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Preparation and Application of Polymyxin B Affinity Membrane Cartridge

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Chinese Chemical Letters 1997年第8期8卷 745-746页

作者： Guo, W sh.ng, zh.yu, yn zhou, LM zhou, K CHINESE ACAD SCI DALIAN INST CHEM PHYSDALIAN 116012PEOPLES R CHINA sh.ngHAI MED UNIV ZHONGSHAN HOSPSHANGHAI 200032PEOPLES R CHINA

Affinity membrane was used for the endotoxin adsorption. The matrix macropore membrane was prepared from filterpaper by chemically crosslinking, and polymyxin B was immobilized as affinity ligand. The prepared membrane cartridge can be used for the removal of endotoxin from aqueous solutions. With a cartridge of 40 sheets affinity membrane containing, the endotoxin level of the processed solution can be reduced to a minimum of 4 pg/mL.

关键词： Preparation and Application of Polymyxin B Affinity Membrane Cartridge

ENDOTOXIN REMOVAL BY MEMBRANE AFFINITY CHROMATOGRAPHY

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Chinese Chemical Letters 1995年第10期6卷 919-922页

作者： Guo, W sh.ng, zh.yu, yn zhou, LM Zun, ZY Ma, LR Chen, MY Chinese Acad Sci Dalian Inst Chem Phys Dalian 116012 Peoples R China Acad Mil Med Sci Inst Radiat Med Beijing 100850 Peoples R China

Endotoxin was removed by membrane affinity chromatography. Macropore cellulose membrane was prepared from filter paper by alkaline treatment and chemical crosslinking, and was used as stationary phase for affinity chromatography. The matrix membrane was derived by hexamethylenediamine and activated by glutaraldehyde before histidine was immobilized as affinity ligand. A membrane cartridge containing 40 sheets of affinity membrane was also prepared, which can be used to remove pyrogen from aqueous solutions.

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A Simple and Novel Ipso-Bromination of 1-Bromomethyl-4-t-butyl-2,6-dimethylbenzene

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Chinese Chemical Letters 1997年第4期8卷 271-274页

作者： zhang, WC yu, zh CHINESE ACAD SCI INST CHEMBEIJING 100080PEOPLES R CHINA

A novel ipso electrophlic substitution of 1-bromomethyl-4-t-butyl-2,6-dimethylbenzene 1 with nitric acid in alcohol, which gives ipso-bromination product of 1-bromo-4-t-butyl-2,6-dimethylbenzene 2, is described and a ... 详细信息

关键词： EIMS A Simple and Novel Ipso-Bromination of 1-Bromomethyl-4-t-butyl-2,6-dimethylbenzene

Monitoring crustal movements in northern Tianshan Mountain based on GPS technology

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Geodesy and Geodynamics 2017年第3期8卷 155-159页

作者： A.V.Vilayev zh.sh.zhantayev A.zh.Bibosinov JSC "National Center of Space Research and Technology" DTOO "Institute of lonosphere" Almaty 050020 Kazakhstan

Monitoring results for the period 2009-2014 by ten standard GPS stations allowed to determine the crustal movements of seismically active region in south-eastern Kazakhstan. Maps of movement velocity were made in geocentric coordinate system and in reference system of the Eurasian continent. GPS points displacements reflect the features of modern deformation processes that are notable in the high seismic activity region. The structure of the velocity field divergence qualitatively confirms major deformation in the sublatitudinal direction which is parallel to the main ridge of the northern Tianshan Mountain. The epicenters of earthquakes are in agreement with the border areas of compression -tension, as well as the allocated areas of multidirectional rotary motion. The conclusion is that GPS monitoring of the movements of the Earth＇s crust can be used to evaluate the territory＇s stress-strain state for the purpose of seismic zoning and seismic risk assessment.

关键词： GPS monitoring Earth movements Deformation Tianshan Mountain

Master equation,design equations and runaway speed of the Kaplan turbine

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Journal of Hydrodynamics 2021年第2期33卷 282-300页

作者： zh.zhang zhAW Zurch University of Applied ScienceZurichSwitzerland

To make the Kaplan turbine technology comparable to both the Pelton and the Francis turbine,the master equation for the Kaplan turbine has been established by analyses similar to that-for the Francis *** analysis begins with the descriptions of free vortex flows at the runner inlet and the swirl flow at the impeller *** considering the Euler equation for specific work and by further evaluating the most significant shock and swirling losses,the first and the second energy equations in the form of hydraulic efficiency were *** master equation is then established by combining both energy *** addition,three design equations and a new design parameter are *** master equation relates the turbine hydromechanics to the geometrical design of both the runner and the guide-vane *** enables the complete hydraulic characteristics of a given Kaplan turbine to be analytically and simply computed.A computation example demonstrates the functionality and applicability of the *** the reconstructed master equation,the runaway speed of the Kaplan turbine and its dependence on the guide-vane setting can be easily and precisely *** bulb turbines with guide vanes directly ahead of the turbine runner in the same tube,all computations are also applicable using another equivalent control parameter.

关键词： Kaplan turbine master equation design equations design parameter runaway speed hydraulic efficiency shock loss swirling loss bulb turbines

Master equation and runaway speed of the Francis turbine

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Journal of Hydrodynamics 2018年第2期30卷 203-217页

作者： zh.zhang Free Researcher Zurich Switzerland

The master equation of the Francis turbine is derived based on the combination of the angular momentum（Euler） and the energy laws. It relates the geometrical design of the impeller and the regulation settings（guide vane angle and rotational speed） to the discharge and the power output. The master equation, thus, enables the complete characteristics of a given Francis turbine to be easily computed. While applying the energy law, both the shock loss at the impeller inlet and the swirling loss at the impeller exit are taken into account. These are main losses which occur at both the partial load and the overloads and, thus, dominantly influence the characteristics of the Francis turbine. They also totally govern the discharge of the water through the impeller when the impeller is found in the standstill. The computations have been performed for the discharge, the hydraulic torque and the hydraulic efficiency. They were also compared with the available measurements on a model turbine. Excellent agreement has been achieved. The computations also enable the runaway speed of the Francis turbine and the related discharge to be determined as a function of the setting angle of the guide vanes.

关键词： Francis turbine master equation runaway speed hydraulic efficiency shock loss swirling loss streamline similarity method

Fabrication of Silicon Quantum Wires by Conventional Silicon Processing

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High Technology Letters 1995年第1期1卷 25-27页

作者： Yi, sh. Jianlin, L. Feng, W. Rong, zh. Ping, H. shulin, G. shunming, zh. Baohua, M. Youdou, zh. Nanjing Univ Nanjing China

Ultra fine silicon quantum wires with the Si/SiO2 heterointerface have been fabricated successfully by using reactive ion etching, anisotropic wet chemical etching and subsequent thermal oxidation. The cross-sectional image of scanning electron microscope shows the silicon quantum wires of high quality with the linewidth down to 20nm. The present method has many remarkable advantages, which is important to the study of low-dimension quantum physics and devices.

关键词： Quantum wire Silicon Silicon dioxide Silicon technique

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Journal of Hydrodynamics 2018年第1期30卷 140-152页

作者： zh.zhang Free Researcher Zurich Switzerland

An analytical method is presented, which enables the non-uniform velocity and pressure distributions at the impeller inlet of a pump to be accurately computed. The analyses are based on the potential flow theory and the geometrical similarity of the streamline distribution along the leading edge of the impeller blades. The method is thus called streamline similarity method（SSM）. The obtained geometrical form of the flow distribution is then simply described by the geometrical variable G（s） and the first structural constant G_Ⅰ. As clearly demonstrated and also validated by experiments, both the flow velocity and the pressure distributions at the impeller inlet are usually highly non-uniform. This knowledge is indispensible for impeller blade designs to fulfill the shockless inlet flow condition. By introducing the second structural constant G_Ⅱ, the paper also presents the simple and accurate computation of the shock loss, which occurs at the impeller inlet. The introduction of two structural constants contributes immensely to the enhancement of the computational accuracies. As further indicated, all computations presented in this paper can also be well applied to the non-uniform exit flow out of an impeller of the Francis turbine for accurately computing the related mean values.

关键词： Pumps streamline similarity method flow distribution shock loss structural constant

SUBSTRUCTURE PRECONDITIONERS FOR NONCONFORMIng PLATE ELEMENTS

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Journal of Computational Mathematics 1998年第4期16卷 289-304页

作者： shi, ZC Xie, zh Chinese Acad Sci ICMSEC State Key Lab Sci & Engn Comp Beijing 100080 Peoples R China Chinese Acad Sci Inst Atmospher Phys LASG Beijing 100080 Peoples R China

In this paper, we consider the problem of solving finite element equations of biharmonic Dirichlet problems. We divide the given domain into non-overlapping subdomains, construct a preconditioner for Morley element by substructuring on the basis of a function decomposition for discrete biharmonic functions. The function decomposition is introduced by partitioning these finite element functions into the low and high frequency components through the intergrid transfer operators between coarse mesh and fine mesh, and the conforming interpolation operators. The method leads to a preconditioned system with the condition number bounded by C(1 + log(2) H/h) in the case with interior cross points, and by C in the case without interior cross points, where H is the subdomain size and h is the mesh size. These techniques are applicable to other nonconforming elements and are well suited to a parallel computation.

关键词： substructure preconditioner biharmonic equation nonconforming plate element