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Are direct-acting antivirals against hepatitis C virus infection not associated with the recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma?

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Hepatobiliary Surgery and Nutrition 2019年第4期8卷 423-425页

作者： Masahiro ogawa Tatsuo Kanda Mitsuhiko Moriyama Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Department of Medicine Nihon University School of Medicine Tokyo Japan

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is one of the major causes of end-stage liver disease and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Before the use of direct acting antivirals (DAAs) against HCV, liver transplantation was one of the best ways to achieve long-term survival and a better prognosis in patients with HCV infection and advanced liver fibrosis (1). In the interferon era, it is difficult for HCV infected patients with advanced liver fibrosis to achieve sustained virological response (SVR) because interferon therapy causes severe adverse events and these completely hamper this treatment in these patients.

关键词： interferon infection hepatocellular

A plant growth chamber system equipped with aerosol generators for studying aerosol-vegetation interactions

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Particuology 2024年第2期85卷 122-132页

作者： Masao Gen seiji Ikawa Masahiro Yamaguchi Fong Zyin Lim Takeshi Izuta I.Wuled Lenggoro Graduate School of Bio-Applications and Systems Engineering Tokyo University of Agriculture and TechnologyKoganeiTokyo184-8588Japan Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials Tohoku UniversitySendai980-8577Japan Faculty of Agriculture Tokyo University of Agriculture and TechnologyFuchuTokyo183-8509Japan Graduate School of Fisheries and Environmental Sciences Nagasaki UniversityNagasaki852-8521Japan Institute of Agriculture Tokyo University of Agriculture and TechnologyFuchuTokyo183-8509 Japan Department of Applied Physics and Chemical Engineering Tokyo University of Agriculture and TechnologyKoganeiTokyo184-8588Japan Institute of Global Innovation Research Tokyo University of Agriculture and TechnologyFuchuTokyo183-8509Japan

Understanding aerosol-vegetation interactions is vital in ***,the interactions remain elusive partly due to the lack of suitable plant growth chamber ***,deposition of submicron particles on leaf surfaces is challenging due to its low deposition velocities compared to larger *** this work,we present a plant-growth chamber that was used to study the effect of sub-micron black carbon(BC)particles on the growth and photosynthesis of *** chamber system simultaneously enables the growth of multiple plants in pots and the deposition of submicron particles onto *** spraying methods assisted by ultrasonic and electrostatic forces were employed as aerosol generators to realize the particle *** flow regime inside the chamber was numeri-cally calculated to predict the transportation of aerosol particles,suggesting the optimal operating conditions of the *** gas-phase particle size distribution measurements showed that gener-ated BC particles were suspended in submicron diameter *** aerosol generators were examined in the chamber using three conductor and insulator substrates as a model of plant *** observations and spectroscopic analysis ascertained that submicron BC particles generated from our generators were deposited on all substrate *** the developed chamber system,systematic studies can be performed to advance the fundamental understanding of aerosol-vegetation interactions.

关键词： Aerosol Exposure chamber Spray drying Black carbon

Molecular Phylogeny and Evolution of Two Rhacophorus Species Endemic to Mainland Japan

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Asian Herpetological Research 2019年第2期10卷 86-104页

作者： Masafumi MATSUI Yasuhiro KAWAHARA Kanto NISHIKAWA seiji IKEDA Koshiro ETO Yusuke MIZUNO Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies Kyoto UniversityYoshida Nihonmatsu-choSakyo-kuKyoto 606-8501Japan Hagi City Museum Horiuchi 355HagiYamaguchi 758-0057Japan Hiroshima University Museum Kagamiyama 1-1-1Higashi Hiroshima CityHiroshima 739-8524Japan Kitakyushu Museum of Natural History and Human History Higashida 2-4-1Yahatahigashi-kuKitakyushuFukuoka 805-0071Japan Takahari 4-1002 Meito-kuNagoya 465-0061Japan

We conducted molecular phylogenetic analyses of Japanese Rhacophorus species, especially of R. schlegelii and R. arboreus from the mainland, based on samples encompassing their known distribution ranges, and discussed about evolutionary history of Rhacophorus species within Japan. The common ancestor of Japanese Rhacophorus, except for R. owstoni from southern Ryukyus, was estimated to have diverged from a lineage occurring mainly in China about 7 MYBP. Both R. schlegelii and R. arboreus are genetically largely divergent between regions of eastern and western Japan, and this seems to have been promoted mainly by retreat to refugia. Retreats of the two species to different refugia sometimes in the past seem to have led restricted distribution of R. schlegelii in eastern and R. arboreus in western Japan, and brought their intraspecific variation patterns in morphology and breeding habit.

关键词： glacial period mitochondrial DNA differentiation refugia Rhacophorus arboreus Rhacophorus schlegelii

Diabetic neuropathy research: from mouse models to targets for treatment

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Neural Regeneration Research 2019年第11期14卷 1870-1879页

作者： Vuong M. Pham Shinji Matsumura Tayo Katano Nobuo Funatsu seiji Ito Department of Medical Chemistry Kansai Medical UniversityHirakataOsakaJapan Singapore Institute for Neurotechnology (SINAPSE) National University of SingaporeSingapore Department of Anesthesiology Osaka Medical CollegeTakatsukiOsakaJapan

Diabetic neuropathy is one of the most serious complications of diabetes, and its increase shows no sign of stopping. Furthermore, current clinical treatments do not yet approach the best effectiveness. Thus, the development of better strategies for treating diabetic neuropathy is an urgent matter. In this review, we first discuss the advantages and disadvantages of some major mouse models of diabetic neuropathy and then address the targets for mechanism-based treatment that have been studied. We also introduce our studies on each part. Using stem cells as a source of neurotrophic factors to target extrinsic factors of diabetic neuropathy, we found that they present a promising treatment.

关键词： brain derived neurotrophic factor diabetes extrinsic factors nerve growth factor nerve regeneration neurotrophic factors non-obese type 2 diabetes phosphatase and tensin homolog stem cell streptozotocin

Insights into the pathogenesis of multiple system atrophy: focus on glial cytoplasmic inclusions

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Translational Neurodegeneration 2020年第1期9卷 66-80页

作者： seiji Kaji Takakuni Maki Tomoyuki Ishimoto Hodaka Yamakado Ryosuke Takahashi Department of Neurology Graduate School of MedicineKyoto University54 Shogoin-Kawahara-choSakyo-kuKyotoJapan

Multiple system atrophy(MSA)is a debilitating and fatal neurodegenerative *** disease severity warrants urgent development of disease-modifying therapy,but the disease pathogenesis is still *** in MSA brains is preceded by the emergence of glial cytoplasmic inclusions(GCIs),which are insoluble α-synuclein accumulations within oligodendrocytes(OLGs).Thus,preventive strategies against GCI formation may suppress disease ***,although numerous studies have tried to elucidate the molecular pathogenesis of GCI formation,difficulty remains in understanding the pathological interaction between the two pivotal aspects of GCIs;asynuclein and *** difficulty originates from several enigmas:1)what triggers the initial generation and possible propagation of pathogenic α-synuclein species?2)what contributes to OLG-specific accumulation of α-synuclein,which is abundantly expressed in neurons but not in OLGs?and 3)how are OLGs and other glial cells affected and contribute to neurodegeneration?The primary pathogenesis of GCIs may involve myelin dysfunaion and dyshomeostasis of the oligodendroglial cellular environment such as autophagy and iron *** have previously reported that oligodendrocyte precursor cells are more prone to develop intracellular inclusions in the presence of extracellular fibrillary α-*** finding implies a possibility that the propagation of GCI pathology in MSA brains is mediated through the internalization of pathological α-synuclein into oligodendrocyte precursor *** this review,in order to discuss the pathogenesis of GCIs,we will focus on the composition of neuronal and oligodendroglial inclusions in ***,we will introduce some hypotheses on how α-synuclein pathology spreads among OLGs in MSA brains,in the light of our data from the experiments with primary oligodendrocyte lineage cell *** various reports have focused on the mysterious source of α-

关键词： Multiple system atrophy a-synuclein Glial cytoplasmic inclusion Prion Neurodegeneration Oligodendrocyte Microglia Astrocyte Oligodendrocyte precursor cell

First principles calculation of stable structure and adhesive strength of plated Ni/Fe(100) or Cu/Fe(100) interfaces

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中国有色金属学会会刊：英文版 2009年第4期19卷 988-991页

作者： Ryota NAKANISHI Koji SUEOKA seiji SHIBA M akoto HINO Koji MURAKAMI Ken MURAOKA Department of System Engineering Okayama Prefectural University Metallic Materials Group Department of Mechanical EngineeringIndustrial Technology Center of Okayam a Prefecture

A study the with first principles calculation of the interfaces of the Ni layer or Cu layer on the Fe(100) surface formed with metal plating was *** or Cu atoms were shown to adopt the corresponding position to the bcc structure of the Fe(100) *** calculations showed that the interfaces of Ni(5 atomic layers)/Fe(100)(5 layers) or Cu(5 atomic layers)/Fe(100)(5 layers) had square *** orientation relationship of Ni/Fe(100) interface corresponds to fcc-Ni(100)//bcc-Fe(100),Ni[011]//Fe[010],and Ni[011]//Fe[001].Similar results were obtained for Cu/Fe(100) *** structure was supported by TEM analysis of plated Ni layer on Fe(100) *** adhesion strength of the Ni/Fe(100) interface evaluated by first principles calculation was higher than that of the Cu/Fe(100) *** experimental results of Hull cell iron plated with Ni or Cu supported the results of the *** results indicate that the first principles calculation,which deals with the ideal interface at the atomic scale,has the potential to evaluate the adhesion strength of metallic material interfaces.

关键词：第一原理计算接口处理稳定结构粘接强度铜原子镀镍胶粘剂界面结合强度

Interpretation of Laser Weld Penetration and Welding Phenomena (Invited Paper)

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中国激光 2009年第12期36卷 3160-3166页

作者： seiji Katayama Yousuke Kawahito Joining and Welding Research Institute Osaka UniversityOsaka 567-0047Japan

Deeply penetrated welds can be produced with high-power-density *** the factors affecting laser weld penetration,laser-induced plume behavior and the interaction between a laser beam and a plume,keyhole behavior,melt flows in the molten pool,and the generation and prevention of bubbles and porosity were ***,the effects of plasma and plume on the weld penetration were interpreted in CO2 and fiber lasers welding,*** formation of spattering,underfilled beads,and humping was *** was confirmed that porosity was easily formed at high powers and low welding speeds due to the generation of many bubbles from the tip of a keyhole.

关键词：激光焊接技术激光诱导二氧化碳激光器

Ultracytochemical localization of H+-adenosine triphosphatase activity in autophagic vacuoles induced by vinblastine in rat liver

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Cell Research 1990年第2期1卷 207-215页

作者： MASAHIKO SAKAI KAZUO ogawa Department of Anatomy Faculty of Medicine Kyoto University Kyoto Japan

H+-adenosine triphosphatase （H+-ATPase） activity was demonstrated cytochemically in autophagic vacuoles （AVs） of rat hepatocytes using a modification of the method for the demonstration of neutral p-nitrophenyl phosphatase （p-NPPase） activity . When an inhibitor of H+-ATPase, N-ethylmaleimide （NEM） or 4, 4'-diisothiocyanostilbene-2, 2'disulfonic acid, di-sodium salt （DIDS） was included in the incubation medium the enyzme activity was abolished indicating that p-NPPase demonstrated in this study represents H+-ATPase. Autophagy was induced by a single intraperitoneal injection Of vinblastine sulfate （VBL）. The number of AVs increased remarkably in hepatocytes from 40 min after VBL treatment. H+-ATPase activity was observed mainly on the membranes of lysosomes and AVs. However, early forms of AVs containing only incompletely digested material showed no H+-ATPase activity. Most AVs revealing a positive reaction seemed to be in advanced stages of development. Acid phosphatase acticity was demonstrable in mature but not in early forms of AVs. The present investigation showed that membranes of advanced stage AVs possess an H+-ATPase which may be derived from lysosomal membranes.

关键词： Rat hepatocyte autophagy H+-ATPase.

Evidence of the Precipitates in the V-Shaped Defects of Undoped GaN

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Chinese Physics Letters 1999年第1期16卷 47-49页

作者： KANG Jun-yong HUANG Qi-sheng ogawa Tomoya Department of Physics Xiamen UniversityXiamen 361005 Department of Physics Gakushuin UniversityMejiroTokyo 171Japan

Precipitates in undoped GaN epilayers with specular surfaces grown on sapphire substrates were imaged by super high-resolution electron microscopy(HREM)and analyzed by energy-dispersive x-ray spectrometry(EDXS).The HREM images of the precipitates appeared more or less hexagonal intersection with several ten-nanometer large,which is the same as that of the V-shape *** EDXS spectra of the precipitates were mainly composed of the characteristic x-rays of oxygen,carbon,and gallium *** results suggest that the precipitates nucleate at the pinholes of the V-shape cavities and grow as the GaN growth.

关键词： shape Defects hexagonal