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Integration of Fish and Poultry Farming into Cropping Systems to Improve Production Yields

Open Journal of Applied Sciences 2022年第12期12卷 2037-2054页

作者： Mbaye Tine Saliou Wade mbacke sembene UFR of Agricultural Sciences Aquaculture and Food Technologies (UFR S2ATA) Gaston Berger University Saint-Louis Senegal UFR of Economic Sciences and Management Gaston Berger University Saint-Louis Senegal Department of Animal Biology Faculty of Sciences and Technology Cheikh Anta Diop University Dakar Senegal

This study aims to evaluate and compare the fertilizing effects of fish-breeding water and river water combined or not with composted poultry manure on the growth and production of okra and lettuce crops. Thus, a sample of 2000 Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus fry and a sample of 100 Cobb 500 strain chicks were reared and monitored for six months and fifteen days. Poultry manure and fish-breeding water were then collected and used to fertilize and water okra and lettuce crops. Two systems were used for the crops (okra and lettuce) tested in an elementary plot design with replicates for each treatment (T1: fish-breeding water alone;T2: river water alone;T3: fish-breeding water combined with manure;T4: river water combined with manure). Morphometric parameters and phenological traits of okra and lettuce crops as well as the total harvest weight and production yield were evaluated and compared between treatments. The results reveal better growth and higher yields (0.67 kg/m2 vs. 0.45 kg/m2) of okra crops that received treatment T1 compared to T2. The best growth and yields of lettuce were obtained with treatments T3 (3.34 kg/m2) and T1 (1.89 kg/m2) compared to T4 (1.23 kg/m2) and T2 (1.20 kg/m2). These results show that fish-breeding water combined with poultry manure can boost okra and lettuce production and would be a real asset to stimulate local agricultural development. Thus, the adoption of such an agro-ecological approach integrating fish farming and animal husbandry could increase local production and provide food of good nutritional quality.

关键词： Agroecology Poultry Fish Farming Production Yield Nile Tilapia Cobb 500 Okra Lettuce

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Inventory, Geographical Distribution of CaryedonSpecies in Burkina Faso, and Evaluation of Their Impact on Stored Groundnut

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Advances in Entomology 2017年第2期5卷 55-67页

作者： Issoufou Ouedraogo mbacke sembene Dona Dakouo INERA/Station de Farako-Ba Bobo-Dioulasso Burkina Faso Département de Biologie Animale Université Cheick Anta Diop de Dakar Dakar Senegal UFR-SVT Université de Ouagadougou Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

To understand the mechanism of infestation of stored groundnut in farming areas, studies on the inventory and geographical distribution of Caryedon species were carried out in the tree savannah and in producers’ storage structures. The incidence of C. serratus in stored groundnut was evaluated. Inventory and geographical distribution of insects belonging to Caryedon genus was achieved through a sampling in the savannah and producers’ granaries. The inventory and geographical distribution of insects was made throughout Burkina Faso whereas the evaluation of the perforations of groundnut pods was made in the western zone of the country. The results of the inventory showed the presence of two species belonging to Caryedon genus which are C. serratus and C. crampelii. These species are found on the agro-ecological zones of the country. The survival and maintenance of Caryedon species genus are ensured by the presence of plants belonging to various families such as Caesalpiniceae and Mimosaceae. The evaluation of the losses caused by C. serratus in producer’s stored groundnut revealed that the pods perforation rate varied according to the locality. In?Toussiana, the rate of perforated pods ranged from 53.72% to 100% in five months while in?Karangasso Sembla, for the same conservation time, the rate was in the range from 2.8% to 35%. However it is C. serratus which is responsible for the losses observed in the stored groundnut. Indeed, in the western area of Burkina Faso where more than 25% of the production is realized, 70% of groundnut stocked without treatment is destroyed by this insect after only four months of storage.

关键词： Groundnut Inventory Sahelian Zone Caryedon sp. Burkina Faso

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Bat 26 Microsatellite Instability in Oral Cavity Cancers in Senegal

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Journal of Cancer Therapy 2023年第1期14卷 25-37页

作者： Mame Diarra Samb Fatimata Mbaye Mouhamadou Makhtar Ndiaye Silly Toure mbacke sembene Genomics Laboratory Department of Animal Biology Faculty of Science and Technology Cheikh Anta Diop University Dakar Senegal Department of Maxillofacial Surgery and Stomatology Faculty of Medicine Pharmacy and Stomatology Cheikh Anta Diop University Dakar Senegal

Oral cavity cancers are part of head and neck cancers. They have become frequent in the world in general and Senegal in particular. This study evaluates microsatellite instability tumors in oral cavity cancers in Senegal. Forty cancerous tissues, 20 healthy tissues, and 12 blood tissues were included in this study. These tissues were collected from each patient during the biopsy after obtaining consent. DNA extraction, Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) and sequencing were carried out to obtain sequences. Mutation surveyor, Bioedit and Dnasp software were used to perform our analyses. High instability was found in 57.5% of patients with cancer. Moreover, 90% of the patients had the same motif on healthy and cancerous tissue. Furthermore, 26.12%, 20.72%, and 11.71% polymorphic sites were found in cancerous, healthy and blood tissue respectively. Thus, a similarity between cancerous and healthy tissues seems to exist. This implies that instability of the Bat 26 microsatellite could occur early in the occurrence of oral cavity cancers.

关键词： Cancer Oral Cavity Microsatellite Instability Bat 26 Senegal

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Composition and Diversity of Soil Bacterial Communities along an Environmental Gradient in the Sudano-Sahelian Region of Senegal

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Open Journal of Soil Science 2020年第2期10卷 58-89页

作者： Souleymane B. D. Diatta Laure N. Tall Yacine B. Ndour mbacke sembene Komi Assigbetsé LMI Intensification Ecologique des Sols cultivés en Afrique de l’Ouest (IESOL) IRD Dakar Senegal Université Cheikh Anta Diop de Dakar Département de Biologie Animale Dakar Senegal Laboratoire National de Recherches sur les Productions Végétales (LNRPV) Institut Sénégalais des Recherches Agricoles ISRA Dakar Senegal Eco & Sols Université de Montpellier CIRAD INRA IRD Montpellier SupAgro Montpellier France

The soils of the semi-arid Sudano-Sahelian region of West Africa have been identified as being highly vulnerable to soil degradation with impacts on their capacity to provide goods and services in which soil microorganisms participate. Unfortunately, soil microbial diversity from this semi-arid region with high rainfall variability remains largely unexplored. The aim of the present study was to characterize the diversity and composition of the soil bacterial communities and to identify factors involved in their spatial distribution along an environmental gradient in Senegal. Samples were collected from non-anthropogenic sites across four pedoclimatic zones. Bacterial communities were characterized using next-generation sequencing and soil physico-chemical parameters were determined. Our results showed that Firmicutes, Actinobacteria, Proteobacteria, Chloroflexi, Gemmatimonadetes, Acidobacteria, and Verrucomicrobia phyla were predominant in the soils of the region. Bacterial α-diversity was stable along the environmental gradient whereas β-diversity highlighted significant changes in the composition of the soil bacterial community. Changes were driven by shifts in the relative abundance of OTUs belonging mainly to the genus Bacillus, Conexibacter, Kaistobacter, Solirubrobacter, Ktedonobacter, Sphingomonas, Microvirga, Rubrobacter and Pelobacter. Soil properties like pH, soil moisture and clay content were the environmental parameters identified as drivers of the composition of the bacterial communities in the semi-arid Sudano-Sahelian region of Senegal (West Africa).

关键词： Soil Bacterial Diversity Sudano-Sahelian Pedoclimatic Gradient Next-Generation Sequencing

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Chemical Characterization and Insecticidal Activity of Ethyl Acetate and Dichloromethane Extracts of Drypetes gossweileri against Sitophilus zeamais, Tribolium castaneum and Rhyzopertha dominica

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Journal of Life Sciences 2013年第10期7卷 1030-1040页

作者： Aba Toumnou Lucie Seck Dogo Lakouetene Didier Ponel Beranger Bolevane Ouantinam Serge Florent Gueye Momar Talla Traore Anna Namkosserena Salomon Noba Kandioura sembene mbacke Syssa-Magale Jean-Laurent Regional Centre for Studies on the Improvement of Plant Adaptation to Drought Thies 3320 Senegal Regional Centre for Ecotoxicology Studies and Chemical Environment Security (CERES-Locustox) Dakar 3300 Senegal Department of Natural sciences University of Bangui Bangui 908 Central Africa Republic Institut of Food Technology Dakar 2765 Senegal Regional Pole of Applied Research to Development Farming Systems in Central Africa (PtL4SAC) N 'Djamena 764 Chad Department of Plant Biology Cheikh Anta Diop University Dakar 5005 Senegal Department of Animal Biology Cheikh Anta Diop University Dakar 5005 Senegal

The use of botanical pesticides in pest management during storage against insects is often encouraged because synthetic insecticides produce undesired effects. Bark powder ofDrypetes gossweileri is used by farmers in pest management in Central Africa Republic. Hexane, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate and methanol were used for extraction bark powder by maceration. Insecticidal activity of the extracts was tested on Sitophilus zeamais, Tribolium castaneum and Rhy_-opertha dominica. The mortality rate, the number of surviving insects and the number of emerged insects were measured variables. Calculated mortality was obtained by applying Aboth＇s formula. The variables are submitted to variance analysis, model with four factors （plants, insects, doses and time） in Minitab 14. The results of analysis showed that the mortality rate has a very highly significant variation following extracts, doses, insects and time considered （P 〈 0.001）. Extracts with ethyl acetate and dichloromethane of D. gossweileri are effective against S. zeamais and R. dominica at high doses （1, 0.5, 0.250 g/10 mL of solvent）. These effective extracts were characterized by gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry. Molecules such as l-isothiocyanatomethyl, thiocyanic acid, phenylmethyl ester and other were characterizated. These results may consolidate traditional use olD. gossweileri in pest management.

关键词： Control stored grains pests' management Drypetes gossweileri.

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Pest Management of Storage Pests Using Extracts of Afrostyrax lepidophyllus against Sitophilus zeama＇（s, Tribolium castaneum and Rhyzopertha dominica

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Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology(B) 2014年第1期4卷 58-66页

作者： Aba Toumnou Lucie Gueye Momar Talla Bolevane Ouatinam Serge Florent Traore Anna Gueye Sabelle Lakouetene Didier Ponel Beranger Namkosserena Salomon Ndoye Ousmane Syssa-Magale Jean-Lauren Noba Kandioura sembene mbacke Seck Dogo Faculty of Sciences University of Bangui Bangui Central Africa Republic lnstitut of Food Technology Dakar 3300 Senegal Regional Centre for Ecotoxicology Studies and Chemical Environment Security (CERES-Locustox) Dakar 3300 Senegal Regional Pole of Applied Research to Development Farming Systems in Central Africa (PRASAC) Bangui Central Africa Republic West and Central African Council for Agricultural Research and Development Dakar 18523 Senegal Faculty of Sciences Cheikh Anta Diop University Dakar 5005 Senegal

The use of botanical pesticides in pest management during storage against insects is often encouraged because synthetic insecticides produce multiple side-effects on human health and environment. Insecticidal activity of the hexane, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate and methanol extracts of bark ofAfrostyrax lepidophyllus was tested on Sitophilus zeama~：~, Tribolium castaneum and Rhy-opertha dominica. The mortality rate was measured variable. The results of analysis showed that the mortality rate has a very highly significant variation following extracts, doses, insects and time considered （P 〈 0.001）. Extracts with ethyl acetate and hexane of A. lepidophyllus are effective against S. zeamais at the highest doses （1 g/10 mL and 0.5 g/10 mL of solvent）. These effective extracts werc characterized by gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry. Molecules such as thiocyanic acid, ethyl ester： dimetbylditbiophosphinic acid and other were characterizated. These results may consolidate traditional use ofA. lepidophylh^s in pest management.

关键词： Control stored grains pests management Afrostyrax lepidophyllus.

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Evaluation of Quantitative and Qualitative Losses on Millet and White Rice in Storage Grains Caused by Corcyra cephalonica(Stainton) in Senegal

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Advances in Entomology 2021年第1期9卷 30-43页

作者： Mamadou LO Toffène Diome Cheikh Thiaw Mbacké sembene Genetics and Population Management Team Department of Animal Biology Faculty of Science and Technology Cheikh Anta Diop University Dakar Senegal UFR Sciences and Techniques in Agronomy and Vegetable Production (STAPV) University of Sine Saloum El-Hadji Ibrahima Niass (USSEIN) Sing-Sing Kaolack Senegal

In Senegal, millet (Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br.) and rice (Oryza sativa (L., 1753)) are the most widely consumed foods. This study is part of improving the conservation of these two cereals in Senegal by assessing the quantitative and qualitative losses caused by a lepidopteran, Corcyra cephalonica (Stainton) subservient to millet and rice stocks. For this purpose, samples of millet and rice from an area of the center of the groundnut basin (Diourbel) were collected, sterilized in the cold and infected with C. cephalonica eggs from the same locality. These infected samples were tracked during a development period of two successive generations. The samples were scrutinized before being infected and after a larval cycle of codling moth. The results showed that rice grains are richer in water (10.75% ± 0.4249%, on average) than millet (9.40% ± 0.3944%, on average) and the difference in rank is very significant (p-value = 0.0001 Moreover, the attack percentage on millet grains is three times higher (36.31% ± 25.18%) than rice (12.95% ± 6.69%) with a non-significant difference (p-value =

关键词： Millet Rice C. cephalonica Attack Percentage Loss Percentage

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Genetic Characterization of Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) Strains from Senegal for Sustainable Local Aquaculture Production

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Open Journal of Genetics 2023年第1期13卷 1-22页

作者： Mbaye Tine Ramatoulaye Fall Hamet Diaw Diadhiou Mbacké sembene UFR of Agricultural Sciences Aquaculture and Food Technologies (UFR S2ATA) Gaston Berger University (UGB) Saint-Louis Senegal The National Agency for Aquaculture (ANA) Dakar Senegal ISRA/Oceanographic Research Center Dakar-Thiaroye Dakar Senegal Department of Animal Biology Faculty of Science and Technology Cheikh Anta Diop University (UCAD) Dakar Senegal

The optimization of aquaculture production requires the selection of efficient strains. Thus, genetic improvement has become one of the important levers to boost the development of aquaculture. The objective of this study was to carry out genetic characterization of Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus, one of the most cultivated fish species in Senegal, in order to select an efficient strain to optimize local fish production. Thus, fish from five different populations (Richard-Toll, ANA, ITACA, Mbodiene and Sauvage) were analyzed, with 15 individuals per population. Genetic diversity and population structure were assessed using molecular genetic analyses by sequence characterized amplified region (SCAR) and microsatellite (SSR) markers. The analyses of the SCARII marker were conducted on four populations (ANA, ITACA, Sauvage and Mbodiene) while microsatellite analyses were conducted on all five populations. The results show high levels of polymorphism of SSR markers, and a high level of observed heterozygosity (Ho), indicating a high within-population genetic variability. These results are in agreement with the AMOVA results, which indicated a high within-population genetic variability (94%). The genetic structure analysis by DAPC indicates that the five populations analyzed are structured into four groups, which are highly heterogeneous because they share common allele individuals. The analysis of the genetic structure by AMOVA showed a low degree of differentiation between the populations (6%), in agreement with the genetic differentiation index (Fst = 0.059). The heterogeneity of studied populations implies a genetic flow over time, which may have existed between the original populations. The overall negative Tajima D values and low genetic differentiation indicate an excess of rare mutations in the populations studied, resulting from a recent population expansion from a limited number of initial breeders isolated in locale hatcheries. Thus, further studies with a

关键词： Oreochromis niloticus Polymorphism Heterozygosity Genetic Diversity Genetic Structure

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Diversity and Origin of Indigenous Village Chickens (Gallus gallus) from Chad, Central Africa

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Advances in Bioscience and Biotechnology 2015年第9期6卷 592-600页

作者： Khadidja Hassaballah Vounparet Zeuh Raman A. Lawal Olivier Hanotte Mbacké sembene Department of Biology Faculty of Exact and Applied Sciences University of N’Djamena N’Djamena Chad Livestock Polytechnic Institute of Moussoro Moussoro Chad School of Life Sciences The University of Nottingham University Park Nottingham UK Department of Animal Biology Faculty of Sciences and Techniques Cheikh Anta Diop University of Dakar Dakar Senegal

In this study we assess the maternal genetic diversity and origin of indigenous village chickens from Chad complementing previous phenotypic and biometric measurements studies. We analysed a 387 bp fragment of the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) D-loop region of 181 village chickens from three populations of western Chad (Lake Chad/Hadjer Lamis), central Chad (Guera) and south-west Chad (Pala) and at different poultry markets in N'Djamena. Twenty-five polymorphic sites and 20 haplotypes are identified. Phylogenetic and network analyses group all chicken into a single mtDNA haplogroup D. Comparison with reference sequences shows that this haplogroup is the commonest one observed in chicken and it supports the Indian subcontinent as the maternal center of origin for the village chicken in Chad. Little genetic variation was found within and between populations which is in agreement with a recent and a maternal founding effect for the chicken in the country.

关键词： mtDNA D-Loop Genetic Variation Origin Village Chickens Chad

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Comparative Morphometry of the Sitophilus zeamaisMotschulsky Populations (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) Infesting Yellow Maize in Four West African Countries

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Advances in Entomology 2022年第1期10卷 85-98页

作者： Adiouma Georges Robert Jacques Sarr Cheikh Abdou Khadre Mbacké Dia Tofféne Diome Pape Mbacké sembene Entomology and Acarology Laboratory Animal Biology Department Faculty of Sciences and Techniques Cheikh Anta Diop University of Dakar Dakar Senegal

Sitophilus zeamais is a primary pest of stored maize, which can cause quality and quantity losses. Maize is cultivated in several West African countries where different agro-climatic and agro-ecological conditions exist. These conditions could influence the Sitophilus zeamais morphology. Thus, the purpose of this study is to identify the Sitophilus zeamais morphological groups in the four countries. This was carried out through the morphometric study of 30 male Sitophilus zeamais individuals taken from the yellow maize in each country, by measuring with a binocular magnifying glass, 16 variables of the different tagmas belonging to the insect. Subsequently, statistical analyses were firstly carried out with the raw measurements, such as the principal component analysis, in order to extract the contribution of the variables on each factorial axis and to visualise the correlations between the variables. Taking the case of the transformed measurements, in addition to the principal component analysis, a discriminant factorial analysis was carried out to find out the best factor for gathering individuals according to their morphology, a confusion matrix to summarise the individual

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