced breakdown spectroscopy technique, which endures poor limits of detection.

关键词： ions deposited silicon laser irradiation plasma plume emission intensity,crater formation

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Characterization of ion irradiated silicon surfaces ablated by laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy

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Chinese Physics B 2018年第8期27卷 505-510页

作者： T Iqbal M Abrar M B tahir M Seemab A Majid S rafique Department of Physics Faculty of Sciences University of Gujrat Hafiz Hayat Campus Department of Physics Hazara University Mansehra Department of Physics University of Engineering and Technology (UET)Lahore Pakistan

Low energy metallic ions, generated by a Q-switched Nd：YAG laser （1064-nm wavelength, 10-mJ energy, 9-nm 12-ns-pulse width, 1011 W/cm2 intensity） irradiated on a silicon substrate to modify various properties, such as electrical, morphological, and structural modifications. Thomson parabola technique is used to calculate the energy of these metallic ions whereas the electrical conductivity is calculated with the help of Four-point probe. Interestingly circular tracks forming chain like damage trails are produced via these energetic ions which are carefully examined by optical microscopy. It is observed that excitation, ionization, and cascade collisions are responsible for surface modifications of irradiated samples. Four-point probe analysis revealed that the electrical conductivity of substrate has reduced with increasing trend of atomic number of irradiated metallic ions （A1, Ti, Cu, and Au）. The x-ray diffraction analysis elucidated the crystallographic changes leading to reduction of grain size of N-type silicon substrate, which is also associated with the metallic ions used. The decreasing trend of conductivity and grain size is due to thermal stresses, scattering effect, structural imperfections, and non-uniform conduction of energy absorbed by substrate atoms after the ion irradiation.

关键词： ablation Thomson parabola technique four-point probe

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H^+,N^+和Ar^+离子束辐射诱导碳纳米结构的变化(英文)

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新型炭材料 2013年第2期28卷 81-87页

作者： A Ishaq shahid Iqbal Naveed Ali A A Khurram A U Akrajas C F Dee Shahzad naseem H M rafique Yan Long National Center for Physics Quaid-i-Azam UniversityIslamabad 44000Pakistan Center of Excellence in Solid State Physics University of the PunjabLahore 54590Pakistan Institute of Microengineering and Nanoelectronics Universiti Kebangsaan MalaysiaMalaysia School of Physical Sciences Department of PhysicsUniversity of the PunjabQuid-i-Azam Campus Lahore 54590Pakistan Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences

在室温和高温下,以不同辐射剂量的H+、N+和Ar+离子辐照多壁碳纳米管和无定形碳纳米线。利用透射电镜和拉曼光谱研究多壁碳纳米管和无定形碳纳米线的结构变化及损伤。以70keV N+离子束辐射多壁碳纳米管在室温下可形成无定形碳纳米线。10... 详细信息

在室温和高温下,以不同辐射剂量的H+、N+和Ar+离子辐照多壁碳纳米管和无定形碳纳米线。利用透射电镜和拉曼光谱研究多壁碳纳米管和无定形碳纳米线的结构变化及损伤。以70keV N+离子束辐射多壁碳纳米管在室温下可形成无定形碳纳米线。1000K下70keV的H+离子束照射导致无定形碳纳米线向金刚石结构转变。离子辐照多壁碳纳米管的有序程度足够高,70keV的N+和Ar+离子能够引起碳从多壁碳纳米管的剥落。离子辐射能够为缺陷的转化提供必需的动力学驱动力。

关键词：多壁碳纳米管离子束辐射相转变无定形碳纳米线洋葱状碳

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Exploring Placer Gold Deposits through Integrated Geophysical and Geochemical Techniques at the Confluence of the Indus and Kabul Rivers,NW Pakistan

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2020年第5期94卷 1440-1450页

作者： Asghar ALI Khaista REHMAN Owais TAYYAB tahir ZAMAN Mahad JAMEEL Azeem KHAN rafique AHMAD Muhammad IRFAN Department of Geology University of PeshawarKhyber Pakhtunkhwa 25120Pakistan National Centre of Excellence in Geology University of PeshawarKhyber Pakhtunkhwa 25120Pakistan Department of Geology The Bacha Khan UniversityCharsadda24420Pakistan

Analysis of the anomalous magnetic mineral intensities and geochemistry for placer gold deposits are presented for those of the Attock area at the confluence of the Indus and Kabul rivers in northwestern *** grids covering an area of 10 x18 m2 and 8 x10 m2 were analyzed using a G-858 Cesium Vapor *** anomalous zones obtained were plotted on contour maps,2 D and 3 D magnetic intensity *** on the magnetic anomalies,grid-1 of the study area was sampled at three different anomalous zones for geochemical *** zones contain gold concentrations,ranging from 2.11 ppm to 6.109 ppm with an average of 4.01 *** in gold concentration in the subsurface within the anomalous zones indicates that magnetometer survey followed by a geochemical analysis can potentially narrow down the gold-bearing anomalous zones.

关键词： geochemistry geophysics placer gold deposits magnetometer survey anomalous zones Pakistan

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Synthesis, Crystal Structure and DNA Interaction Study of 3-(2-(3,5-Diphenyl-4,5-dihydropyrazol-1-yl)thiazol-4-yl)-2H-chromen-2-one

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Chinese Journal of Structural Chemistry 2015年第7期34卷 1013-1018页

作者： MURTAZA Madni shahid Hameed MUHAMMAD Naeem Ahmed KHAWAJA Ansar Yasin MUHAMMAD Nawaz tahir Department of Chemistry Quaid-i-Azam University Department of Chemistry The University of Azad Jammu and Kashmir University of Sargodha Department of Physics

A new compound 3-（2-（3,5-diphenyl-4,5-dihydropyrazol-1-yl）thiazol-4-yl）-2Hchromen-2-one was synthesized by cyclocondensation of 3,5-diphenyl-4,5-dihydropyrazole-1-carbothioamide with 3-（2-bromoacetyl）-2H-chromen-2-one in ethanol at reflux for 2hrs. The compound was characterized by IR, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR and single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. The newly synthesized compound（C27H19N3O2S） crystallizes in the triclinic system, space group P1 with a = 5.2476（6）, b = 18.289（2）, c = 23.115（3） , α = 93.546（7）, β = 94.715（6）, γ = 92.347（7）°, V = 2204.3（4）3, Z = 4, Mr = 449.51, crystal size = 0.38 mm × 0.22 mm × 0.16 mm,（I 2σ（I）） = 35317, 9736, 3785, Rint = 0.081,（Δρ）max = 0.19 and（Δρ）min = –0.24 e·-3. DNA interaction studies revealed that the target compound strongly interacts with DNA through an intercalation binding mode and the binding constant of the compound is 7.45 × 104 M-1.

关键词： binding constant DNA Interaction crystal structure cyclocondensation reaction 1 3-thiazole

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Antibacterial Action of Chemically Synthesized and Laser Generated Silver Nanoparticles against Human Pathogenic Bacteria

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2016年第8期32卷 721-728页

作者： Nosheen Zafar Shahzadi Shamaila Jawad Nazir Rehana Sharif Muhammad shahid rafique Jalees Ul-Hasan Syeda Ammara Hina Khalid Department of Physics University of Engineering and Technology Lahore 54890 Pakistan Department of Microbiology University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences Lahore Pakistan Department of Physics Forman Christian College A Charted University Lahore Pakistan

Silver nanoparticles in the range of 10-40 nm were synthesized chemically and by laser ablation, em- ployed for in vitro antibacterial action against human pathogenic bacterium. Their formation was evidenced by UV-visible spectrophotometer; particle size confirmed by atomic force microscopy, crystal structure determined by X-ray diffraction and chemical composition investigated by Fourier transform infrared spec- troscopy. The calculated MIC （minimum inhibitory concentration） of chemically synthesized nanoparticles with 30-40 nm in size are 2.8 μg/mL 4.37 μg/mL 13.5μg/mL and 2.81 p.g/mL for E. coil, S. aureus, B. subtillis and Salmonella, respectively. Whereas laser ablated nanoparticles exhibit MIC of 2.10 μg/mL 2.36 μg/ mL and 2.68 μg/mL for E. coli, S. aureus and Salmonella, respectively.

关键词： Chemically synthesized and laser ablated nanoparticles UV-visible spectrophotometer Gram negative and gram positive bacteria

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