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Efficient Load Balancing with MANET Propagation of Least Common Multiple Routing and Fuzzy Logic

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第7期72卷 1831-1845页

作者： V.Gayatri M.senthil kumaran Department of Computer Science and Engineering SCSVMV UniversityEnathurKanchipuram631561India

Mobile Ad Hoc Network(MANET)is a group of node that would interrelate among each other through onemulti-hop wireless link,wherein the nodes were able to move in response to sudden *** objective of MANET routing protocol is to quantify the route and compute the best path,but there exists a major decrease in energy efficiency,difficulty in hop selection,cost estimation,and efficient *** this paper,a novel least common multipath-based routing has been *** routing is used to find a multipath route from source and *** balancing is of primary importance in the mobile ad-hoc networks,due to limited bandwidth among the nodes and the initiator of the load routing discovery phase in the multipath routing *** logic for load balancing multipath routing in MANETs is proposed,which ensures the data packets are sent through a path with the variance of binary sets to predict the original transformation of the data to be received in the *** main objective of the proposed system is to reduce the routing time of data packets and avoid the traffic based on multipath source and *** experimental results have to verify 96.7%efficiency in balancing the load.

关键词： MANETs multipath routing least common multiple routing(LCMR)and fuzzy logic route requests(RREQs) route replies(RREPs)

Optimized Power Factor Correction for High Speed Switched Reluctance Motor

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Intelligent Automation & Soft Computing 2023年第1期35卷 997-1014页

作者： R.S.Preethishri J.Anitha Roseline K.Murugesan M.senthil kumaran Sri Sivasubramaniya Nadar College of Engineering KalavakkamTamilnadu603110India

The Power Factor Correction(PFC)in Switched Reluctance(SR)motor is discussed in this *** SR motors are applicable for multiple applications like electric vehicles,wind mills,machineries *** doubly salient structure of SR motor causes the occurrence of torque ripples,which affects the power factor of the *** improve the power quality,the power factor has to be corrected and the ripples have to be *** order to achieve these objectives,a novel power factor correction(PFC)method is proposed in this ***,the conventional Diode Bridge Rectifier(DBR)is replaced by a Bridgeless Hybrid Resonant(HR)converter,which assists in improvising the output in a wider *** converter is chosen because of having variety of beneficial measures including high *** converter’s output is fed to the SR motor by means of an asymmetric Bridge Resonant(BR)*** proposed converter operates in continuous mode of conduction with the switching frequency of 10 KHz.A hysteresis current controller and Proportional Integral(PI)controller are utilized for reducing the harmonics in the source current along with the regulation of output *** addition,the speed control of SR motor is accomplished by means of the Whale Optimization Algorithm(WOA)assisted PI *** proposed methodology is effective for the control of unity power factor,torque and current *** Total Harmonic Distortion(THD)of the source current is also minimized,which suits the standard of International Electrotechnical Comission IEC *** this methodology,the power factor of 0.99 is achieved with 97%efficiency and 3.92%*** proposed methodology is validated in simulation by MATLAB and in hardware by FPGA Spartan 6E.

关键词： Bridgeless hybrid resonant converter switched reluctance motor BR converter hysteresis current controller PI controller WOA

Assessment of source water contamination by estrogenic disrupting compounds in China

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2012年第2期24卷 320-328页

作者： Weiwei Jiang YeYan Mei Ma Donghong Wang Qian Luo Zijian Wang senthil kumaran Satyanarayanan Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100085 China Unit of Toxicology Bharathiar University Coimbatore 641046 lndia

Detection of estrogenic disrupting compounds（EDCs） in drinking waters around China has led to rising concerns about health risks associated with these *** is,however,a paucity of studies on the occurrence and identification of the main compounds responsible for this pollution in the source *** fill this void,we screened estrogenic activities of 23 source water samples from six main river systems in China,using a recombinant two-hybrid yeast *** sample extracts induced significant estrogenic activity,with E2 equivalents（EEQ） of raw water ranging from 0.08 to 2.40 ng/***,16 samples were selected for chemical analysis by gas chromatography-mass *** EDCs of most concern,including estrone（E1）,17β-estradiol（E2）,17α-ethinylestradiol（EE2）,estriol（E3）,diethylstilbestrol（DES）,estradiol valerate（EV）,4-t-octylphenol（4-t-OP）,4-nonylphenols（4-NP） and bisphenol A（BPA）,were determined at concentrations of up to 2.98,1.07,2.67,4.37,2.52,1.96,89.52,280.19 and 710.65 ng/L,*** analysis,involving comparison of EEQ values from yeast assay and chemical analysis identified E2,EE2 and 4-NP as the main responsible compounds,accounting for the whole estrogenic activities（39.74% to 96.68%）.The proposed approach using both chemical analysis and yeast assay could be used for the identification and evaluation of EDCs in source waters of China.

关键词： source water estrogenic disrupting compounds yeast assay bioassay

A gas chromatography/mass spectrometry method for the simultaneous analysis of 50 phenols in wastewater using deconvolution technology

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2011年第3期56卷 275-284页

作者： ZHONG WenJue WANG DongHong XU XiaoWei WANG BingYi LUO Qian senthil kumaran Satyanarayanan WANG ZiJian State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100085 China Unit of Toxicology Bharathiar University Coimbatore 641046 India

Phenolic compounds exist widely in the influents and effluents of sewage treatment plants (STPs) and most are *** this study,a gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) method for the simultaneous analysis of 50 phenolic compounds in wastewater was *** technology was used to identify contaminants that are covered by co-extracted materials.A mass spectral library containing all 50 silylated phenolic compounds was first established and used for *** typical phenolic compounds were selected to optimize the sample preparation ***-phase extraction using a C18 cartridge coupled with an HLB cartridge was used for pre-concentration and dichloromethane was used for *** solutes were derivatized and analyzed by *** blank and matrix spike recoveries ranged from 57.46% to 136.4% and 47.87% to 114.8%,*** detection limits ranged from 3.64 to 97.64 ng L–*** relative standard deviations of all the recovery experiments were lower than 13.6%.The instrument limits of quantification ranged from 0.7 to 87.7 *** method has been applied to analyze the influents and effluents of 5 Chinese *** for regulated phenolic compounds (phenol and 2,4,6-trichlorophenol),three un-regulated phenolic compounds,including 2-chlorophenol,2,5-dichlorophenol and 2,4-dichloro3-ethyl-6-nitrophenol were identified in the effluent *** detected concentrations of un-regulated phenolic compounds could possibly cause environmental effects,indicating that immediate attention is required to prevent complications.

关键词：酚类化合物废水利用气相色谱/质谱法解卷积时分技术污水处理厂气相色谱质谱法

Surgical debulking, lymphatico venous anastomosis, vascularised lymph node transfer in lower limb lymphoedema

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Plastic and Aesthetic Research 2020年第4期7卷 27-39页

作者： Hari Venkatramani Rajasabapathy Raja Shanmugakrishnan Murugesan senthil kumaran Shanmuganathan Raja Sabapathy Plastic Hand&Reconstructive Microsurgery&BurnsGanga HospitalCoimbatore 641043India

Lymphoedema is a chronic debilitating disease of the lymphatic system that occurs due to either abnormal development or damage of the lymphatics resulting from cancer or *** optimal treatment of lymphoedema is still *** is tailored according to clinical features,investigations and expectations of each *** patients should undergo a trial of conservative management with compression therapy,manual lymphatic drainage and external sequential compression *** lymphoedema is treated by lymphovascular anastomosis,where the lymph vessels are connected to the subdermal veins by *** late cases when the limb is fibrotic,vascularised lymph node transfers are done,where lymph nodes are transferred from a healthy area to the affected *** advanced cases,when the limb is fibrotic with cutaneous folds and skin changes,surgical debulking is *** lymphoedema,along with accumulation of lymphatic tissue,there is also fat deposition,which can be removed by *** should be conversant with all treatment modalities to provide the lymphoedema patient with optimal care.

关键词： Lymphoedema lymphovascular anastomosis vascularised lymph node transfers liposuction surgical debulking

Design of a two spool contra-rotating turbine for a turbo-fan engine

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Propulsion and Power Research 2020年第3期9卷 225-239页

作者： Prathapanayaka Rajeevalochanam S.N.Agnimitra Sunkara Seepana Venkata Ramana Murthy R.senthil kumaran Propulsion Division CSIR-National Aerospace LaboratoriesBangaloreKarnataka560017India Turbine Group Gas Turbine Research EstablishmentDRDOBangalore.Karnataka560093India

Contra-rotating turbines offer enhanced performance over their conventional corotating *** addition,vaneless contra-rotating turbine stages offer lesser stage length along with improved ***-rotating turbines with a vaned LP stages offer a controlled work-split between the stages over a wider range of operating conditions by maintaining inlet swirl to the second *** objective of the present work is to design an equivalent vaned contra-rotating turbine for an existing co-rotating configuration of a two-spool turbo fan *** contra-rotating turbine is designed by retaining the existing flow path and HP turbine,and redesigning the LP turbine for fixed radial distributions of inlet total temperature,pressure and swirl.A comparative study between performance of the co-rotating and contra-rotating turbines is carried out for different *** testing of the LP stator and rotor mean sections was carried out to validate the *** LP stage of contra-rotating turbine exhibits a performance improvement by 2%points at design point,as per flow *** reduced flow deflection in stator row is the primary reason for significant reduction in profile and secondary losses in contra-rotating turbine,which contributed to the performance improvement.A significant reduction of 23%in blade weight and 45% in LP stator vane count is obtained.

关键词： Contra-rotating turbine Computational fluid dynamics Vaned contra-rotating Two spool Unsteady CFD

A Contemporary Review on Drought Modeling Using Machine Learning Approaches

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2021年第8期128卷 447-487页

作者： Karpagam Sundararajan Lalit Garg Kathiravan Srinivasan Ali Kashif Bashir Jayakumar Kaliappan Ganapathy Pattukandan Ganapathy senthil kumaran Selvaraj T.Meena School of Information Technology and Engineering Vellore Institute of TechnologyVellore632014India Faculty of Information and Communication Technology University of MaltaMsidaMSD2080Malta Department of Computing and Mathematics Manchester Metropolitan UniversityManchesterM156BHUK School of Computer Science and Engineering Vellore Institute of TechnologyVellore632014India Centre for Disaster Mitigation and Management Vellore Institute of TechnologyVellore632014India Department of Manufacturing Engineering School of Mechanical EngineeringVellore Institute of TechnologyVellore632014India School of Civil Engineering Vellore Institute of TechnologyVellore632014India

Drought is the least understood natural disaster due to the complex relationship of multiple contributory factors. Itsbeginning and end are hard to gauge, and they can last for months or even for years. India has faced many droughtsin the last few decades. Predicting future droughts is vital for framing drought management plans to sustainnatural resources. The data-driven modelling for forecasting the metrological time series prediction is becomingmore powerful and flexible with computational intelligence techniques. Machine learning (ML) techniques havedemonstrated success in the drought prediction process and are becoming popular to predict the weather, especiallythe minimum temperature using backpropagation algorithms. The favourite ML techniques for weather forecastinginclude support vector machines (SVM), support vector regression, random forest, decision tree, logistic regression,Naive Bayes, linear regression, gradient boosting tree, k-nearest neighbours (KNN), the adaptive neuro-fuzzyinference system, the feed-forward neural networks, Markovian chain, Bayesian network, hidden Markov models,and autoregressive moving averages, evolutionary algorithms, deep learning and many more. This paper presentsa recent review of the literature using ML in drought prediction, the drought indices, dataset, and performancemetrics.

关键词： Drought forecasting machine learning drought indices stochastic models fuzzy logic dynamic method hybrid method

In vitro assay for human thyroid hormone receptor β agonist and antagonist effects of individual polychlorinated naphthalenes and Halowax mixtures

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2011年第6期56卷 508-513页

作者： LI Na MA Mei WANG ZiJian senthil kumaran Satyanarayanan State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100085 China Unit of Toxicology Bharathiar University Coimbatore 641046 India

Polychlorinated naphthalenes (PCNs) are dioxin-like environmental contaminants. There is growing concern over the endocrine-disrupting effects of PCNs, but very few studies have investigated the effect of PCNs on the thyroid system. This study used a yeast two-hybrid assay, which included the recombinant human thyroid receptor(TR)-β and reporter genes, to characterize the TRβ-disrupting effects of five individual PCN congeners, five PCN Halowax mixtures, and naphthalene. Their agonist and antagonist effects were studied in the absence and presence of 5×10-7 mol/L 3,3′,5-triiodo-L-thyronine, which induced submaximal β-galactosidase activity. Naphthalene, 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8-octachloronaphthalene and all of the Halowax mixtures (Halowax 1000, 1001, 1013, 1014 and 1099) showed no agonist or antagonist activity on TRβ at the concentrations tested (up to 10-2 g/L). The lighter PCN congeners, namely 1-chloronaphthalene, 2-chloronaphthalene, 1,4-dichloronaphthalene and 1,2,3,4-tetrachloronaphthalene showed no agonist activity but showed significant antagonist activity on TRβ. The 20% relative inhibitory concentrations of these PCNs were less than 9.13 × 10-3 g/L. Thus, bioaccumulation of these lighter PCN congeners may disrupt the thyroid hormone system and inhibit TR-mediated cellular responses. Studies in the future should investigate the possible associations between the presence PCNs and adverse health outcomes.

关键词：甲状腺激素受体多氯萘激动剂混合物拮抗剂测定体外拮抗活性

FPGA Based Speed Control of SRM with Optimized Switching Angles by Self Tuning

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Circuits and Systems 2016年第8期7卷 1530-1545页

作者： P. Saravanan R. Arumugam M. senthil kumaran Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering SSN College of Engineering Kalavakkam India

The electromagnetic torque and speed in Switched Reluctance Motor (SRM) greatly depend on the excitation parametersi.e. turn-on angle, turn-off angle, dwell angle and magnitude of the phase currents of its phases. At lower speeds, a change in the current contributes the torque requirement which can be achieved either by voltage control (pulse width modulation) or instantaneous current control techniques. At high speeds, due to high back EMF, the regulation of current is crucial and achieved with the control of switching angles of phases. This type of control is referred as average torque control, where the torque is averaged over one stroke (2π/Nr). With constant dwell angle, advancing the phase angle influences the current into the phase winding at minimum inductance position. It has more time to get the current out of the phase winding before the rotor reaches the negative inductance slope. To maintain the speed of the motor at different load conditions, the turn-on and turn-off angles are adaptively varied. The change in dwell angle may be required where the turn-on and turn-off angle may not be sufficient to reach the required speed. In this paper, a new algorithm is proposed for self tuning of switching parameters of SRM. The proposed algorithm is simulated in MATLAB-Simulink and experimentally validated with Field Programmable Gated Array (FPGA) using MATLAB- system generator environment.

关键词： Switched Reluctance Motor Speed Control Optimized Switching Angles FPGA Nexys-4 MATLAB-System Generator